diff options
Diffstat (limited to '3875/CH10')
60 files changed, 471 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.1/10_1.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.1/10_1.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f497efb24 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.1/10_1.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ + The temperature of the star is = 68511 K
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..43ead0301 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.1/Ex10_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+T1=6000 //temperature of the sun in K
+E1_by_E2=17000 //ratio of luminosity of sun to the star
+
+//calculation
+
+T2=T1*E1_by_E2^(1/4)
+mprintf("The temperature of the star is = %d K",T2)
+//Answer varies due to round off error
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.10/10_10.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.10/10_10.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2d33fc577 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.10/10_10.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +Since the threshold wavelength is 5.405e-07,wavelength 680nm is not capable of showing photoelectric effect as threshold wavelength is the longest wavelength
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.10/Ex10_10.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.10/Ex10_10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..58cf3312d --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.10/Ex10_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+W=2.3*1.6*10^-19 //Energy required to remove electron in eV
+h=6.63*10^-34 //Plancks constant in J-s
+c=3*10^8 //velocity of light in m/s
+
+//calculation
+lambda_0=(h*c)/W
+printf("\nSince the threshold wavelength is %1.3e,wavelength 680nm is not capable of showing photoelectric effect as threshold wavelength is the longest wavelength",lambda_0)
+//The answer provided in the textbook is wrong.
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.11/10_11.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.11/10_11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d9c1fae87 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.11/10_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+W=1.2*1.6*10^-19 //work function in eV
+h=6.6*10^-34 //Plancks constant in J-s
+v=5.5*10^14 // frequency of light in Hz
+e=1.6*10^-19 //charge in C
+
+V_s=((h*v)-W)/e
+
+mprintf("The stopping potential is = %1.2f volt",V_s)
+//Answer varies due to round off error.
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.11/10_11.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.11/10_11.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4c8f076bc --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.11/10_11.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ + The stopping potential is = 1.07 volt
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.12/10_12.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.12/10_12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9f67c5503 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.12/10_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+h=6.63*10^-34 //Plancks constant in J-s
+v0=6*10^14 // threshold frequency of light in Hz
+e=1.6*10^-19 //charge in C
+V_s=3 //stopping potential in V
+
+//calculation
+v=((e*V_s)/h)+v0
+mprintf("The frequency of light which ejects electrons from the surface is %1.3e Hz",v)
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.12/10_12.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.12/10_12.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a397a75bc --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.12/10_12.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ + The frequency of light which ejects electrons from the surface is 1.324e+15 Hz
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.13/10_13.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.13/10_13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..366e8ace0 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.13/10_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+h=6.63*10^-34 //Plancks constant in J-s
+v=3*10^8 // frequency of light in Hz
+e=1.6*10^-19 //charge in C
+lambda=200*10^-9 //wavelength in m
+W=4.2 //work function in Joule
+c=3*10^8 //velocity of light in m/s
+
+//calculation
+E=(h*v)/(lambda)//energy in J
+E_v=E/e //energy in eV
+
+//case (1)
+E_k=E_v-W
+mprintf("\nThe kinetic energy of the fastest electrons is = %d eV\n",E_k)
+
+//case(2)
+mprintf("\nThe kinetic energy of slowest electrons is zero.As the emitted electrons have all possible energies from 0 to certain maximun value is E_k\n")
+
+//case(3)
+mprintf("If V_s is the stopping potential then E_k=e*V_s.Since the electrons have a maximum kinetoc energy of 2eV,the stopping potential is 2V.\n")
+
+//case(4)
+lambda_0=(h*c)/(W*e)
+mprintf("The cut off wavelength for aluminium is %1.2e m",lambda_0) //The answer provided in the textbook is wrong.
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.13/10_13.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.13/10_13.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..03b02fccb --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.13/10_13.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +The kinetic energy of the fastest electrons is = 2 eV
+The kinetic energy of slowest electrons is zero.As the emitted electrons have all possible energies from 0 to certain maximun value is E_k
+If V_s is the stopping potential then E_k=e*V_s.Since the electrons have a maximum kinetoc energy of 2eV,the stopping potential is 2V.
+The cut off wavelength for aluminium is 2.96e-07 m
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.14/10_14.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.14/10_14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..08ed781f7 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.14/10_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+P=10^-3 //power in watt
+h=6.62*10^-34 //Plancks constant in J-s
+v=3*10^8 //frequncy of light in Hz
+lambda=4560*10^-10 //wavelength in m
+eff=0.005 //quantum efficiency
+e=1.6*10^-19 //charge in C
+
+//calculation
+E=(h*v)/lambda //energy of each photon in joules
+N=P/E //no of photons incident on the metal per sec
+N_e=N*eff //no of electrons released per sec
+I=N_e*e
+
+mprintf("The photoelectric current is = %1.3e amp or 1.837 micro-amp",I)
+//The Answer provided in the textbook is wrong.
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.14/10_14.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.14/10_14.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2222cadcd --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.14/10_14.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ + The photoelectric current is = 1.837e-06 amp or 1.837 micro-amp
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.15/10_15.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.15/10_15.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e871bae41 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.15/10_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+lambda1=400 //wavelength in nm
+lambda2=300 //wavelength in nm
+V1=0.82 //stopping potential in V
+V2=1.85 //stopping potential in V
+c=3*10^8 //velocity of light in m/s
+e=1.6*10^-19 //charge in C
+
+//calculation
+h=(e*(V1-V2)*(lambda1*10^-9)*(lambda2*10^-9))/(c*(lambda2-lambda1)*10^-9)
+
+mprintf("\nThe Plancks constant is = %1.3e J-s\n",h)
+mprintf("The photoelectric current will not be obtained as the stopping potential does not depend on the intensity of light")
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.15/10_15.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.15/10_15.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6ceeab3ff --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.15/10_15.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +The Plancks constant is = 6.592e-34 J-s
+The photoelectric current will not be obtained as the stopping potential does not depend on the intensity of light
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.16/10_16.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.16/10_16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..08cbd5717 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.16/10_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+h=6.63*10^-34 //plancks constant in J-s
+c=3*10^8 //velocity of light in m/s
+lambda=180*10^-9 //wavelength in m
+W=2*1.6*10^-19 //work function in Joule
+m=9.1*10^-31 //mass in kg
+e=1.6*10^-19 //charge in C
+B=5*10^-5 //magnetic flux density in Tesla
+
+//calculation
+E=((h*c)/lambda)-W //kinetic energy in J
+v=sqrt((2*E)/m) //velocity in m/s
+r=(m*v)/(e*B)
+
+mprintf("The radius of the circular path in magnetic field is = %1.3f m",r)
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.16/10_16.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.16/10_16.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..25323313a --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.16/10_16.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ + The radius of the circular path in magnetic field is = 0.149 m
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.17/10_17.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.17/10_17.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b97570e6e --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.17/10_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+h=6.63*10^-34 //Plancks constant in J-s
+c=3*10^8 //velocity of light in m/s
+E0=6.20*10^3 //energy of photon in keV
+freq_s=0.5/100 //frequency shift
+m=9.1*10^-31 //mass in kg
+
+
+
+//CALCULATION
+lambda0=(h*c)/(E0*1.6*10^-19) //wavelength in m
+delta_E=(freq_s*E0)/10^3 //Loss in energy of photon in keV
+E=(E0/10^3)-delta_E //energy of scattered photon on keV
+lambda=(h*c)/(E*10^3*1.6*10^-19) //wavelength of scattered photon in m
+delta_lambda=lambda-lambda0 //compton shift
+phi=acosd(1-(m*c*delta_lambda)/h)
+
+mprintf("The angle through which Xray is scattered is = %2.1f degree",phi)
+//The answer varies due to round off error.
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.17/10_17.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.17/10_17.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..97102ac45 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.17/10_17.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ + The angle through which Xray is scattered is = 54.2 degree
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.18/10_18.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.18/10_18.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b0de5c216 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.18/10_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+h=6.63*10^-34 //Plancks constant in J-s
+c=3*10^8 //velocity of light in m/s
+m=9.1*10^-31 //mass in kg
+lambda_1=100*10^-12 //wavelength in m
+e=1.6*10^-19 //charge in C
+
+
+//calculation
+delta_lambda=(h/(m*c)) //wavelength in m
+mprintf("The compton shift is = %1.2e m\n",delta_lambda)
+
+lambda_0=lambda_1-delta_lambda //wavelength of the scattered photon in m
+delta_E=(h*c*delta_lambda)/(lambda_1*lambda_0)
+mprintf("\nThe kinetic energy imparted to the electron is = %1.2e J or %1.2f eV",delta_E,delta_E/e)
+//The answer provided in the textbook is wrong.
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.18/10_18.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.18/10_18.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c3d75e176 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.18/10_18.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +The compton shift is = 2.43e-12 m
+
+The kinetic energy imparted to the electron is = 4.95e-17 J or 309.42 eV
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.2/10_2.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.2/10_2.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0dea02611 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.2/10_2.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ + The energy radiated per unit area per sec is = 2325 Joules.
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4ce6773f5 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.2/Ex10_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+e=0.85 //emissivity
+T=2000 //Temperature in K
+A=5*10^-5 //surface area in m^2
+t=60 //time in s
+sigma=5.7*10^-8 //Stefan-Boltzmann Constant in J/m^2sK^4
+
+//calculation
+Q=e*sigma*T^4*A*t
+mprintf("The energy radiated per unit area per sec is = %d Joules.",Q)
+//The answer varies due to round off error.
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.20/10_20.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.20/10_20.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..11386d3a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.20/10_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+E0=100 //energy of the incident photon in keV
+E=90 //energy of the scattered photon in keV
+m=9.1*10^-31 //mass in kg
+c=3*10^8 //velocity of light in m/s
+
+//calculation
+delta_E=E0-E //energy lost in keV
+mc_square=(m*c^2)/(1.6*10^-19*10^3) //calculating one part of the formula
+phi=acosd(1-(delta_E/E*mc_square/E0))
+
+mprintf("The scattering angle of the photon is = %2.1f degree",phi)
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.20/10_20.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.20/10_20.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8ade5cdab --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.20/10_20.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ + The scattering angle of the photon is = 64.5 degree
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.21/10_21.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.21/10_21.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b6e649f42 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.21/10_21.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+KE=10*1.6*10^-19 //energy in J
+m=9.1*10^-31 //mass in kg
+h=6.63*10^-34 //Plancks constant in J-s
+m_h=2*10^-3 //molecular weight of hydrogen in kg
+a=6.023*10^23 //Avogadros constant in mol^-1
+v=2200 //velocity in m/s
+m_g=45*10^-3 //mass of golf ball in kg]
+v_g=22 //velocity of golf ball in m/s
+
+//calculation
+//case (a)
+lambda=(h/sqrt(2*m*KE))
+mprintf("The de-Broglie wavelength is = %1.3e m or 0.388 nm\n",lambda)
+
+//case (b)
+m=m_h/a //mass in kg
+lambda=(h/(m*v))
+mprintf("The de-Broglie wavelength is = %1.2e m or 0.988 nm\n",lambda) //The answer provided in the textbook is wrong.
+
+//case (c)
+lambda1=h/(m_g*v_g)
+mprintf("The de-Broglie wavelength of the golf ball is = %1.1e m",lambda1)
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.21/10_21.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.21/10_21.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..82826abd1 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.21/10_21.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +The de-Broglie wavelength is = 3.885e-10 m or 0.388 nm
+The de-Broglie wavelength is = 9.08e-11 m or 0.988 nm
+The de-Broglie wavelength of the golf ball is = 6.7e-34 m
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.22/10_22.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.22/10_22.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6589f86c5 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.22/10_22.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+h=6.63*10^-34 //Plancks constant in J-s
+K_b=1.38*10^-23 //Boltzmanns constant in m^2 kg s^-2 K^-1
+T=300 //Temperature in K
+m=1.00878*1.66*10^-27 //mass of neutron in kg
+
+//calculation
+lambda=(h/sqrt(3*m*K_b*T))
+
+mprintf("The de-Broglie wavelength is = %1.2e m or 0.145 nm",lambda)
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.22/10_22.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.22/10_22.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5f1b842cd --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.22/10_22.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ + The de-Broglie wavelength is = 1.45e-10 m or 0.145 nm
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.23/10_23.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.23/10_23.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fa3ea5de4 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.23/10_23.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+m=9.1*10^-31 //mass in kg
+h=6.63*10^-34 //Plancks constant in J-s
+e=1.6*10^-19 //charge in C
+lambda=0.1 //wavelength in nm
+
+//calculation
+V=(((h/(sqrt(2*m*e)))*10^9)/(lambda))^2 //multipyling by 10^9 to convert from m to nm according to textbook convention.
+
+mprintf("The voltage to which electron can be accelerated is = %.4e volts or 150.95 volts",V)
+//The answer varies due to round off error.
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.23/10_23.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.23/10_23.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e51e662db --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.23/10_23.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +The voltage to which electron can be accelerated is = 1.5095e+02 volts or 150.95 volts
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.24/10_24.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.24/10_24.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2334824a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.24/10_24.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+KE=0.04*1.6*10^-19 //energy in J
+m=1.675*10^-27 //mass of neutron in kg
+h=6.63*10^-34 //Plancks constant in J-s
+c=3*10^8 //velocity of light in m/s
+
+//calculation
+lambda=(h/sqrt(2*m*KE))/10^-9
+mprintf("The de-Broglie wavelength is = %1.3f nm\n",lambda)
+v_g=h/(lambda*10^-9*m)
+mprintf("The group velocity is = %1.2e m/s\n",v_g)
+v_p=(c^2)/v_g
+mprintf("The phase velocity is = %1.2e m/s\n",v_p)
+E=(h*c)/(lambda*10^-9)
+mprintf("The energy of the nuetron is = %1.2e J or 8.69 keV",E)
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.24/10_24.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.24/10_24.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5361a03ed --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.24/10_24.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + The de-Broglie wavelength is = 0.143 nm
+The group velocity is = 2.76e+03 m/s
+The phase velocity is = 3.26e+13 m/s
+The energy of the nuetron is = 1.39e-15 J or 8.69 keV
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.25/10_25.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.25/10_25.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9f266713a --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.25/10_25.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+g=9.8 //acceleration due to gravity in m/s^2
+lambda=10 //wavelength in m
+
+//calculation
+
+v_g=sqrt((lambda*g*%pi)/2)
+mprintf("The group velocity is = %2.2f m/s",v_g)
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.25/10_25.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.25/10_25.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6d754462a --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.25/10_25.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +The group velocity is = 12.41 m/s
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.26/10_26.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.26/10_26.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0d27dca62 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.26/10_26.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+m=9.1*10^-31 //mass in kg
+h=6.63*10^-34 //Plancks constant in J-s
+e=1.6*10^-19 //charge in C
+n=1 //first reflection maximum
+tetha=60 //glancing angle
+V=344 //voltage in V
+
+//calculation
+d=((n*h)/(2*sind(60)*sqrt(2*m*e*V)))/10^-9
+mprintf("The interplanar distance is = %1.3f nm",d)
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.26/10_26.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.26/10_26.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..69dd010f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.26/10_26.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +The interplanar distance is = 0.038 nm
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.27/10_27.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.27/10_27.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1cf63f982 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.27/10_27.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+m=1.675*10^-27//mass of neutron in kg
+h=6.63*10^-34 //Plancks constant in J-s
+n=1 //first reflection maximum
+KE=0.04*1.6*10^-19 //energy in J
+d=0.314*10^-9 //interplanar distance in m
+
+//calculation
+
+phi=asind((n*h)/(2*d*sqrt(2*m*KE)))
+mprintf("The glancing angle is = %2.1f degree",phi)
+//The answer varies due to round off error.
+
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.27/10_27.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.27/10_27.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8e08b11c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.27/10_27.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +The glancing angle is = 13.2 degree
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.28/10_28.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.28/10_28.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6c6ac371e --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.28/10_28.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+tetha=55 //braggs angle in degree
+KE=0.25*1.6*10^-19 //enrgy in J
+m=1.675*10^-27//mass of neutron in kg
+h=6.63*10^-34 //Plancks constant in J-s
+n=1 //first reflection maximum
+
+//calculation
+d=((n*h)/(2*sind(tetha)*sqrt(2*m*KE)))
+mprintf("The interplanar distance is = %1.1e m",d)
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.28/10_28.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.28/10_28.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4413ec68c --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.28/10_28.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +The interplanar distance is = 3.5e-11 m
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.29/10_29.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.29/10_29.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9aefd005c --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.29/10_29.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+m=9.1*10^-31 //mass of electron in kg
+v=4*10^5 //velocity in m/s
+u=10^-4 //uncertainity in momenmtum
+h=6.63*10^-34 //plancks constant in J-s
+
+
+//calculation
+delta_p=u*m*v //in kg-m/s
+delta_x=(h/(2*%pi*delta_p))
+mprintf("The uncertainity in the position of the electron is %1.4e m",delta_x)
+//The answer provided in the textbook is wrong.
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.29/10_29.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.29/10_29.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2d2217607 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.29/10_29.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ + The uncertainity in the position of the electron is 2.8989e-06 m
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.3/10_3.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.3/10_3.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0dc4a44f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.3/10_3.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ + The work function of the metal is = 2.25 eV
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..334e10b9d --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.3/Ex10_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+h=4.136*10^-15 //Plancks constant in eV
+c=3*10^8 //velocity of light in m/s
+R=1.097*10^7 //Rydberg constant m^-1
+lambda1= 900 //wavelength in nm
+T1_by_T2=1/3 //Ratio of temperature T1 to T2
+n1=2 //energy level of atom
+n2=3 //energy level of atom
+
+//calculation
+
+lambda2=(lambda1*T1_by_T2)//wavelength in nm
+E=(h*c)/(lambda2*10^-9) //Energy of incident photon in eV
+Ex=R*h*c*((1/n1^2)-(1/n2^2)) //Excitation energy in eV
+W=E-Ex
+
+mprintf("The work function of the metal is = %1.2f eV",W)
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.31/10_31.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.31/10_31.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..cfeff01cb --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.31/10_31.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+delta_x=5*10^-14 //diameter of nucleus in m
+h=6.63*10^-34 //plancks constant
+m=1.675*10^-27 //mass in kg
+
+//calculation
+p_min=h/(4*%pi*delta_x) //minimum momentum in kg-m/s
+E_min=((p_min)^2/(2*m))
+
+mprintf("The minimum kinetic energy of the nucleon is = %1.2e J or 0.33*10^-15 J",E_min)
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.31/10_31.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.31/10_31.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ecefdf467 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.31/10_31.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +The minimum kinetic energy of the nucleon is = 3.32e-16 J or 0.33*10^-15 J
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.32/10_32.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.32/10_32.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..cb08520f0 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.32/10_32.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+h=6.63*10^-34 //Plancks constant in J-s
+c=3*10^8 //velocity of light in m/s
+lambda=694.5*10^-9 //wavelength in m
+delta_t=10^-3
+
+//calculation
+delta_lambda=abs(-(lambda^2/(4*%pi*c*delta_t)))
+
+mprintf("The natural line width of laser transition is = %1.2e m",delta_lambda)
+//The answer provided in the textbook is wrong.
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.32/10_32.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.32/10_32.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..59278a8e9 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.32/10_32.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ + The natural line width of laser transition is = 1.28e-19 m
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.4/10_4.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.4/10_4.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f323422fc --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.4/10_4.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ + The surface temperature of the sun = 5795 K
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6dd07bc90 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.4/Ex10_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+S=1.4*10^3 //rate of suns energy striking in watt/m^2
+r=1.5*10^11 //radius of earths orbit in m
+R=7*10^8 //radius of sun in m
+sigma=5.7*10^-8 //Stefan-Boltzmann Constant in J/m^2sK^4
+
+//calculation
+T=((S*r^2)/(sigma*R^2))^(1/4)
+
+mprintf("The surface temperature of the sun = %d K",T)
+//The answer provided in the textbook is wrong.
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.5/10_5.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.5/10_5.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..61d54f656 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.5/10_5.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ + The ratio of how much body cools in the first case to the second case is = 11.3
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..cbb9b2021 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.5/Ex10_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+T0=293 //temperature of the surrounding
+T1=373 //temperature of the black body in case 1
+T2=303 //temperature of the black body in case 2
+
+//calculation
+
+E1_by_E2=(T1^4-T0^4)/(T2^4-T0^4)
+mprintf("The ratio of how much body cools in the first case to the second case is = %2.1f",E1_by_E2)
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.6/10_6.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.6/10_6.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1ee3488e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.6/10_6.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ + The emissivity of the surface area is = 0.18
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.6/Ex10_6.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.6/Ex10_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d87c8d106 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.6/Ex10_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+A=5*10^-4 //area in m^2
+sigma=5.67*10^-8 //Stefan-Boltzmann Constant in J/m^2sK^4
+t=60 //time in s
+T=727+273 //temperature in K
+Q=300 //energy in J
+
+//calculation
+
+e=Q/(sigma*T^4*t*A)
+mprintf("The emissivity of the surface area is = %1.2f",e)
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.7/10_7.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.7/10_7.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7ad1f9b2b --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.7/10_7.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ + The time required to cool from 1000 to 300K is = 1.27e+05 sec or 127*10^3 sec
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.7/Ex10_7.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.7/Ex10_7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d8bb99a98 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.7/Ex10_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+r=5*10^-2 //outer radius of copper sphere in m
+T1=10^3//temperature in K
+T2=300 //temperature in K
+c=4*10^3 //specific heat in J/kg
+rho=9*10^3 //density of copper in kg/m^3
+sigma=5.67*10^-8 // Stefan-Boltzmann Constant in J/m^2sK^4
+
+//calculation
+t=((rho*r*c)/(9*sigma))*((1/T2^3)-(1/T1^3))
+
+mprintf("The time required to cool from 1000 to 300K is = %.2e sec or 127*10^3 sec\n",t)
+
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.8/10_8.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.8/10_8.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2088ae97d --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.8/10_8.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ + The current in the wire is 36 amp.
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.8/Ex10_8.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.8/Ex10_8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..867d65020 --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.8/Ex10_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+rad=10^-3 //radius of wire in m
+l=1 //length of the wire in m
+T=900 //temperature of the body in K
+T0=300 //temperature of the surrounding in K
+sigma=5.68*10^-8 // Stefan-Boltzmann Constant in J/m^2sK^4
+alpha=7.8*10^-3 //temperature coefficient of resistance
+delta_T=600 //difference in temperature of the body and surrounding in K
+rho_300=%pi^2*10^-8 //resistivity in ohm-m
+
+//calculation
+E=sigma*(T^4-T0^4)*2*%pi*rad*l //in watt
+rho_900=((1+alpha*delta_T)*rho_300)// resistivity in ohm-m
+R_900=rho_900*(l/(%pi*rad^2)) //resistance in ohm
+I=sqrt(E/R_900)
+mprintf("The current in the wire is %d amp.",I)
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.9/10_9.sce b/3875/CH10/EX10.9/10_9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..04a390b8f --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.9/10_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +clc;
+clear;
+h=6.63*10^-34 //Plancks constant in Joule-s
+c=3*10^8 //velocity of light in m/s
+lambda1=10^-3 //wavelength in m
+lambda2=100*10^-9 //wavelength in m
+T=1000 //temperature in K
+k_B=1.38*10^-23 //Boltzmann constant in m^2 kg s^-2 K^-1
+d_lambda1=0.1*10^-3 //range of wavelength in m
+d_lambda2=1*10^-9 //range of wavelength in m
+
+//calculation
+//case (a) when the range of wavelength is between 1-1.1 mm
+E=exp((h*c)/(lambda1*k_B*T)) //calculating the exponential term of the eqn
+U_lambda1=((8*%pi*h*c*d_lambda1)/(lambda1^5*(E-1)))
+mprintf("The energy density is = %1.2e J/m^3.\n",U_lambda1)
+
+//case (b) when the range of wavelength is between 100-101 nm
+E1=exp((h*c)/(lambda2*k_B*T)) //calculating the exponential term of the eqn
+U_lambda2=((8*%pi*h*c*d_lambda2)/(lambda2^5*(E1-1)))
+mprintf("The energy density is = %1.2e J/m^3.",U_lambda2)
+//The answer provided in the textbook is wrong.
+
+mprintf("\nThus for shorter wavelengths the energy densities predicted by Rayleigh-Jeans law and Planks law are considerably different while for longer wavelengths the energy densites predicted are same.")
diff --git a/3875/CH10/EX10.9/10_9.txt b/3875/CH10/EX10.9/10_9.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..dd4ecf59d --- /dev/null +++ b/3875/CH10/EX10.9/10_9.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +The energy density is = 3.44e-11 J/m^3.
+The energy density is = 1.27e-60 J/m^3.
+Thus for shorter wavelengths the energy densities predicted by Rayleigh-Jeans law and Planks law are considerably different while for longer wavelengths the energy densites predicted are same.
\ No newline at end of file |