24 files changed, 463 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.12/Ex6_12.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.12/Ex6_12.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..96a49ceae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.12/Ex6_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+w=23+35.5           //molecular weight of NaCl(gm/mole)
+N=6.023*10**23      //avagadro number(gm/mol)
+rho=2.18            //density of NaCl(gm/cm**3)
+n=2                 //number of atoms
+
+//Calculation
+m=w/N               //mass of NaCl(gm)
+nm=rho/m            //number of molecules(mole/cm**3)
+N_NaCl=n*nm         //number of atoms per unit volume(atoms/cm**3) 
+a=(1/N_NaCl)**(1/3)     //distance between adjacent atoms(cm)
+
+
+//Result
+printf("\n number of atoms per unit volume is %0.2f  *10**22 atoms/cm**3",N_NaCl/10**22)
+printf("\n distance between adjacent atoms is %0.2f  angstrom",a*10**8)
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.13/Ex6_13.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.13/Ex6_13.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cfcad0e52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.13/Ex6_13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+lamda=0.071*10**-9      //wavelength(m)
+h=1
+k=1
+l=0                     //miller indices
+a=0.28*10**-9           //lattice constant(m)
+n=2                     //order
+
+//Calculation
+d=a/sqrt(h**2+k**2+l**2)     
+theta=asin(n*lamda/(2*d))*180/%pi     //glancing angle(degrees)
+
+//Result
+printf("\n glancing angle is %0.2f  degrees",theta)
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.14/Ex6_14.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.14/Ex6_14.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..52351406a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.14/Ex6_14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+lamda=3*10**-10      //wavelength(m)
+h=1
+k=0
+l=0                     //miller indices
+theta=40*%pi/180    //glancing angle(radian)
+n=1                     //order
+
+//Calculation
+d=n*lamda/(2*sin(theta))      //space of reflecting plane(m)
+a=d*sqrt(h**2+k**2+l**2)      
+V=a**3                  //volume of unit cell(m**3)
+
+//Result
+printf("\n space of reflecting plane is %0.4f  angstrom",d*10**10)
+printf("\n volume of unit cell is %0.2f  *10**-29 m**3",V*10**29)
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.15/Ex6_15.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.15/Ex6_15.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f0b4c04c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.15/Ex6_15.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+lamda=0.82      //wavelength(m)
+theta=75.86*%pi/180    //glancing angle(radian)
+n=1                     //order
+a=3                     //lattice constant(angstrom)
+
+//Calculation
+d=n*lamda/(2*sin(theta))      //space of reflecting plane(angstrom)
+//here the value of d comes to 0.422 angstrom which is not equal to the value of a. hence the problem cannot be solved further 
+
+//Result
+printf("\n space of reflecting plane is %0.2f  angstrom",d)
+printf("\n answer given in the book is wrong")
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.16/Ex6_16.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.16/Ex6_16.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..39f25ebdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.16/Ex6_16.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+a=5.63*10**-10          //lattice constant(m)
+h=1
+k=1
+l=1                     //miller indices
+theta=27.5*%pi/180    //glancing angle(radian)
+n=1                     //order
+h=6.625*10**-34         //planck's constant
+c=3*10**10              //velocity of light(m/sec)
+e=1.6*10**-19           //charge of electron(c)
+
+//Calculation
+d111=a/sqrt(h**2+k**2+l**2)      
+lamda=2*d111*sin(theta)/n      //wavelength of X-ray beam(m) 
+lamda=int(lamda*10**10)             //wavelength of X-ray beam(angstrom) 
+E=h*c/(lamda*10**-10*e)         //energy of X-ray beam(eV)    
+
+//Result
+printf("\n wavelength of X-ray beam is %0.3f  angstrom",lamda)
+printf("\n energy of X-ray beam is %0.2f  *10**5 eV",E/10**5)
+printf("\n answer for energy given in the book is wrong")
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.17/Ex6_17.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.17/Ex6_17.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c56f7f454
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.17/Ex6_17.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+h=2
+k=0
+l=2                     //miller indices
+theta=34*%pi/180    //glancing angle(radian)
+n=1                     //order
+lamda=1.5*10**-10       //wavelength of X-ray beam(m) 
+
+//Calculation
+d=n*lamda/(2*sin(theta))      
+a=d*sqrt(h**2+k**2+l**2)          //lattice constant(m)
+
+//Result
+printf("\n lattice constant is %0.4f  angstrom",a*10**10)
+printf("\n answer given in the book varies due to rounding off errors")
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ddd0d74d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+n=2             //number of atoms per unit cell
+M=55.85         //atomic weight(amu)
+N=6.02*10**23   //avagadro number(kg/m**3)
+rho=7860        //density(kg/m**3)    
+
+//Calculation 
+a=(n*M/(rho*N))**(1/3)     //lattice constant(m)    
+
+//Result
+printf("\n lattice constant is %0.2f  angstrom",a*10**8)
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.20/Ex6_20.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.20/Ex6_20.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1b3b30d02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.20/Ex6_20.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+h=2
+k=2
+l=0                     //miller indices
+a=450                   //length(nm)  
+
+//Calculation
+d220=a/sqrt(h**2+k**2+l**2)          //interplanar spacing(nm)
+
+//Result
+printf("\n interplanar spacing is %0.1f  nm",d220)
+printf("\n answer given in the book is wrong")
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.21/Ex6_21.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.21/Ex6_21.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b0d7a2d74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.21/Ex6_21.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+h=1
+k=1
+l=1                     //miller indices
+r=1.278*10**-10         //radius(m)
+
+//Calculation
+a=4*r/sqrt(2)       
+d111=a/sqrt(h**2+k**2+l**2)          //interplanar spacing(m)
+
+//Result
+printf("\n interplanar spacing is %0.2f  *10**-10 m",d111*10**10)
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.22/Ex6_22.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.22/Ex6_22.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1e605132a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.22/Ex6_22.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+h=1
+k=1
+l=1                     //miller indices
+n=4
+A=107.87                //atomic weight(amu)
+N=10500*6.052*10**26    //density(kg/m**3)
+theta=(19+(12/60))*%pi/180      //angle(radian)
+r=1.278*10**-10         //radius(m)
+hp=6.625*10**-34        //plancks constant(Js)
+c=3*10**8               //velocity of light(m/sec)
+e=1.6*10**-19           //charge of electron(coulomb)
+
+//Calculation
+a=(n*A/N)**(1/3)        //lattice constant(m)
+d=a/sqrt(h**2+k**2+l**2)          //interplanar spacing(m)
+lamda=2*d*sin(theta)       //wavelength of X-rays(m)
+E=hp*c/(e*lamda)                    //energy of X-rays(eV) 
+
+//Result
+printf("\n wavelength of X-rays is %0.3f  angstrom",lamda*10**10)
+printf("\n answer in the book varies due to rounding off errors")
+printf("\n energy of X-rays is %0.0f  *10**3 eV",E/10**3)
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.23/Ex6_23.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.23/Ex6_23.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..64ab97fa7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.23/Ex6_23.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+h=1
+k=1
+l=0                     //miller indices
+d100=0.28               //lattice constant(nm)
+n=2
+lamda=0.071             //wavelength(nm)
+
+//Calculation
+d110=d100/sqrt(h**2+k**2+l**2)          //interplanar spacing(m)
+theta=asin(n*lamda/(2*d110))*180/%pi    //glancing angle(degrees)
+
+//Result
+printf("\n glancing angle is %0.0f  degrees",theta)
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.24/Ex6_24.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.24/Ex6_24.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..68de8c9fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.24/Ex6_24.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+h=1
+k=1
+l=0              //miller indices
+a=0.38           //lattice constant(nm)
+
+//Calculation
+d=a/sqrt(h**2+k**2+l**2)    //distance between the planes(nm)
+
+//Result
+printf("\n distance between the planes is %0.2f  nm",d)
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.26/Ex6_26.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.26/Ex6_26.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..29ec85c6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.26/Ex6_26.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+h=2
+k=3
+l=1              //miller indices
+a=0.121          
+b=0.184
+c=0.197          //parameters(nm)
+
+//Calculation
+OB=2*b/3       //intercept along y axis(nm)
+OC=2*c         //intercept along z axis(nm) 
+
+//Result
+printf("\n intercept along y axis is %0.3f  nm",OB)
+printf("\n intercept along y axis is %0.3f  nm",OC)
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.27/Ex6_27.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.27/Ex6_27.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9b65a0a1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.27/Ex6_27.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+h1=1
+k1=2
+l1=3              //miller indices
+h2=2
+k2=4
+l2=6              //miller indices
+a=0.82          
+b=0.94
+c=0.75            //parameters(nm)
+
+//Calculation
+d123=(((h1/a)**2)+((k1/b)**2)+((l1/c)**2))**(-1/2)     //interplanar distance between (123) planes
+d246=d123/2                  //interplanar distance between (246) planes
+
+//Result
+printf("\n interplanar distance between (123) planes is %0.3f  nm",d123)
+printf("\n interplanar distance between (246) planes is %0.4f  nm",d246)
+printf("\n answers given in the book are wrong")
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.28/Ex6_28.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.28/Ex6_28.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dc42d3f24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.28/Ex6_28.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+h=1
+k=1
+l=1              //miller indices
+a=0.2            //lattice parameter(nm)
+theta=(87/2)*%pi/180       //angle(radian)
+
+//Calculation
+d=a/sqrt(h**2+k**2+l**2)
+lamda=2*d*sin(theta)      //wavelength of Xrays(nm)
+
+//Result
+printf("\n wavelength of Xrays is %0.3f  nm",lamda)
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.29/Ex6_29.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.29/Ex6_29.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..804b06217
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.29/Ex6_29.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+h=1
+k=1
+l=1              //miller indices
+a=0.352            //lattice parameter(nm)
+theta=(28+(30/60))*%pi/180       //angle(radian)
+hp=6.626*10**-34       //plancks constant(Js)
+m=1.67*10**-27        //mass of proton(kg)
+kB=1.38*10**-23       //boltzmann constant
+
+//Calculation
+d=a/sqrt(h**2+k**2+l**2)
+lamda=2*d*sin(theta)      //wavelength(nm)
+T=(hp**2)/(3*m*kB*(lamda*10**-9)**2)           //effective temperature of neutrons(K)
+
+//Result
+printf("\n effective temperature of neutrons is %0.0f  K",T)
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4a34474f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+n=2             //number of atoms per unit cell
+M=6.94         //atomic weight(amu)
+N=6.02*10**26   //avagadro number(kg/mol)
+rho=530        //density(kg/m**3)    
+
+//Calculation 
+a=(n*M/(rho*N))**(1/3)     //lattice constant(m)    
+
+//Result
+printf("\n lattice constant is %0.2f  angstrom",a*10**10)
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.30/Ex6_30.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.30/Ex6_30.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e02954d66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.30/Ex6_30.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+h=1
+k=1
+l=1              //miller indices
+lamda=0.152            //wavelength(nm)
+D=0.2552               //diameter(nm)
+theta1=21*%pi/180       //angle(radian)
+theta2=(21+(23/60))*%pi/180       //angle(radian)
+
+//Calculation
+a=D*sqrt(2)            //lattice parameter for regular crystal(nm)
+d111_1=lamda/(2*sin(theta1))
+alpha1=d111_1*sqrt(h**2+k**2+l**2)    //lattice parameter for sample A(nm)
+d111_2=lamda/(2*sin(theta2))
+alpha2=d111_2*sqrt(h**2+k**2+l**2)    //lattice parameter for sample B(nm)
+
+//Result
+printf("\n lattice parameter for regular crystal is %0.4f  nm",a)
+printf("\n lattice parameter for sample A is %0.4f  nm",alpha1)
+printf("\n lattice parameter for sample B is %0.3f  nm",alpha2)
+printf("\n lattice parameter of sample A is 1.75 percent greater than that of pure copper")
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..485dd9561
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+M=55.85         //atomic weight(amu)
+N=6.02*10**26   //avagadro number(kg/mol)
+rho=7870        //density(kg/m**3)    
+a=2.9*10**-10   //lattice constant(m)    
+
+//Calculation 
+n=a**3*rho*N/M     //number of atoms per unit cell
+
+//Result
+printf("\n number of atoms per unit cell is %0.3f  ",n)
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cc7c11063
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+n=8             //number of atoms per unit cell
+a=5.6*10**-10   //lattice constant(m)
+M=710.59        //atomic weight(amu)
+N=6.02*10**26   //avagadro number(kg/mol)
+
+//Calculation
+rho=n*M/(a**3*N)     //density(kg/m**3)    
+
+//Result
+printf("\n density is %0.0f  kg/m**3",rho)
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..16838672d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+n=2             //number of atoms per unit cell
+M=55.85         //atomic weight(amu)
+N=6.02*10**23   //avagadro number(kg/m**3)
+rho=7860        //density(kg/m**3)    
+
+//Calculation 
+a=(n*M/(rho*N))**(1/3)     //lattice constant(m)    
+
+//Result
+printf("\n lattice constant is %0.4f  angstrom",a*10**8)
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3494439c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+n=2             //number of atoms per unit cell
+M=6.94         //atomic weight(amu)
+N=6.02*10**26   //avagadro number(kg/mol)
+rho=530        //density(kg/m**3)    
+
+//Calculation 
+a=(n*M/(rho*N))**(1/3)     //lattice constant(m)    
+
+//Result
+printf("\n lattice constant is %0.3f  angstrom",a*10**10)
+printf("\n answer given in the book varies due to rounding off errors")
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.8/Ex6_8.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.8/Ex6_8.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..485dd9561
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.8/Ex6_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+M=55.85         //atomic weight(amu)
+N=6.02*10**26   //avagadro number(kg/mol)
+rho=7870        //density(kg/m**3)    
+a=2.9*10**-10   //lattice constant(m)    
+
+//Calculation 
+n=a**3*rho*N/M     //number of atoms per unit cell
+
+//Result
+printf("\n number of atoms per unit cell is %0.3f  ",n)
diff --git a/3869/CH6/EX6.9/Ex6_9.sce b/3869/CH6/EX6.9/Ex6_9.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..272340f52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3869/CH6/EX6.9/Ex6_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+clear
+//
+//
+//
+
+//Variable declaration
+r=0.1278*10**-9   //atomic radius(m)
+n=4               //number of atoms per unit cell
+M=63.5            //atomic weight(amu)
+N=6.02*10**26     //avagadro number(kg/mol)
+
+//Calculation
+a=sqrt(8)*r   //lattice constant(m)
+rho=n*M/(a**3*N)   //density(kg/m**3)    
+
+//Result
+printf("\n density is %0.2f  kg/m**3",rho)
+printf("\n answer given in the book is wrong")