diff options
Diffstat (limited to '3863/CH1')
| -rw-r--r-- | 3863/CH1/EX1.1/Ex1_1.sce | 22 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3863/CH1/EX1.15/Ex1_15.sce | 16 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3863/CH1/EX1.16/Ex1_16.sce | 16 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3863/CH1/EX1.17/Ex1_17.sce | 18 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3863/CH1/EX1.18/Ex1_18.sce | 18 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3863/CH1/EX1.2/Ex1_2.sce | 14 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3863/CH1/EX1.20/Ex1_20.sce | 33 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3863/CH1/EX1.28/Ex1_28.sce | 17 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3863/CH1/EX1.29/Ex1_29.sce | 32 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3863/CH1/EX1.3/Ex1_3.sce | 19 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3863/CH1/EX1.30/Ex1_30.sce | 24 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3863/CH1/EX1.31/Ex1_31.sce | 28 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3863/CH1/EX1.32/Ex1_32.sce | 26 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3863/CH1/EX1.33/Ex1_33.sce | 16 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3863/CH1/EX1.4/Ex1_4.sce | 41 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3863/CH1/EX1.5/Ex1_5.sce | 16 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3863/CH1/EX1.6/Ex1_6.sce | 16 |
17 files changed, 372 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/3863/CH1/EX1.1/Ex1_1.sce b/3863/CH1/EX1.1/Ex1_1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..89f476e26 --- /dev/null +++ b/3863/CH1/EX1.1/Ex1_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +clear +// +//Given +//Variable declaration +L=150 //Length of the rod in cm +D=20 //Diameter of the rod in mm +P=20*10**3 //Axial pull in N +E=2.0e5 //Modulus of elasticity in N/sq.mm + +//Calculation +A=(%pi/4)*(D**2) //Area in sq.mm + //case (i):stress +sigma=P/A //Stress in N/sq.mm + //case (ii):strain +e=sigma/E //Strain + //case (iii):elongation of the rod +dL=e*L //Elongation of the rod in cm + +//Result +printf("\n Stress = %0.3f N/mm^2",sigma) +printf("\n Strain = %0.6f ",e) +printf("\n Elongation = %0.4f cm",dL) diff --git a/3863/CH1/EX1.15/Ex1_15.sce b/3863/CH1/EX1.15/Ex1_15.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a5059bfc4 --- /dev/null +++ b/3863/CH1/EX1.15/Ex1_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clear +// + +//Given +//Variable declaration +D1=40 //Larger diameter in mm +D2=20 //Smaller diameter in mm +L=400 //Length of rod in mm +P=5000 //Axial load in N +E=2.1e5 //Youngs modulus in N/sq.mm + +//Calculation +dL=((4*P*L)/(%pi*E*D1*D2)) //extension of rod in mm + +//Result +printf("\n Extension of the rod = %0.3f mm",dL) diff --git a/3863/CH1/EX1.16/Ex1_16.sce b/3863/CH1/EX1.16/Ex1_16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..deb4a4610 --- /dev/null +++ b/3863/CH1/EX1.16/Ex1_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clear +// + +//Given +//Variable declaration +D1=30 //Larger diameter in mm +D2=15 //Smaller diameter in mm +L=350 //Length of rod in mm +P=5.5*10**3 //Axial load in N +dL=0.025 //Extension in mm + +//Calculation +E=int((4*P*L)/(%pi*D1*D2*dL)) //Modulus of elasticity in N/sq.mm + +//Result +printf("\n Modulus of elasticity,E = %.5eN/mm^2",E) diff --git a/3863/CH1/EX1.17/Ex1_17.sce b/3863/CH1/EX1.17/Ex1_17.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d3636286c --- /dev/null +++ b/3863/CH1/EX1.17/Ex1_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +clear +// + +//Given +//Variable declaration +L=2.8*10**3 //Length in mm +t=15 //Thickness in mm +P=40*10**3 //Axial load in N +a=75 //Width at bigger end in mm +b=30 //Width at smaller end in mm +E=2e5 //Youngs Modulus in N/sq.mm + +//Calculation +dL=((((P*L)/(E*t*(a-b)))*((log(a)-log(b))))) //extension of rod in mm + + +//Result +printf("\n Extension of the rod,dL = %0.3f mm",dL) diff --git a/3863/CH1/EX1.18/Ex1_18.sce b/3863/CH1/EX1.18/Ex1_18.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1f0fb9f97 --- /dev/null +++ b/3863/CH1/EX1.18/Ex1_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +clear +// + +//Given +//Variable declaration +dL=0.21 //Extension in mm +L=400 //Length in mm +t=10 //Thickness in mm +a=100 //Width at bigger end in mm +b=50 //Width at smaller end in mm +E=2e5 //Youngs Modulus in N/sq.mm + +//Calculation +P=int(dL/(((L)/(E*t*(a-b)))*((log(a)-log(b)))))*1e-3 //Axial load in kN + + +//Result +printf("\n Axial load = %0.3f kN",P) diff --git a/3863/CH1/EX1.2/Ex1_2.sce b/3863/CH1/EX1.2/Ex1_2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c95c74ef3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3863/CH1/EX1.2/Ex1_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clear +// + +//Given +//variable declaration +P=4000 //Load in N +sigma=95 //Stress in N/sq.mm + +//Calculation +D=(sqrt(P/((%pi/4)*(sigma)))) //Diameter of steel wire in mm + + +//Result +printf("\n Diameter of a steel wire = %0.3f mm",D) diff --git a/3863/CH1/EX1.20/Ex1_20.sce b/3863/CH1/EX1.20/Ex1_20.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..30b18e069 --- /dev/null +++ b/3863/CH1/EX1.20/Ex1_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +clear +// + +//Given +//Variable declaration +Di_s=140 //Internal diameter of steel tube in mm +De_s=160 //External diameter of steel tube in mm +Di_b=160 //Internal diameter of brass tube in mm +De_b=180 //External diameter of brass tube in mm +P=900e3 //Axial load in N +L=140 //Length of each tube in mm +Es=2e5 //Youngs modulus for steel in N/sq.mm +Eb=1e5 //Youngs modulus for brass in N/sq.mm + +//Calculation +As=(%pi/4*(De_s**2-Di_s**2)) //Area of steel tube in sq.mm + +Ab=(%pi/4*(De_b**2-Di_b**2)) //Area of brass tube in sq.mm + +sigmab=(P/(2*As+Ab)) //Stress in steel in N/sq.mm + +sigmas=2*sigmab //Stress in brass in N/sq.mm +Pb=int(sigmab*Ab)*1e-3 //Load carried by brass tube in kN +Ps=(P*1e-3)-(Pb) //Load carried by steel tube in kN +dL=(sigmab/Eb*(L)) //Decrease in length in mm + + +//Result +printf("\n Stress in brass = %0.3f N/mm^2",sigmab) +printf("\n Stress in steel = %0.3f N/mm^2",sigmas) +printf("\n Load carried by brass tube = %0.3f kN",Pb) +printf("\n Load carried by stress tube = %0.3f kN",Ps) +printf("\n Decrease in the length of the compound tube= %0.3f mm",dL) diff --git a/3863/CH1/EX1.28/Ex1_28.sce b/3863/CH1/EX1.28/Ex1_28.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..28bce8d1c --- /dev/null +++ b/3863/CH1/EX1.28/Ex1_28.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +clear +//Given +//Variable declaration +L=2*10**2 //Length of rod in cm +T1=10 //Initial temperature in degree celsius +T2=80 //Final temperature in degree celsius +E=1e5*10**6 //Youngs Modulus in N/sq.m +alpha=0.000012 //Co-efficient of linear expansion + +//Calculation +T=T2-T1 //Rise in temperature in degree celsius +dL=alpha*T*L //Expansion of the rod in cm +sigma=int((alpha*T*E)*1e-6) //Thermal stress in N/sq.mm + +//Result +printf("\n Expansion of the rod = %0.3f cm",dL) +printf("\n Thermal stress = %0.3f N/mm^2",sigma) diff --git a/3863/CH1/EX1.29/Ex1_29.sce b/3863/CH1/EX1.29/Ex1_29.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..abb347fc8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3863/CH1/EX1.29/Ex1_29.sce @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +clear +// + +//Given +//Variable declaration +d=3*10 //Diameter of the rod in mm +L=5*10**3 //Area of the rod in sq.mm +T1=95 //Initial temperature in degree celsius +T2=30 //Final temperature in degree celsius +E=2e5*10**6 //Youngs Modulus in N/sq.m +alpha=12e-6 //Co-efficient of linear expansion in per degree celsius + +//Calculation +A=%pi/4*(d**2) //Area of the rod +T=T1-T2 //Fall in temperature in degree celsius + +//case(i) When the ends do not yield +stress1=int(alpha*T*E*1e-6) //Stress in N/sq.mm +Pull1=(stress1*A) //Pull in the rod in N + + +//case(ii) When the ends yield by 0.12cm +delL=0.12*10 +stress2=int((alpha*T*L-delL)*E/L*1e-6) //Stress in N/sq.mm +Pull2=(stress2*A) //Pull in the rod in N + + +//Result +printf("\n Stress when the ends do not yield = %0.3f N/mm^2",stress1) +printf("\n Pull in the rod when the ends do not yield = %0.3f N",Pull1) +printf("\n Stress when the ends yield = %0.3f N/mm^2",stress2) +printf("\n Pull in the rod when the ends yield = %0.3f N",Pull2) diff --git a/3863/CH1/EX1.3/Ex1_3.sce b/3863/CH1/EX1.3/Ex1_3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5d869ed89 --- /dev/null +++ b/3863/CH1/EX1.3/Ex1_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +clear +// + +//Given +//Variable declaration +D=25 //Diameter of brass rod in mm +P=50*10**3 //Tensile load in N +L=250 //Length of rod in mm +dL=0.3 //Extension of rod in mm + +//Calculation +A=(%pi/4)*(D**2) //Area of rod in sq.mm +sigma=(P/A) //Stress in N/sq.mm + +e=dL/L //Strain +E=(sigma/e) //Youngs Modulus in N/sq.m + +//Result +printf("\n Youngs Modulus of a rod,E = %0.3f GN/m^2",E*(10**-3)) diff --git a/3863/CH1/EX1.30/Ex1_30.sce b/3863/CH1/EX1.30/Ex1_30.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9afac61f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3863/CH1/EX1.30/Ex1_30.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +clear +// +// +//Given +//Variable declaration +Ds=20 //Diameter of steel rod in mm +Di_c=40 //Internal diameter of copper tube in mm +De_c=50 //External diameter of copper tube in mm +Es=200*10**3 //Youngs modulus of steel in N/sq.mm +Ec=100*10**3 //Youngs modulus of copper in N/sq.mm +alpha_s=12e-6 //Co-efficient of linear expansion of steel in per degree celsius +alpha_c=18e-6 //Co-efficient of linear expansion of copper in per degree celsius +T=50 //Rise of temperature in degree celsius + +//Calculation +As=(%pi/4)*(Ds**2) //Area of steel rod in sq.mm +Ac=(%pi/4)*(De_c**2-Di_c**2) //Area of copper tube in sq.mm +sigmac=(((alpha_c-alpha_s)*T)/(((Ac/As)/Es)+(1/Ec))) //Compressive stress in copper +sigmas=(sigmac*(Ac/As)) //Tensile stress in steel + + +//Result +printf("\n Stress in copper = %0.3f N/mm^2",sigmac) +printf("\n Stress in steel = %0.3f N/mm^2",sigmas) diff --git a/3863/CH1/EX1.31/Ex1_31.sce b/3863/CH1/EX1.31/Ex1_31.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..395352333 --- /dev/null +++ b/3863/CH1/EX1.31/Ex1_31.sce @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +clear +// + +//Given +//Variable declaration +Dc=15 //Diameter of copper rod in mm +Di_s=20 //Internal diameter of steel in mm +De_s=30 //External diameter of steel in mm +T1=10 //Initial temperature in degree celsius +T2=200 //Raised temperature in degree celsius +Es=2.1e5 //Youngs modulus of steel in N/sq.mm +Ec=1e5 //Youngs modulus of copper in N/sq.mm +alpha_s=11e-6 //Co-efficient of linear expansion of steel in per degree celsius +alpha_c=18e-6 //Co-efficient of linear expansion of copper in per degree celsius + +//Calculation +Ac=(%pi/4)*Dc**2 //Area of copper tube in sq.mm +As=(%pi/4)*(De_s**2-Di_s**2) //Area of steel rod in sq.mm +T=T2-T1 //Rise of temperature in degree celsius +sigmas=(((alpha_c-alpha_s)*T)/(((As/Ac)/Ec)+(1/Es))) + +sigmac=(sigmas*(As/Ac)) + + +//Result +printf("\n NOTE: The answers in the book for stresses are wrong.The correct answers are,") +printf("\n Stress in steel = %0.3f N/mm^2",sigmas) +printf("\n Stress in copper = %0.3f N/mm^2",sigmac) diff --git a/3863/CH1/EX1.32/Ex1_32.sce b/3863/CH1/EX1.32/Ex1_32.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a41ec9c9e --- /dev/null +++ b/3863/CH1/EX1.32/Ex1_32.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +clear +// +//Given +//Variable declaration +Dg=20 //Diameter of gun metal rod in mm +Di_s=25 //Internal diameter of steel in mm +De_s=30 //External diameter of steel in mm +T1=30 //Temperature in degree celsius +T2=140 //Temperature in degree celsius +Es=2.1e5 //Youngs modulus of steel in N/sq.mm +Eg=1e5 //Youngs modulus of gun metal in N/sq.mm +alpha_s=12e-6 //Co-efficient of linear expansion of steel in per degree celsius +alpha_g=20e-6 //Co-efficient of linear expansion of gun metal in per degree celsius + +//Calculation +Ag=(%pi/4)*Dg**2 //Area of gun metal in sq.mm +As=(%pi/4)*(De_s**2-Di_s**2) //Area of steel in sq.mm +T=T2-T1 //Fall in temperature in degree celsius +sigmag=(((alpha_g-alpha_s)*T)/(((Ag/As)/Es)+(1/Eg))) + +sigmas=(sigmag*(Ag/As)) + + +//Result +printf("\n Stress in gun metal rod = %0.3f N/mm^2",sigmag) +printf("\n Stress in steel = %0.3f N/mm^2",sigmas) diff --git a/3863/CH1/EX1.33/Ex1_33.sce b/3863/CH1/EX1.33/Ex1_33.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b30c10bf3 --- /dev/null +++ b/3863/CH1/EX1.33/Ex1_33.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clear +// + +//Given +//Variable declaration +P=600e3 //Axial load in N +L=20e3 //Length in mm +w=0.00008 //Weight per unit volume in N/sq.mm +A2=400 //Area of bar at lower end in sq.mm + +//Calculation +sigma=int(P/A2) //Uniform stress on the bar in N/sq.mm +A1=(A2*(%e^((w*L/sigma)))) + +//Result +printf("\n Area of the bar at the upper end = %0.3f mm^2",A1) diff --git a/3863/CH1/EX1.4/Ex1_4.sce b/3863/CH1/EX1.4/Ex1_4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e6106d966 --- /dev/null +++ b/3863/CH1/EX1.4/Ex1_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +clear +// + +//Given +//Variable Declaration +D=3 //Diameter of the steel bar in cm +L=20 //Gauge length of the bar in cm +P=250 //Load at elastic limit in kN +dL=0.21 //Extension at a load of 150kN in mm +Tot_ext=60 //Total extension in mm +Df=2.25 //Diameter of the rod at the failure in cm + +//Calculation +A=((%pi/4)*(D**2)) //Area of the rod in sq.m + + +//case (i):Youngs modulus +e=((150*1000)/(7.0685)) //stress in N/sq.m + +sigma=dL/(L*10) //strain +E=((e/sigma)*(10**-5)) //Youngs modulus in GN/sq.m + + +//case (ii):stress at elastic limit +stress=int(((P*1000)/A))*1e-2 //stress at elastic limit in MN/sq.m + + +//case (iii):percentage elongation +Pe=(Tot_ext*1e2)/(L*10) + +//case (iv):percentage decrease in area +Pd=(D**2-Df**2)/D**2*1e2 + + +//Result +printf("\n NOTE:The Youngs Modulus found in the book is incorrect.The correct answer is,") +printf("\n Youngs modulus,E = %0.3f GN/m^2",E) +printf("\n Stress at the elastic limit,Stress = %0.3f MN/m^2",stress) +printf("\n Percentage elongation = %d%%",Pe) + +printf("\n Percentage decrease in area = %.2f%%",Pd) diff --git a/3863/CH1/EX1.5/Ex1_5.sce b/3863/CH1/EX1.5/Ex1_5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..024d60832 --- /dev/null +++ b/3863/CH1/EX1.5/Ex1_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clear +// + +//Given +//Variable declaration +sigma=125*10**6 //Safe stress in N/sq.m +P=2.1*10**6 //Axial load in N +D=0.30 //External diameter in m + +//Calculation + +d=(sqrt((D**2)-P*4/(%pi*sigma)))*1e2 //internal diameter in cm + + +//Result +printf("\n internal diameter = %0.3f cm",d) diff --git a/3863/CH1/EX1.6/Ex1_6.sce b/3863/CH1/EX1.6/Ex1_6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b76750860 --- /dev/null +++ b/3863/CH1/EX1.6/Ex1_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clear +// + +//Given +//Variable declaration +stress=480 //ultimate stress in N/sq.mm +P=1.9*10**6 //Axial load in N +D=200 //External diameter in mm +f=4 //Factor of safety + +//Calculation +sigma=stress/f //Working stress or Permissable stress in N/sq.mm +d=sqrt((D**2)-((P*4)/(%pi*sigma))) //internal diameter in mm + +//Result +printf("\n internal diameter = %0.3f mm",d) |