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+disp("Example 4.16")
+disp("Ast= 4-25dia bars","Asc= 2-25 dia bars","fck=20MPa","fy=415MPa","dd=45mm","d=655mm","b=300mm","Given:")
+disp("xu,max/d=0.479")
+Es=2*10^5
+dd=45
+d=655
+b=300
+fy=415
+fck=20
+Ast=%pi*25*25
+Asc=%pi*25*25*2/4
+xumaxd=0.0035/(0.0055+(0.87*fy/Es))
+xumax=xumaxd*d
+disp("mm",xumax,"xu,max=")
+disp("Assuming for a first approximation fsc=fst=0.87*fy")
+Cuc=0.362*fck*b
+disp("xu N",Cuc,"Cuc=")
+Cus=(0.87*fy-0.447*fck)*Asc
+disp("N",Cus,"Cus=")
+Tu=0.87*fy*Ast
+disp("N",Tu,"Tu=")
+disp("Considering force equilibrium:Cuc+Cus = Tu")
+xu=(Tu-Cus)/Cuc
+disp("mm",xu,"xu=")
+disp("xu<xu,max, therefore, the assumption fst=0.87*fy is justified")
+disp("Further Esc= 0.0035*(1-dd/xu)")
+Esc= 0.0035*(1-dd/xu)
+disp(Esc,"Esc=")
+disp("For Fe415, Ey=0.87*fy/Es +0.002")
+Ey=0.87*fy/Es +0.002
+disp(Ey,"Ey=")
+disp("As, Esc<Ey the assumption fsc=0.87*fy is not justified whereby the calculated value of Cus and henec of xy =167.3mm is alos not correct. the correct value has to be obtained iteratively using strain compatibility")
+disp("FIRST CYCLE")
+disp("Assuming Esc=0.00256")
+//according to the table 3.2, interpolating the values
+//for Esc=0.00241 fst=342.8
+//for Esc=0.00276 fst = 351.8
+fst1=342.8
+fst2=351.8
+fsc=fst1+((fst2-fst1)*((Esc*10^5-241)/(276-241)))
+disp("MPa",fsc,"fsc=")
+Cus=(fsc-0.447*fck)*Asc
+disp("N",Cus,"Cus=")
+xu=(Tu-Cus)/Cuc
+disp("mm",xu,"xu=")
+Esc1= 0.0035*(1-dd/xu)
+disp(Esc1,"Esc=")
+
+disp("SECOND CYCLE")
+disp("Assuming Esc=0.00259")
+//according to the table 3.2, interpolating the values
+//for Esc=0.00241 fst=342.8
+//for Esc=0.00276 fst = 351.8
+fst1=342.8
+fst2=351.8
+fsc1=fst1+((fst2-fst1)*((Esc1*10^5-241)/(276-241)))
+disp("MPa",fsc1,"fsc=")
+Cus1=(fsc1-0.447*fck)*Asc
+disp("N",Cus1,"Cus=")
+xu1=(Tu-Cus1)/Cuc
+disp("mm",xu1,"xu=")
+
+disp("Taking xu=173.4mm")
+MuR=(Cuc*xu1*(d-0.416*xu1)+Cus1*(d-dd))/10^6
+disp("kNm",MuR,"MuR=")
+