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-rw-r--r--3754/CH25/EX25.1/25_1.sce28
-rw-r--r--3754/CH25/EX25.10/25_10.sce22
-rw-r--r--3754/CH25/EX25.11/25_11.sce14
-rw-r--r--3754/CH25/EX25.12/25_12.sce23
-rw-r--r--3754/CH25/EX25.2/25_2.sce27
-rw-r--r--3754/CH25/EX25.3/25_3.sce20
-rw-r--r--3754/CH25/EX25.4/25_4.sce27
-rw-r--r--3754/CH25/EX25.5/25_5.sce26
-rw-r--r--3754/CH25/EX25.6/25_6.sce22
-rw-r--r--3754/CH25/EX25.7/25_7.sce26
-rw-r--r--3754/CH25/EX25.8/25_8.sce30
-rw-r--r--3754/CH25/EX25.9/25_9.sce27
12 files changed, 292 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/3754/CH25/EX25.1/25_1.sce b/3754/CH25/EX25.1/25_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..efd4df216
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3754/CH25/EX25.1/25_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+clear//
+
+//Variables
+
+R1 = 6.0 //Resistance (in ohm)
+R2 = 4.0 //Resistance (in ohm)
+R3 = 4.0 //Resistance (in ohm)
+
+//Calculation
+//Let i1 = 10 A and v2 = 10 V.
+i1 = 10.0 //Assumed current (in Ampere)
+v2 = 10.0 //Assumed voltage (in volts)
+//Parameters h11 and h21
+
+h11 = R1 + R2 * R3/(R2 + R3) //Input resistance looking from the input terminals (in ohm)
+i2 = -i1 / 2 //Current2 (in Ampere)
+h21 = i2/i1 //h21
+
+//Parameters h12 and h22
+
+v1 = v2/2 //Voltage1 (in volts)
+h12 = v1 / v2 //h12
+rnet = R2 + R3 //Output resistance (in ohm)
+h22 = 1/rnet //h22 (in mhos)
+
+//Result
+
+printf("\n h11 : %0.3f \n h21 : %0.3f \n h12 : %0.3f \n h22 : %0.3f ",h11,h21,h12,h22)
diff --git a/3754/CH25/EX25.10/25_10.sce b/3754/CH25/EX25.10/25_10.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ed97991c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3754/CH25/EX25.10/25_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+clear//
+
+//Variables
+
+RB = 330.0 * 10**3 //Base resistance (in ohm)
+RC = 2.7 * 10**3 //Collector resistance (in ohm)
+hfe = 120.0 //current gain
+hie = 1.175 * 10**3 //hie (in ohm)
+hoe = 20 * 10**-6 //hoe (in Ampere per volt)
+
+//Calculation
+
+Ri = hie //Input resistance of transistor (in ohm)
+Ris = hie * RB /(hie + RB) //Input resistance of the circuit (in ohm)
+Ro = 1 / hoe //Output resistance of transistor (in ohm)
+Ros = Ro * RC / (Ro + RC) //Output resistance of the circuit (in ohm)
+Ai = hfe //Current gain of the circuit
+Avs = Ai * RC / Ri //Overall voltage gain
+
+//Result
+
+printf("\n Input resistance of the circuit is %0.2f kilo-ohm.\nOutput resistance of the circuit is %0.2f kilo-ohm.\nCurrent gain of the circuit is %0.3f .\nVoltage gain of the circuit is %0.1f .",Ris*10**-3,Ros*10**-3,Ai,Avs)
diff --git a/3754/CH25/EX25.11/25_11.sce b/3754/CH25/EX25.11/25_11.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d58a64ada
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3754/CH25/EX25.11/25_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+clear//
+
+//Variables
+
+hfe = 50.0 //Current gain
+
+//Calculation
+
+hfb = -hfe / (1 + hfe) //hfb
+hfc = -(1 + hfe) //hfc
+
+//Result
+
+printf("\n Value of hfb = %0.2f .\nValue of hfc = %0.3f .",hfb,hfc)
diff --git a/3754/CH25/EX25.12/25_12.sce b/3754/CH25/EX25.12/25_12.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..117e6db5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3754/CH25/EX25.12/25_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+clear//
+
+//Variables
+
+hie = 1100.0 //hie (in ohm)
+hre = 2.5 * 10**-4 //hre
+hfe = 50.0 //Current gain
+hoe = 24.0 * 10**-6 //hoe (in Ampere per volt)
+rL=10.0*10**3;RL=10.0*10**3;
+RS = 1.0 * 10**3 //Source resistance (in ohm)
+
+//Calculation
+
+hic = hie //hic (in ohm)
+hrc = (1 - hre) //hrc
+hfc = -(1 + hfe) //hfc
+Ai = -(hfc/(1 + hoe * rL)) //Current gain
+Ri = hic + hrc * Ai * rL //Input resistance (in ohm)
+Av = Ai * rL / Ri //Voltage gain
+
+//Result
+
+printf("\n Current gain is %0.1f .\nInput resistance is %0.1f kilo-ohm.\nVoltage gain is %0.3f .",Ai,Ri*10**-3,Av)
diff --git a/3754/CH25/EX25.2/25_2.sce b/3754/CH25/EX25.2/25_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3237ecd4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3754/CH25/EX25.2/25_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+clear//
+
+//Variables
+
+hie = 1.0 * 10**3 //hie (in ohm)
+hre = 1.0 * 10**-4 //hre
+hoe = 100.0 * 10**-6 //hoe (in mho)
+RC = 1.0 * 10**3 //Collector resistance (in ohm)
+RS = 1000.0 //Source resistance (in ohm)
+hfe=50.0;beta=50.0;
+
+//Calculation
+
+rL = RC //a.c. load resistance (in ohm)
+Ai = -hfe /(1 + hoe * rL) //Current gain of a transistor
+Ri = hie + hre * Ai * rL //Input resistance looking directly into the base (in ohm)
+Ris = Ri //Iput resistance of the amplified stage (in ohm)
+dh = hie * hoe - hre * hfe //Change in h
+Ro = (RS + hie)/(RS * hoe + dh) //Output resistance looking directly into collector (in ohm)
+Ros = Ro * rL /(Ro + rL) //Output resistance of the amplified stage (in ohm)
+Ais = Ai * RS / (RS + Ris) //Current gain of amplified stage
+Av = Ai * rL / Ri //Voltage gain of transistor
+Avs = Av * Ris / (RS + Ris) //Voltage gain of amplified stage
+
+//Result
+
+printf("\n Input resistance of the amplifier stage is %0.0f ohm.\nOutput resistance of amplifier stage is %0.0f ohm.\nCurrent gain of amplified stage is %0.1f \nVoltage gain of amplifier stage is %0.1f .",Ris,Ros,Ais,Avs)
diff --git a/3754/CH25/EX25.3/25_3.sce b/3754/CH25/EX25.3/25_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..254b54a17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3754/CH25/EX25.3/25_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+clear//
+
+//Variables
+
+hie = 1.1 * 10**3 //hie (in ohm)
+hre = 2.5 * 10**-4 //hre
+hoe = 25.0 * 10**-6 //hoe (in mho)
+RS = 1000.0 //Source resistance (in ohm)
+hfe=50.0;beta=50.0;
+rL = 1000.0 //ac.c load resistance (in ohm)
+
+//Calculation
+
+Ai = hfe /(1 + hoe * rL) //Current gain of a transistor
+Ri = hie + hre * Ai * rL //Input impedance (in ohm)
+Av = Ai * rL / Ri //Voltage gain
+
+//Result
+
+printf("\n Current gain is %0.2f \nInput impedance is %0.1f \nVoltage gain is %0.2f ",Ai,Ri,Av)
diff --git a/3754/CH25/EX25.4/25_4.sce b/3754/CH25/EX25.4/25_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..603aa716c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3754/CH25/EX25.4/25_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+clear//
+
+//Variables
+
+RC = 4.0 * 10**3 //Collector resistance (in ohm)
+RB = 40.0 * 10**3 //Base resistance (in ohm)
+RS = 10.0 * 10**3 //Source resistance (in ohm)
+hie = 1100.0 //hie (in ohm)
+hfe = 50.0 //hfe
+hre=0;hoe=0;dh=0;
+
+//Calculation
+
+RB2 = RB //Resistance (in kilo-ohm)
+rL = RC * RB2 /(RC +RB2) //a.c. load resistance (in ohm)
+Ai = -hfe //Current gain
+Ri = hie //Input resistance of the amplifier looking into the base (in ohm)
+Av = Ai * rL / Ri //Voltage gain
+RB1 = RB/(1 - Av) //Resistance (in ohm)
+Ris = Ri * RB1 / (Ri + RB1) //Input resistance looking from source terminals (in ohm)
+Ro = "infinite" //Output resistance (in ohm)
+Ros = rL //Output resistance of the stage (in ohm)
+Avs = Av * Ris / (RS + Ris) //Voltage gain of the stage
+
+//Result
+
+printf("\n Voltage gain is %0.1f .\nInput resistance is %0.0f ohm.\nOutput resistance is %0.0f ohm.",Avs,Ris,Ros)
diff --git a/3754/CH25/EX25.5/25_5.sce b/3754/CH25/EX25.5/25_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..43bbf300c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3754/CH25/EX25.5/25_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+clear//
+
+//Variables
+
+hie = 1.1 * 10**3 //hie (in ohm)
+hre = 2.5 * 10**-4 //hre
+hoe = 25.0 * 10**-6 //hoe (in mho)
+RS = 10000.0 //Source resistance (in ohm)
+hfe=50.0;beta=50.0;
+rL = 1000.0 //ac.c load resistance (in ohm)
+RB = 200.0 * 10**3 //Feedback resistor (in ohm)
+RC = 5.0 * 10**3 //Collector resistance (in ohm)
+
+//Calculation
+
+rL = RC * RB / (RC + RB) //a.c. load resistance (in ohm)
+Ai = hfe /(1 + hoe * rL) //Current gain
+Ri = hie + hre * Ai * rL //Input resistance of the amplifier looking into the base (in ohm)
+Av = Ai * rL / Ri //Voltage gain
+RB1 = RB/(1 - (-17.4)) //Resistance (in ohm)
+Ris = Ri * RB1 / (Ri + RB1) //Input resistance looking from source terminals (in ohm)
+Avs = Av * Ris / (RS + Ris) //Voltage gain of the stage
+
+//Result
+
+printf("\n Ai is %0.2f \nAv is %0.2f \nAvs is %0.1f \nRi is %0.3f kilo-ohm.",Ai,Av,Avs,Ri*10**-3)
diff --git a/3754/CH25/EX25.6/25_6.sce b/3754/CH25/EX25.6/25_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..887f3fc6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3754/CH25/EX25.6/25_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+clear//
+
+//Variables
+
+hib = 28.0 //hib (in ohm)
+hfb = -0.98 //hfb
+hrb = 5.0 * 10**-4 //hrb
+hob = 0.34 * 10**-6 //hoh (in Siemen)
+rL = 1.2 * 10**3 //a.c. load resistance (in ohm)
+RS = 0.0 //Source resistance (in ohm)
+
+//Calculation
+
+Ai = -(hfb/(1 + hob * rL)) //Current gain
+Ri = hib + hrb * Ai * rL //Input resistance (in ohm)
+dh = hib * hob - hrb * hfb //change in h
+Ro = (RS + hib)/(RS*hib + dh)//Output resistance (in ohm)
+Av = Ai * rL / Ri //Voltage gain
+
+//Result
+
+printf("\n The value of input resistance is %0.1f ohm.\nThe value of output resistance is %0.0f kilo-ohm.\nThe value of current gain is %0.2f .\nThe value of voltage gain is %0.0f .",Ri,Ro*10**-3,Ai,Av)
diff --git a/3754/CH25/EX25.7/25_7.sce b/3754/CH25/EX25.7/25_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a1cd238a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3754/CH25/EX25.7/25_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+clear//
+
+//Variables
+
+hic = 2.0 * 10**3 //hic (in ohm)
+hfc = -51.0 //hfe
+hrc = 1.0 //hrc
+hoc = 25.0 * 10**-6 //hoc (in mho)
+rL=5.0*10**3;RE=5.0*10**3;
+RS = 1.0 * 10**3 //Source resistance (in ohm)
+R1=10.0*10**3;R2=10.0*10**3;
+
+//Calculation
+
+Ai = -hfc / (1 + hoc * rL) //Current gain
+Ri = hic + hrc * Ai * rL //Input resistance (in ohm)
+Ris = (R1*R2*Ri)/(Ri*R1 + Ri*R2 + R1*R2) //Input resistance of the amplified stage (in ohm)
+Ro = -(RS + hic)/hfc //Output resistance (in ohm)
+Ros = Ro * RE / (Ro + RE) //Input resistance of the amplified stage (in ohm)
+Ais = Ai * RS / (RS + Ris) //Current gain of amplified stage
+Av = Ai * rL / Ri //Voltage gain
+Avs = Av * Ris / (RS + Ris) //Voltage gain of amplified stage
+
+//Result
+
+printf("\n The value of input resistance of amplified stage is %0.0f ohm.\nThe value of output resistance of amplified stage is %0.f kilo-ohm.\nThe value of current gain of amplified stage is %0.1f .\nThe value of voltage gain of amplified stage is %0.3f .",Ris,abs(Ros),Ais,Avs)
diff --git a/3754/CH25/EX25.8/25_8.sce b/3754/CH25/EX25.8/25_8.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f6af109e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3754/CH25/EX25.8/25_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+clear//
+
+//Variables
+
+hie = 1500.0 //hie (in ohm)
+hfe = 50.0 //hfe
+hre = 50.0 * 10**-4 //hre
+hoe = 20.0 * 10**-6 //hoe
+R1 = 20.0 * 10**3 //Resistance (in ohm)
+R2 = 10.0 * 10**3 //Resistance (in ohm)
+RC = 5.0 * 10**3 //Collector resistance (in ohm)
+RE = 1.0 * 10**3 //Emitter resistance (in ohm)
+RL = 10.0 * 10**3 //Load resistance (in ohm)
+RS = 0 //Source resistance (in ohm)
+
+//Calculation
+
+Ai = -hfe
+rL = RC * RL /(RC + RL) //a.c. load resistance (in ohm)
+Ri = hie //Input resistance (in ohm)
+Ris = (R1*R2*Ri)/(Ri*R1 + Ri*R2 + R1*R2) //Input resistance of the amplified stage (in ohm)
+Ro = 1 / hoe //Output resistance (in ohm)
+Ros = Ro * rL /(Ro + rL) //Output resistance of the stage (in ohm)
+Av = Ai * rL / Ri //Voltage gain
+Avs = Av * Ris / (RS + Ris) //Voltage gain of the stage
+Ais = Ai //Current gain of the stage
+
+//Result
+
+printf("\n Input resistance of the stage is %0.2f kilo-ohm.\nOutput resistance of the stage is %0.1f kilo-ohm.\nVoltage gain of the stage is %0.0f .\nCurrent gain of the stage is %0.3f .",Ris*10**-3,Ros*10**-3,Avs,Ai)
diff --git a/3754/CH25/EX25.9/25_9.sce b/3754/CH25/EX25.9/25_9.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4f65ec2b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/3754/CH25/EX25.9/25_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+clear//
+
+//Variables
+
+RC = 12.0 * 10**3 //Collector resistance (in ohm)
+RL = 4.7 * 10**3 //Load resistance (in ohm)
+R1 = 33.0 * 10**3 //Resistance (in ohm)
+R2 = 4.7 * 10**3 //Resistance (in ohm)
+IC = 1.0 * 10**-3 //Collector current (in Ampere)
+hiemin = 1.0 * 10**3 //hie minimum (in ohm)
+hiemax = 5.0 * 10**3 //hie maximum (in ohm)
+hfemin = 70.0 //Current gain minimum
+hfemax = 350.0 //Current gain maximum
+
+//Calculation
+
+hie = (hiemin * hiemax)**0.5 //hie (in ohm)
+hfe = (hfemin * hfemax)**0.5 //current gain
+Ri = hie //input resistance (in ohm)
+Ris = (R1*R2*Ri)/(Ri*R1+Ri*R2+R1*R2) //Input resistance of the amplified stage (in ohm)
+Ai = hfe //Current gain of transistor
+rL = RC * RL / (RC + RL) //a.c. load resistance (in ohm)
+Avs=Ai*rL/Ri;Av=Ai*rL/Ri;
+
+//Result
+
+printf("\n Input impedance is %0.2f kilo-ohm.\nOverall voltage gain is %0.1f .",Ris*10**-3,Avs)
generated by cgit (git 2.34.1) at 2024-12-22 17:01:01 +0000