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+//Fluid Systems - By - Shiv Kumar
+//Chapter 12- Reciprocating Pumps
+//Example 12.9
+//To Determine the Pressure on the Cylinder at the Begining of the Stroke        (a)When no air vessel is fitted,         (b)When air vessel is fitted at the cylinder level.
+
+        clc
+         clear
+           
+//Given Data:-
+        d_s=150;       //Diameter of Suction Pipe, mm
+        l_s=12;        //Length of Suction pipe, m
+        H_s=3;       //Suction Head, m
+        D=225;       //Cylinder Diameter, mm
+        L_s=375;        //Stroke Length, mm
+        L=1.5;        //Length of Connecting Rod, m
+        N=20;       //Crank Speed, rpm
+        l_v=1.5;     //m
+        f=0.04;      //Co-efficient of friction
+
+//Data Used:-
+      g=9.81;       //Acceleration due to gravity, m/s^2
+
+//Computations:-
+         d_s=d_s/1000;     //m
+         D=D/1000;       //m
+         L_s=L_s/1000;      //m
+
+         a_s=(%pi/4)*d_s^2;      //m^2
+         A=(%pi/4)*D^2;      //m^2
+         omega=2*%pi*N/60;       //rad/s
+          r=L_s/2;       //m
+
+          printf("Without Air Vessel : \n\t")
+           //(i) Assuming Simple Harmonic Motion :
+                   printf("(i) Assuming Simple Harmonic Motion\n\t\t")  
+                    H_as=(l_s/g)*(A/a_s)*omega^2*r;       //m of water
+                    H=H_s+H_as;      //Pressure at the begining of stroke, m of water (vaccum)
+           //Result (a) (i)
+                printf(" Pressure at the begining of stroke=%.2f m of water (vaccum) \n\t",H)        //The answer vary due to round off error
+
+          //(ii) If Simple Harmonic Motion is not assumed :
+                  printf(" (ii) If Simple Harmonic Motion is not assumed : \n\t\t")
+                   H_as=H_as*(1+r/L);     
+                   H=H_s+H_as;      //Pressure at the begining of stroke, m of water (vaccum)
+           //Result (a) (ii)
+                printf(" Pressure at the begining of stroke=%.3f m of water (vaccum) \n\n",H)       //The answer vary due to round off error 
+      
+
+     //(b) When Air Vessel is fitted
+          printf(" When Air Vessel is fitted : \n\t")
+
+              Us=(A/a_s)*L_s*N/60;      //m/s
+              h_fs=(f*(l_s-l_v)/d_s)*(Us^2/(2*g));      //m of water
+
+           //(i) Assuming Simple Harmonic Motion :
+                   printf("(i) Assuming Simple Harmonic Motion\n\t\t")
+                    H_as=(l_v/g)*(A/a_s)*omega^2*r;       //m of water (vaccum)
+                    H=H_s+H_as+h_fs;      //Total Pressure Head in the Cylinder, m of water below atmospheric
+         //Result (b) (i)
+                printf(" Total Pressure Head in the Cylinder =%.4f m of water below atmospheric or vaccum \n\t",H)        //The answer vary due to round off error
+
+          //(ii) If Simple Harmonic Motion is not assumed :
+                  printf(" (ii) If Simple Harmonic Motion is not assumed : \n\t\t")
+                   H_as=H_as*(1+r/L);     
+                   H=H_s+H_as+h_fs;      // Total Pressure Head in the Cylinder , m of water below atmospheric
+          //Result (b) (ii)
+                printf(" Total Pressure Head in the Cylinder =%.4f m of water below atmospheric \n",H)        //The answer vary due to round off error
+      
+
+
+