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+//Chapter 10:Traction Drives
+//Example 3
+clc;
+
+//Variable Initialization
+G=8       //up gradient
+r=25      //train resistance N/tonne
+M=500     //mass of the electric train in tonne
+n=0.8     //combine effiency of transmission and motor
+
+//Speed-Time curve characteristics
+t1=60       //characteristic for uniform accelaration at v1 in sec
+alpha=2.5   //given accelaration in km/hr/sec at t1
+t2=5*60     //characteristic for constant speed in sec 
+t3=3*60     //characteristic for coasting in sec
+B=3         //dynamic braking deceleration in km/hr/sec
+
+//Solution
+Vm=alpha*t1  //peak voltage in V
+Fg=9.81*M*G  //tractive effort required to overcome the force of gravity
+Fr=M*r       //tractive effort required to overcome the train resistance
+F_bc=Fg+Fr   //retarding force during coasting in N
+
+Me=1.1*M
+B_c=F_bc/(277.8*Me)   //deceleration during coasting in metre per second square
+V=Vm-B_c*t3           //speed after coasting in m/s
+t4=V/B                //characteristic for a dynamic braking of 3km/hr/sec
+
+d1=1/2*Vm*t1/3600     //distance covered during accelaration 
+d2=Vm*t2/3600         //distance covered during constant speed
+d3=1/2*(Vm+V)*t3/3600 //distance covered coasting
+d4=1/2*V*t4/3600      //distance covered during braking
+D=d1+d2+d3+d4         //distance during stops
+D1=d1+d2
+x=D1/D
+y=1-x
+E=(0.01072*Vm**2/D)*(Me/M)+2.725*G*x+0.2778*r*x   //specific energy output in Whptpkm
+Eo=E/n    //specific energy consumption in Whptpkm
+
+//Result
+mprintf("\n Specific energy consumption is : Eo= %.1f Whptpkm",Eo)