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+clc
+d1 = 2 // Diameter of steel rod in cm
+d2 = 16 // Diameter of cylindrical furnace in cm
+e1 = 0.6 // emissivity of inner surface
+e2 = 0.85 // emissivity of rod surface
+T = 1093 // Inner surface temperature of furncae in degree celcius
+Tr1 = 427 // Initial temperature of rod in degree celcius
+Tr2 = 538 // Initial temperature of rod in degree celcius
+sigma = 5.67e-8 // Constant
+rho = 7845 // density in kg/ m^3
+c = 0.67 // Specific heat capacity in kJ/kgK
+printf("\n Example 18.11\n")
+A_ratio = d1/d2 // Surface area ratio of cylindrical bodies
+F12 = (1/((1/e1)+(A_ratio*(1/e2 -1))))
+A1 = %pi*d1*1e-2*1 // Surface area of rod
+T1 = Tr1+273
+T2 = T +273
+T3 = Tr2 +273
+Qi = sigma*A1*F12*(T1^4-T2^4)
+Qe = sigma*A1*F12*(T3^4-T2^4)
+
+Q_avg = abs((Qi+Qe)/2)
+tau = rho*c*(1e-4)*%pi*(Tr2-Tr1)/(Q_avg*(1e-3))
+
+// Time required for heating operation 
+printf("\n Time required for heating operation is %f s",tau)
+
+//The answers vary due to round off error
diff --git a/3685/CH18/EX18.11/Ex18_11.txt b/3685/CH18/EX18.11/Ex18_11.txt
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+ 
+ Example 18.11
+
+ Time required for heating operation is 27.621984 s 
+\ No newline at end of file