diff options
Diffstat (limited to '3651/CH6')
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.1/1.sce | 18 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.10/10.sce | 15 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.11/11.sce | 10 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.12/12.sce | 13 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.13/13.sce | 13 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.14/14.sce | 15 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.15/15.sce | 23 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.16/16.sce | 17 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.17/17.sce | 10 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.18/18.sce | 10 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.19/19.sce | 18 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.2/2.sce | 27 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.20/20.sce | 13 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.21/21.sce | 16 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.22/22.sce | 11 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.3/3.sce | 13 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.4/4.sce | 18 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.5/5.sce | 17 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.6/6.sce | 22 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.7/7.sce | 15 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.8/8.sce | 13 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 3651/CH6/EX6.9/9.sce | 11 |
22 files changed, 338 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.1/1.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.1/1.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e8d453386 --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.1/1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Variable declaration
+ni1=2.5*10**19; //number of electron hole pairs
+T1=300; //temperature(K)
+Eg1=0.72*1.6*10**-19; //energy gap(J)
+k=1.38*10**-23; //boltzmann constant
+T2=310; //temperature(K)
+Eg2=1.12*1.6*10**-19; //energy gap(J)
+
+//Calculation
+x1=-Eg1/(2*k*T1);
+y1=(T1**(3/2))*exp(x1);
+x2=-Eg2/(2*k*T2);
+y2=(T2**(3/2))*exp(x2);
+ni=ni1*(y2/y1); //number of electron hole pairs
+
+//Result
+printf('number of electron hole pairs is %0.3f *10**16 per cubic metre \n',(ni/10**16))
+printf('answer varies due to ing off errors')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.10/10.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.10/10.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..24099ea53 --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.10/10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Variable declaration
+m=9.1*10**-31
+k=1.38*10**-23
+T=300
+h=6.626*10**-34
+Eg=1.1
+e=1.6*10**-19
+mu_e=0.48
+mu_h=0.013
+//Calculations
+ni=2*((2*%pi*m*k*T)/h**2)**(3/2)*exp(-(Eg*e)/(2*k*T))
+sigma=ni*e*(mu_e+mu_h)
+
+//Result
+printf('Conductivity = %0.3f *10**-3 ohm**-1 m**-1 \n',(sigma*10**3))
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.11/11.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.11/11.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e4798b1ca --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.11/11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Variable declaration
+Na=5*10**23
+Nd=3*10**23
+ni=2*10**16
+//Calculations
+p=((Na-Nd)+(Na-Nd))/2
+
+//Result
+printf('p = %0.3f *10**23 m**-3 \n',p*10**-23)
+printf('The electron concentration is given by n = %0.3f *10**9 m**-3 \n',ni**2/p*10**-9)
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.12/12.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.12/12.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..219717bec --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.12/12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +
+//Variable declaration
+Vh=37*10**-6
+thick=1*10**-3
+width=5
+Iy=20*10**-3
+Bz=0.5
+
+//Calculations
+Rh=(Vh*width*thick)/(width*Iy*Bz)
+
+//Result
+printf('Rh = %0.3f *10**-6 C**-1 m**3 \n',(Rh*10**6))
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.13/13.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.13/13.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..78d593d1d --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.13/13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +
+//Variable declaration
+Vt=0.0258
+mu_n=1300
+mu_p=500
+
+//Calculations
+Dn=Vt*mu_n
+Dp=Vt*mu_p
+
+//Result
+printf('Dn = %0.3f cm**2 s**-1 \n',Dn)
+printf('Dp = %0.3f cm**2 s**-1 \n',Dp)
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.14/14.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.14/14.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3bd13128e --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.14/14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +
+//Variable declaration
+ni=1.5*10**16
+Nd=2*10**19
+e=1.602*100**-19
+mu_n=0.12
+
+//Calculations
+p=ni**2/Nd
+E_c=e*Nd*mu_n
+
+//Result
+printf('The hole concentration p = %0.3f *10**13 /m**3 \n',(p*10**-13))
+printf('n= Nd = %0.3f *10**19 \n',(Nd*10**-19))
+printf('Electrical Conductivity = %0.3f ohm**-1 m**-1 \n',(E_c*10**19))
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.15/15.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.15/15.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a485872b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.15/15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +
+//Variable declaration
+N=1/60
+e=1.6*10**-19
+ni=2.5*10**13
+b=5*10**13
+E=2
+
+//Calculations
+n=(b+sqrt(2*b**2))/2
+mu_p=N/(3*e*ni)
+mu_i=2*mu_p
+np=ni**2
+p=(ni**2)/n
+e=1.6*10**-19
+E=2
+J=(e*E)*((n*mu_i)+(p*mu_p))
+//Result
+printf('mu_p= %0.3f cm**2/V-s \n',(mu_p))
+printf('n= %0.3f *10**13/cm**3 \n',(n/10**13))
+printf('p= %0.3f *10**13/cm**3 \n',(p*10**-13))
+printf('J= %0.3f A/m**2 \n',(J*10**4))
+printf('//Answer varies due to ing of numbers')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.16/16.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.16/16.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f2853f1e4 --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.16/16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +
+//Variable declaration
+rho=47*10**-2
+e=1.6*10**-19
+mu_n=0.39
+mu_p=0.19
+E=10**4
+
+//Calculations
+ni=1/(rho*e*(mu_n+mu_p))
+Dh=mu_p*E
+De=mu_n*E
+
+//Results
+printf('ni = %0.3f *10**19 /m**3 \n',(ni/10**19))
+printf('Drift velocity of holes %0.3f ms**-1 \n',Dh)
+printf('Drift velocity of electrons= %0.3f ms**-1 \n',De)
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.17/17.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.17/17.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..63dc3ec29 --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.17/17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Variable declaration
+H0=64*10**3; //initial field(ampere/m)
+T=5; //temperature(K)
+Tc=7.26; //transition temperature(K)
+
+//Calculation
+H=H0*(1-(T/Tc)**2); //critical field(ampere/m)
+
+//Result
+printf('critical field is %0.3f *10**3 ampere/m \n',(H/10**3))
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.18/18.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.18/18.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..23d2c3241 --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.18/18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Variable declaration
+e=1.6*10**-19
+V=1*10
+h=6.625*10**-34
+
+//Calculations
+v=(2*e*V**-3)/h
+
+//Result
+printf('Frequency of generated microwaves= %0.3f *10**9 Hz \n',(v/10**9))
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.19/19.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.19/19.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b924cae36 --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.19/19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Variable declaration
+d=7300 //density in (kg/m**3)
+N=6.02*10**26 //Avagadro Number
+A=118.7 //Atomic Weight
+E=1.9 //Effective mass
+e=1.6*10**-19
+
+//Calculations
+n=(d*N)/A
+m=E*9.1*10**-31
+x=4*%pi*10**-7*n*e**2
+lamda_L=sqrt(m/x)
+
+//Result
+printf('Number of electrons per unit volume = %0.3f *10**28/m**3 \n',(n/10**28))
+printf('Effective mass of electron m = %0.3f *10*-31 kg \n',(m*10**31))
+printf('Penetration depth = %0.3f Angstroms \n',lamda_L*10**8)
+printf('//The answer given in the text book is wrong')
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.2/2.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.2/2.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..434606dd8 --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.2/2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//Variable declaration
+w=72.6; //atomic weight
+d=5400; //density(kg/m**3)
+Na=6.025*10**26; //avagadro number
+mew_e=0.4; //mobility of electron(m**2/Vs)
+mew_h=0.2; //mobility of holes(m**2/Vs)
+e=1.6*10**-19;
+m=9.108*10**-31; //mass(kg)
+ni=2.1*10**19; //number of electron hole pairs
+Eg=0.7; //band gap(eV)
+k=1.38*10**-23; //boltzmann constant
+h=6.625*10**-34; //plancks constant
+T=300; //temperature(K)
+
+//Calculation
+sigmab=ni*e*(mew_e+mew_h); //intrinsic conductivity(ohm-1 m-1)
+rhob=1/sigmab; //resistivity(ohm m)
+n=Na*d/w; //number of germanium atoms per m**3
+p=n/10**5; //boron density
+sigma=p*e*mew_h;
+rho=1/sigma;
+
+//Result
+printf('intrinsic conductivity is %0.3f *10**4 ohm-1 m-1 \n',(sigma/10**4))
+printf('intrinsic resistivity is %0.3f *10**-4 ohm m \n',(rho*10**4))
+printf('answer varies due to ing off errors')
+printf('number of germanium atoms per m**3 is %0.3f *10**28 \n',(n/10**28))
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.20/20.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.20/20.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..44470f0e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.20/20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +
+//Variable declaration
+lamda_L1=39.6*10**-9
+lamda_L2=173*10**-9
+T1=7.1
+T2=3
+
+//Calculations
+x=(lamda_L1/lamda_L2)**2
+Tc4=(T1**4)-((T2**4)*x)/(1-x)
+Tc=(Tc4)**(1/4)
+printf('Tc = %0.3f K \n',(Tc))
+printf('lamda0= %0.3f nm \n',((sqrt(1-(T2/Tc)**4)*lamda_L1)*10**9))
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.21/21.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.21/21.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e248de8b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.21/21.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +
+//Variable declaration
+H0=6.5*10**4 //(ampere/metre)
+T=4.2 //K
+Tc=7.18 //K
+r=0.5*10**-3
+
+//Calculations
+Hc=H0*(1-(T/Tc)**2)
+Ic=(2*%pi*r)*Hc
+A=%pi*r**2
+Jc=Ic/A //Critical current density
+
+//Result
+printf('Hc = %0.3f *10**4 \n',(Hc/10**4))
+printf('Critical current density,Jc = %0.3f *10**8 ampere/metre**2 \n',(Jc/10**8))
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.22/22.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.22/22.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5d86b7187 --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.22/22.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +
+//Variable declaration
+Tc1=4.185
+M1=199.5
+M2=203.4
+
+//Calculations
+Tc2=Tc1*(M1/M2)**(1/2)
+
+//Result
+printf('New critical temperature for mercury = %0.3f K \n',(Tc2))
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.3/3.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.3/3.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bd2ec451d --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.3/3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +
+//Variable declaration
+e=1.6*10**-19;
+RH=3.66*10**-4; //hall coefficient(m**3/coulomb)
+sigma=112; //conductivity(ohm-1 m-1)
+
+//Calculation
+ne=3*%pi/(8*RH*e); //charge carrier density(per m**3)
+mew_e=sigma/(e*ne); //electron mobility(m**2/Vs)
+
+//Result
+printf('charge carrier density is %0.3f *10**22 per m**3 \n',int(ne/10**22))
+printf('electron mobility is %0.3f m**2/Vs \n',(mew_e))
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.4/4.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.4/4.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..dd207c663 --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.4/4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Variable declaration
+mew_e=0.13; //mobility of electron(m**2/Vs)
+mew_h=0.05; //mobility of holes(m**2/Vs)
+e=1.6*10**-19;
+ni=1.5*10**16; //number of electron hole pairs
+N=5*10**28;
+
+//Calculation
+sigma1=ni*e*(mew_e+mew_h); //intrinsic conductivity(ohm-1 m-1)
+ND=N/10**8;
+n=ni**2/ND;
+sigma2=ND*e*mew_e; //conductivity(ohm-1 m-1)
+sigma3=ND*e*mew_h; //conductivity(ohm-1 m-1)
+
+//Result
+printf('intrinsic conductivity is %0.3f *10**-3 ohm-1 m-1 %0.3f \n',(sigma1*10**3),sigma2)
+printf('conductivity during donor impurity is %0.3f ohm-1 m-1 \n',sigma2)
+printf('conductivity during acceptor impurity is %0.3f ohm-1 m-1',int(sigma3))
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.5/5.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.5/5.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8a8b521c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.5/5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Variable declaration
+e=1.6*10**-19;
+Eg=0.72; //band gap(eV)
+k=1.38*10**-23; //boltzmann constant
+T1=293; //temperature(K)
+T2=313; //temperature(K)
+sigma1=2; //conductivity(mho m-1)
+
+//Calculation
+x=(Eg*e/(2*k))*((1/T1)-(1/T2));
+y=(x/2.303);
+z=(log10(sigma1));
+log_sigma2=y+z;
+sigma2=10**log_sigma2; //conductivity(mho m-1)
+
+//Result
+printf('conductivity is %0.3f mho m-1 \n',(sigma2))
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.6/6.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.6/6.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d1527c2ad --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.6/6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Variable declaration
+ni=1.5*10**16
+mu_n=1300*10**-4
+mu_p=500*10**-4
+e=1.6*10**-19
+sigma=3*10**4
+
+//Calculations
+//Concentration in N-type
+n1=sigma/(e*mu_n)
+p1=ni**2/n1
+//Concentration in P-type
+p=sigma/(e*mu_p)
+n2=(ni**2)/p
+
+//Result
+printf('a)Concentration in N-type\n ')
+printf('n = %0.3f *10**24 m**-3 \n',(n1*10**-24))
+printf('Hence p = %0.3f *10**8 m**-3 \n',(p1/10**8))
+printf('b)Concentration in P-type\n')
+printf('p = %0.3f *10**24 m**-3 \n',(p/10**24))
+printf('Hence n = %0.3f *10**8 m**-3 \n',(n2/10**8))
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.7/7.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.7/7.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3353c9f57 --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.7/7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Variable declaration
+i=10**-2
+A=0.01*0.001
+RH=3.66*10**-4
+Bz=0.5
+
+//Calculations
+Jx=i/A
+Ey=RH*(Bz*Jx)
+Vy=Ey*0.01
+
+//Result
+printf('Jx = %0.3f ampere/m**2 \n',Jx)
+printf('Ey = %0.3f V/m \n',(Ey))
+printf('Vy = %0.3f mV \n',(Vy*10**3))
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.8/8.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.8/8.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..42eb4d273 --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.8/8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Variable declaration
+Ev=0
+Ec=1.12
+k=1.38*10**-23
+T=300
+mh=0.28
+mc=0.12
+e=1.6*10**-19
+//Calculations
+Ef=((Ec+Ev)/2)+((3*k*T)/(4*e))*log(mh/mc)
+
+//Result
+printf('Position of fermi level = %0.3f eV \n',(Ef))
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/3651/CH6/EX6.9/9.sce b/3651/CH6/EX6.9/9.sce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c5c3660a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/3651/CH6/EX6.9/9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Variable declaration
+ni=2.5*10**19
+mu_e=0.38
+mu_h=0.18
+e=1.6*10**-19
+
+//Calculations
+sigmai=ni*e*(mu_e+mu_h)
+
+//Result
+printf('Conductivity of intrinsic germanium at 300K = %0.3f ohm**-1 m**-1 \n',(sigmai))
\ No newline at end of file |