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+//Introduction to Fiber Optics by A. Ghatak and K. Thyagarajan, Cambridge, New Delhi, 1999
+//Example 11.1
+//OS=Windows XP sp3
+//Scilab version 5.5.2
+clc;
+clear;
+//given
+//E1 & E2 are the ground level and first excited level of energy respectively
+h=6.626e-34;//Planck's constant in SI Units
+c=3e8;//speed of electrons in m/s
+lambda=694e-9;//wavelength corresponding to the energy gap between E1 & E2
+//Let E2-E1=DeltaE
+DeltaE=h*c/lambda;
+mprintf("\n E2-E1=%e",DeltaE);//Energy gap between E1 & E2 in J
+//The answers vary due to round off error
+kB=1.38e-23;//Boltzmann constant in SI Units
+T=300;//Temperature in K
+mprintf("\n kB*T=%e",kB*T);
+//Let N2/N1 be N
+N=exp(-DeltaE/(kB*T));//Ratio of population density at E2 and E1 energy levels
+mprintf("\n N2/N1=%e",N);//The answers vary due to round off error