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+// Example 7.6 
+// Compuatation of the Q-factor.
+//
+// Page no. 327
+
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+
+//Given data
+alpha=0.18;          // Fiber loss coefficient
+L=190;              // Fiber length
+G=20;               // Gain of preamplifier
+lambda=1.55*10^-6; // Operating wavelength
+h=6.63*10^-34;     // Planck constant
+n=1.409;    
+G1=10^(G/10);  
+f0=20*10^9; 
+R=1.1;   
+q=1.6*10^-19;
+fe=7.5*10^9;
+Pi=1;              // Input power
+c=3*10^8;          // Velocity of light
+k=1.38*10^-23;
+T=298;
+Rl=200;
+
+// The Q factor
+l=alpha*L;
+Po=Pi-l+G;
+Po=10^(Po/10)*10^-3;
+f=c/lambda;
+r=h*f*(G1-1)*n;
+fn=2*n;
+fn=10^(fn/10);
+I1=R*Po+2*r*f0;
+I0=2*R*r*f0;
+o1=(2*q*I1*fe)+((4*k*T*fe)/Rl)+(2*R^2*r*(2*Po*fe+r*(2*f0-fe)*fe));
+o2=(2*q*I0*fe)+((4*k*T*fe)/Rl)+(2*R^2*r^2*(2*f0-fe)*fe);
+Q=(I1-I0)/(sqrt(o1)+sqrt(o2));
+
+//Displaying the result in command window
+
+printf("\n Q factor= %0.3f ",Q);
+
+// The answer vary due to round off error
+
+