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+//  chapter 12
+// example 12.4
+// calculate refractive index of material of the core
+// page 360-361
+clear;
+clc;
+// given
+NA=0.39; //numerical aperture of the optical fibre
+d=0.05; // difference in the refractive index of the material of the core and cladding
+//calculate
+// since NA=u1*sqrt(2*d)
+//we have u1=NA/sqrt(2*d)
+u1= NA/sqrt(2*d); // calculation of refractive index of  material of the core
+printf('\nThe refractive index of  material of the core is \tu1=%.3f',u1);
+
+