diff options
Diffstat (limited to '2183')
129 files changed, 1690 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/2183/CH2/EX2.1/EX_2_1.sce b/2183/CH2/EX2.1/EX_2_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..461427caa --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH2/EX2.1/EX_2_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +// Example 2.1:Critical angle
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+n2=1.402;//Waveguide Refractive Index
+n1=1.495;//Cladding Refractive Index
+no=1;// for air
+Oc=asind(n2/n1);// Critical Angle
+disp(Oc,"Critical angle in degree")
diff --git a/2183/CH2/EX2.10/EX_2_10.sce b/2183/CH2/EX2.10/EX_2_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b941829c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH2/EX2.10/EX_2_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +// Example 2.10:Number of modes +clc; +clear; +close; +NA=0.2 +a=40;// core radius in micro meters +h=1;//wavelngth in micro meters +v=(2*%pi*(a/2)*NA)/h;//Normalised wavelngth +m= round (v^2/4);// number of modes +disp(m,"number of modes") + + diff --git a/2183/CH2/EX2.11/EX_2_11.sce b/2183/CH2/EX2.11/EX_2_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a34eba2a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH2/EX2.11/EX_2_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// Example 2.11:diameter +clc; +clear; +close; +v1=1.2;// +v2=2.4;// +h=0.85;//in micro meter +n1=1.5;//refrative index +d1=0.015;// +a1=((v1*h)/(2*%pi*n1*sqrt(2*d1)));//in micro meter +d2=0.0015;// +a2=((v2*h)/(2*%pi*n1*sqrt(2*d2)));//in micro meter +disp(2*a1,"diameter (case 1) in micro meters is") +disp(2*a2,"diameter (case 2) in micro meters is") +//answer is wrong in the textbook + diff --git a/2183/CH2/EX2.12/EX_2_12.sce b/2183/CH2/EX2.12/EX_2_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3484b0f02 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH2/EX2.12/EX_2_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +// Example 2.12:diameter +clc; +clear; +close; +v=2.4*sqrt(2);// +h=1.3;//in micro meter +n1=1.5;//refrative index +d1=0.01;// +a1=((v*h)/(2*%pi*n1*sqrt(2*d1)));//in micro meter +disp(a1,"radius in micro meters is") + + + diff --git a/2183/CH2/EX2.13/EX_2_13.sce b/2183/CH2/EX2.13/EX_2_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..130a3b3f9 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH2/EX2.13/EX_2_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +// Example 2.13:Cutoff Wavelength
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+n1=1.48;//Waveguide Refractive Index
+a=4.8;// core radius in micro meters
+d= 0.0025;// Cange in core-cladding refractive index
+Hc= (2*%pi*a*sqrt(2*d)*n1)/2.4;
+disp(round(Hc*10^3),"Cutoff wavelength in nano meters")
+//answer is wrong in the textbook
diff --git a/2183/CH2/EX2.15/EX_2_15.sce b/2183/CH2/EX2.15/EX_2_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0e3b8a396 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH2/EX2.15/EX_2_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +// Example 2.15:diameter +clc; +clear; +close; +mfd=11.6;//in micro meter +a=mfd/2;//in micro meters +v=2.2;// +alpha=((a*10^-6)/(0.65+1.619*sqrt(v)+2.879*((v)^-6)));// +disp(2*alpha*10^6,"core diameter in micro meter ") +//answer is wrong in the textbook diff --git a/2183/CH2/EX2.16/EX_2_16.sce b/2183/CH2/EX2.16/EX_2_16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..828b5e522 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH2/EX2.16/EX_2_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +// Example 2.16:ESI relative refractive index +clc; +clear; +close; +h=1.190;//micro meter +sp=5.2;//in micro meter +n=1.5;//refractive index +alpha2=1.820*sp;//in micro meter +desi1=(0.293/(n)^2);// +desi2=desi1*(1.19/alpha2)^2;// +disp(desi2*100,"ESI relative refrative index difference in percentage is") +//answer is wrong in the textbook diff --git a/2183/CH2/EX2.2.a/EX_2_2_a.sce b/2183/CH2/EX2.2.a/EX_2_2_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..881a64b74 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH2/EX2.2.a/EX_2_2_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// Example 2.2.a: Critical Angle
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+n1=1.50;//Waveguide Refractive Index
+n2=1.47;//Cladding Refractive Index
+Oc=asind(n2/n1);//Critical Angle
+oc=floor(Oc);//
+x=Oc-oc;//
+disp("CRITICAL ANGLE IS "+string(oc)+" DEGREE AND "+string(round((60*(x))))+" MINUTES ")
+//answer is wrong in the textbook
diff --git a/2183/CH2/EX2.2.b/EX_2_2_b.sce b/2183/CH2/EX2.2.b/EX_2_2_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9ae2e8bbb --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH2/EX2.2.b/EX_2_2_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +// Example 2.2.b:Numerical Aperture
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+n1=1.50;//Waveguide Refractive Index
+n2=1.47;//Cladding Refractive Index
+NA=sqrt(n1^2-n2^2);// Numerical Aperture
+disp(NA,"Numerical Aperture is")
diff --git a/2183/CH2/EX2.2.c/EX_2_2_c.sce b/2183/CH2/EX2.2.c/EX_2_2_c.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..dc05dfe4c --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH2/EX2.2.c/EX_2_2_c.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +// Example 2.2.c: Acceptance Angle
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+n1=1.50;//Waveguide Refractive Index
+n2=1.47;//Cladding Refractive Index
+h= 1.3;// Wavelenght in micrometers
+NA=sqrt(n1^2-n2^2);// Numerical Aperture
+Oa=asind(NA);//ACCEPTANCE ANGLE
+oa=floor(Oa);//
+x=Oa-oa;//
+disp("ACCEPTANCE ANGLE IS "+string(oa)+" DEGREE AND "+string(round((60*(x))))+" MINUTES ")
+//answer is wrong in the textbook
diff --git a/2183/CH2/EX2.3/EX_2_3.sce b/2183/CH2/EX2.3/EX_2_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..dbd35ac10 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH2/EX2.3/EX_2_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +// Example 2.3:Numerical Aperture ,Acceptance Angle and criticle angke
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+n1=1.46;//core Refractive Index
+d=1;// refractive index differnce in percentage
+NA=n1*(sqrt(2*(d/100)));// Numerical Aperture
+Sa= %pi*(NA)^2;//solid accepance angle in strad
+r=1-(d/100);//ratio of refractive index
+Oc=asind(r);//criticle angle in degree
+oc=floor(Oc);//
+x=Oc-oc;//
+disp(NA,"numerical aperture is")
+disp(Sa,"solid acceptance angle in air in stard is")
+disp("CRITICAL ANGLE IS "+string(oc)+" DEGREE AND "+string(round((60*(x))))+" MINUTES ")
+
+
diff --git a/2183/CH2/EX2.4/EX_2_4.sce b/2183/CH2/EX2.4/EX_2_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b32c4c2b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH2/EX2.4/EX_2_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +// Example 2.4;Critical Angle
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+n1=1.48;//Waveguide Refractive Index
+n2=1.46;//Cladding Refractive Index
+Oc=asind(sqrt((1-(n2/n1)^2)));//Critical Angle
+disp(Oc,"critical angle in degree is")
diff --git a/2183/CH2/EX2.5/EX_2_5.sce b/2183/CH2/EX2.5/EX_2_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..cb7e6c5e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH2/EX2.5/EX_2_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// Example 2.5: Core and Cladding Index
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+NA=0.3;// numerical aperture
+d= 0.01;// Cange in core-cladding refractive index
+r=(1-d);//ratio
+n1=sqrt(((NA)^2)/(1-r^2));//core refrative index
+n2= n1-(d*n1);
+disp(n1,"refrative index of core is")
+disp(n2,"Refradctive index of cladding is")
diff --git a/2183/CH2/EX2.6/EX_2_6.sce b/2183/CH2/EX2.6/EX_2_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..56f57bb8b --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH2/EX2.6/EX_2_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// Example 2.6: compare acceptance angle +clc; +clear; +close; +NA=0.4;// numerical aperture +r2=100;//angle at which rays change dirction +r=r2/2;//in degree +Oa=asind(NA);//ACCEPTANCE ANGLE +oa=floor(Oa);// +x=Oa-oa;// +Oas=asind(NA/cosd(r));//ACCEPTANCE ANGLE for skew rays in degree +oas=floor(Oas);// +xs=Oas-oas;// +disp("ACCEPTANCE ANGLE IS "+string(oa)+" DEGREE AND "+string(round((60*(x))))+" MINUTES ") +disp("ACCEPTANCE ANGLE FOR MEIDONAL RAYS IS "+string(oas)+" DEGREE AND "+string(round((60*(xs))))+" MINUTES ") + diff --git a/2183/CH2/EX2.7/EX_2_7.sce b/2183/CH2/EX2.7/EX_2_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..bb63d7050 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH2/EX2.7/EX_2_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +// Example 2.7:Number of the modes
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+a=50;;// Radius in meter
+NA=0.29;// Numerical Aperture
+h=0.85;// Wavelength in meter
+M=round((2*%pi^2*a^2*NA^2)/(h)^2);//
+disp(M,"Number of modes")
+//answer is wrong in the textbook
diff --git a/2183/CH2/EX2.8/EX_2_8.sce b/2183/CH2/EX2.8/EX_2_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a78cc1d4f --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH2/EX2.8/EX_2_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +// Example 2.8:Number of modes
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+n1=1.5;//Waveguide Refractive Index
+d= 0.015;// Cange in core-cladding refractive index
+a=40;// core radius in micro meters
+h=0.85;//wavelngth in micro meters
+v=(2*%pi*a*n1*sqrt(2*d))/h;//Normalised wavelngth
+m= round (v^2/2);// number of modes
+disp(m,"number of modes")
+//answer is wrong in the textbook
+
diff --git a/2183/CH2/EX2.9/EX_2_9.sce b/2183/CH2/EX2.9/EX_2_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..cc566bd6f --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH2/EX2.9/EX_2_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// Example 2.9:Maximum Core Readius
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+n1=1.55;//Waveguide Refractive Index
+n2=1.52;//
+d= n1-n2;// Cange in core-cladding refractive index
+h=1550;//wavelngth in nano meters
+a=((2.405*h*10^-9)/(2*%pi*sqrt(n1^2-n2^2)));//Core Radius
+disp(a*10^6,"maximum core radius in micro meters")
+
diff --git a/2183/CH3/EX3.1.a/Ex_3_1_a.sce b/2183/CH3/EX3.1.a/Ex_3_1_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c97434939 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH3/EX3.1.a/Ex_3_1_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +// Example 3.1.a:fracture stress +clc; +clear; +close; +la=0.16;//bond length in nm +st=2.6*10^6;//psi +psi=6894.76;//Nm^-2 +e=9*10^10;//NM^-2 +yp=((4*la*10^-9*(st*psi)^2)/(e));//in joules +c=10^-8;// +sf=sqrt((2*e*yp)/(%pi*c));//N/m^2 +sf1=sf/(psi);//psi +disp(sf1,"fracture stress in psi is") diff --git a/2183/CH3/EX3.1.b/Ex_3_1_b.sce b/2183/CH3/EX3.1.b/Ex_3_1_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ce3a50ef1 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH3/EX3.1.b/Ex_3_1_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// Example 3.1.b:percentage strain +clc; +clear; +close; +la=0.16;//bond length in nm +st=2.6*10^6;//psi +psi=6894.76;//Nm^-2 +e=9*10^10;//NM^-2 +yp=((4*la*10^-9*(st*psi)^2)/(e));//in joules +c=10^-8;// +sf=sqrt((2*e*yp)/(%pi*c));//N/m^2 +sf1=sf/(psi);//psi +e=(sf/e)*100;// +disp(round(e),"percentage strain (%) is") diff --git a/2183/CH3/EX3.2/Ex_3_2.sce b/2183/CH3/EX3.2/Ex_3_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..04f4c395b --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH3/EX3.2/Ex_3_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 3.2 // The loss +clc; +clear; +close; +//given data : +format('v',5) +n1=1.5; +n2=1; +r=((n1-n2)/(n1+n2))^2; +L_f= (-10*log10(1-r)); +disp(L_f,"The optical loss at one end,(dB) = ") +Lt=2*L_f; +disp(Lt,"Total loss at both joints,(dB) = ") diff --git a/2183/CH3/EX3.3.a/Ex_3_3_a.sce b/2183/CH3/EX3.3.a/Ex_3_3_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..de47f9c92 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH3/EX3.3.a/Ex_3_3_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// Example 3.3.a:insertion loss +clc; +clear; +close; +n12=1.5;//refractive index +y=5;//lateral misalignment in micro meter +a2=50;//dia in micro meter +nlat=((16*n12^2)/(%pi*(1+n12)^4))*((2*acos(y/a2))-(y/a2)*sqrt(1-(y/a2)^2));// +loss=-10*log10(nlat);//loss in dB +disp(loss,"insertion loss in dB is") +//answer is wrong in the textbook diff --git a/2183/CH3/EX3.3.b/ex_3_3_b.sce b/2183/CH3/EX3.3.b/ex_3_3_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..36a2e0e6d --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH3/EX3.3.b/ex_3_3_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// Example 3.3.b:insertion loss +clc; +clear; +close; +n12=1.5;//refractive index +y=5;//lateral misalignment in micro meter +a2=50;//dia in micro meter +nlat=(1/(%pi))*((2*acos(y/a2))-(y/a2)*sqrt(1-(y/a2)^2));// +loss=-10*log10(nlat);//loss in dB +disp(loss,"insertion loss in dB is") +//answer is wrong in the textbook diff --git a/2183/CH3/EX3.4.a/Ex_3_4_a.sce b/2183/CH3/EX3.4.a/Ex_3_4_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..bda68476d --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH3/EX3.4.a/Ex_3_4_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 3.4.a // insertion loss +clc; +clear; +close; +//given data : +y=3;// in micro-m +alfa=2; +d=50;// in micro-m +a=d/alfa; +Lt=0.85*(y/a); +eta_lat=1-Lt; +L_lat=-10*log10(eta_lat); +disp(L_lat,"The insertion loss,(dB) = ") diff --git a/2183/CH3/EX3.4.b/Ex_3_4_b.sce b/2183/CH3/EX3.4.b/Ex_3_4_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a509effb5 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH3/EX3.4.b/Ex_3_4_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Example 3.4.b // insertion loss +clc; +clear; +close; +//given data : +y=3;// in micro-m +alfa=2; +d=50;// in micro-m +a=d/alfa; +Lt=0.75*(y/a); +eta_lat=1-Lt; +L_lat=-10*log10(eta_lat); +disp(L_lat,"The insertion loss,(dB) = ") diff --git a/2183/CH3/EX3.5/Ex_3_5.sce b/2183/CH3/EX3.5/Ex_3_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..42a211909 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH3/EX3.5/Ex_3_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Example 3.5 // insertion loss +clc; +clear; +close; +//given data : +n1BYn2=1.48; +NA1=0.2; +n2theta=(5*%pi)/180; +NA2=0.4; +eta1=((16*(n1BYn2)^2)/(1+n1BYn2)^4)*(1-((n2theta/(%pi*NA1)))); +L_ang1=-10*log10(eta1); +eta2=((16*(n1BYn2)^2)/(1+n1BYn2)^4)*(1-((n2theta/(%pi*NA2)))); +L_ang2=-10*log10(eta2) +disp(L_ang1,"the insertion loss,(dB) = ") +disp(L_ang2,"the insertion loss,(dB) = ") diff --git a/2183/CH3/EX3.6/Ex_3_6.sce b/2183/CH3/EX3.6/Ex_3_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f5df20865 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH3/EX3.6/Ex_3_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Example 3.6 //total insertion loss +clc; +clear; +close; +//given data : +a=8/2;// in micro-m +V=2.4; +w=a*((0.65+(1.62*V^(-3/2))+(2.88*V^-6))/sqrt(2)); +y=1; +NA=0.1; +theta=%pi/180; +n1=1.46; +T_lat=2.17*(y/w)^2; +T_ang=2.17*((theta*w*n1*V)/(a*NA))^2; +T=T_lat+T_ang; +disp(T,"Total insertion loss,(dB) = ") diff --git a/2183/CH3/EX3.7/Ex_3_7.sce b/2183/CH3/EX3.7/Ex_3_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b89713015 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH3/EX3.7/Ex_3_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Example 3.7 //The loss +clc; +clear; +close; +//given data : +a=9.2;// in micro-m +b=8.4;// in micro-m +wo2=b/2; +wo1=a/2; +L=-10*log10(4*((wo2/wo1)+(wo1/wo2))^-2); +disp(L,"The loss,L(dB) = ") +// answer is wrong in textbook diff --git a/2183/CH3/EX3.8/Ex_3_8.sce b/2183/CH3/EX3.8/Ex_3_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..aa1f8709c --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH3/EX3.8/Ex_3_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Example 3.8.a // Excess loss +clc; +clear; +close; +//given data : +P1=60;// in micro-W +P3=26;// in micro-W +P4=27.5;// in micro-W +P2=0.004;// in micro-W +E_loss=10*log10((P1/(P3+P4))); +disp(E_loss,"(a). The excess loss,(dB) = ") +I_loss=10*log10(P1/P4); +disp(I_loss,"(b).i. insertion loss port 1 to port 4,(dB) = ") +I_loss1=10*log10(P1/P3); +disp(I_loss1,"(b).ii. insertion loss port 1 to port 3,(dB) = ") +C_talk=10*log10(P2/P1); +disp(C_talk,"Cross talk,(db) = ") +sr=(P3/(P3+P4))*100; +disp(sr,"Split ratio,(%) = ") diff --git a/2183/CH3/EX3.9/Ex_3_9.sce b/2183/CH3/EX3.9/Ex_3_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b8b06f3f1 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH3/EX3.9/Ex_3_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Example 3.9 // Total loss and Average insertion loss +clc; +clear; +close; +//given data : +N=32; +Pin=10^3; +a=14;// in micro-W +pf=a*N; +s_loss=10*log10(N); +e_loss=10*log10(Pin/pf); +T_loss=s_loss+e_loss; +disp(T_loss,"Total loss,(dB) = ") +I_loss=10*log10(Pin/a); +disp(I_loss,"The insertion loss,(dB) = " ) diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.1.a/Ex_4_1_a.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.1.a/Ex_4_1_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b3bfe3ad4 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.1.a/Ex_4_1_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +// Example 4.1.a:signal attenuation
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+L=8;// Length of fiber in km
+Pi=120*10^-6;// input power in Watt
+Po=4*10^-6;//Output power in Watt
+alpha=(10*(log10(Pi/Po)));//Loss in dB
+disp(alpha,"signal attenuation in dB")
diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.1.b/Ex_4_1_b.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.1.b/Ex_4_1_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..674377df3 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.1.b/Ex_4_1_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +// Example 4.1.b:signal attenuation per km +clc; +clear; +close; +L=8;// Length of fiber in km +Pi=120*10^-6;// input power in Watt +Po=4*10^-6;//Output power in Watt +alpha=(10*(log10(Pi/Po)));//Loss in dB +alphal=alpha/L +disp(alphal,"signal attenuation per km in dB/km is") diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.1.c/Ex_4_1_c.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.1.c/Ex_4_1_c.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..deec11704 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.1.c/Ex_4_1_c.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +// Example 4.2.c:Loss for 10Km
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+L=8;// Length of fiber in km
+Pi=120*10^-6;// input power in Watt
+Po=4*10^-6;//Output power in Watt
+alpha= round(10*(log10(Pi/Po)));//Loss in dB
+alphadb= alpha/L;//Loss in dB/Km
+alphadb2=alphadb*10;// Loss along 10Km fiber length in dB
+Ds=alphadb2+9;// Due to splices at 1km Interval
+disp(Ds,"Atenuation Due to splices at 1km Interval in dB")
+
diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.1.d/Ex_4_1_d.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.1.d/Ex_4_1_d.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4414a5ef3 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.1.d/Ex_4_1_d.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// Example 4.1.d:Ratio of powers
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+L=8;// Length of fiber in km
+Pi=120*10^-6;// input power in Watt
+Po=4*10^-6;//Output power in Watt
+alpha= round(10*(log10(Pi/Po)));//Loss in dB
+alphadb= alpha/L;//Loss in dB/Km
+alphadb2=alphadb*10;// Loss along 10Km fiber length in dB
+Ds=alphadb2+9;// Due to splices at 1km Interval
+rt= 10^(Ds/10);// Ratio of input to output power
+disp(rt,"Ratio of input to output power")
+//answer is wrong in the textbook
+
diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.10.a/Ex_4_10_a.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.10.a/Ex_4_10_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e8ae9e812 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.10.a/Ex_4_10_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// Example 4.10.a;//TOTAL RMS Pulse broadning
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+M=250;//dispersion parametr picosecond per nano meter per kilometer
+Sa=50;//spectral width in nm
+NA=0.3;//numerical aperture
+n1=1.45;// Core refractibve index
+C=2.998*10^8;//Speed of light in m/s
+L=1;//length in Km
+Sm=M*L*Sa*10^-3;//rms pulse broadning due to material dispersion
+Ss=(L*10^3*NA^2)/(4*sqrt(3)*C*n1)*10^9;//Pulse broadning due to intermodal dispersion in ns/km
+St=sqrt(Sm^2+Ss^2);// Total broadning
+disp(St,"Total broadning ns per km is")
diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.10.b/Ex_4_10_b.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.10.b/Ex_4_10_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..80c694f88 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.10.b/Ex_4_10_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// Example 4.10.b;//bandwidth length product
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+M=250;//dispersion parameter picosecond per nano meter per kilometer
+Sa=50;//spectral width in nm
+NA=0.3;//numerical aperture
+n1=1.45;// Core refractibve index
+C=2.998*10^8;//Speed of light in m/s
+L=1;//length in km
+Sm=M*L*Sa*10^-3;//rms pulse broadning due to material dispersion
+Ss=(L*10^3*NA^2)/(4*sqrt(3)*C*n1)*10^9;//Pulse broadning due to intermodal dispersion in ns/km
+St=sqrt(Sm^2+Ss^2);// Total broadning
+BL= (0.2/(St*10^-9))*10^-6;// Bandwidth length product in Mega hertz km
+disp(BL,"Bandwidth length product is,(MHz-km)")
diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.11/Ex_4_11.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.11/Ex_4_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3f08720e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.11/Ex_4_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// Example 4.11 //compare the total first order dispersion +clc; +clear; +close; +so=0.095;//ps nm^-2 km^-1 +h=1270;//in nm +ho=1320;//in nm +dt1=((h*so)/4)*((1-(ho/h)^4));// in ps nm^-1 km^-1 +h1=1520;//in nm +dt21=((h1*so)/4)*((1-(ho/h1)^4));// in ps nm^-1 km^-1 +dt2=dt21-(13.5+4.1);// in ps nm^-1 km^-1 +disp(dt1,"first order dispersion at wavelength 1270nm in ps nm^-1 km^-1") +disp(dt2,"first order dispersion at wavelength 1320nm in ps nm^-1 km^-1") +//answer is wrong in the textbook diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.12/Ex_4_12.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.12/Ex_4_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5fba454e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.12/Ex_4_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +// Example 4.12;//bit rate +clc; +clear; +close; +dx=2;//in ps/nm-km +L=100;//in km +h1=1310;// in nm +h2=1300;//in nm +dh=h1-h2;//in nm +brl=(1/(4*dx*(dh/10)));//in Gbps-km +br=brl/L;//in Gbps +disp(br*10^3,"bit rate in Gbps") diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.13/Ex_4_13.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.13/Ex_4_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..de58ecb36 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.13/Ex_4_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +// Example 4.13;//Maximum bit rate
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+L=20;//Length in km
+Dt2=300*10^-12;//Birefringent in second per kilometer
+B=(0.9)/(Dt2*L*10^3);//
+Btm= round((B/0.55)*10^-3);// maximum bit rate in kilo bit per second
+disp(Btm,"maximum bit rate in kilo bit per second")
diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.14/Ex_4_14.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.14/Ex_4_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4064d4389 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.14/Ex_4_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// Example 4.14 //birefringence
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+Lbc1=0.7;//beat length micro meter
+h=1.3;//wavelength in micro meter
+Bf1=((h*10^-6)/(Lbc1*10^-3));// birefringence when beat length = 0.5mm
+Lbc2=80;//beat length meter
+Bf2=((h*10^-6)/(Lbc2));// birefringence when beat length = 60 meter
+disp(Bf1,"birefringence (high birefringent fiber) when beat length = 0.7micro meter")
+disp(Bf2,"birefringence (lower birefringent fiber) when beat length = 80 meter")
diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.15/Ex_4_15.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.15/Ex_4_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..91fe943d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.15/Ex_4_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +// Example 4.15//Bifringence and differnce between the propogation constt.
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+Lb=0.09;//Birefringent Coherence over length in meter
+h=0.9;//wavelength in micro meter
+df=1;//spectral width in nano meter
+Bf=((h*10^-6)/(Lb));//modal bifringence
+Lbc= (((h*10^-6)^2)/(Bf*df*10^-9));//Coherance length in meter
+Bxy=(2*%pi)/(Lb);//Diff in the propogation constant
+disp(Bf,"modal bifringence is")
+disp(Bxy,"Difference in the propgation constants. is")
diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.16/Ex_4_16.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.16/Ex_4_16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b502e4376 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.16/Ex_4_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +// Example 4.16//bit rate +clc; +clear; +close; +pmc=0.5;//ps/sqrt(km) +l=100;//km +br=(1/(4*pmc*sqrt(l)));// +disp(br*10^3,"bit rate is ,(Gbps)=") diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.2/Ex_4_2.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.2/Ex_4_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..78e1f0b9a --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.2/Ex_4_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +// Example 4.2:Attenuation
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+L=1;//in km
+h1=0.63;//in micro meter
+h2=1;//in micro meter
+h3=1.3;//in micro meter
+Tf=1400;//Temperature in Kelvin
+p=0.286;//photoelastic coefficient of silica
+n=1.46;//Refractive index of silica
+Bc=7*10^-11;//isothermal compersebility in in Metere square per N
+K=1.38*10^-23;// boltzman constt. in julian per Kelvin
+x1= (h1*10^-6);
+x2= (h2*10^-6);
+x3= (h3*10^-6);
+Yr1=(8*%pi^3*n^8*p^2*Bc*K*Tf)/(3*(x1)^4);//ray leigh scattering coefficient
+Ekm1= exp(-Yr1*L*10^3)
+alpha1=10*(log10(1/Ekm1));//Attenuation in dB/km
+Yr2=(8*%pi^3*n^8*p^2*Bc*K*Tf)/(3*(x2)^4);//ray leigh scattering coefficient
+Ekm2= exp(-Yr2*L*10^3)
+alpha2=10*(log10(1/Ekm2));//Attenuation in dB/km
+Yr3=(8*%pi^3*n^8*p^2*Bc*K*Tf)/(3*(x3)^4);//ray leigh scattering coefficient
+Ekm3= exp(-Yr3*L*10^3)
+alpha3=10*(log10(1/Ekm3));//Attenuation in dB/km
+disp(alpha1,"Attenuation in dB/km for (h=0.63 micro meter)")
+disp(alpha2,"Attenuation in dB/km for (h=1 micro meter)")
+disp(alpha3,"Attenuation in dB/km for (h=1.30 micro meter)")
+
+
diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.3/Ex_4_3.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.3/Ex_4_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c486aec2e --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.3/Ex_4_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +// Example 4.3:Optical Powers
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+h=1.5;//Wavelength in micro meter
+d=6;//Core diameter in micro meter
+v=600;//frequency in Mega Hertz
+alpha=0.4;//Attenuation in dB/km
+Pb=(4.4*10^-3*d^2*h^2*alpha*v*10^-3)*10^3;//Threshold optical power for brillouin scattering in milli Watt
+Pr=(5.9*10^-2*d^2*alpha*h);//Threshold optical power for Raman scattering in Watt
+disp(Pb,"Threshold optical power for Brillouin scattering in milli Watt")
+disp(Pr,"Threshold optical power for Raman scattering in Watt")
+//Pb is calculated wrong in the text book
diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.4.a/Ex_4_4_a.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.4.a/Ex_4_4_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d8a19bb19 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.4.a/Ex_4_4_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// Example 4.4.a:Critical Radius
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+d=0.03;//Refractive index difference
+n1=1.5;//Core refractive index
+h= 0.85*10^-6;//Wavelength in meters
+x=2*n1^2*d;//
+Rc=(3*n1^2*h)/(4*%pi*sqrt(x))*10^6;// Critical Radius in micro meters
+disp(Rc,"Critical Radius in micro meters")
+//answer is calculated wrong in the textbook
diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.4.b/Ex_4_4_b.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.4.b/Ex_4_4_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..415d679c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.4.b/Ex_4_4_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// Example 4.4.b:Critical Radius of curvature +clc; +clear; +close; +a=4;// core radius in micro meters +d=0.003;//Refractive index difference +n1=1.5;//Core refractive index +h= 1.55*10^-6;//Wavelength in meters +x=2*n1^2*d;// +hc= ((2*%pi*a*10^-6*sqrt(2*d)*n1)/2.405)*10^6;//cut off wavelength in micro meters; +x1=(20*h)/(sqrt(x)); +y=((2.748-0.996*((h*10^6)/hc)))^-3; +Rcs=x1*y*10^6; +disp(Rcs,"Critical Radius of curvature in micro meters") +//answer is calculated wrong in the textbook diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.5.a/Ex_4_5_a.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.5.a/Ex_4_5_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d3d2cc468 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.5.a/Ex_4_5_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +// Example 4.5.a:Maximum possible optical bandwidth
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+t=0.1*10^-6;//Time in second
+L=15;//Distance in km
+Bt=(1/(2*t))*10^-6;//Maximum possible optical bandwidth in Mega Hertz
+disp(Bt,"Maximum possible optical bandwidth in Mega Hertz")
diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.5.b/Ex_4_5_b.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.5.b/Ex_4_5_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6dfa6af03 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.5.b/Ex_4_5_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +// Example 4.5.b:Despersion per unit length
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+t=0.1*10^-6;//Time in second
+L=15;//Distance in km
+dp=(t/L)*10^6;//Despersion per unit length in micro second per Km
+disp(dp*10^3,"Despersion per unit length in nano second per km")
diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.5.c/Ex_4_5_c.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.5.c/Ex_4_5_c.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f2920624c --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.5.c/Ex_4_5_c.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +// Example 4.5.c:Bandwidth legth product
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+t=0.1*10^-6;//Time in second
+L=15;//Distance in km
+Bt=(1/(2*t))*10^-6;//Maximum possible optical bandwidth in Mega Hertz
+BL=Bt*L;// bandwidth length product in km
+disp(BL,"bandwidth length product in MHz km")
diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.6/Ex_4_6.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.6/Ex_4_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b15959e6b --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.6/Ex_4_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +// Example 4.6;/Pulse broadning due to material dispersion
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+c=3*10^5;// speed of light in km/s
+Dh=0.025;//Material dispersion
+L=1;//distance in km
+h=0.85;//Wavelength micro meters
+Sh=20;// Spectral width in nano meter
+M=Dh/(c*h*10^3);//
+Sm=M*L*Sh//Pulse broadning due to material dispersion in nano second per kilometer
+disp(Sm*10^9,"Pulse broadning due to material dispersion in nano second per kilometer")
diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.7/Ex_4_7.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.7/Ex_4_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a230a4340 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.7/Ex_4_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +// Example 4.7//Pulse broadning due to material dispersion +clc; +clear; +close; +c=3*10^5;// speed of light in km/s +Dh=0.03;//Material dispersion +L=1;//distance in km +h=0.85;//Wavelength in micro meters +Sh=0.0012*h;// Spectral width in nano meter +M=Dh/(c*h*10^3);// +Sm=M*L*Sh//Pulse broadning due to material dispersion in nano second per kilometer +disp(Sm*10^12,"Pulse broadning due to material dispersion in nano second per kilometer") diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.8/Ex_4_8.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.8/Ex_4_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a242ae2d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.8/Ex_4_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +// Example 4.8//Pulse broadning due to material dispersion +clc; +clear; +close; +ho=1343;//nm +h=850;//in nm +so=0.097;//in ps/nm^2 +m(h)=((so*(h/4))*(1-(h/ho))^4);// in ps/nm-km +tgmat=m(h)*70;//in ns/km +dt=tgmat*100;//in ns +disp(dt,"total pulse spread in ns is") +//answer is wrong in the textbook diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.9.a/Ex_4_9_a.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.9.a/Ex_4_9_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8398bfb19 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.9.a/Ex_4_9_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +// Example 4.9.a //delay
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+d=0.01;// Change in refractive index
+n1=1.5;//Core refrctive index
+L=6*10^3;//Length in meter
+C=2.998*10^8;//Speed of light in m/s
+dts=round(((L*n1*d)/C)*10^9);//delay in ns
+disp(dts,"delay in ns")
diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.9.b/Ex_4_9_b.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.9.b/Ex_4_9_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..85fd6a15e --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.9.b/Ex_4_9_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +// Example 4.9.b;//Pulse broadning due to intermodal dispersion
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+d=0.01;// Change in refractive index
+n1=1.5;//Core refrctive index
+L=6*10^3;//Length in meter
+C=2.998*10^8;//Speed of light in m/s
+Ss=(L*n1*d)/(2*sqrt(3)*C)*10^9;//Pulse broadning due to intermodal dispersion in ns
+disp(Ss,"Pulse broadning due to intermodal dispersion in ns")
diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.9.c/Ex_4_9_c.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.9.c/Ex_4_9_c.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e1a0b0dc8 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.9.c/Ex_4_9_c.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// Example 4.9.c//Bit Rate
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+d=0.01;// Change in refractive index
+n1=1.5;//Core refrctive index
+L=6*10^3;//Length in meter
+C=2.998*10^8;//Speed of light in m/s
+dts=round(((L*n1*d)/C)*10^9);//Delay in ns
+Bt=(1/(2*dts*10^9))*10^12;//Bit rate in Mbits/sec
+Ss=(L*n1*d)/(2*sqrt(3)*C);//Pulse broadning due to intermodal dispersion in ns
+Btimp=0.2/Ss;//
+disp(Bt,"Bit rate in M bit per seconds")
+disp(Btimp*10^-6,"improved estimate of bit rate in M bit per seconds")
diff --git a/2183/CH4/EX4.9.d/Ex_4_9_d.sce b/2183/CH4/EX4.9.d/Ex_4_9_d.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..69e0e522f --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH4/EX4.9.d/Ex_4_9_d.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// Example 4.9.d//BANDWIDTH LENGTH PRODUCT +clc; +clear; +close; +d=0.01;// Change in refractive index +n1=1.5;//Core refrctive index +L=6*10^3;//Length in meter +C=2.998*10^8;//Speed of light in m/s +dts=round(((L*n1*d)/C)*10^9);//Delay in ns +Bt=(1/(2*dts*10^9))*10^12;//Bit rate in Mbits/sec +Ss=(L*n1*d)/(2*sqrt(3)*C);//Pulse broadning due to intermodal dispersion in ns +Btimp=0.2/Ss;// +BL=Btimp*L*10^-9;// bandwidth length product in km +disp(BL,"bandwidth length product MHz km") diff --git a/2183/CH5/EX5.1/Ex_5_1.sce b/2183/CH5/EX5.1/Ex_5_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9e969fe78 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH5/EX5.1/Ex_5_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +// Example 5.1 //number of longitudinal modes and frequency spacing
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+h=0.55*10^-6;//Wavelength in meter
+n=1.78;//refractive index
+L=4*10^-2;//Length in meter
+C=3*10^8;//Speed of light in m/s
+q=(2*n*L)/(h);//Number of logitudinal modes
+df=((C)/(2*n*L))*10^-9;//frequency sepration in Gega Hertz
+disp(q,"Number of longitudinal modes are ")
+disp(df,"frequency spacing in Gega Hertz is ")
+
diff --git a/2183/CH5/EX5.2/Ex_5_2.sce b/2183/CH5/EX5.2/Ex_5_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8ce6c089a --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH5/EX5.2/Ex_5_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// Example 5.2;//wavelength spacing and frequency spacing
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+Br1=7.21*10^-10;//Bit rate
+n=10^18;//hole concentration
+Trg=((Br1*n)^-1)*10^9;//radiative minority carrier lifetime in GaAs in ns
+Br2=1.79*10^-15;//Bit rate
+Trs=((Br2*n)^-1)*10^3;//radiative minority carrier lifetime in Si in ms
+disp(Trg,"radiative minority carrier lifetime in GaAs in ns")
+disp(Trs,"radiative minority carrier lifetime in Si in ms")
diff --git a/2183/CH5/EX5.3/Ex_5_3.sce b/2183/CH5/EX5.3/Ex_5_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2fe6ac70c --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH5/EX5.3/Ex_5_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +
+// Example 5.3 //threshold density and threshold current
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+B=21*10^-3;//Gain factor in ampere per centimeter cube
+alpha=10;// in per cm
+L=250*10^-4;//length in meter
+w=100;//in micro meter
+r=0.32;
+Jth=(1/B)*(alpha+(1/L)*log(1/r));//Threshold current in ampere per centimeter cube
+ith=Jth*L*w*10^-4;//
+disp(Jth,"threshold density in Ampere per centimeter square")
+disp(ith*10^3,"threshold current in mA is")
diff --git a/2183/CH5/EX5.4/Ex_5_4.sce b/2183/CH5/EX5.4/Ex_5_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e6f78298e --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH5/EX5.4/Ex_5_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +// Example 5.4 //slope efficiency +clc; +clear; +close; +eg=1242;// +e=1300;//in nm +n=0.1;//efficiency +s=((eg/e)*n);// +disp(s,"slope efficiency is") diff --git a/2183/CH5/EX5.5/Ex_5_5.sce b/2183/CH5/EX5.5/Ex_5_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a5dd0ccb9 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH5/EX5.5/Ex_5_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +// Example 5.5//external power efficiency +clc; +clear; +close; +eg=1.44;// +v=2.8;//in volts +an=0.20;;//efficiency +nep=((an*(eg/v))*100);//external power efficiency +disp(nep,"external power efficiency in percentage is") diff --git a/2183/CH5/EX5.6/Ex_5_6.sce b/2183/CH5/EX5.6/Ex_5_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c3f24452f --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH5/EX5.6/Ex_5_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +// Example 5.6;//ratio of threshold current at differnt temperatures
+clc;
+close;
+clear;
+To1=160;//Absolute temperature in Kelvin
+To=55;//in Kelvin
+T1=293;//T=20 in Kelvin
+T2=353;//T=80 in Kelvin
+J1=exp((T2-T1)/To1);//threshold current ration for AlGaAs laser
+J2=exp((T2-T1)/To);//threshold current RATIO FOR InGaAs laser
+disp(J1,"ratio of the threshold current densities for AlGaAs laser")
+disp(J2,"ratio of current densities for InGaAs laser")
diff --git a/2183/CH5/EX5.7.a/Ex_5_7_a.sce b/2183/CH5/EX5.7.a/Ex_5_7_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ab4e00473 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH5/EX5.7.a/Ex_5_7_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +// Example 5.7.a;//rms value of power fluctuation +clc; +close; +clear; +op=10^-15;//outputin dB Hz^-1 +bw=100;//in MHz +h=1.55;//in micro meter +ef=0.6;//quantum efficiency +pi=2;//in mW +rrmf=op*bw*10^6;// +rmf=sqrt(rrmf);// +disp(rmf,"rms value of power fluctuation is") diff --git a/2183/CH5/EX5.7.b/Ex_5_7_b.sce b/2183/CH5/EX5.7.b/Ex_5_7_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1eeb21967 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH5/EX5.7.b/Ex_5_7_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// Example 5.7.b;//rms noise current +clc; +close; +clear; +op=10^-15;//outputin dB Hz^-1 +bw=100;//in MHz +h=1.55;//in micro meter +ef=0.6;//quantum efficiency +pi=2;//in mW +rrmf=op*bw*10^6;// +rmf=sqrt(rrmf);// +e=1.6*10^-19;// +hc=6.63*10^-34;// +c=3*10^8;//in m/s +x=((e*ef*h*10^-6*pi*10^-3*10^4*3.16*10^-8)/(hc*c));// +disp(x,"rms noise current in A is") diff --git a/2183/CH6/EX6.1/Ex_6_1.sce b/2183/CH6/EX6.1/Ex_6_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0cb810bff --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH6/EX6.1/Ex_6_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +// Example 6.1 //inernal quantum efficiency
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+tr=2.5;//radiative recombination time in milli second
+tnr=50;//non radiative recombination time in milli second
+t=(tr*tnr)/(tr+tnr);//Bulk recombination life time in millisecond
+nint= (t/tr)
+disp(nint*100,"inernal quantum efficiency is(%) ")
diff --git a/2183/CH6/EX6.10/Ex_6_10.sce b/2183/CH6/EX6.10/Ex_6_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..bb3f412ad --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH6/EX6.10/Ex_6_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +// Example 6.10 //power coupled +clc; +clear; +close; +tha=15;//in degree +po=1;//in micro watt +nc=(sind(tha))^2;// +pf=nc*po*10^-6;//in watts +disp(pf*10^9,"power coupled in nW is") diff --git a/2183/CH6/EX6.11/Ex_6_11.sce b/2183/CH6/EX6.11/Ex_6_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..967e5c0db --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH6/EX6.11/Ex_6_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +// Example 6.11 //power coupled +clc; +clear; +close; +If=1.5;//in mA +Vf=20;//in volts +pin=If*Vf;//in Watts +nint=2;//efficiency +tha=20;//in degree +po=((nint/100)*pin);//in Watt +nc=(sind(tha))^2;// +pf=nc*po;//in Watts +disp(pf*10^3,"power coupled in micro watts is") diff --git a/2183/CH6/EX6.12/Ex_6_12.sce b/2183/CH6/EX6.12/Ex_6_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0d3879f58 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH6/EX6.12/Ex_6_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +// Example 6.12;//bandwidth +clc; +clear; +close; +tr=10;//in ns +bw=(0.35/tr);//in MHz +disp(bw*10^3,"bandwidth in MHz is") diff --git a/2183/CH6/EX6.13/Ex_6_13.sce b/2183/CH6/EX6.13/Ex_6_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a22b9b043 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH6/EX6.13/Ex_6_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// Example 6.13 //coupling efficiency +clc; +clear; +close; +t=1;// +no=1;// +na=0.3;// +x=1;//assume +y=1;// +nc1=(t*(na/no)^2*(x/y)^2)*100;// +alpha=2;// +nc2=((t*(na/no)^2*(x/y)^2*(alpha/(alpha+2))))*100;// +disp(nc1,"coupling efficiency for step index fiber in (%)") +disp(nc2,"coupling efficiency for graded index fiber in (%)") diff --git a/2183/CH6/EX6.14/Ex_6_14.sce b/2183/CH6/EX6.14/Ex_6_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..51cd9d3d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH6/EX6.14/Ex_6_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +// Example 6.14 //coupling efficiency +clc; +clear; +close; +t=1;// +no=1;// +na=0.3;// +x=1;//assume +y=3/4;// +alpha=2;// +nc1=((t*(na/no)^2)*(alpha+(1-(y/x)^2)))/(alpha+2)*100;// +disp(nc1,"coupling efficiency for graded index fiber in (%)") diff --git a/2183/CH6/EX6.15/Ex_6_15.sce b/2183/CH6/EX6.15/Ex_6_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..506c9a24d --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH6/EX6.15/Ex_6_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +// Example 6.15;//power coupled +clc; +clear; +close; +n1=1.48;// +n2=1.46;// +po=100;//in micro watts +pin=((po*((n1^2-n2^2))));//in micro watts +disp(pin,"power coupled in micro watts is") diff --git a/2183/CH6/EX6.2/Ex_6_2.sce b/2183/CH6/EX6.2/Ex_6_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..662d2f756 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH6/EX6.2/Ex_6_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// Example 6.2//internal power level
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+e=1.6*10^-19;//Electronic charge
+ht=6.62*10^-34;//Constt
+C=3*10^8;//speed light in m/s
+h=0.87*10^-6;//wavelength in meter
+tr=80;//radiative recombination time in nano second
+tnr=120;//non radiative recombination time in nano second
+t=(tr*tnr)/(tr+tnr);//Bulk recombination life time in nano second
+nint= (t/tr)
+i=40;//injected current in milli ampere
+Pint= (nint*((ht*C*i*10^-3)/(e*h)))*10^3;//internal power level in milli Watt
+disp(Pint,"internal power level in milli Watt")
diff --git a/2183/CH6/EX6.3.a/Ex_6_3_a.sce b/2183/CH6/EX6.3.a/Ex_6_3_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..948a819b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH6/EX6.3.a/Ex_6_3_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +// Example 6.3.a//optical power emitted
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+F=0.62;//transmission factore
+nx=3.6;//refractive index
+n=1;//refractive index of air
+Px=((F*n^2)/(4*nx^2));//optical power emitter
+disp("emiiter power in terms of power generated internally is "+string(Px)+" Pint")
diff --git a/2183/CH6/EX6.3.b/Ex_6_3_b.sce b/2183/CH6/EX6.3.b/Ex_6_3_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6b28a1e5b --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH6/EX6.3.b/Ex_6_3_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// Example 6.3.b //external power efficiency +clc; +clear; +close; +F=0.62;//transmission factore +nx=3.6;//refractive index +n=1;//refractive index of air +Px=((F*n^2)/(4*nx^2));//optical power emitter +Pint=0.5;// +NEP=(Px*Pint)*100;// +disp(NEP,"external power efficiency in (%) is") diff --git a/2183/CH6/EX6.4.a/Ex_6_4_a.sce b/2183/CH6/EX6.4.a/Ex_6_4_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..685134a86 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH6/EX6.4.a/Ex_6_4_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +// Example 6.4.a //coupling efficiency
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+NA=0.2;//numerical aperture
+n=1.4;//refractive index
+nc=(NA)^2;//coupling efficiency
+disp(nc,"coupling efficiency is")
diff --git a/2183/CH6/EX6.4.b/Ex_6_4_b.sce b/2183/CH6/EX6.4.b/Ex_6_4_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..381865e9e --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH6/EX6.4.b/Ex_6_4_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +// Example 6.4.b //optical power loss
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+NA=0.2;//numerical aperture
+n=1.4;//refractive index
+nc=(NA)^2;//coupling efficiency
+Loss=round(-(10*log10(nc)));//optical loss in dB
+disp(Loss,"optical loss in dB is")
diff --git a/2183/CH6/EX6.4.c/Ex_6_4_c.sce b/2183/CH6/EX6.4.c/Ex_6_4_c.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b8c774466 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH6/EX6.4.c/Ex_6_4_c.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +// Example 6.4.c //optical loss +clc; +clear; +close; +NA=0.2;//numerical aperture +n=1.4;//refractive index +nc=(NA)^2;//coupling efficiency +pe=0.012;// +pc1=pe*nc;// +Loss=round(-(10*log10(pc1)));//optical loss in dB +disp(Loss,"optical loss in dB is") +//answer is wrong in the text book diff --git a/2183/CH6/EX6.5/Ex_6_5.sce b/2183/CH6/EX6.5/Ex_6_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b0c1149a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH6/EX6.5/Ex_6_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +// Example 6.5 //optical power
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+r=0.01;//fresenel reflection coefficient
+NA=0.15;//numeical apertrure
+Rd=30;//radiance in W sr-1 cm-2
+R=30*10^-4;//radis in centi meter
+A=(%pi*R^2);//area
+Pc=(%pi*(1-r)*A*Rd*NA^2)*10^6;//optical power coupled in mincro watt
+disp(Pc,"optical power coupled in micro Watt is")
+// answer is wrong in the textbook
diff --git a/2183/CH6/EX6.6/Ex_6_6.sce b/2183/CH6/EX6.6/Ex_6_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8c8cb741a --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH6/EX6.6/Ex_6_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +
+// Example 6.6 //overall power conversion efficiency
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+Pc=200*10^-6;//Optical power in Watt
+If=25;//forward current in milli Ampere
+Vf=1.5;//forward voltage in Volts
+P=If*10^-3*Vf;//power in Watt
+npc=((Pc/P));//overall power conversion efficiency
+disp(npc*100,"overall power conversion efficiency in percentage")
+//answer is wrong in the textbook
diff --git a/2183/CH6/EX6.7/ex_6_7.sce b/2183/CH6/EX6.7/ex_6_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e78550724 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH6/EX6.7/ex_6_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +// Example 6.7:compare +clc; +clear; +close; +ioi=1/sqrt(2);//given +ioi1=1/(2);//given/ +disp(ioi,"-3 dB electrical bandwidth point occur when Iout/Iin,=") +disp(ioi1,"-3 dB optical bandwidth point occur when Iout/Iin,=") diff --git a/2183/CH6/EX6.8/Ex_6_8.sce b/2183/CH6/EX6.8/Ex_6_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..40a0fd0ec --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH6/EX6.8/Ex_6_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// Example 6.8 //find output power and bandwidth
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+Pdc=320*10^-6;//d.c. power in Watt
+f1=20*10^6;//frequency in hertz
+Ti=5*10^-9;//recombination life time in nano second
+Pe1=(Pdc/sqrt(1+(2*%pi*f1*Ti)^2))*10^6;
+f2=100*10^6;//frequency in hertz
+Pe2=(Pdc/sqrt(1+(2*%pi*f2*Ti)^2))*10^6;
+f=((sqrt(3))/(2*%pi*Ti));//in MHz
+fele=f*0.707;//
+disp(Pe1,"overall power in micro Watt when frequecy is 20 MHz")
+disp(Pe2,"overall power in micro Watt when frequecy is 80 MHz")
+disp(f*10^-6,"optical bandwidth in MHz is")
+disp(round(fele*10^-6),"electrical bandwidth in MHz is")
diff --git a/2183/CH6/EX6.9/Ex_6_9.sce b/2183/CH6/EX6.9/Ex_6_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ae1a2d5eb --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH6/EX6.9/Ex_6_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +// Example 6.9;//CW operating lifetime +clc; +clear; +close; +d=0.67;// +bo=1.86*10^7;//in h^-1 +ea=1.67*10^-19;// +k=1.38*10^-23;// +t=290;//Kelvin +x=((-ea)/(k*t));// +be=((bo)*exp(-40));//in h^-1 +t=((-log(d))/be);//in hours +disp(t,"CW operating lifetime in hours is") diff --git a/2183/CH7/EX7.1/Ex_7_1.sce b/2183/CH7/EX7.1/Ex_7_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b9149d936 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH7/EX7.1/Ex_7_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +// Example 7.1 //WAVELENGTH
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+E=1.35//energy gap in electron-volt
+e=1.6*10^-19;//elecronic charge
+C=3*10^8;//Speed of light in meter per second
+ht=6.63*10^-34;//plank constt.
+h=((ht*C)/(E*e))*10^6;//Wavelength
+disp(h,"wavelength in micro meter")
diff --git a/2183/CH7/EX7.10/Ex_7_10.sce b/2183/CH7/EX7.10/Ex_7_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a4e4aacaa --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH7/EX7.10/Ex_7_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 7.10 // Bandwidth +clc; +clear; +close; +//given data : +t_tr=100;// in ps +tau_rc=100;// in ps +BW=(1/(2*%pi*(t_tr+tau_rc)*10^-12))*10^-9; +disp(BW,"Bandwidth,BW(G bit/s) = ") diff --git a/2183/CH7/EX7.11/Ex_7_11.sce b/2183/CH7/EX7.11/Ex_7_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3370d7afc --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH7/EX7.11/Ex_7_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Example 7.11 // Multiplication factor +clc; +clear; +close; +//given data : +eta=80/100;// quantum efficiency +e=1.6*10^-19; +lamda=.88*10^-6;// in m +h=6.63*10^-34;// +c=3*10^8; +I=12;// in micro-A +R=(eta*e*lamda)/(h*c); +P0=0.6*10^-6;// in W +Ip=P0*R*10^6; +M=I/Ip; +disp(M,"Multiplication factor,M = ") diff --git a/2183/CH7/EX7.12/Ex_7_12.sce b/2183/CH7/EX7.12/Ex_7_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e5234ec92 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH7/EX7.12/Ex_7_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Example 7.12 // Optical gain and hFE +clc; +clear; +close; +//given data : +h=6.63*10^-34; +c=3*10^8; +e=1.6*10^-19; +Ic=15*10^-3;// in A +P0=140*10^-6;// in W +lamda=1.3*10^-6;// in m +eta=45/100;// quantum efficiency +G0=(h*c*Ic)/(e*P0*lamda); +disp(G0,"The optical gain,G0 = ") +h_FE=G0/eta; +disp(h_FE,"hFE = ") +// answer is wrong in the textbook diff --git a/2183/CH7/EX7.13/Ex_7_13.sce b/2183/CH7/EX7.13/Ex_7_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4020ea3cd --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH7/EX7.13/Ex_7_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 7.13 // Maximum 3dB bandwidth +clc; +clear; +close; +//given data : +tF=5*10^-12;// in sec +G=60;// photoconductive gain +Bm=(1/(2*%pi*tF*G))*10^-6; +disp(Bm,"The maximum 3dB bandwidth,Bm(MHz) = ") +// answer is wrong in textbook diff --git a/2183/CH7/EX7.14/Ex_7_14.sce b/2183/CH7/EX7.14/Ex_7_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..fc1853cff --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH7/EX7.14/Ex_7_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +//Example 7.14 // SNR +clc; +clear; +close; +r=1;//responsivity +p=0.1;//micro watt +ins=910;//nA +snr=((r^2*(p*10^3)^2)/(ins^2));// +disp(snr,"SNR is, =") diff --git a/2183/CH7/EX7.2/Ex_7_2.sce b/2183/CH7/EX7.2/Ex_7_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..378722185 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH7/EX7.2/Ex_7_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +
+// Example 7.2 //quantum efficiency and responsivity
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+e=1.6*10^-19;//elecronic charge
+re=1.2*10^12;// Average no. of electron hole pair generated
+rp=3*10^12;//no. of photons
+h=0.85;//wavelength in micro meter
+E=0.75;//energy gap in electron volt
+C=3*10^8;//SPEED of light in meter per second
+n=round((re/rp)*100);//quantum efficiency
+ht=6.62*10^-34;//plank constt.
+R=((n/100)*e*h*10^-6)/(ht*C);
+disp(n,"quantum efficiency (%)")
+disp(R,"Responsivity is in Ampere per Watt")
diff --git a/2183/CH7/EX7.3/Ex_7_3.sce b/2183/CH7/EX7.3/Ex_7_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..de5daf3ca --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH7/EX7.3/Ex_7_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// Example 7.3 //Wavelength and Incident optical power
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+E=1.5*10^-19;//energy in joule
+e=1.6*10^-19;//elecronic charge
+If=3*10^-6;//forward current in ampere
+C=3*10^8;//Speed of light in meter per second
+n=0.6;//quantum efficiency
+ht=6.62*10^-34;//plank constt.
+h=((ht*C)/E)*10^6;//Wavelength
+R=(n*e)/(E);//Responsivity in ampere per watt
+Po=(If/R)*10^6;//Output power in micro watt
+disp(h,"wavelength in micro meter")
+disp(Po,"Output power in micro Watt")
diff --git a/2183/CH7/EX7.4/Ex_7_4.sce b/2183/CH7/EX7.4/Ex_7_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1894380ac --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH7/EX7.4/Ex_7_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ + +// Example 7.4 //responsivity +clc; +clear; +close; +n=20;//efficiency +e=1.6*10^-19;//elecronic charge +h=0.80;//wavelength in micro meter +C=3*10^8;//SPEED of light in meter per second +ht=6.62*10^-34;//plank constt. +R=((n/100)*e*h*10^-6)/(ht*C); +disp(R,"Responsivity is in Ampere per Watt") diff --git a/2183/CH7/EX7.5.a/Ex_7_5_a.sce b/2183/CH7/EX7.5.a/Ex_7_5_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7f57833c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH7/EX7.5.a/Ex_7_5_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +// Example 7.5.a //photocurrent +clc; +clear; +close; +R=0.85;//in AW^-1 +pi=1.5;//in mW +po=1;//in mW +ip=po*R;//in mA +disp(ip,"photocurrent in mA is") diff --git a/2183/CH7/EX7.6/Ex_7_6.sce b/2183/CH7/EX7.6/Ex_7_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..51824e0cc --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH7/EX7.6/Ex_7_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +// Example 7.6 // responsivity +clc; +clear; +close; +e=1.6*10^-19;//elecronic charge +eg=0.75;//eV +n=0.7;// +R=(n*e)/(eg*e);// +disp(R,"Responsivity is in Ampere per Watt") diff --git a/2183/CH7/EX7.7/Ex_7_7.sce b/2183/CH7/EX7.7/Ex_7_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..49547776b --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH7/EX7.7/Ex_7_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +// Example 7.7 //width of deplition region +clc; +clear; +close; +n=70;//efficinecy +absc=10^5;//cm^-1 +W=(2.303*-log10(1-(n/100)))/(absc);//in meter +disp(round(W*10^6),"deplition width in micro meter is") diff --git a/2183/CH7/EX7.8/Ex_7_8.sce b/2183/CH7/EX7.8/Ex_7_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1afda51ea --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH7/EX7.8/Ex_7_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Example 7.8 // Maximum response time +clc; +clear; +close; +//given data : +Vd=3*10^4;// in m/s +W=30*10^-6;// in m +Bm=Vd/(2*%pi*W); +M=(1/Bm)*10^9; +disp(M,"Maximum response time,(ns) = ") diff --git a/2183/CH7/EX7.9/Ex_7_9.sce b/2183/CH7/EX7.9/Ex_7_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4919f9795 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH7/EX7.9/Ex_7_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Example 7.9 // NEP and specific detectivity +clc; +clear; +close; +//given data : +h=6.63*10^-34; +c=3*10^8; +Id=9*10^-9;// in A +e=1.6*10^-19; +eta=60/100; +lamda=1.3*10^-6;// in m +A=100*50*10^-12;// in m^2 +NEP=(h*c*sqrt(2*Id*e))/(eta*e*lamda); +disp(NEP,"NEP,(W) = ") +D=sqrt(A)/NEP; +disp(D,"Specific detectivity,(MHz^(-1/2) W^-1) = ") diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.1/Ex_8_1.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.1/Ex_8_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..69481a0e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.1/Ex_8_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +
+// Example 8.1 //compare shot noise and thermal current
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+T=293;//Temperature in Kelvin
+K=1.38*10^-23;//boltzman constt
+C=3*10^8;//Speed of light in meter per second
+e=1.6*10^-19;//elecronic charge
+ht=6.62*10^-34;//plank constt.
+Id=3;//dark current in nano ampere
+n=0.60;//efficiency
+Rl=4;//load resistance in kilo-ohms
+h=0.9;//wavelength in micro meter
+Po=200;// ouput power in nano Watt
+B=5;// bandwidth in mega hertz
+Ip= ((n*h*10^-6*Po*10^-9*e)/(ht*C))*10^9;//Photo current in Ampere
+its=(2*e*B*10^6*(Id+Ip)*10^-9);//total shot noise
+itsr=sqrt(its);//RMS shot noise
+disp(itsr,"RMS shot noise current in Ampere is")
+T=293;//Temperature in Kelvin
+K=1.38*10^-23;//boltzman constt
+C=3*10^8;//Speed of light in meter per second
+e=1.6*10^-19;//elecronic charge
+ht=6.62*10^-34;//plank constt.
+Id=3;//dark current in nano ampere
+n=0.60;//efficiency
+Rl=4;//load resistance in killo ohms
+h=0.9;//wavelength in micro meter
+Po=200;// ouput power in nano wat
+B=5;// bandwidth in mega hertz
+it=(((4*K*T*B*10^6)/(Rl*10^3)));//thermal noise
+itr=sqrt(it);//rms thermal noise
+disp(itr,"RMS thermal noise current in Ampere is")
+
+
diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.10/Ex_8_10.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.10/Ex_8_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2754dcc9e --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.10/Ex_8_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +// Example 8.10 //optical power budget +clc; +clear; +close; +mip=-10;//dBm +mop=-41;//dBm +tsm=mip-mop;//dB +disp(tsm,"total system margin in dB is") +l=7;//km +fcl=2.6;//dB +lfc=l*fcl;//fiber cable loss in dB +sl=0.5;//dBm +slc=sl*(l-1);//dB +cl=1.5;//dB +sm=6;//dB +tsm1=lfc+slc+cl+sm;//dB +disp(tsm1,"total system margin in dB is") +epm=tsm-tsm1;//dB +disp(epm,"excess power margin in dB is") diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.12/Ex_8_12.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.12/Ex_8_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..678050bd8 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.12/Ex_8_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +// Example 8.12 //optical power +clc; +clear; +close; +e=1.6*10^-19;//electron charge +sndb=55;//signal to noise ration in dB +sn=(10^(sndb/10));// +bw=5;//Mhz +r=0.5;//responsivity +cs=0.7;//signal attenuation +k=1.38*10^-23;//bolzman constant +tc=20;//degree celsius +tk=tc+273;//Kelvin +fdb=1.5;// +f=10^(fdb/10);// +rl=1;//mega ohms +x=((sn*4*k*tk*bw*10^6*f)/(rl*10^6));// +y=((2*sn*e*bw*10^6*r));// +ma=9/8;// +z=(2*ma*r^2*cs^2);// +s=poly(0,"s");// +p=-x-y*s+z*s^2;// +m=roots(p);// +disp(m(1,1)*10^6,"average incident power in micro Watts is") diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.13/Ex_8_13.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.13/Ex_8_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b6e7acdfb --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.13/Ex_8_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +// Example 8.13 //optical power +clc; +clear; +close; +fdb=6;// +f=10^(fdb/10);// +e=1.6*10^-19;//electron charge +sndb=45;//signal to noise ration in dB +sn=(10^(sndb/10));// +h=6.63*10^-34;//planck constant +c=3*10^8;//m/s +e=1.6*10^-19;// +n=0.6;//efficneicny +ma=0.5*10^-3;// +k=1.38*10^-23;//boltzman constant +tk=300;//degree celcius +bw=8;//MHz +rl=50;//kilo ohms +po=((h*c)/(e*n*ma^2))*sqrt((8*k*tk*bw*10^6*f)/(rl*10^3))*sqrt(sn);// +disp(po*10^6,"average power incident in micro Watts is") diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.14.a/Ex_8_14_a.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.14.a/Ex_8_14_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2715dc19f --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.14.a/Ex_8_14_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +// Example 8.14.a //optical power budget +clc; +clear; +close; +mip=-10;//dBm +mop=-25;//dBm +tsm=mip-mop;//dB +disp(tsm,"total system margin in dB is") +l=2;//km +fcl=3.2;//dB +lfc=l*fcl;//fiber cable loss in dB +sl=0.8;//dBm +slc=sl*l;//dB +cl=1.6;//dB +sm=4;//dB +tsm1=lfc+slc+cl+sm;//dB +disp(tsm1,"total system margin in dB is") +epm=tsm-tsm1;//dB +disp(epm,"excess power margin in dB is") diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.14.b/Ex_8_14_b.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.14.b/Ex_8_14_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2d421afae --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.14.b/Ex_8_14_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +// Example 8.14.b //possible increase in link length +clc; +clear; +close; +mip=-10;//dBm +mop=-25;//dBm +tsm=mip-mop;//dB +disp(tsm,"total system margin in dB is") +l=2;//km +fcl=3.2;//dB +lfc=l*fcl;//fiber cable loss in dB +sl=0.8;//dBm +slc=sl*l;//dB +cl=1.6;//dB +sm=4;//dB +tsm1=lfc+slc+cl+sm;//dB +disp(tsm1,"total system margin in dB is") +epm=tsm-tsm1;//dB +ma=8;//dB +l1=((-mop-cl-ma)/(fcl+sl));//km +eil=l1-l;// +disp(eil,"possible increase in length in km") diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.15/Ex_8_15.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.15/Ex_8_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0e86d3b7a --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.15/Ex_8_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Example 8.15 // +clc; +clear; +close; +//given data : +B=5*10^6;// in Hz +Ts=10;// in ns +Td=4;// in ns +a=9;// in ns/km +b=2;// in ns/km +l=6;// in km +Tn=a*l;// in ns +Tc=b*l;// in ns +Ts_max=(0.35/B)*10^9; +disp(Ts_max,"T system_maxmum,(ns) = ") +Tsys=1.1*sqrt(Ts^2+Tn^2+Tc^2+Td^2); +disp(Tsys,"T system,(ns) = ") +//answer is wrong in the textbook diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.16.b/Ex_8_16_b.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.16.b/Ex_8_16_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8c1f952cb --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.16.b/Ex_8_16_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// Example 8.16.b //SNR improvement and bandwidth +clc; +clear; +close; +fd=400;//KHz +ba=4;//kHz +df1=fd/ba;// +snri=(1.76+20*log10(df1));//dB +disp(snri,"SNR improvement in dB is") +bm=2*ba*(df1+1);//kHz +disp(bm,"bandwidth in kHz is") diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.17/Ex_8_17.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.17/Ex_8_17.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..61102e90a --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.17/Ex_8_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// Example 8.17;//ration of SNR +clc; +clear; +close; +fa=1;// +pa=1;// +r=1;// +po=1;// +ac=1;// +ba=1;// +no=1;// +snr1=((3*fa^3*po*(r*po)^2*((ac^2)/2))/(2*ba^3*no));//SNR output FM +snr2=((fa^3*po*(r*po)^2*((ac^2)/2))/(2*ba^3*no));//SNR output FM +rt=snr1/snr2;// +disp(rt,"ratio of output SNR (in dB) in two system is") diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.18/Ex_8_18.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.18/Ex_8_18.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a432131cc --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.18/Ex_8_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Example 8.18 // Optimum receiver bandwidth and peak to peak signal power to noise ratio +clc; +clear; +close; +//given data : +Tr=12*10^-9;// in sec +f0=20*10^6;// in Hz +fD=5*10^6;// in Hz +Mr=80;// multiplication factor +Pp=.75*10^-7; +B=5*10^6;// in Hz +i2N=10^-17;// in A^2 +fr=(1/Tr)*10^-6; +disp(fr," Optimum receiver bandwidth,fr(MHz) = ") +T0=1/f0; +SbyN=10*log10((3*(T0*fD*Mr*Pp)^2)/((2*%pi*Tr*B)^2*i2N)); +disp(SbyN,"signal power to noise ratio,(dB) = ") diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.19/ex_8_19.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.19/ex_8_19.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ad3cc6beb --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.19/ex_8_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// Example 8.19:compare +clc; +clear; +close; +cl=1;//dB +actr=10;//dB +acl=1;//dB +fcl=4.5;//dB/km +sl=2.5;//dB +cel=2;//dB +dl=100;//m +x=cel*cl-fcl*dl*10^-3+(cel*cl+cl)*-(cel+cl)+(cel*cl+actr)+sl+cl;// +x1=(fcl*dl*10^-3)+(cel*cl+cl);// +disp("total loss for bus distribution system is "+string(x1)+"N + "+string(x)+"") +x3=(cel*2*cl)+cel+(fcl*dl*10^-3);// +disp("total loss for star distribution system is "+string(x3)+"+ 10log10(N)") diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.2.a/Ex_8_2_a.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.2.a/Ex_8_2_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..56b90a13b --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.2.a/Ex_8_2_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +// Example 8.2.a //threshold quantum limit
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+en=10^-9;//
+n=-log(en);//
+disp(round(n),"quantum limit is (photons per pulse required )")
diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.2.b/Ex_8_2_b.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.2.b/Ex_8_2_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7749940ee --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.2.b/Ex_8_2_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +// Example 8.2.b //minumum incident optical power +clc; +clear; +close; +en=10^-9; +n=-log(en);// +c=3*10^8;//m/s +ht=6.62*10^-34;//plank constt. +B=10^7;//NO. OF BITS +h=0.85*10^-6;//wavelength in meter +Po=((20.7*ht*B*c)/(2*h));//pulse energy in pico Watt +Podb=10*(log10(Po));//pulse energy in dB when refrence level is one Watt +Podb1=10*(log10(Po*10^3));//pulse energy in dB when refrence level is one mili Watt +disp(Po, "minimum incident optical power in Watts is") +disp(Podb1 , "pulse energy in dB when refrence level is one miiliwatt in dBm") + diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.20/Ex_8_20.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.20/Ex_8_20.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..62908f204 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.20/Ex_8_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +// Example 8.20;//maximum length of the system +clc; +clear; +close; +af=0.20;//dB/km +ac1=0.05;//dB/km +k=4;// +b=1.2;//G bit/s +c=3*10^8;//m/s +h=1.55;//micro meter +sndb=17 +sn=10^(sndb/10);// +l=100;//km +hc=6.63*10^-34;// +lt=((10^-3*h*10^-6*(10^-((af+ac1)*(l/10)))*l*10^3)/(k*hc*c*b*10^12*sn));// +disp(lt,"maximum length of the system in km is") +//answer is wrong in the textbook diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.3.a/Ex_8_3_a.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.3.a/Ex_8_3_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a685518fd --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.3.a/Ex_8_3_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +// Example 8.3.a;//bit rate for the system +clc; +clear; +close; +wd=8;//bit wide +ts=32;//time slots +nb=ts*wd;//no. of bits in a frame +nf=8*10^3;//no. of frames +tr=nf*nb;//transmission rate +disp(tr*10^-6,"transmission rate for the system in M-bits-s^-1") diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.3.b/Ex_8_3_b.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.3.b/Ex_8_3_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..55bbdb025 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.3.b/Ex_8_3_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +// Example 8.3.b //duration of time slot +clc; +clear; +close; +wd=8;//bit wide +ts=32;//time slots +nb=ts*wd;//no. of bits in a frame +nf=8*10^3;//no. of frames +tr=nf*nb;//transmission rate +bdr1=1/tr;//bit duration +bdr=bdr1*wd;// +disp(bdr*10^6,"duration of time slot in micro seconds") diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.3.c/Ex_8_3_c.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.3.c/Ex_8_3_c.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1d5c65582 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.3.c/Ex_8_3_c.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// Example 8.3.c //duration of a frame and multiframe +clc; +clear; +close; +wd=8;//bit wide +ts=32;//time slots +nb=ts*wd;//no. of bits in a frame +nf=8*10^3;//no. of frames +tr=nf*nb;//transmission rate +bdr1=1/tr;//bit duration +bdr=bdr1*wd;// +df=bdr*10^6*ts;//duration of frame +dmf=df*(ts/2);//ms +disp(df,"duration of frame in micro seconds") +disp(dmf*10^-3,"duration of multiframe in milli seconds") diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.4/Ex_8_4.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.4/Ex_8_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4d92ca666 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.4/Ex_8_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Example 8.4 // Average nummber of photon +clc; +clear; +close; +//given data : +format('v',5) +M=80;// multiplication factor +K=0.02;// carrier ionization rates +eta=85/100;// quntum efficiency +Bt=0.6;// assuming a raised cosine signal spectrum +SbyN=144; +FM=(K*M)+(2-(1/M))*(1-K); +eta_max=(2*Bt*FM*SbyN)/(eta); +disp(eta_max,"The average number of photon,(photon) = ") +// answer is wrong in a textbook diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.5/Ex_8_5.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.5/Ex_8_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e3d70c069 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.5/Ex_8_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +// Example 8.5;//minumum incident optical power +clc; +clear; +close; +nmax=732;// +c=3*10^8;//m/s +ht=6.62*10^-34;//plank constt. +B=10^7;//NO. OF BITS +h=1*10^-6;//wavelength in meter +Po=((nmax*ht*B*c)/(2*h))*10^12;//pulse energy in pico Watt +Podb=10*(log10(Po));//pulse energy in dB when refrence level is one Watt +Podb1=10*(log10(Po*10^-9));//pulse energy in dB when refrence level is one mili Watt +disp(Podb1 , "pulse energy at bit rate of 10 M bit s^-1 in dBm") +B1=14*10^7;//NO. OF BITS +Po1=((nmax*ht*B1*c)/(2*h))*10^12;//pulse energy in pico Watt +Podb1=10*(log10(Po1));//pulse energy in dB when refrence level is one Watt +Podb2=10*(log10(Po1*10^-9));//pulse energy in dB when refrence level is one mili Watt +disp(Podb2 , "pulse energy at bit rate of 140 M bit s^-1 in dBm") +//at 10 M bit s^-1 power is calc ulated wrong in the book + diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.6/Ex_8_6.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.6/Ex_8_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9276eb498 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.6/Ex_8_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +// Example 8.6;//total channel loss +clc; +clear; +close; +afc=5;//attenuation in dB/km +aj=2;//splice loss in dB/km +l=5;//length in km +ac=3;//dB +ac1=4.5;//dB +cl=(afc+aj)*l+ac+ac1;//dB +disp(cl,"tota channel loss in dB is") diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.7.a/Ex_8_7_a.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.7.a/Ex_8_7_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c90b9b002 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.7.a/Ex_8_7_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// Example 8.7.a //dispersion equalization penalty +clc; +clear; +close; +sg=0.65;// ns km^-1 +l=8;//km +st=sg*l;//ns +bt=20;//M bit s^-1 +dlw=2*(2*st*10^-9*bt*10^6*sqrt(2))^4;//dB +st1=sg*sqrt(l);//ns +dlw1=2*(2*st1*10^-9*bt*10^6*sqrt(2))^4;//dB +disp(dlw,"dispersion equalization penalty in dB without mode coupling at bit rate of 20 M bit s^-1") +disp(dlw1,"dispersion equalization penalty in dB with mode coupling at bit rate of 20 M bit s^-1") +//penalty with mode coupling is calculated wrong in the book diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.7.b/Ex_8_7_b.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.7.b/Ex_8_7_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..95eb1d982 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.7.b/Ex_8_7_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +// Example 8.7.b;//dispersion equalization penalty +clc; +clear; +close; +sg=0.65;// ns km^-1 +l=8;//km +st=sg*l;//ns +bt=140;//M bit s^-1 +dlw=2*(2*st*10^-9*bt*10^6*sqrt(2))^4;//dB +st1=sg*sqrt(l);//ns +dlw1=2*(2*st1*10^-9*bt*10^6*sqrt(2))^4;//dB +disp(dlw,"dispersion equalization penalty in dB without mode coupling at bit rate of 20 M bit s^-1") +disp(dlw1,"dispersion equalization penalty in dB with mode coupling at bit rate of 20 M bit s^-1") +//answer is calculated wrong in the book diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.8/Ex_8_8.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.8/Ex_8_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9256c65de --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.8/Ex_8_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ + +// Example 8.8 //bit rate +clc; +clear; +close; +ts=8;//ns +l=8;//km +tn=4;//ns +tn1=tn*l;//ns +tc=1;// +tc1=tc*l;//ns +td=5;//ns +tsys=1.1*sqrt(ts^2+tn1^2+tc1^2+td^2);//ns +btmax=(0.7/(tsys*10^-9))*10^-6;//M bit/s +bt=btmax/2;// +disp(bt,"maximum bit rate for NRZ format in MHz") diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.9.a/Ex_8_9_a.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.9.a/Ex_8_9_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3e67f5df5 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.9.a/Ex_8_9_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +// Example 8.9.a //Link length +clc; +clear; +close; +pi=-3;//dBm +po=-56;//dBm +ac=2;//dBm +ma=8;//dBm +afc=0.4;//dBm +aj=0.1;//dBm +l=((pi-po-ac-ma)/(afc+aj));//km +disp(l,"link length when operating at 50 M bit/s in km is") diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.9.b/Ex_8_9_b.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.9.b/Ex_8_9_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..663ba9c8b --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.9.b/Ex_8_9_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +// Example 8.9.b;//Link length +clc; +clear; +close; +pi=-3;//dBm +po=-42;//dBm +ac=2;//dBm +ma=8;//dBm +afc=0.4;//dBm +aj=0.1;//dBm +l=((pi-po-ac-ma)/(afc+aj));//km +disp(l,"link length when operating at 500 M bit/s in km is") diff --git a/2183/CH8/EX8.9.c/Ex_8_9_c.sce b/2183/CH8/EX8.9.c/Ex_8_9_c.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0644ec5e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH8/EX8.9.c/Ex_8_9_c.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +// Example 8.9.c;//Link length +clc; +clear; +close; +pi=-3;//dBm +po=-42;//dBm +ac=2;//dBm +ma=8;//dBm +afc=0.4;//dBm +aj=0.1;//dBm +dl=1.5;//dbm +l=((pi-po-ac-ma-dl)/(afc+aj));//km +disp(l,"link length when dispersion equalisation penalty is included in km is") diff --git a/2183/CH9/EX9.1/Ex_9_1.sce b/2183/CH9/EX9.1/Ex_9_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..82edba842 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH9/EX9.1/Ex_9_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +// Example 9.1;//maximum termperature change
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+f=0.15;//GHz
+fc=18;//GHz/degree celsius
+ta=f/fc;//
+disp(ta,"maximum temperature change alowed in degree celsius is")
+
diff --git a/2183/CH9/EX9.2/Ex_9_2.sce b/2183/CH9/EX9.2/Ex_9_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..150bf973d --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH9/EX9.2/Ex_9_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +// Example 9.2;//bandwidth +clc; +clear; +close; +snl=-55.45;//dBm +ps=10^(snl/10);// +n=0.8;// +h=1.54;//micro meter +hc=6.63*10^-34;// +c=3*10^8;//m/s +sndb=12;// +sn=10^(sndb/10);// +b=((n*ps*10^-3*h*10^-6)/(hc*c*sn));// +disp(b*10^-9,"bandwidth in GHz is") +//answer is wrong in the textbook diff --git a/2183/CH9/EX9.3/Ex_9_3.sce b/2183/CH9/EX9.3/Ex_9_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ab0f6f175 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH9/EX9.3/Ex_9_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +// Example 9.3;//number of received photos +clc; +clear; +close; +ber=10^-9;// +x=-2*log10(ber);// +np1=4*x;//no. of received photons for ASK heterodyne sysnchronous detection +np2=-4*log(2*ber);//no. of received photons for ASK heterodyne non-sysnchronous detection +np3=x/2;//no. of received photons for PSK homodyne detection +disp(round(np1),"no. of received photons for ASK heterodyne sysnchronous detection") +disp(round(np2),"no. of received photons for ASK heterodyne non-sysnchronous detection") +disp(round(np3),"no. of received photons for PSK homodyne detection") diff --git a/2183/CH9/EX9.4/Ex_9_4.sce b/2183/CH9/EX9.4/Ex_9_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..81814be17 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH9/EX9.4/Ex_9_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +// Example 9.4 //minimum incoming power level +clc; +clear; +close; +ber=10^-9;// +x=-2*log10(ber);// +hc=6.63*10^-34;// +c=3*10^8;//m/s +bt=500;//Mbits/s +h=1.55;//micro meter +ps=((x*2*hc*c*bt*10^6)/(h*10^-6));//nW +disp(ps*10^9,"minimum incoming power level in nano Watts is") diff --git a/2183/CH9/EX9.5.a/Ex_9_5_a.sce b/2183/CH9/EX9.5.a/Ex_9_5_a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3ef3839be --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH9/EX9.5.a/Ex_9_5_a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +// Example 9.5.a;//maximum repeater spacing +clc; +clear; +close; +ber=10^-9;// +x1=-2*log10(ber);// +hc=6.63*10^-34;// +c=3*10^8;//m/s +bt=50;//Mbits/s +h=1.55;//micro meter +ps=((x1*2*hc*c*bt*10^6)/(h*10^-6));//nW +psdb=10*log10(ps*10^3);// +cl=0.25;//dB/km +x=4;//dBm +y=x-psdb;// +mrs1=y/cl;//km +disp(mrs1,"maximum repeater spacing in km at 50 M-bit/s system (ASK) in km is") +bt1=1;//Gbit/s +ps1=((x1*2*hc*c*bt1*10^9)/(h*10^-6));//nW +psdb1=10*log10(ps1*10^3);// +cl=0.25;//dB/km +x=4;//dBm +y1=x-psdb1;// +mrs2=y1/cl;//km +disp(mrs2,"maximum repeater spacing in km at 1 G-bit/s system (ASK) in km is") diff --git a/2183/CH9/EX9.5.b/Ex_9_5_b.sce b/2183/CH9/EX9.5.b/Ex_9_5_b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e22050452 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH9/EX9.5.b/Ex_9_5_b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +// Example 9.5.B;//maximum repeater spacing +clc; +clear; +close; +ber=10^-9;// +x1=-2*log10(ber);// +hc=6.63*10^-34;// +c=3*10^8;//m/s +bt=50;//Mbits/s +h=1.55;//micro meter +ps=(((x1/2)*hc*c*bt*10^6)/(h*10^-6));//nW +psdb=10*log10(ps*10^3);// +cl=0.25;//dB/km +x=4;//dBm +y=x-psdb;// +mrs1=y/cl;//km +disp(mrs1,"maximum repeater spacing in km at 50 M-bit/s system (PSK) in km is") +bt1=1;//Gbit/s +ps1=(((x1/2)*2*hc*c*bt1*10^9)/(h*10^-6));//nW +psdb1=10*log10(ps1*10^3);// +cl=0.25;//dB/km +x=4;//dBm +y1=x-psdb1;// +mrs2=y1/cl;//km +disp(mrs2,"maximum repeater spacing in km at 1 G-bit/s system (PSK) in km is") +//for 1 Gbit/s systme answer is wrong in the textbook diff --git a/2183/CH9/EX9.6/Ex_9_6.sce b/2183/CH9/EX9.6/Ex_9_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..108c73b98 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH9/EX9.6/Ex_9_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Example 9.6 // refractive index and 3dB spectral bandwidth +clc; +clear; +close; +//given data : +lamda=1.5*10^-6;// in m +L=300*10^-6;// in m +del_lamda=10^-9;// in m +n=lamda^2/(2*del_lamda*L); +disp(n,"refractive index , n = ") +R1=0.3; +R2=R1; +a=4.8;// in dB +Gs=10^(4.8/10); +c=3*10^8; +B=(c/(%pi*n*L)*asin((1-sqrt(R1*R2)*Gs)/(2*sqrt(sqrt(R1*R2)*Gs))))*10^-9; +disp(B," Spectral bandwidth,(GHz) = ") diff --git a/2183/CH9/EX9.7/Ex_9_7.sce b/2183/CH9/EX9.7/Ex_9_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9650a1ba7 --- /dev/null +++ b/2183/CH9/EX9.7/Ex_9_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +//Example 9.7// cavity gain +clc; +clear; +close; +x=0.5;// +y=(1-(sqrt(x)))/(1+sqrt(x));// +g=(y/(1-y)^2);// +disp("cavity gain is "+string(g)+"/(sqrt(R1*R2))") |