diff options
Diffstat (limited to '2078')
137 files changed, 2849 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/2078/CH1/EX1.1/Example1_1.sce b/2078/CH1/EX1.1/Example1_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..44889576b --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH1/EX1.1/Example1_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Exa 1.1
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+BaseVoltage=1100;//in Volts
+BasekVA=10^6;//kVA
+BasekV=BaseVoltage/1000;//kV
+IB=BasekVA/BasekV;//in Ampere
+ZB=BasekV*1000/IB;//in ohm
+disp(ZB,"Base Impedence (in ohm) :");
diff --git a/2078/CH1/EX1.2/Example1_2.sce b/2078/CH1/EX1.2/Example1_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e86278f42 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH1/EX1.2/Example1_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Exa 1.2
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+R=5;//in ohm
+kVA_B=10;//kVA
+kV_B=11;//kV
+RB=kV_B^2*1000/kVA_B;//in ohm
+Rpu=R/RB;//in ohm
+disp(Rpu,"Per unit resistance (pu) :");
diff --git a/2078/CH1/EX1.3/Example1_3.sce b/2078/CH1/EX1.3/Example1_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2d64604cd --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH1/EX1.3/Example1_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Exa 1.3
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+kVA_B=2.5;//kVA
+kV_B=0.4;//kV
+reactance=0.96;//in ohm
+Z_BLV=kV_B^2*1000/kVA_B;//in ohm
+Zpu=reactance/Z_BLV;//in ohm
+disp(Zpu,"Leakage reactance Per unit (pu) :");
diff --git a/2078/CH1/EX1.4/Example1_4.sce b/2078/CH1/EX1.4/Example1_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7a39cc8ce --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH1/EX1.4/Example1_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Exa 1.4
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',6);
+//Given data :
+Z=30+%i*110;//in ohm
+kVA_B=100*1000;//kVA
+kV_B=132;//kV
+Z_BLV=kV_B^2*1000/kVA_B;//in ohm
+Zpu=Z*kVA_B/kV_B^2/1000;//pu
+disp(Zpu,"Leakage reactance Per unit (pu) :");
diff --git a/2078/CH1/EX1.5/Example1_5.sce b/2078/CH1/EX1.5/Example1_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7683d778e --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH1/EX1.5/Example1_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Exa 1.5
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',6);
+//Given data :
+oldkVA_B=30000;//kVA
+oldkV_B=11;//kV
+oldZpu=0.2;//pu
+newkVA_B=50000;//kVA
+newkV_B=33;//kV
+newZpu=oldZpu*newkVA_B/oldkVA_B*(oldkV_B/newkV_B)^2;//pu
+disp(newZpu,"New Per unit impedence(pu) :");
diff --git a/2078/CH10/EX10.1/Example10_1.sce b/2078/CH10/EX10.1/Example10_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..792de019d --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH10/EX10.1/Example10_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Exa 10.1
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+L=200;//m
+w=0.7;//kg
+T=1400;//kg
+S=w*L^2/(8*T);//,m
+disp(S,"maximum sag(m) :");
diff --git a/2078/CH10/EX10.10/Example10_10.sce b/2078/CH10/EX10.10/Example10_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..10d3502e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH10/EX10.10/Example10_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Exa 10.10
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+wc=0.35;//kg/m
+stress=800;//kg/cm^2
+L=160;//m
+SF=2;//safety factor
+h=70-65;//m
+T=stress/SF;//kg
+x=L/2+T*h/(wc*L);//m
+disp(x,"Distance of lowest point(m)");
+S1=wc*x^2/SF/T;//max sag in air
+xmin=70-S1;//m
+disp(xmin,"minimum point of catenary above the ground(m)");
diff --git a/2078/CH10/EX10.11/Example10_11.sce b/2078/CH10/EX10.11/Example10_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..696bc1296 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH10/EX10.11/Example10_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Exa 10.11
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+L=200;//m
+h=10;//m
+D=2;//cm
+wc=2.3;//kg/m
+Pw=57.5;//kg/m^2(wind pressure)
+SF=4;//safety factor
+stress=4220;//kg/cm^2
+w_w=Pw*D*10^-2;//kg
+wr=sqrt(wc^2+w_w^2);//kg
+f=stress/SF;//kg/cm^2
+T=f*%pi/4*D^2;//kg
+x=L/2-T*h/(wr*L);//m
+S1=wr*x^2/2/T;//max sag in air
+disp(S1,"Slant sag(m)");
+Sdash=wc*x^2/2/T;//vertical sag
+disp(Sdash,"Vertical Sag(meter)");
diff --git a/2078/CH10/EX10.12/Example10_12.sce b/2078/CH10/EX10.12/Example10_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b685b3f48 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH10/EX10.12/Example10_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Exa 10.12
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+wc=1.925;//kg/m
+A=2.2;//cm^2
+f=8000;//kg/cm^2
+L=600;//m
+h=15;//m
+D=2;//cm
+SF=5;//safety factor
+wi=1;//kg(load)
+w=wi+wc;//kg
+T=f*A/SF;//kg
+x=L/2-T*h/(w*L);//m
+S2=w*(L-x)^2/2/T;//m
+disp(S2,"Vertical Sag(meter)");
diff --git a/2078/CH10/EX10.13/Example10_13.sce b/2078/CH10/EX10.13/Example10_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..803a054aa --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH10/EX10.13/Example10_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Exa 10.13
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+h=80-50;//m
+L=300;//m
+T=2000;//kg
+w=0.844;//kg/m
+x=L/2-T*h/(w*L);//m
+d_PO=L/2-x;//m
+d_BO=L-x;//m
+Smid=w*(L/2-x)^2/2/T;//m
+S2=w*(L-x)^2/2/T;//m
+Point_P=S2-Smid;//m
+disp("Mid point P is "+string(Point_P)+" meter below point B or "+string(80-Point_P)+" meter above the water level.");
diff --git a/2078/CH10/EX10.14/Example10_14.sce b/2078/CH10/EX10.14/Example10_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..493294d3c --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH10/EX10.14/Example10_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Exa 10.14
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+S1=25;//m
+S2=75;//m
+Point_P=45;//m
+L1=250;//m
+L2=125;//m(mid point)
+w=0.7;//kg/m
+h1=S2-S1;//m(for points A & B)
+h2=Point_P-S1;//m(for points A & B)
+//h1=w*L1/2/T*[L1-2*x]
+//h2=w*L2/2/T*[L2-2*x]
+x=(L1-h1/h2/L1*L2*L2)/(-h1/h2/L1*L2*2+2);//m
+T=(L1-2*x)/(h1/w/L1*2);//kg
+disp(T,"Stringing Tension(kg)");
diff --git a/2078/CH10/EX10.15/Example10_15.sce b/2078/CH10/EX10.15/Example10_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..56d2a9c19 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH10/EX10.15/Example10_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +//Exa 10.15
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+L=300;//m
+slope=1/20;
+w=0.80;//kg/m
+hl=30;//m
+T0=1500;//kg
+CD=L;//m
+tan_alfa=slope;
+ED=CD*tan_alfa;//m
+AC=hl;//m
+BE=hl;//m
+BD=BE+ED;//m
+//S1=w*x1^2/2/T0;//m
+//S2=w*(L-x1)^2/2/T0;//m
+h=15;//m
+ED=h;//m
+x1=L/2-T0*h/w/L;//m
+S1=w*x1^2/2/T0;//m
+S2=w*(L-x1)^2/2/T0;//m
+OG=AC-S1-x1*tan_alfa;//m
+Clearance=OG;//m
+disp(Clearance,"Clearance of the lowest point from ground(m)");
+//y=x*tan_alfa-OG;//m
+//C1=w*x^2/2/T0-(x/20-OG)
+x=T0/20/w;//m(Byy putting dC1/dx=0)
+C1=w*x^2/2/T0-(x/20-OG);//m
+disp(C1,"Minimum clearance(m)");
diff --git a/2078/CH10/EX10.16/Example10_16.sce b/2078/CH10/EX10.16/Example10_16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1df3676d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH10/EX10.16/Example10_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +//Exa 10.16
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+L=250;//m
+D=19.5;//mm
+A=2.25*10^-4;//m^2
+wc=0.85;//kg/m
+t1=35;//degree C
+t2=5;//degree C
+Pw=38.5;//kg/m^2
+alfa=18.44*10^-6;//per degree C
+E=9320;//kg/mm^2
+E=9320*10^6;//kg/m^2
+Breaking_Load=8000;//kg
+SF=2;//Safety factor
+T1=Breaking_Load/SF;//kg
+f1=T1/A;//kg/m^2
+w_w=Pw*D*10^-2;//kg
+w1=sqrt(wc^2+w_w^2);//kg
+w2=wc;
+//f2^2*[(f2-f1)+w1*L^2*E/24/f1^2/A^2+(t2-t1)*E]=w2*L^2*E/24/A^2
+//f2^3-f2^2*f1-w2*L^2*E/24/A^2=0
+P=[1 -1.0674*10^7 0 -3463.84*10^17];
+f2=roots(P);
+f2=f2(1);//kg/m^2
+S=w2*L^2/8/f2/A;//m
+disp(S,"Sag at erection(m)");
diff --git a/2078/CH10/EX10.2/Example10_2.sce b/2078/CH10/EX10.2/Example10_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0c6437691 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH10/EX10.2/Example10_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Exa 10.2
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+W=680;//kg/km
+L=260;//m
+U_strength=3100;//kg
+SF=2;//safety factor
+Clearance=10;//m
+T=U_strength/SF;//kg
+w=W/1000;//kg
+S=w*L^2/(8*T);//,m
+h=Clearance+S;//m
+disp(h,"Height above the ground(m) :");
diff --git a/2078/CH10/EX10.3/Example10_3.sce b/2078/CH10/EX10.3/Example10_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..dc646fe54 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH10/EX10.3/Example10_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Exa 10.3
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+w=700/1000;//kg/m
+L=300;//m
+Tmax=3500;//kg
+
+S_T0=w*L^2/8;//,m
+//Tmax=T0+w*S
+//T0^2-T0*Tmax-w*S_T0=0
+polynomial=[1 -Tmax w*S_T0];
+T0=roots(polynomial);//kg
+T0=T0(1);//+ve sign taken
+disp(T0,"Horizontal component of tension in kg is : ");
+S=S_T0/T0;//m
+disp(S,"Maximum sag in m : ");
+y=S/2;//m
+x=sqrt(2*y*T0/w);//m
+disp(x,"Sag will be half at the point where x coordinate(in m) will be : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH10/EX10.4/Example10_4.sce b/2078/CH10/EX10.4/Example10_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..42c54883d --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH10/EX10.4/Example10_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Exa 10.4
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+L=150;//m
+wc=1;//kg
+A=1.25;//cm^2
+U_stress=4200;//kg/cm^2
+Pw=100;//kg/m^2(Wind pressure)
+SF=4;//factor of safety
+W_stress=U_stress/SF;//kg/cm^2
+T=W_stress*A;//kg
+d=sqrt(A/(%pi/4));//cm
+w_w=Pw*d*10^-2;//kg
+wr=sqrt(wc^2+w_w^2);//kg
+S=wr*L^2/8/T;//m
+disp(S,"Maximum sag(m)");
diff --git a/2078/CH10/EX10.5/Example10_5.sce b/2078/CH10/EX10.5/Example10_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b6e78b603 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH10/EX10.5/Example10_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Exa 10.5
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+L=160;//m
+d=0.95;//cm
+wc=0.65;//kg/m
+U_stress=4250;//kg/cm^2
+Pw=40;//kg/m^2(Wind pressure)
+SF=5;//factor of safety
+W_stress=U_stress/SF;//kg/cm^2
+T=W_stress*%pi/4*d^2;//kg
+w_w=Pw*d*10^-2;//kg
+wr=sqrt(wc^2+w_w^2);//kg
+S=wr*L^2/8/T;//m
+disp(round(S),"Sag(meter)");
diff --git a/2078/CH10/EX10.6/Example10_6.sce b/2078/CH10/EX10.6/Example10_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..54b74763d --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH10/EX10.6/Example10_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Exa 10.6
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+L=180;//m
+D=1.27;//cm
+Pw=33.7;//kg/m^2(Wind pressure)
+r=1.25;//cm
+wc=1.13;//kg/cm^2
+U_stress=4220;//kg/cm^2
+SF=5;//factor of safety
+W_stress=U_stress/SF;//kg/cm^2
+T=W_stress*%pi/4*D^2;//kg
+S=wc*L^2/8/T;//msag in air
+disp(S,"Sag in still air(meter)");
+w1=2890.3*r*10^-2*(D+r)*10^-2;//kg/m
+w_w=Pw*(D+2*r)*10^-2;//kg
+wr=sqrt((wc+w1)^2+w_w^2);//kg
+Smax=wr*L^2/8/T;//msag in air
+disp(Smax,"Maximum Sag(meter)");
diff --git a/2078/CH10/EX10.7/Example10_7.sce b/2078/CH10/EX10.7/Example10_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..dbe599e13 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH10/EX10.7/Example10_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Exa 10.7
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+D=19.5;//mm
+wc=0.85;//kg/m
+L=275;//m
+Pw=39;//kg/m^2(Wind pressure)
+r=13;//mm
+U_stress=8000;//kg/cm^2
+SF=2;//factor of safety
+rho_i=910;//kg/m^3(density of ice)
+T=U_stress/SF;//kg
+wi=rho_i*%pi*r*10^-3*(D+r)*10^-3;//kg
+w_w=Pw*(D+2*r)*10^-3;//kg
+wr=sqrt((wc+wi)^2+w_w^2);//kg
+Smax=wr*L^2/8/T;//msag in air
+disp(Smax,"Maximum Sag(meter)");
diff --git a/2078/CH10/EX10.8/Example10_8.sce b/2078/CH10/EX10.8/Example10_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..68328e709 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH10/EX10.8/Example10_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Exa 10.8
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+wc=1;//kg/m
+L=280;//m
+D=20;//mm
+r=10;//mm
+Pw=40;//kg/m^2(Wind pressure)
+rho_i=910;//kg/m^3(density of ice)
+U_stress=10000;//kg/cm^2
+SF=2;//factor of safety
+wi=rho_i*%pi*r*10^-3*(D+r)*10^-3;//kg
+w_w=Pw*(D+2*r)*10^-3;//kg
+wr=sqrt((wc+wi)^2+w_w^2);//kg(Resultant force per m length of conductor)
+T=U_stress/SF;//kg
+Smax=wr*L^2/8/T;//msag in air
+disp(Smax,"Maximum Sag(meter)");
diff --git a/2078/CH10/EX10.9/Example10_9.sce b/2078/CH10/EX10.9/Example10_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7087a20b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH10/EX10.9/Example10_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Exa 10.9
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+L=250;//m
+D=1.42;//cm
+wc=1.09;//kg/m
+Pw=37.8;//kg/m^2(Wind pressure)
+r=1.25;//cm
+Lis=1.43;//m(insulator string length)
+Clearance=7.62;//m
+rho_i=913.5;//kg/m^3(density of ice)
+stress=1050;//kg/cm^2
+T=stress*%pi/4*D^2;//kg
+wi=rho_i*%pi*r*10^-2*(D+r)*10^-2;//kg
+w_w=Pw*(D+2*r)*10^-2;//kg
+wr=sqrt((wc+wi)^2+w_w^2);//kg(Resultant force per m length of conductor)
+Smax=wr*L^2/8/T;//max sag in air
+disp(Smax,"Sag in inclined direction(meter)");
+Sdash=Smax*(wc+wi)/wr;//max sag in air
+disp(Sdash,"Sag in vertical direction(meter)");
+h=Clearance+Sdash+Lis;//m
+disp(h,"Height of lowest cross arm(m)");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.1/Example11_1.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.1/Example11_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..fd2741f5f --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.1/Example11_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Exa 11.1
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+rho=5*10^14*10^-2;//ohm-m
+l=5*1000;//m
+r1=1.25;//m
+r2=r1+1;//m
+R_ins=rho/(2*%pi*l)*log(r2/r1);//ohm
+disp(R_ins/10^6,"Insulation resistance of cable(Mohm) :");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.10/Example11_10.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.10/Example11_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8fe66d17c --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.10/Example11_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +////Exa 11.10
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=1;//cm
+R=2.5;//cm
+d=2*r;//cm
+D=2*R;//cm
+epsilon_r1=5;//relative permitivity
+epsilon_r2=4;//relative permitivity
+epsilon_r3=3;//relative permitivity
+gmax=40;//KV/cm
+//epsilon_r1*d=epsilon_r2*d1=epsilon_r3*d2
+d1=(epsilon_r1/epsilon_r2)*d;//cm
+d2=(epsilon_r1/epsilon_r3)*d;//cm
+Vpeak=gmax/2*(d*log(d1/d)+d1*log(d2/d1)+d2*log(D/d2));//kV
+Vrms=Vpeak/sqrt(2);//kV
+disp(Vrms,"Working voltage(rms) for the cable (kV)");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.11/Example11_11.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.11/Example11_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4686240e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.11/Example11_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Exa 11.11
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+Vs=66;//kV
+d=1;//cm
+d1=1+2*1;//cm
+D=3+2*1;//cm
+epsilon_r1=3;//relative permitivity
+epsilon_r2=2.5;//relative permitivity
+g2maxBYg1max=d*epsilon_r1/(d1*epsilon_r2);
+Vmax=Vs*sqrt(2)/sqrt(3);//kV
+//Vmax=g1max*d/2*log(d1/d)+g2max*d1/2*log(D/d1);//kV
+g1max=Vmax/(d/2*log(d1/d)+g2maxBYg1max*d1/2*log(D/d1));//kV/cm
+disp(g1max,"Potential gradient at the surface of conductor(kV/cm)");
+g2max=g1max*g2maxBYg1max;//kV/cm
+disp(g2max,"Maximum stress in the outer dielectric(kV/cm)");
+Stress=g2max*d1/D;//kV/cm
+disp(Stress,"Stress at the surface of outer dielectric(kV/cm)");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.12/Example11_12.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.12/Example11_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5df723acb --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.12/Example11_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Exa 11.12
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+Vs=66;//kV
+d=2;//cm
+d1=2+2*1;//cm
+D=4+2*1;//cm
+epsilon_r1=5;//relative permitivity
+epsilon_r2=3;//relative permitivity
+g2maxBYg1max=d*epsilon_r1/(d1*epsilon_r2);
+Vmax=Vs*sqrt(2)/sqrt(3);//kV
+//Vmax=g1max*d/2*log(d1/d)+g2max*d1/2*log(D/d1);//kV
+g1max=Vmax/(d/2*log(d1/d)+g2maxBYg1max*d1/2*log(D/d1));//kV/cm
+disp(g1max,"Potential gradient at the surface of conductor(kV/cm)");
+g2max=g1max*g2maxBYg1max;//kV/cm
+disp(g2max,"Maximum stress in the outer dielectric(kV/cm)");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.13/Example11_13.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.13/Example11_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d1bcb4c0a --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.13/Example11_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Exa 11.13
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+Vs=66;//kV
+r=0.5;//cm
+g1max=50;//kV/cm
+g2max=40;//kV/cm
+g3max=30;//kV/cm
+epsilon_r1=4;//relative permitivity
+epsilon_r2=4;//relative permitivity
+epsilon_r3=2.5;//relative permitivity
+//Q=2*%pi*epsilon0*epsilon_r1*r*g1max=2*%pi*epsilon0*epsilon_r2*r*g2max=2*%pi*epsilon0*epsilon_r3*r*g3max
+r1=epsilon_r1*r*g1max/(epsilon_r2*g2max);//cm
+r2=epsilon_r2*r1*g2max/(epsilon_r3*g3max);//cm
+Vmax=Vs*sqrt(2);//kV
+//Vmax=g1max*r*log(r1/r)+g2max*r1*log(r2/r1)+g3max*r2*log(R/r2);//kV
+R=exp((Vmax-g1max*r*log(r1/r)-g2max*r1*log(r2/r1))/g3max/r2)*r2;//cm
+D=2*R;//cm
+disp(D,"Inner diameter of lead sheath(cm)");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.14/Example11_14.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.14/Example11_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..436ed9707 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.14/Example11_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Exa 11.14
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+Vrms=66;//kV
+Vmax=Vrms*sqrt(2);//kV
+gmax=60;//kV/cm
+d=2*Vmax/%e/gmax;//cm
+d1=%e*d;//cm
+V1=Vrms/%e;//kV
+dV=Vrms-V1;//kV(Voltage between sheath & intersheath)
+disp(dV,"Voltage between sheath & intersheath(kV)");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.15/Example11_15.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.15/Example11_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3504c486d --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.15/Example11_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Exa 11.15
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+Vs=66;//kV
+Vmax=Vs*sqrt(2)/sqrt(3);//kV
+D=6;//cm
+d=2.5;//cm
+d1=%e*d;//cm
+gmax=2*Vmax/d/log(D/d);//kV/cm
+disp(gmax,"Maximum stress without intersheath(kV/cm)");
+//d1/d=d2/d1=D/d2=alfa(say)
+alfa=(D/d)^(1/3);
+d1=alfa*d;//cm
+d2=alfa*d1;//cm
+gmax=Vmax/(d/2*log(d1/d)+d1/2*log(d2/d1)+d2/2*log(D/d2));//kV/cm
+V1max=gmax*d/2*log(d1/d);//kV
+V2max=gmax*d1/2*log(d2/d1);//kV
+Vpeak1=Vmax-V1max;//kV
+disp(Vpeak1,"Peak voltage on 1st intersheath(kV)");
+Vpeak2=Vpeak1-V2max;//kV
+disp(Vpeak2,"Peak voltage on 2nd intersheath(kV)");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.16/Example11_16.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.16/Example11_16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..181c12f79 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.16/Example11_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Exa 11.16
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+Vs=11;//kV
+f=50;//Hz
+l=2.5*1000;//m
+C_all3=1.8;//micro F
+Cdash=1.5;//micro F(2*Cc+Cs)
+Cs=C_all3/3;//micro F
+Cc=(Cdash-Cs)/2;//micro F
+C_N=3*Cc+Cs;//micro F
+disp(C_N,"Capacitance of core to neutral(micro F)");
+C_2=C_N/2;//micro F
+disp(C_2,"Capacitance between any two core(micro F)");
+Vp=Vs*1000/sqrt(3);//Volt
+Ic=2*%pi*f*Vp*C_N*10^-6;//A
+disp(Ic,"Charging current per phase(A)");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.17/Example11_17.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.17/Example11_17.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e168c302d --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.17/Example11_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Exa 11.17
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+l=10;//km
+Vs=10;//kV
+f=50;//Hz
+C=0.3;//micro F/km(between any two core)
+C2=l*C;//micro F(between any two core)
+C_N=2*C2;//micro F
+Vp=Vs*1000/sqrt(3);//Volt
+Ic=2*%pi*f*Vp*C_N*10^-6;//A
+kVA=3*Vp*Ic/1000;//kVAR
+disp(kVA,"kVA taken by the cable(kVAR)");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.18/Example11_18.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.18/Example11_18.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c5785af20 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.18/Example11_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Exa 11.18
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+Cs3=1;//micro F/km(between shorted conductor)
+Cs=Cs3/3;//micro F
+Cdash=0.6;//micro F(Cdash=2*Cc+Cs : between two shorted conductor)
+Cc=(Cdash-Cs)/2;//micro F
+C2=1/2*[3*Cc+Cs];//micro F
+disp(C2,"Capacitance between any two cores(micro F)");
+C2dash=2*Cc+2/3*Cs;//micro F
+disp(C2dash,"Capacitance between any two shorted conductors and third conductor(micro F)");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.19/Example11_19.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.19/Example11_19.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..bb6281642 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.19/Example11_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Exa 11.19
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+Vs=33;//kV
+f=50;//Hz
+l=3.4;//km
+d=2.5;//cm
+D=d+2*0.6;//cm
+epsilon_r=3.1;//relative permitivity
+C=0.024*epsilon_r/log10(D/d)*l*1000*1000*10^-6;// F/phase
+Vp=Vs*1000/sqrt(3);//Volt
+Ic=2*%pi*f*C*10^-6*Vp;//A
+kVAR=3*Vp*Ic*10^-3;//kVAR
+disp(kVAR,"Total charging kVAR : ");
+Emax=Vp/(d/2*log(D/d))*10^-3;//kV/cm
+disp(Emax,"Maximum stress in the cable(kV/cm) ");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.2/Example11_2.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.2/Example11_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ab8cbe407 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.2/Example11_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Exa 11.2
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+rho=5*10^14*10^-2;//ohm-m
+l=5*1000;//m
+r1=2.5;//m
+r2=r1+1;//m
+R_ins=rho/(2*%pi*l)*log(r2/r1);//ohm
+disp(R_ins/10^6,"Insulation resistance of cable(Mohm) :");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.20/Example11_20.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.20/Example11_20.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..19f450ba7 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.20/Example11_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Exa 11.20
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+Vs=11;//kV
+f=50;//Hz
+D=2;//cm
+d=0.5;//cm
+epsilon_r=3.5;//relative permitivity
+pf=0.05;//power factor
+C=0.024*epsilon_r/log10(D/d)*10^-6;// F/km
+disp(C*10^6,"Capacitance of the cable(micro F)");
+Vp=Vs*1000/sqrt(3);//Volt
+Ic=2*%pi*f*C*Vp;//A
+disp(Ic,"Charging current(A)");
+fi=acosd(pf);//degree
+del=90-fi;//degree(Dielectric loss angle)
+loss_dielectric=2*%pi*f*C*Vp^2*tand(del);//W
+disp(loss_dielectric,"Dielectric loss(W)");
+R_INS=Vp^2/loss_dielectric;//ohm
+disp(R_INS/10^6,"Equivalent insulation resistance(Mohm)");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.21/Example11_21.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.21/Example11_21.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..bf38ae33c --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.21/Example11_21.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Exa 11.21
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+Vs=11;//kV
+f=50;//Hz
+C_N_by_2=2.5;//micro F(between 2 core 1 core shorted)
+C_N=C_N_by_2*2;//micro F
+Vp=Vs*1000/sqrt(3);//Volt
+Ic=2*%pi*f*Vp*C_N*10^-6;//A
+R_INS2=810;//kohm
+R_INS=R_INS2/2;//kohm
+del=atand(1/(R_INS*10^3*2*%pi*f*C_N*10^-6));//degree
+disp(del,"Loss angle(degree)");
+Ie=Vp/R_INS/1000;//A
+I=sqrt(Ic^2+Ie^2);//A
+disp(I,"No load current drawn by cable(A)");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.3/Example11_3.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.3/Example11_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2e1aa2030 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.3/Example11_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Exa 11.3
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+l=3000;//cm
+d1=1.5;//cm
+r1=d1/2;//cm
+d2=5;//cm
+r2=d2/2;//cm
+R_INS=1800;//Mohm
+rho=R_INS*10^6*(2*%pi*l)/log(r2/r1);//ohm-m
+disp(rho,"Resistivity (ohm-m) :");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.4/Example11_4.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.4/Example11_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5e3b94cc5 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.4/Example11_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Exa 11.4
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+V1=11000;//Volt
+f=50;//Hz
+a=0.645;//cm^2
+d=sqrt(4*a/%pi);//cm
+d=d/100;//m
+D=2.18/100;//m
+epsilon_r=3.5;//relative permitivity
+V=V1*sqrt(2)/sqrt(3);//V(assuming 3 phase system)
+gmax=2*V/d/log(D/d);//V/m
+gmax=gmax/10^5;//KV/cm
+disp(gmax,"Maximum electrostatic stress(kV/cm)");
+gmin=2*V/D/log(D/d);//V/m
+gmin=gmin/10^5;//kV/cm
+disp(gmin,"Minimum electrostatic stress(kV/cm)");
+C=0.024*epsilon_r/log10(D/d);//micro F
+disp(C*10^-6,"Capacitance per km length(F)");//
+Vp=V1/sqrt(3);//V
+Ic=2*%pi*f*C*10^-6*Vp;//A
+disp(Ic,"Charging Current per phase per km length(A)");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.5/Example11_5.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.5/Example11_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..cc718d514 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.5/Example11_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Exa 11.5
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+VL=33*1000;//Volt
+f=50;//Hz
+l=3.4;//km
+d=2.5;//cm
+radial_thick=0.6;//cm
+epsilon_r=3.1;//relative permitivity
+V=VL*sqrt(2)/sqrt(3);//V(assuming 3 phase system)
+D=d+2*radial_thick;//cm
+D=D/100;//cm
+d=d/100;//m
+gmax=2*V/d/log(D/d);//V/m
+disp(gmax,"Maximum electrostatic stress(V/m)");
+C=0.024*epsilon_r*l/log10(D/d);//micro F
+Vp=VL/sqrt(3);//V
+Ic=2*%pi*f*C*10^-6*Vp;//A
+kVA=sqrt(3)*VL*Ic*10^-3;//kVAR
+disp(kVA,"Total charging kVA(kVAR)");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.6/Example11_6.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.6/Example11_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e54b0e2e4 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.6/Example11_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Exa 11.6
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+VL=10*1000;//Volt
+Emax=23;//kV/cm
+gmax=Emax*10^5;//V/m
+d=2*VL/gmax;//m
+disp(d*10^3,"Diameter of conductor(mm)");
+D=%e*d;//m
+disp(D*10^3,"Internal diameter of sheath(mm)");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.7/Example11_7.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.7/Example11_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..88d2df1e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.7/Example11_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Exa 11.7
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+VL=132*1000;//Volt
+gmax=60;//kV/cm(peak)
+gmax=gmax/sqrt(2)*10^5;//V/m(rms)
+V=VL/sqrt(3);//Volt
+d=2*V/gmax;//m
+disp(d*10^3,"Diameter of conductor(mm)");
+D=%e*d;//m
+disp(D*10^3,"Internal diameter of sheath(mm)");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.8/Example11_8.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.8/Example11_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6594c2d59 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.8/Example11_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Exa 11.8
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=0.5;//cm
+R=3.5;//cm
+r1=1;//cm
+g1max=34;//kV/cm(peak)
+epsilon_r=5;//relative permitivity
+g2max=g1max*r/r1/epsilon_r;//kV/cm(peak)
+Vpeak=r*g1max*log(r1/r)+r1*g2max*log(R/r1);//kV
+Vrms=Vpeak/sqrt(2);//kV
+disp(Vrms,"RMS value of max safe working voltage(kV)");
diff --git a/2078/CH11/EX11.9/Example11_9.sce b/2078/CH11/EX11.9/Example11_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ebac6f991 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH11/EX11.9/Example11_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +////Exa 11.9
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+g1max=60;//kV/cm
+g2max=50;//kV/cm
+epsilon_r1=4;//relative permitivity
+epsilon_r2=2.5;//relative permitivity
+D=5;//cm(sheat inside diameter)
+d=1;//cm
+//g1max/g2max=epsilon_r2*d1/(epsilon_r1*d)
+d1=g1max/g2max/epsilon_r2*(epsilon_r1*d);//cm
+t_inner=(d1-d)/2;//cm
+disp(t_inner*10,"Radial thickness of inner dielectric(mm)");
+t_outer=(D-d1)/2;//cm
+disp(t_outer*10,"Radial thickness of outer dielectric(mm)");
+Vpeak=g1max/2*d*log(d1/d)+g2max/2*d1*log(D/d1);//kV
+Vrms=Vpeak/sqrt(2);//kV
+disp(Vrms,"Maximum working voltage(rms in kV)");
diff --git a/2078/CH12/EX12.1/Example12_1.sce b/2078/CH12/EX12.1/Example12_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b7aa457fc --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH12/EX12.1/Example12_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Exa 12.1
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',6);
+//Given data :
+f=50;//Supply frequency in Hz
+C=4.5*10^-6;//in Farad
+Omega_L=1/3/2/%pi/f/C;//in ohm
+disp(Omega_L,"Reactance of coil (ohm) :");
diff --git a/2078/CH12/EX12.2/Example12_2.sce b/2078/CH12/EX12.2/Example12_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..98dac594a --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH12/EX12.2/Example12_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Exa 12.2
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',5);
+//Given data :
+V=132*1000;//V
+f=50;//Hz
+r=10/1000;//m
+d1=4;//m
+d2=4;//m
+d3=d1+d2;//m
+epsilon_o=8.854*10^-12;//constant
+l_tl=192*1000;//length of transmission line in m
+C=2*%pi*epsilon_o/log((d1*d2*d3)^(1/3)/r)*l_tl;//in Farad
+L=1/3/(2*%pi*f)^2/C;//H
+disp(L,"Necessary Inductance of peterson coil in H : ");
+VP=V/sqrt(3);//V
+IL=VP/(2*%pi*f)/L;//A
+Rating=VP*IL/1000;//kVA
+disp(Rating/1000,"Rating of supressor coil in MVA :");
diff --git a/2078/CH2/EX2.1/Example2_1.sce b/2078/CH2/EX2.1/Example2_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..be4b8762d --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH2/EX2.1/Example2_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Exa 2.1
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+VL1=220;//Volts
+VL2=400;//Volts
+disp("We know, W=I^2*2*R=(P/VL)^2*2*rho*l/a");
+disp("a=(P/VL)^2*2*rho*l/(I^2*2*R)");
+disp("v=2*(P/VL)^2*2*rho*l/(I1^2*2)*l");
+saving=(2/(VL1)^2-2/(VL2)^2)/(2/(VL1)^2)*100;//%
+disp(saving,"% saving in copper : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH2/EX2.2/Example2_2.sce b/2078/CH2/EX2.2/Example2_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..832489dc4 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH2/EX2.2/Example2_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Exa 2.2
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+
+disp("Two wire dc system : ");
+disp("I1=P/V & W=2*I1^2*R1=2*P^2*rho*l/V^2/a1");
+disp("Therefore, Volume required, v1 is 2*a1*l=4*P^2*rho*l^2/V^2/W");
+disp("Three phase four wire system : ");
+disp("I2=P/3/Vas Power by each phase is P/3 & W=3*I1^2*R2=P^2*rho*l/3/V^2/a2");
+disp("Therefore, Volume required, v2 is 3.5*a2*l=3.5*P^2*rho*l^2/3/V^2/W");
+v2BYv1=3.5/3/4;//
+disp("For 3-phase four wire system material required is "+string(v2BYv1)+" times the material required in two wire system.");
diff --git a/2078/CH2/EX2.3/Example2_3.sce b/2078/CH2/EX2.3/Example2_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2e94cf6d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH2/EX2.3/Example2_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Exa 2.3
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+
+disp("For single phase ac system, P1=V*I1*cosd(fi) watts & W1=2*I1^2*R watts");
+disp("Line losses=W1/P1*100=2*I1^2*R*100/V/I1/cosd(fi)");
+disp("For three phase ac system, P2=sqrt(3)*V*I2*cosd(fi) watts & W2=3*I2^2*R watts");
+disp("Line losses=W2/P2*100=3*I2^2*R*100/sqrt(3)/V/I2/cosd(fi)");
+//on equating W1/P1*100=W2/P2*100
+I2BYI1=2*sqrt(3)/3;
+P1=poly(0,'P1');
+//P2=sqrt(3)*V*I1*I2BYI1*cosd(fi)=2*P1
+P2=2*P1;
+Add_load=P2-P1;
+Percent_add_load=coeff(numer(Add_load/P1*100));//%
+disp(Percent_add_load,"Additional load that can be tranmitted by converting sigle to 3-phase line in %");
diff --git a/2078/CH2/EX2.4/Example2_4.sce b/2078/CH2/EX2.4/Example2_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..988d6ab4b --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH2/EX2.4/Example2_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Exa 2.4
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+
+disp("For three wire dc system, line current I1=(VS-VL)/R & P1=2*VL*I1=2*VL*(VS-VL)/R");
+disp("For four wire three phase ac system, line current I2=(VS-VL)/R & P2=3*VL*I2*pf=3*VL*(VS-VL)/R");
+//P2=3/2*2*VL*(VS-VL)/R////It implies that P2=3/2*P1
+P1=poly(0,'P1');
+P2=3/2*P1;
+Diff=P2-P1;
+Percent_Diff=coeff(numer(Diff/P1*100));//%
+disp(Percent_Diff,"Extra power that can be supplied in %");
diff --git a/2078/CH2/EX2.5/Example2_5.sce b/2078/CH2/EX2.5/Example2_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..14d8f3d2d --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH2/EX2.5/Example2_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Exa 2.5
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+
+pf=0.9;//power factor
+disp("Three wire dc system : ");
+disp("P1=2*I1*V & %P1loss=2*I1^2*R/(2*I1*V)*100=100*I1*R/V");
+disp("Three phase 4-wire ac system : ");
+disp("P2=3*I1^2*V*pf & %P2loss=3*I2^2*R/(3*I2*V*pf)*100=100*I12*R/pf/V");
+//on equating P1loss=P2loss;
+I2BYI1=100*pf/100;//ratio
+//P2=3*I2*V*pf
+P2BYI1V=3*pf*I2BYI1;
+P2BYP1=P2BYI1V/2;
+//LoadIncrease=(P2-P1)*100/P1;
+LoadIncrease=(P2BYP1-1)*100;//%
+disp(LoadIncrease,"% Additional load : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH2/EX2.6/Example2_6.sce b/2078/CH2/EX2.6/Example2_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7c1714208 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH2/EX2.6/Example2_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Exa 2.6
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',6);
+//Given data :
+Pin=100;//MW
+VL=380;//kV
+d=100;//km
+R=0.045;//ohm/cm^2/km
+w=0.01;//kg/cm^3
+Eta=90;//efficiency %
+cosfi=1;
+IL=Pin*10^6/sqrt(3)/VL/10^3/cosfi;//Ampere
+W=Pin*(1-Eta/100);//MW
+LineLoss=W*10^6/3;//Watts/conductor
+R1=LineLoss/IL^2;//in ohm
+R2=R1/d;//resistance per conductor per km
+a=R/R2;//in cm^2
+volume=a*d*1000;//cm^3 per km run
+weight=w*volume;//kg per km run
+w3=3*d*weight;//kg(weight of copper required for 3 conductors for 100 km)
+disp(w3,"Weight of copper required for 3 conductors of 100 km length(in kg) : ");
+//Answer in the book is not accurate.
diff --git a/2078/CH3/EX3.1/Example3_1.sce b/2078/CH3/EX3.1/Example3_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b9f44882a --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH3/EX3.1/Example3_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +//Exa 3.1
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+P=30*10^6;//W
+pf=0.8;//lagging power factor
+VL=132*1000;//V
+l=120*1000;//m
+Eta=90/100;//Efficiency
+rho_Cu=1.78*10^-8;//ohm-m
+D_Cu=8.9*10^3;//kg/m^3
+rho_Al=2.6*10^-8;//ohm-m
+D_Al=2*10^3;//kg/m^3
+IL=P/(sqrt(3)*VL*pf);//A
+//W=3*IL^2*rho*l/a=(1-Eta)*P
+a_Cu=(3*IL^2*rho_Cu*l)/(1-Eta)/P;//m^2
+V_Cu=3*a_Cu*l;//m^3
+Wt_Cu=V_Cu*D_Cu;//kg
+disp(Wt_Cu,"Weight of copper required(kg)");
+a_Al=(3*IL^2*rho_Al*l)/(1-Eta)/P;//m^2
+V_Al=3*a_Al*l;//m^3
+Wt_Al=V_Al*D_Al;//kg
+disp(Wt_Al,"Weight of Alluminium required(kg)");
+//Answer in the textbook is not accurate.
diff --git a/2078/CH3/EX3.2/Example3_2.sce b/2078/CH3/EX3.2/Example3_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..aa04d8055 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH3/EX3.2/Example3_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Exa 3.2
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+a=poly(0,'a');
+cost=90*a+20;//Rs./m
+i=10;//%(interest and depreciation)
+l=2;//km
+cost_E=4;//paise/unit
+Im=250;//A
+a=1;//cm^2
+rho_c=0.173;//ohm/km/cm^2
+l2=1*1000;//km
+R=rho_c*l/a;//ohm
+W=2*Im^2*R;//W
+Eloss=W/1000*365*24/2;//per annum(kWh)
+P3BYa=cost_E/100*Eloss;//Rs
+Cc=90*a*l*1000;//Rs(capital cost of feeder cable)
+P2a=Cc*i/100;//Rs
+//P2a=P3BYa;//For most economical cross section
+a=sqrt(P3BYa*a/(P2a/a));//cm^2
+disp(a,"Most economical cross sectional area in cm^2 : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH3/EX3.3/Example3_3.sce b/2078/CH3/EX3.3/Example3_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a745baad1 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH3/EX3.3/Example3_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Exa 3.3
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+t=2600;//hour
+Con_Cost=3;//Rs/kg(conductor cost)
+R=1.78*10^-8;//ohm-m
+D=6200;//kg/m^3
+E_Cost=10/100;//Rs/unit(energy cost)
+i=12;//%(interest and depreciation)
+a=poly(0,'a');//mm^2 ////cross sectional area
+W=a*1000*D/1000/1000;//kg/km(Weight of conductor of 1km length)
+cost=Con_Cost*W;//Rs./km(cost of conductor of 1km length)
+In_Dep=cost*i/100;//Rs(Annual interest and depreciation per conductor per km)
+In_DepBYa=In_Dep/a;
+I=poly(0,'I');//A
+E_lost_aBY_Isqr=R*1000/10^-6*t/1000;//Energy lost/annum/km/conductor
+E_lost_cost_aBY_Isqr=E_Cost*E_lost_aBY_Isqr;//Rs/annum
+//In_Dep=E_lost_cost;//For most economical cross section
+IBYa=sqrt(coeff(numer(In_DepBYa)/numer(E_lost_cost_aBY_Isqr)));//cm^2
+disp(IBYa,"Best current density in A/mm^2 : ");
+//Answer in the textbook is not accurate.
diff --git a/2078/CH3/EX3.4/Example3_4.sce b/2078/CH3/EX3.4/Example3_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..514679e5f --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH3/EX3.4/Example3_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//Exa 3.4
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+V=11;//kV
+P=1500;//kW
+pf=0.8;//lagging power factor
+t=300*8;//hours
+a=poly(0,'a');//cross section area
+Cc=8000+20000*a//Rs/km
+R=0.173/a;//ohm/km
+E_lost_cost=2/100;//Rs/unit
+i=12;//%(interest and depreciation)
+Cc_var=20000*a//Rs/km(variable cost)
+P2a=Cc_var*i/100;//Rs/km
+P2=P2a/a;
+I=P/sqrt(3)/V/pf;//A
+W=3*I^2*R;//W
+E_loss=W/1000*t;//kWh
+P3BYa=E_lost_cost*E_loss;//Rs
+//P2a=P3BYa;//For most economical cross section
+a=sqrt(coeff((numer(P3BYa))/coeff(numer(P2))));//cm^2
+d=sqrt(4*a/%pi);//cm
+del=I/a;//A/cm^2
+disp(d,"Diameter of conductor in cm : ");
+disp(del,"Most economical current density in A/cm^2 : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH3/EX3.5/Example3_5.sce b/2078/CH3/EX3.5/Example3_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ebfb28bb7 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH3/EX3.5/Example3_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Exa 3.5
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+a=poly(0,'a');//cross section area
+I=poly(0,'I');//Current
+Cc=500+2000*a//Rs/km
+i=12;//%(interest and depreciation)
+E_lost_cost=5/100;//Rs/kWh
+rho=1.78*10^-8;//ohm-cm
+load_factor=0.12;
+Cc_var=2000*a//Rs/km(variable cost)
+P2a=Cc_var*i/100;//Rs/km
+P2=P2a/a;
+R_into_a=rho*1000/(10^-4);//ohm
+W_into_a=I^2*R_into_a;//W
+E_loss_into_a=W_into_a*load_factor/1000*8760;//kWh
+P3BYIsqr=E_lost_cost*E_loss_into_a/I^2;//Rs
+//P2a=P3BYa;//For most economical cross section
+IBYa=sqrt(coeff((numer(P2))/coeff(numer(P3BYIsqr))));//cm^2
+disp(IBYa,"Most economical current density in A/cm^2 : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH3/EX3.6/Example3_6.sce b/2078/CH3/EX3.6/Example3_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5e9a98654 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH3/EX3.6/Example3_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Exa 3.6
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+A=poly(0,'A');//cross section area
+I=poly(0,'I');//Current
+Cc=500+2000*A//Rs/km
+load_factor=0.12;
+i=12;//%(depreciation)
+E_lost_cost=0.05;//Rs/kWh
+R=0.17/A;//ohm/km
+
+Cc_var=2000*A//Rs/km(variable cost)
+P2A=Cc_var*i/100;//Rs/km
+P2=P2A/A;
+R_into_A=R*A;//ohm
+W_into_A_BY_Isqr=R_into_A;//W
+E_loss_into_A_BY_Isqr=W_into_A_BY_Isqr*load_factor/1000*8760;//kWh
+P3BYIsqr=E_lost_cost*E_loss_into_A_BY_Isqr;//Rs
+//P2a=P3BYa;//For most economical cross section
+IBYa=sqrt(coeff((numer(P2))/coeff(numer(P3BYIsqr))));//cm^2
+disp(IBYa,"Most economical current density in A/cm^2 : ");
+//Answer in the textbook is wrong.
diff --git a/2078/CH3/EX3.7/Example3_7.sce b/2078/CH3/EX3.7/Example3_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2521dcf62 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH3/EX3.7/Example3_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +//Exa 3.7
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+P1=1000;//kW
+pf1=0.8;//
+t1=10;//hours
+P2=500;//kW
+pf2=0.9;//
+t2=8;//hours
+P3=100;//kW
+pf3=1;//
+t3=6;//hours
+a=poly(0,'a');//cross section area
+I=poly(0,'I');//Current
+L=poly(0,'L');//length in km
+CcBYL=(8000*a+1500)//Rs/km(variable cost)
+i=10;//%(depreciation)
+E_lost_cost=80/100;//Rs/kWh
+rho=1.72*10^-6;//ohm-cm
+Cc_varBYL=8000*a*i/100//Rs/km(variable cost)
+I1=P1*1000/sqrt(3)/10000/pf1;//A
+I2=P2*1000/sqrt(3)/10000/pf2;//A
+I3=P3*1000/sqrt(3)/10000/pf3;//A
+R_into_a_BY_L=rho*1000*100;//ohm
+W_into_A_BY_Isqr=R_into_a_BY_L;//W
+E_loss_into_A_BY_L=3*R_into_a_BY_L*[I1^2*t1+I2^2*t2+I3^2*t3]*365/1000;//kWh
+E_loss_cost_into_A_BY_L=E_loss_into_A_BY_L*E_lost_cost;//Rs
+//Cc_var=E_loss_cost;//For most economical cross section
+a=sqrt(coeff((numer(E_loss_cost_into_A_BY_L))/coeff(numer(Cc_varBYL/a))));//cm^2
+disp(a,"Most economical cross sectional area in cm^2 : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.1/Example4_1.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.1/Example4_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8d1bdbec4 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.1/Example4_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Exa 4.1
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+f=50;//Hz
+d=1*100;//cm
+r=1.25/2;//cm
+r_dash=r*0.7788;//cm
+L=0.4*log(d/r_dash);//mH
+disp(L,"Loop inductance per km(mH)");
+XL=2*%pi*f*L*10^-3;//ohm/Km
+disp(XL,"Reactance of transmission line(ohm/km)");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.10/Example4_10.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.10/Example4_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..73586bed8 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.10/Example4_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Exa 4.10
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=1.2/2*10;//mm
+rdash=0.7788*r;//mm
+d=3.5*1000;//mm
+L=2*10^-7*log(d/rdash);//H/m
+Lav=1/3*(L+L+L);//H/m
+d=rdash*exp(Lav/(2*10^-7)-1/3*log(2));//mm
+disp(d/1000,"Spacing between adjacent conductors(m)");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.11/Example4_11.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.11/Example4_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a4f6f4681 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.11/Example4_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Exa 4.11
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=20;//mm
+rdash=0.7788*r;//mm
+d=7*1000;//mm
+L=10^-7*log(sqrt(3)/2*d/rdash);//H/m
+disp(L*10^3/10^-3,"Spacing between adjacent conductors(mH)");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.12/Example4_12.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.12/Example4_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6e1c4e325 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.12/Example4_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//Exa 4.12
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=0.9;//cm
+rdash=0.7788*r*10^-2;//m
+daa_dash=sqrt(6^2+6^2);//m
+dbb_dash=7;//m
+dcc_dash=daa_dash;//m
+daa=rdash;//m
+d_adash_adash=rdash;//m
+d_adash_a=daa_dash;//m
+Dsa=(daa*daa_dash*d_adash_adash*d_adash_a)^(1/4);//m
+Dsb=(daa*7)^(1/2);//m
+Dsc=(daa*daa_dash)^(1/2);//m
+Ds=(Dsa*Dsb*Dsc)^(1/3);//m
+dab=sqrt(3^2+0.5^2);//m
+dab_dash=sqrt(3^2+6.5^2);//m
+d_adash_b=sqrt(3^2+6.5^2);//m
+d_adash_bdash=sqrt(3^2+0.5^2);//m
+Dab=(dab*dab_dash*d_adash_b*d_adash_bdash)^(1/4);//m
+Dbc=((dab*dab_dash)^2)^(1/4);//m
+Dca=((6*6)^2)^(1/4);//m
+Dm=(Dab*Dbc*Dca)^(1/3);//m
+L=0.2*log(Dm/Ds);//mH/km
+disp(L,"Inductance per phase(mH/km)");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.13/Example4_13.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.13/Example4_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..def868d03 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.13/Example4_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +//Exa 4.13
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',5)
+//Given data :
+r=5/2;//mm
+rdash=2.176*r*10^-3;//m
+daa_dash=sqrt(6^2+16^2);//m
+dbb_dash=6;//m
+dcc_dash=daa_dash;//m
+dab=8;//m
+dab_dash=sqrt(6^2+8^2);//m
+dbc=8;//m
+dbc_dash=sqrt(6^2+8^2);//m
+dca=16;//m
+dca_dash=6;//m
+Dsa=sqrt(rdash*daa_dash);//m
+Dsb=sqrt(rdash*dbb_dash);//m
+Dsc=sqrt(rdash*dcc_dash);//m
+Ds=(Dsa*Dsb*Dsc)^(1/3);//m
+disp(Ds,"GMD(m) : ");
+Dab=(dab*dab_dash)^(1/2);//m
+Dbc=(dbc*dbc_dash)^(1/2);//m
+Dca=(dca*dca_dash)^(1/2);//m
+Dm=(Dab*Dbc*Dca)^(1/3);//m
+disp(Dm,"Deq or Dm(m) : ");
+L=0.2*log(Dm/Ds);//mH/km
+L=L*10^-3*100;//H(for 100 km line)
+disp(L,"Inductance of 100 km line(H)");
+///Alternate method is given below
+d1=dab;//m
+d2=dca_dash;//m
+L=0.2*log(2^(1/6))*sqrt(d1/rdash)*((d1^2+d2^2)/(4*d1^2+d2^2))^(1/6);//mH
+L=L*10^-3*100;//H(for 100 km line)
+disp(L,"Using Alternate method, Inductance of 100 km line(H)");
+
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.14/Example4_14.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.14/Example4_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..edfcd553f --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.14/Example4_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Exa 4.14
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=5/2;//cm
+rdash=0.7788*r*10^-2;//m
+d=6.5;//m
+s=0.4;//m
+Ds=sqrt(rdash*s);//m
+dab=6.5;//m
+dab_dash=6.9;//m
+d_adash_b=6.1;//m
+d_adash_bdash=6.5;//m
+Dab=(dab*dab_dash*d_adash_b*d_adash_bdash)^(1/4);//m
+Dbc=Dab;//m
+dca=13;//m
+dca_dash=12.6;//m
+d_cdash_a=13.4;//m
+d_cdash_adash=13;//m
+Dca=(dca*dca_dash*d_cdash_a*d_cdash_adash)^(1/4);//m
+Dm=(Dab*Dbc*Dca)^(1/3);//m
+L=0.2*log(Dm/Ds);//mH/km
+disp(L,"Inductance per phase(mH/km)");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.15/Example4_15.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.15/Example4_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ac8ecb33f --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.15/Example4_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +//Exa 4.15
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+f=50;//Hz
+r=3.5/2;//cm
+rdash=0.7788*r*10^-2;//m
+d=7;//m
+s=40/100;//m
+Ds=sqrt(rdash*s);//m
+dab=7;//m
+dab_dash=7.4;//m
+d_adash_b=6.6;//m
+d_adash_bdash=7;//m
+Dab=(dab*dab_dash*d_adash_b*d_adash_bdash)^(1/4);//m
+Dbc=Dab;//m
+dca=14;//m
+dca_dash=13.6;//m
+d_cdash_a=14.4;//m
+d_cdash_adash=14;//m
+Dca=(dca*dca_dash*d_cdash_a*d_cdash_adash)^(1/4);//m
+Dm=(Dab*Dbc*Dca)^(1/3);//m
+L=0.2*log(Dm/Ds);//mH/km
+XL=2*%pi*f*L*10^-3;//ohm/km
+disp(XL,"Inductive reactance of bundled conductor line(ohm/km)");
+//Equivalent single conductor
+n=2;
+r1=sqrt(n*%pi*r^2/%pi);//m
+r1dash=0.7788*r1*10^-2;//m
+Dm1=(Dab*Dbc*Dca)^(1/3);//m
+L1=0.2*log(Dm1/r1dash);//mH/km
+XL1=2*%pi*f*L1*10^-3;//ohm/km
+disp(XL1,"Inductive reactance with single conductor(ohm/km)");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.16/Example4_16.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.16/Example4_16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..185da699b --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.16/Example4_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Exa 4.16
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=15/2;//mm
+d=1.5*1000;//mm
+l=30;//km
+epsilon_o=8.854*10^-12;//permitivity
+C=%pi*epsilon_o/log(d/r)*l*1000;//F
+disp(C*10^6,"Capacitance of line(micro F)");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.17/Example4_17.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.17/Example4_17.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7fa855846 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.17/Example4_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Exa 4.17
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=2/2;//cm
+d=2.5*100;//cm
+l=100;//km
+epsilon_o=8.854*10^-12;//permitivity
+C=2*%pi*epsilon_o/log(d/r)*l*1000;//F
+disp(C*10^6,"Capacitance of line(micro F)");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.18/Example4_18.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.18/Example4_18.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ac3ad613d --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.18/Example4_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Exa 4.18
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=2/2/100;//m
+d1=3.5;//m
+d2=5;//m
+d3=8;//m
+epsilon_o=8.854*10^-12;//permitivity
+CN=2*%pi*epsilon_o*1000/log((d1*d2*d3)^(1/3)/r);//F
+disp(CN*10^6,"Capacitance of line(micro F)");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.19/Example4_19.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.19/Example4_19.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..39b46b9fe --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.19/Example4_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Exa 4.19
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+f=50;//Hz
+VL=220;//KV
+r=20/2/1000;//m
+d1=3;//m
+d2=3;//m
+d3=6;//m
+epsilon_o=8.854*10^-12;//permitivity
+CN=2*%pi*epsilon_o/log((d1*d2*d3)^(1/3)/r);//F
+disp(CN,"Capacitance per phase per meter line(F)");
+Vph=VL*1000/sqrt(3);//V
+Ic=2*%pi*f*CN*Vph;//A
+disp(Ic*1000,"Charging current per phase(mA) : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.2/Example4_2.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.2/Example4_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8c7207da9 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.2/Example4_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Exa 4.2
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+f=50;//Hz
+a=10;//cm^2
+l=500/1000;//km
+r=sqrt(a/%pi);//cm
+d=5*100;//cm
+r_dash=r*0.7788;//cm
+L=0.4*log(d/r_dash)*l;//mH
+disp(L,"Loop inductance per km(mH)");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.20/Example4_20.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.20/Example4_20.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..83937d30b --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.20/Example4_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Exa 4.20
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+f=50;//Hz
+VL=110;//kV
+r=1.05/2;//cm
+d1=3.5;//m
+d2=3.5;//m
+d3=7;//m
+epsilon_o=8.854*10^-12;//permitivity
+CN=2*%pi*epsilon_o/log((d1*d2*d3)^(1/3)*100/r);//F
+disp(CN,"Capacitance per phase per meter line(F)");
+Vph=VL*1000/sqrt(3);//V
+Ic=2*%pi*f*CN*Vph;//A/m
+disp(Ic/10^-3,"Charging current per phase(A/km) : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.21/Example4_21.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.21/Example4_21.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..31957a768 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.21/Example4_21.sce @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +//Exa 4.21
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=2.5/2*10^-2;//m
+VL=132;//KV
+epsilon_o=8.85*10^-12;//permitivity
+f=50;//Hz
+dRRdash=sqrt(7^2+(4+4)^2);//m
+dBBdash=dRRdash;//m
+dYYdash=9;//m
+DSR=sqrt(r*dRRdash);//m
+DSY=sqrt(r*dYYdash);//m
+DSB=sqrt(r*dBBdash);//m
+Ds=(DSR*DSB*DSY)^(1/3);//m
+dRY=sqrt(4^2+(4.5-3.5)^2);//m
+dRYdash=sqrt((9-1)^2+4^2);//m
+dRdashY=sqrt((9-1)^2+4^2);//m
+dRdashYdash=sqrt(4^2+(4.5-3.5)^2);//m
+DRY=(dRY*dRYdash*dRdashY*dRdashYdash)^(1/4);//m
+DYB=((dRY*dRYdash)^2)^(1/4);//m
+DBR=((8*7)^2)^(1/4);//m
+Dm=(DRY*DYB*DBR)^(1/3);//m
+C=2*%pi*epsilon_o/log(Dm/Ds);//F/m
+C=C/10^-3;//F/km
+X=1/(2*%pi*f*C);//ohm
+disp(X/1000,"Capacitive reactance too neutral(kohm) : ");
+Vph=VL*1000/sqrt(3);//Volt
+Ic=2*%pi*f*C*Vph;//A
+disp(Ic,"Charging current(A/km)");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.22/Example4_22.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.22/Example4_22.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1dd15494b --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.22/Example4_22.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Exa 4.22
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+d1=8;//m
+d2=6;//m
+epsilon_o=8.854*10^-12;//permitivity
+r=3*5/2*10^-3;//m
+C=4*%pi*epsilon_o/log(2^(1/3)*d1/r*((d1^2+d2^2)/(4*d1^2+d2^2)^(1/3)));//F/m
+C100=C*100*1000*10^6;//microF
+disp(C100,"Capacitance of 100 km line(micro Farad) : ");
+//answer in the textbook is wrong.
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.23/Example4_23.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.23/Example4_23.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..fdb3e36fd --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.23/Example4_23.sce @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +//Exa 4.23
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+VL=132;//kV
+f=50;//Hz
+r=5/2;//cm
+rdash=0.7788*r*10^-2;//m
+d=6.5;//m
+s=0.4;//m
+epsilon_o=8.854*10^-12;//permitivity
+Ds=sqrt(rdash*s);//m
+dab=6.5;//m
+dab_dash=6.9;//m
+d_adash_b=6.1;//m
+d_adash_bdash=6.5;//m
+Dab=(dab*dab_dash*d_adash_b*d_adash_bdash)^(1/4);//m
+Dbc=Dab;//m
+dca=13;//m
+dca_dash=12.6;//m
+d_cdash_a=13.4;//m
+d_cdash_adash=13;//m
+Dca=(dca*dca_dash*d_cdash_a*d_cdash_adash)^(1/4);//m
+Dm=(Dab*Dbc*Dca)^(1/3);//m
+L=0.2*log(Dm/Ds);//mH/km
+C=2*%pi*epsilon_o/log(Dm/Ds);//F/m
+C=C/10^-3;//F/km
+disp(C,"Capacitance per km(F/km) : ");
+Vph=VL*1000/sqrt(3);//Volt
+Ic=2*%pi*f*C*Vph;//A/km
+disp(Ic,"Charging current per km(A/km) : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.24/Example4_24.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.24/Example4_24.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..29177b55a --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.24/Example4_24.sce @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +//Exa 4.24
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+VL=132;//kV
+f=50;//Hz
+r=31.8/2;//mm
+rdash=0.7788*r;//mm
+d=10*1000;//mm
+epsilon_o=8.854*10^-12;//permitivity
+disp("One conductor ACSR moose conductor line : ");
+LA=0.2*[log(d/rdash)+1/2*log(2)-%i*0.866*log(2)];//mH/km
+LB=0.2*log(d/rdash);//mH/km
+LC=0.2*[log(d/rdash)+1/2*log(2)+%i*0.866*log(2)];//mH/km
+Lav=(LA+LB+LC)/3;//mH/km
+XL=2*%pi*f*Lav*10^-3;//ohm
+disp(XL,"Inductive reactance per Km per phase(ohm) : ");
+d1=10;//m
+d2=10;//m
+d3=20;//m
+CN=2*%pi*epsilon_o/log((d1*d2*d3)^(1/3)/(rdash*10^-3))/10^3;//F/km
+XC=1/(2*%pi*f*CN*10^6);//ohm
+disp(XC/10^6,"Capacitivetive reactance per Km per phase(Mohm) : ");
+disp("Three conductor bundled line : ");
+S=40/100;//m
+Ds=(rdash*10^-3*S^2)^(1/3);//m
+Deq=(d1*d2*d3)^(1/3);//m
+Ldash=0.2*log(Deq/Ds);//mH/km
+XLdash=2*%pi*f*Ldash*10^-3;//ohm
+disp(XLdash,"Inductive reactance per km per phase(ohm) : ");
+Ds=(r*10^-3*S^2)^(1/3);//m
+Cdash=2*%pi*epsilon_o*10^3/log(Deq/Ds);//microF/km
+XC=1/(2*%pi*f*Cdash)/10^6;//Mohm
+disp(XC,"Capacitivetive reactance per km per phase(Mohm) : ");
+
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.25/Example4_25.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.25/Example4_25.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8c9a271e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.25/Example4_25.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +//Exa 4.25
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=1.5/2;//cm
+d=3*100;//cm
+h=6*100;//cm
+epsilon_o=8.854*10^-12;//permitivity
+C=%pi*epsilon_o/log(d/(1+d^2/4/h^2)^r)*10^3;//F
+disp(C,"Capacitance per km of line(F) : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.26/Example4_26.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.26/Example4_26.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..cd04b63b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.26/Example4_26.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Exa 4.26
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=2/100;//m
+d1=4;//m
+d2=4;//m
+d3=8;//m
+epsilon_o=8.854*10^-12;//permitivity
+CN=2*%pi*epsilon_o/log((d1*d2*d3)^(1/3)/r);//F
+disp(CN,"Part(i) Capacitance per phase per meter length(F) : ");
+h1=20;//m
+h2=20;//m
+h3=20;//m
+h12=sqrt(20^2+4^2);//m
+h23=sqrt(20^2+4^2);//m
+h31=sqrt(20^2+8^2);//m
+Deq=(d1*d2*d3)^(1/3);//m
+CN=2*%pi*epsilon_o/(log(Deq/r)-log((h12*h23*h31/h1/h2/h3)^(1/3)) );//F
+disp(CN,"Part(ii) Capacitance per phase per meter length(F) : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.3/Example4_3.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.3/Example4_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b5f51bd49 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.3/Example4_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Exa 4.3
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=1/2;//cm
+d=1*100;//cm
+mu=50;//relative permeability
+r_dash=r*0.7788;//cm
+L_cu=.1+0.4*log(d/r);//mH
+disp(L_cu,"Loop inductance per km of copper conductor line(mH)");
+L_steel=(mu+4*log(d/r))*10^-7*10^3;//mH
+disp(L_steel*10^3,"Loop inductance per km of copper conductor line(mH)");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.4/Example4_4.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.4/Example4_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c92095c46 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.4/Example4_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Exa 4.4
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=3;//mm
+d11=r;//mm
+d12=2*r;//mm
+d34=2*r;//mm
+d16=2*r;//mm
+d17=2*r;//mm
+d14=4*r;//mm
+d13=sqrt(d14^2-d34^2);//mm
+d15=d13;//mm
+Ds1=(0.7788*d11*d12*d13*d14*d15*d16*d17)^(1/7);//mm
+Ds2=Ds1;//mm
+Ds3=Ds1;//mm
+Ds4=Ds1;//mm
+Ds5=Ds1;//mm
+Ds6=Ds1;//mm
+Ds7=(2*r*0.7788*d11*d12*d13*2*r*2*r)^(1/7);//mm
+Ds=(Ds1*Ds2*Ds3*Ds4*Ds5*Ds6*Ds7)^(1/7);//mm
+disp(Ds,"Geometric mean radius(mm)");
+//Answer in the book is wrong
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.5/Example4_5.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.5/Example4_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..cfe710f3b --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.5/Example4_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Exa 4.5
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=1.2;//cm
+rdash=0.7788*r;//cm
+d12=0.12*100;//cm
+d11dash=(0.2+1.2)*100;//cm
+d22dash=(0.2+1.2)*100;//cm
+d12dash=(0.2+1.2+0.2)*100;//cm
+d21dash=(1.2)*100;//cm
+Dm=(d11dash*d12dash*d21dash*d22dash)^(1/4);//cm
+d11=0.93456;//cm
+d22=0.93456;//cm
+d12=20;//cm
+d21=20;//cm
+Ds=(d11*d12*d21*d22)^(1/4);//cm
+L=0.4*log(Dm/Ds);//mH/km
+disp(L,"Loop inductance of line(mH/km)");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.6/Example4_6.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.6/Example4_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e006068f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.6/Example4_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Exa 4.6
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=2/2;//cm
+rdash=0.7788*r;//cm
+d12=0.12*100;//cm
+d11dash=300;//cm
+d12dash=sqrt(300^2+100^2);//cm
+d21dash=d12dash;//cm
+d22dash=d11dash;//cm
+d11=rdash;//cm
+d22=rdash;//cm
+d12=100;//cm
+d21=100;//cm
+Dm=(d11dash*d12dash*d21dash*d22dash)^(1/4);//cm
+Ds=(d11*d12*d21*d22)^(1/4);//cm
+L=0.4*log(Dm/Ds);//mH/km
+disp(L,"Loop inductance of line(mH/km)");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.7/Example4_7.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.7/Example4_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..84627f55b --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.7/Example4_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Exa 4.7
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=1.24/2;//cm
+rdash=0.7788*r;//cm
+d=2*100;//cm
+L=0.2*log(d/rdash);//mH
+disp(L,"Inductance per phase per km(mH)");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.8/Example4_8.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.8/Example4_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0678e2204 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.8/Example4_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +//Exa 4.8
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=(20/2)/10;//cm
+d1=4*100;//cm
+d2=5*100;//cm
+d3=6*100;//cm
+rdash=0.7788*r;//cm
+L=0.2*log((d1*d2*d3)^(1/3)/rdash);//mH
+disp(L,"Inductance per phase(mH)");
diff --git a/2078/CH4/EX4.9/Example4_9.sce b/2078/CH4/EX4.9/Example4_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8fe1ad62e --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH4/EX4.9/Example4_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Exa 4.9
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=4/2;//cm
+rdash=0.7788*r;//cm
+d=300;//cm
+d3=6*100;//cm
+LA=0.2*[log(d/rdash)+1/2*log(2)-%i*0.866*log(2)];//mH
+disp(LA,"Inductance per km of phase1(mH)");
+LB=0.2*log(d/rdash);//mH
+disp(LB,"Inductance per km of phase2(mH)");
+LC=0.2*[log(d/rdash)+1/2*log(2)+%i*0.866*log(2)];//mH
+disp(LC,"Inductance per km of phase3(mH)");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.1/Example5_1.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.1/Example5_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2747eb4ef --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.1/Example5_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Exa 5.1
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+P=1100;//kW
+VR=11*1000;//V
+pf=0.8;//power factor
+R=2;//ohm
+X=3;//ohm
+I=P*1000/VR/pf;//A
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+VS=sqrt((VR*cos_fi_r+I*R)^2+(VR*sin_fi_r+I*X)^2);//V
+disp(VS,"Voltage at sending end(V)");
+Reg=(VS-VR)/VR*100;//%
+disp(Reg,"% Regulation");
+LineLoss=I^2*R/1000;//kW
+Eta_T=P*100/(P+LineLoss);//%
+disp(Eta_T,"Transmission Efficiency(%)");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.10/Example5_10.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.10/Example5_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f32f97e6f --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.10/Example5_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +//Exa 5.10
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+l=200;//km
+P=50;//MVA
+VRL=132*10^3;//Volt
+f=50;//Hz
+R=l*0.15;//ohm
+X=l*0.50;//ohm
+Y=l*2*10^-6;//mho
+pf=0.85;//power factor
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+VR=VRL/sqrt(3);//Volt
+IR=P*10^6/(sqrt(3)*VRL);//A
+Z=R+%i*X;//ohm
+IR=IR*(cos_fi_r-%i*sin_fi_r);//A
+Vdash=VR+1/2*IR*Z;//Volt
+IC=Vdash*%i*Y;//A
+IS=IR+IC;//A
+disp("Sending end current(A), magnitude is "+string(abs(IS))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(IS),real(IS))));
+VS=Vdash+1/2*IS*Z;//Volt
+VSL=abs(VS)*sqrt(3);//Volt
+disp(VSL/1000,"Sending end line voltage(kV) :");
+Reg=(VSL-VRL)/VRL*100;//%
+disp(Reg,"Regulation(%) : ");
+fi_s=atand(imag(VS),real(VS))-atand(imag(IS),real(IS));//
+cos_fi_s=cosd(fi_s);//sending end pf
+Eta_T=sqrt(3)*VRL*abs(IR)*cos_fi_r/(sqrt(3)*VSL*abs(IS)*cos_fi_s)*100;//%
+disp(Eta_T,"Transmission Efficiency(%) : ");
+//Ans is wrong in the book.Angle of VS is calculated wrong leads to wrong answers.
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.11/Example5_11.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.11/Example5_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e64922209 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.11/Example5_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +//Exa 5.11
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+S=1*10^3;//kVA
+pf=0.71;//power factor
+VRL=22*10^3;//Volt
+f=50;//Hz
+R=15;//ohm
+L=0.2;//H
+C=0.5*10^-6;//F
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+IR=S*10^3/VRL;//A
+IR=IR*(cos_fi_r-%i*sin_fi_r);//A
+X=2*%pi*f*L;//ohm
+//Z=sqrt(R^2+X^2);//ohm
+Z=R+%i*X;//ohm
+Y=2*%pi*f*C;//S
+ICR=1/2*%i*Y*VRL;//A
+IL=IR+ICR;//A
+VS=VRL+IL*Z;//Volt
+disp("Sending end voltage(Volt), magnitude is "+string(abs(VS))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(VS),real(VS))));
+ICS=1/2*%i*Y*VS;//A
+IS=IL+ICS;//A
+disp("Sending end current(A), magnitude is "+string(abs(IS))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(IS),real(IS))));
+fi_s=atand(imag(VS),real(VS))-atand(imag(IS),real(IS));//
+cos_fi_s=cosd(fi_s);//sending end pf
+disp(cos_fi_s,"Sending end power factor(lag) : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.12/Example5_12.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.12/Example5_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d3cec0408 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.12/Example5_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Exa 5.12
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+P=50*10^6;//W
+f=50;//Hz
+l=150;//km
+pf=0.8;//power factor
+VRL=110*10^3;//Volt
+VR=VRL/sqrt(3);//Volt
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+R=0.1*l;//ohm
+XL=0.5*l;//ohm
+Z=R+%i*XL;//ohm
+IR=P/(sqrt(3)*VRL*pf);//A
+IR=IR*(cos_fi_r-%i*sin_fi_r);//A
+Y=3*10^-6*l;//S
+ICR=1/2*%i*Y*VR;//A
+IL=IR+ICR;//A
+VS=VR+IL*Z;//Volt
+VSL=sqrt(3)*abs(VS);//Volt
+disp(VSL/1000,"Sending end line to line voltage(kV) :");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.13/Example5_13.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.13/Example5_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2626f11c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.13/Example5_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//Exa 5.13
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+f=50;//Hz
+l=30;//km
+Z=40+%i*125;//ohm
+Y=10^-3;//mho
+P=50*10^6;//W
+VRL=220*10^3;//Volt
+VR=VRL/sqrt(3);//Volt
+pf=0.8;//power factor
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+IR=P/(sqrt(3)*VRL*pf);//A
+IR=IR*(cos_fi_r-%i*sin_fi_r);//A
+ICR=1/2*%i*Y*VR;//A
+IL=IR+ICR;//A
+VS=VR+IL*Z;//Volt
+VSL=sqrt(3)*abs(VS);//Volt
+disp(VSL/1000,"Sending end line to line voltage(kV) :");
+IS=IL+1/2*%i*Y*VS;//A
+disp("Sending end current(A), magnitude is "+string(abs(IS))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(IS),real(IS))));
+fi_s=atand(imag(VS),real(VS))-atand(imag(IS),real(IS));//
+cos_fis=cosd(fi_s);//sending end pf
+disp(cos_fis,"Sending end power factor(lag) : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.14/Example5_14.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.14/Example5_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b58e35487 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.14/Example5_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Exa 5.14
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+f=50;//Hz
+l=30;//km
+Z=40+%i*125;//ohm
+Y=10^-3;//mho
+P=50*10^6;//W
+VRL=220*10^3;//Volt
+VR=VRL/sqrt(3);//Volt
+pf=0.8;//power factor
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+IR=P/(sqrt(3)*VRL*pf);//A
+IR=IR*(cos_fi_r-%i*sin_fi_r);//A
+ICR=1/2*%i*Y*VR;//A
+IL=IR+ICR;//A
+VS=VR+IL*Z;//Volt
+VSL=sqrt(3)*abs(VS);//Volt
+disp(VSL/1000,"Sending end line to line voltage(kV) :");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.15/Example5_15.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.15/Example5_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..09a620c88 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.15/Example5_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +//Exa 5.15
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+f=50;//Hz
+l=100;//km
+P=50*10^6;//W
+pf=0.8;//power factor
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+VRL=132*10^3;//Volt
+VR=VRL/sqrt(3);//Volt
+R=0.1*l;//ohm
+XL=0.3*l;//ohm
+Z=R+%i*XL;//ohm
+Y=3*10^-6*l;//S
+IR=P/(sqrt(3)*VRL*pf);//A
+IR=IR*(cos_fi_r-%i*sin_fi_r);//A
+ICR=1/2*%i*Y*VR;//A
+IL=IR+ICR;//A
+VS=VR+IL*Z;//Volt
+VSL=sqrt(3)*abs(VS);//Volt
+disp(VSL/1000,"Sending end line voltage(kV) :");
+ICS=1/2*%i*Y*VS;//A
+IS=IL+ICS;//A
+fi_s=atand(imag(VS),real(VS))-atand(imag(IS),real(IS));//
+cos_fi_s=cosd(fi_s);//sending end pf
+disp(cos_fi_s,"Sending end power factor(lag) : ");
+Eta_T=sqrt(3)*VRL*abs(IR)*cos_fi_r/(sqrt(3)*VSL*abs(IS)*cos_fi_s)*100;//%
+disp(Eta_T,"Transmission Efficiency(%) : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.16/Example5_16.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.16/Example5_16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..950f48d97 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.16/Example5_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +//Exa 5.16
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+f=50;//Hz
+l=10;//km
+S1=5000*10^3;//VA
+S2=10000*10^3;//VA
+pf=0.8;//power factor
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+pf2=0.7071;//power factor
+cos_fi_r2=pf2;
+sin_fi_r2=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r2^2);
+R=0.6*l;//ohm
+XL=1.5*l;//ohm
+VRL=33*10^3;//Volt
+VR=VRL/sqrt(3);//Volt
+I1=S1/(sqrt(3)*VRL);//A
+I1=I1*(cos_fi_r-%i*sin_fi_r);//A
+Z1=R+%i*XL;//ohm
+VB=VR+I1*Z1;//Volt
+VBL=sqrt(3)*abs(VB);//Volt
+disp(VBL/1000,"Line voltage at mid point(kV) : ");
+I2=S2/(sqrt(3)*VBL);//A
+I2=I2*(cos_fi_r2-%i*sin_fi_r2);//A
+I=I1+I2;//A
+disp("Total current(A), magnitude is "+string(abs(I))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(I),real(I))));
+Z2=R+%i*XL;//ohm
+VS=VB+I*Z2;//Volt
+VSL=sqrt(3)*abs(VS);//Volt
+disp(VSL/1000,"Sending end line voltage(kV) :");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.17/Example5_17.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.17/Example5_17.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d764de559 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.17/Example5_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Exa 5.17
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+P=10;//MWatt
+pf=0.8;//power factor
+VRL=30*10^3;//Volt
+R1=5.5;//ohm
+XL1=13.5;//ohm
+R2=6;//ohm
+XL2=11;//ohm
+ZA=R1+%i*XL1;//ohm
+ZB=R2+%i*XL2;//ohm
+S=P*10^3/pf*expm(%i*%pi/180*(-36.52));//kVA
+SA=S*ZB/(ZA+ZB);//kVA
+disp("Load supply by line A(kVA), magnitude is "+string(abs(SA))+" at pf "+string(cosd(atand(imag(SA),real(SA)))));
+SB=S*ZA/(ZA+ZB);//kVA
+disp("Load supply by line B(kVA), magnitude is "+string(abs(SB))+" and angle in degree is "+string(cosd(atand(imag(SB),real(SB)))));
+PA=abs(SA)*(cosd(atand(imag(SA),real(SA))));//kW
+disp(PA,"Power supplied by line A(kW) : ");
+PB=abs(SB)*(cosd(atand(imag(SB),real(SB))));//kW
+disp(PB,"Power supplied by line B(kW) : ");
+//Answer is not accurate in the book.
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.18/Example5_18.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.18/Example5_18.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8ba807161 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.18/Example5_18.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Exa 5.18
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+L=200;//km
+f=50;//Hz
+omega=2*%pi*f;//rad/s
+Rise=omega^2*L^2*10^-8/18;//%
+disp(Rise,"Percentage rise in voltage : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.19/Example5_19.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.19/Example5_19.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..188b22591 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.19/Example5_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Exa 5.19
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+L=80;//km
+f=50;//Hz
+Z=(0.15+%i*0.78)*L;//ohm
+Y=(%i*5*10^-6)*L;//mho
+A=1+1/2*Y*Z;//parameter of 3-phase line
+D=A;//parameter of 3-phase line
+B=Z*(1+1/4*Y*Z);//parameter of 3-phase line
+C=Y;//parameter of 3-phase line
+disp(A,"Parameter A : ");
+disp(B,"Parameter B : ");
+disp(C,"Parameter C : ");
+disp(D,"Parameter D : ");
+//Answer of B is wrong in the book.
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.2/Example5_2.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.2/Example5_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c16828eab --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.2/Example5_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Exa 5.2
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+R=0.4;//ohm
+X=0.4;//ohm
+P=2000;//kVA
+pf=0.8;//power factor
+VL=3000;//V
+VR=VL/sqrt(3);//V
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+I=P*1000/3/VR;//A
+VS=VR+I*(R*cos_fi_r+X*sin_fi_r);//V
+Reg=(VS-VR)/VR*100;//%
+disp(Reg,"% Regulation");
+LineLoss=3*I^2*R/1000;//kW
+Pout=P*cos_fi_r;//kW
+Eta_T=Pout*100/(Pout+LineLoss);//%
+disp(Eta_T,"Transmission Efficiency(%)");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.20/Example5_20.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.20/Example5_20.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..74146337e --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.20/Example5_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +//Exa 5.20
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+Z=200*expm(%i*%pi/180*80);//ohm
+Y=0.0013*expm(%i*%pi/180*90);//mho/phase
+P=80*10^6;//W
+pf=0.8;//power factor
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+VRL=220*10^3;//Volt
+VR=VRL/sqrt(3);//Volt
+f=50;//Hz
+IR=P/(sqrt(3)*VRL*pf);//A
+IR=IR*(cos_fi_r-%i*sin_fi_r);//A
+A=1+1/2*Y*Z;//parameter of 3-phase line
+D=A;//parameter of 3-phase line
+B=Z*(1+1/4*Y*Z);//parameter of 3-phase line
+C=Y;//parameter of 3-phase line
+disp("Parameter A, magnitude is "+string(abs(A))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(A),real(A))));
+disp("Parameter B, magnitude is "+string(abs(B))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(B),real(B))));
+disp("Parameter C, magnitude is "+string(abs(C))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(C),real(C))));
+disp("Parameter D, magnitude is "+string(abs(D))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(D),real(D))));
+VS=A*VR+B*IR;//Volt
+VSL=sqrt(3)*abs(VS);//Volt
+disp(VSL/1000,"Sending end Line voltage(kV) : ");
+IS=C*VR+D*IR;//A
+disp("Sending end current(A), magnitude is "+string(abs(IS))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(IS),real(IS))));
+fi_s=atand(imag(VS),real(VS))-atand(imag(IS),real(IS));//
+cos_fis=cosd(fi_s);//sending end pf
+disp(cos_fis,"Sending end power factor(lag) : ");
+Pin=sqrt(3)*VSL*abs(IS)*cos_fis*10^-6;//MW
+disp(Pin,"Power Input(MW) : ");
+Eta=P/(Pin*10^6)*100;//%
+disp(Eta,"Transmission Efficiency(%) : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.21/Example5_21.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.21/Example5_21.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..766f99576 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.21/Example5_21.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +//Exa 5.21
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+P=50*10^6;//VA
+pf=0.8;//power factor
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+A=0.98*expm(%i*%pi/180*3);//parameter of 3-phase line
+D=0.98*expm(%i*%pi/180*3);//parameter of 3-phase line
+B=110*expm(%i*%pi/180*75);//parameter of 3-phase line
+C=0.0005*expm(%i*%pi/180*80);//parameter of 3-phase line
+VRL=110*10^3;//Volt
+VR=VRL/sqrt(3);//Volt
+IR=P/(sqrt(3)*VRL);//A
+IR=IR*(cos_fi_r-%i*sin_fi_r);//A
+VS=A*VR+B*IR;//Volt
+VSL=sqrt(3)*abs(VS);//Volt
+disp(VSL/1000,"Sending end Line voltage(kV) : ");
+IS=C*VR+D*IR;//A
+disp("Sending end current(A), magnitude is "+string(abs(IS))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(IS),real(IS))));
+fi_s=atand(imag(VS),real(VS))-atand(imag(IS),real(IS));//
+cos_fis=cosd(fi_s);//sending end pf
+disp(cos_fis,"Sending end power factor(lag) : ");
+Pin=sqrt(3)*VSL*abs(IS)*cos_fis*10^-6;//MW
+disp(Pin,"Power Input(MW) : ");
+Eta=P*pf/(Pin*10^6)*100;//%
+disp(Eta,"Transmission Efficiency(%) : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.22/Example5_22.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.22/Example5_22.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e095b4369 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.22/Example5_22.sce @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +//Exa 5.22
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+f=50;//Hz
+L=300;//km
+r=0.15;//ohm/km
+x=0.5;//ohm/km
+y=3*10^-6;//mho/km
+VRL=220*10^3;//Volt
+VR=VRL/sqrt(3);//Volt
+P=200*10^6;//W
+pf=0.85;//power factor
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+R=r*L;//ohm
+X=x*L;//ohm
+Y=y*L;//mho
+Z=R+%i*X;//ohm
+//part (i)
+A=1+1/2*%i*Y*Z;//parameter of 3-phase line
+D=A;//parameter of 3-phase line
+B=Z;//parameter of 3-phase line
+C=%i*Y*(1+1/4*%i*Y*Z);//parameter of 3-phase line
+disp("Parameter A, magnitude is "+string(abs(A))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(A),real(A))));
+disp("Parameter B, magnitude is "+string(abs(B))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(B),real(B))));
+disp("Parameter C, magnitude is "+string(abs(C))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(C),real(C))));
+disp("Parameter D, magnitude is "+string(abs(D))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(D),real(D))));
+//part (ii)
+IR=poly(0,'IR');
+p=0.024525*IR^2+11.427*IR-2102;//from VS=A*VR+B*IR;//Volt
+IR=roots(p);
+IR=IR(2);//taking +ve value
+P=sqrt(3)*VRL*IR*10^-6;//MW
+disp(P,"Power received in MW : ");
+///part (iii)
+P=200*10^6;//W
+IR=P/sqrt(3)/VRL/pf;//A
+fi=acosd(pf);//degree
+IR=IR*expm(%i*-fi*%pi/180);
+VS=A*VR+B*IR;//Volt
+VSL=sqrt(3)*abs(VS);//Volt
+disp(VSL/1000,"Sending end Line voltage(kV) : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.23/Example5_23.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.23/Example5_23.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4a48c39d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.23/Example5_23.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +//Exa 5.23
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+A=0.936+%i*0.016;//parameter of 3-phase line
+D=A;//parameter of 3-phase line
+B=33.5+%i*138;//parameter of 3-phase line
+C=(-0.9280+%i*901.223)*10^-6;//parameter of 3-phase line
+VRL=200*10^3;//Volt
+VR=VRL/sqrt(3);//Volt
+P=40*10^6;//W
+pf=0.86;//power factor
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+IR=P/sqrt(3)/VRL/pf;//A
+fi=acosd(pf);//degree
+IR=IR*expm(%i*-fi*%pi/180);
+VS=A*VR+B*IR;//Volt
+VSL=sqrt(3)*abs(VS);//Volt
+disp(VSL/1000,"Sending end Line voltage(kV) : ");
+IS=C*VR+D*IR;//A
+disp("Sending end current(A), magnitude is "+string(abs(IS))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(IS),real(IS))));
+fi_s=atand(imag(IS),real(IS))-atand(imag(VS),real(VS));//degree
+disp(cosd(fi_s),fi_s,"Sending end phase angle(degree) & power factor(leading): ");
+Ps=sqrt(3)*abs(VSL)*abs(IS)*cosd(fi_s)*10^-6;//MW
+disp(Ps,"Sending end power(MW) : ");
+Vreg=(VSL-VRL)*100/VRL;//%
+disp(Vreg,"Voltage regulation in % : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.24/Example5_24.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.24/Example5_24.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2c01ff723 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.24/Example5_24.sce @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +//Exa 5.24
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+A1=0.98*expm(%i*2*%pi/180);//parameter of 3-phase line
+D1=A1;//parameter of 3-phase line
+B1=28*expm(%i*69*%pi/180);//parameter of 3-phase line
+C1=0.0002*expm(%i*88*%pi/180);//parameter of 3-phase line
+A2=0.95*expm(%i*3*%pi/180);//parameter of 3-phase line
+D2=A2;//parameter of 3-phase line
+B2=40*expm(%i*85*%pi/180);//parameter of 3-phase line
+C2=0.0004*expm(%i*90*%pi/180);//parameter of 3-phase line
+VRL=110*10^3;//Volt
+VR=VRL/sqrt(3);//Volt
+IR=200;//A
+pf=0.95;//power factor
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+fi=acosd(pf);//degree
+A=A1*A2+B1*C2;//generalized parameter of 2 line
+B=A1*B2+B1*D2;//generalized parameter of 2 line
+C=C1*A2+D1*C2;//generalized parameter of 2 line
+D=C1*B2+D1*D2;//generalized parameter of 2 line
+IR=IR*expm(%i*-fi*%pi/180);
+VS=A*VR+B*IR;//Volt
+VSL=sqrt(3)*abs(VS);//Volt
+disp(VSL/1000,"Sending end Line voltage(kV) : ");
+IS=C*VR+D*IR;//A
+disp("Sending end current(A), magnitude is "+string(abs(IS))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(IS),real(IS))));
+//Answer for VSL is wrong in the book.
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.25/Example5_25.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.25/Example5_25.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e471219af --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.25/Example5_25.sce @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +//Exa 5.25
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+A1=0.98*expm(%i*1*%pi/180);//parameter of 3-phase line
+D1=A1;//parameter of 3-phase line
+B1=100*expm(%i*75*%pi/180);//parameter of 3-phase line
+C1=0.0005*expm(%i*90*%pi/180);//parameter of 3-phase line
+A2=0.98*expm(%i*1*%pi/180);//parameter of 3-phase line
+D2=A2;//parameter of 3-phase line
+B2=100*expm(%i*75*%pi/180);//parameter of 3-phase line
+C2=0.0005*expm(%i*90*%pi/180);//parameter of 3-phase line
+P=100*10^6;//W
+VRL=132*10^3;//Volt
+VR=VRL/sqrt(3);//Volt
+pf=0.8;//power factor
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+fi=acosd(pf);//degree
+A=(A1*B2+A2*B1)/(B1+B2);//generalized parameter of 2 line
+B=B1*B2/(B1+B2);//generalized parameter of 2 line
+C=C1+C2-(A1-A2)*(D1-D2)/(B1+B2);//generalized parameter of 2 line
+D=(B1*D2+B2*D1)/(B1+B2);//generalized parameter of 2 line
+disp("Generalised constants ot two lines combined are : ");
+disp("Parameter A, magnitude is "+string(abs(A))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(A),real(A))));
+disp("Parameter B, magnitude is "+string(abs(B))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(B),real(B))));
+disp("Parameter C, magnitude is "+string(abs(C))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(C),real(C))));
+disp("Parameter D, magnitude is "+string(abs(D))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(D),real(D))));
+IR=P/sqrt(3)/VRL/pf;//A
+IR=IR*expm(%i*-fi*%pi/180);
+VS=A*VR+B*IR;//Volt
+VSL=sqrt(3)*abs(VS);//Volt
+IS=C*VR+D*IR;//A
+fi_s=atand(imag(VS),real(VS))-atand(imag(IS),real(IS));
+disp(cosd(fi_s),"Sending end power factor(lagging) : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.3/Example5_3.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.3/Example5_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ca401c0a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.3/Example5_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Exa 5.3
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+l=15;//km
+P=5;//MW
+V=11;//kV
+f=50;//Hz
+pf=0.8;//power factor
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+L=1.1;//mH/Km
+VR=V*1000/sqrt(3);//V
+I=P*1000/sqrt(3)/V/cos_fi_r;//A
+LineLoss=12/100*P*10^6;//W
+R=LineLoss/3/I^2;//ohm
+X=2*%pi*f*L*10^-3*l;//ohm/phase
+VS=VR+I*(R*cos_fi_r+X*sin_fi_r);//V
+VSL=sqrt(3)*VS/1000;//KV
+disp(VSL,"Line voltage at sending end(kV)");
+Reg=(VSL-V)/V*100;//%
+disp(Reg,"% Regulation");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.4/Example5_4.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.4/Example5_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3550f6f15 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.4/Example5_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +//Exa 5.4
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+l=50;//km
+S=10000;//kVA
+pf=0.8;//power factor
+d=1.2*100;//cm
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+V=33000;//Volts
+VR=V/sqrt(3);//V
+f=50;//Hz
+I=S*1000/sqrt(3)/V;//A
+LineLoss=10/100*S*10^3*pf;//W
+R=LineLoss/3/I^2;//ohm
+rho=1.73*10^-6;//kg/m^3
+a=rho*l*1000*100/R;//cm^2
+r=sqrt(a/%pi);//cm
+L=0.2*log(d/r/0.7788)*l;//mH
+X=2*%pi*f*L*10^-3;//ohm
+VS=VR+I*(R*cos_fi_r+X*sin_fi_r);//V
+VSL=sqrt(3)*VS/1000;//kV
+disp(VSL,"Line voltage at sending end(kV)");
+pf_s=(VR*cos_fi_r+I*R)/VS;//lagging(sendinf end pf)
+disp(pf_s,"Sending end pf(lagging) ");
+Eta_T=S*pf/(S*pf+LineLoss/1000)*100;
+disp(Eta_T,"Transmission Efficiency(%)");
+Reg=(VSL-V/1000)/(V/1000)*100;//%
+disp(Reg,"% Regulation");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.5/Example5_5.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.5/Example5_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..fdbb263f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.5/Example5_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Exa 5.5
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+VRL=30000;//Volts
+VSL=33000;//Volts
+f=50;//Hz
+P=10*10^6;//W
+pf=0.8;//power factor
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+VR=VRL/sqrt(3);//V
+I=P/sqrt(3)/VRL/pf;//A
+Eta_T=0.96;//Efficiency
+LineLoss=P*(1/Eta_T-1);//W
+R=LineLoss/3/I^2;//ohm/phase
+disp(R,"Resistance per phase(ohm/phase)");
+VS=VSL/sqrt(3);//V
+X=(VS-VR-I*R*cos_fi_r)/I/sin_fi_r;//V
+L=X/2/%pi/f;//H/phase
+disp(L*1000,"Inductance per phase(mH/phase)");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.6/Example5_6.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.6/Example5_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4a116f3c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.6/Example5_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +//Exa 5.6
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+l=3;//km
+P=3000;//KW
+VSL=11*10^3;//volt
+R=l*0.4;//ohm
+X=l*0.8;//ohm
+VS=VSL/sqrt(3);//Volts
+pf=0.8;//power factor
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+//VS=VR+I*(R*cos_fi_r+X*sin_fi_r);//V
+I_into_VR=P*1000/3/cos_fi_r;//VA
+//VR^2-VS*VR+I_into_VR*(R*cos_fi_r+X*sin_fi_r);
+p=[1 -VS I_into_VR*(R*cos_fi_r+X*sin_fi_r)];
+VR=roots(p);
+VR=VR(1);//taking greater value
+I=I_into_VR/VR;//A
+VRL=sqrt(3)*VR;//volt
+disp(VRL,"Line voltage at load end(volt) : ");
+Eta_T=P*1000/(P*1000+3*I^2*R)*100;//%
+disp(Eta_T,"Transmission Efficiency(%) : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.7/Example5_7.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.7/Example5_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b1ec8d64c --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.7/Example5_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Exa 5.7
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+R=5;//ohm/phase
+X=20;//ohm/phase
+VSL=46.85;//kV
+VRL=33;//kV
+VRL=VRL*1000;//v
+pf=0.8;//power factor
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+VR=VRL/sqrt(3);//V
+I=(VSL*1000/sqrt(3)-VR)/(R*cos_fi_r+X*sin_fi_r);//A
+Pout=sqrt(3)*VRL*I*pf/1000;//kW
+disp(Pout,"Power output(kW)");
+cosfi_s=(VR*pf+I*R)/(VSL*1000/sqrt(3));//power factor
+disp(cosfi_s,"Power factor at sending end(lagging)");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.8/Example5_8.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.8/Example5_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f36b431c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.8/Example5_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +//Exa 5.8
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+l=80;//km
+P=15;//MW
+VR=66*10^3;//Volt
+R=l*0.3125;//ohm
+X=l*1;//ohm
+Y=l*17.5*10^-6;//S
+pf=0.8;//power factor
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+IR=P*10^6/(VR*pf);//A
+IR=IR*(cos_fi_r-%i*sin_fi_r);//A
+IC=%i*Y*VR;//A
+IS=IR+IC;//A
+disp("Sending end current(A), magnitude is "+string(abs(IS))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(IS),real(IS))));
+VS=VR+IS*(R+%i*X);//volt
+disp("Sending end voltage(V), magnitude is "+string(abs(VS))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(VS),real(VS))));
+fi_s=atand(imag(VS),real(VS))-atand(imag(IS),real(IS));//
+cos_fis=cosd(fi_s);//sending end pf
+disp(cos_fis,"Sending end power factor(lag) : ");
+Reg=(abs(VS)-VR)/VR*100;//%
+disp(Reg,"Regulation(%) : ");
+LineLoss=abs(IS)^2*R/1000;//kW
+disp(LineLoss,"Line Losses in kW : ");
+Eta_T=P*1000/(P*1000+LineLoss)*100;//%
+disp(Eta_T,"Transmission Efficiency(%) : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH5/EX5.9/Example5_9.sce b/2078/CH5/EX5.9/Example5_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..23738c94c --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH5/EX5.9/Example5_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +//Exa 5.9
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+l=100;//km
+P=20;//MW
+VRL=66*10^3;//volt
+f=50;//Hz
+R=10;//ohm
+L=111.7*10^-3;//H
+C=0.9954*10^-6;//F
+pf=0.8;//power factor
+X=2*%pi*f*L;//ohm
+Y=2*%pi*f*C;//S
+cos_fi_r=pf;
+sin_fi_r=sqrt(1-cos_fi_r^2);
+VR=VRL/sqrt(3);//volt
+IR=P*10^6/(sqrt(3)*VRL*pf);//A
+IR=IR*(cos_fi_r-%i*sin_fi_r);//A
+Z=R+%i*X;//ohm
+Vdash=VR+1/2*IR*Z;//Volt
+IC=Vdash*%i*Y;//A
+IS=IR+IC;//A
+VS=Vdash+1/2*IS*Z;//Volt
+VSL=abs(VS)*sqrt(3);//Volt
+disp(VSL,"Sending end line voltage(Volt) :");
+Reg=(VSL-VRL)/VRL*100;//%
+disp(Reg,"Regulation(%) : ");
+fi_s=atand(imag(VS),real(VS))-atand(imag(IS),real(IS));//
+cos_fi_s=cosd(fi_s);//sending end pf
+Eta_T=sqrt(3)*VRL*abs(IR)*cos_fi_r/(sqrt(3)*VSL*abs(IS)*cos_fi_s)*100;//%
+disp(Eta_T,"Transmission Efficiency(%) : ");
+//Ans is not accurate in the book.
diff --git a/2078/CH6/EX6.1/Example6_1.sce b/2078/CH6/EX6.1/Example6_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f09fcf9c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH6/EX6.1/Example6_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +//Exa 6.1
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',6);
+//Given data :
+r=0.22;//ohm
+x=0.45;//ohm
+g=4*10^-9;//S
+b=2.53*10^-6;//S
+f=50;//Hz
+l=1000;//Km
+//Using Convergent series of complex angles
+z=r+%i*x;//ohm
+y=g+%i*b;//ohm
+Z=z*l;//ohm
+Y=y*l;//ohm
+YZ=Y*Z;//ohm
+Y2Z2=YZ^2;//ohm
+Y3Z3=YZ^3;//ohm
+A=1+YZ/2+Y2Z2/24+Y3Z3/720;//ohm
+D=A;//oh,m
+B=Z*(1+YZ/6+Y2Z2/120+Y3Z3/5040);//ohm
+C=Y*(1+YZ/6+Y2Z2/120+Y3Z3/5040);//ohm
+disp("Auxiliary Constants by using Convergent series of complex angles : ");
+disp(A,"A = ");
+disp(B,"B = ");
+disp(C,"C = ");
+//Using Convergent series of real angles
+A=cosh(sqrt(YZ));//ohm
+D=A;//ohm
+B=sqrt(Z/Y)*sinh(sqrt(YZ));//ohm
+C=sqrt(Y/Z)*sinh(sqrt(YZ));//ohm
+A=cosh(sqrt(YZ));//ohm
+disp("Auxiliary Constants by using Convergent series of real angles : ");
+disp("A, magnitude is "+string(abs(A))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(A),real(A))));
+disp("B, magnitude is "+string(abs(B))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(B),real(B))));
+disp("C, magnitude is "+string(abs(C))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(C),real(C))));
+disp("We obtain same result by both of the methods.")
diff --git a/2078/CH6/EX6.2/Example6_2.sce b/2078/CH6/EX6.2/Example6_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..14aa16f8f --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH6/EX6.2/Example6_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +//Exa 6.2
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',8);
+//Given data :
+Z=200*expm(%i*80*%pi/180);//ohm
+Y=0.0013*expm(%i*90*%pi/180);//S/phase
+P=80*10^6;//W
+pf=0.8;//power factor
+VRL=220*1000;//V
+VR=VRL/sqrt(3);//V
+IR=P/sqrt(3)/VRL/pf;//A
+fi=acosd(pf);//degree
+IR=IR*expm(%i*-fi*%pi/180);//A
+YZ=Y*Z;//ohm
+Y2Z2=YZ^2;//ohm
+Y3Z3=YZ^3;//ohm
+A=1+YZ/2+Y2Z2/24+Y3Z3/720;//ohm
+D=A;//oh,m
+B=Z*(1+YZ/6+Y2Z2/120+Y3Z3/5040);//ohm
+C=Y*(1+YZ/6+Y2Z2/120+Y3Z3/5040);//mho
+VS=A*VR+B*IR;//V
+VSL=sqrt(3)*abs(VS);//V
+disp(VSL/1000,"Sending end line voltage in kV : ");
+IS=C*VR+D*IR;//
+disp("Sending end current in A, magnitude is "+string(abs(IS))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(IS),real(IS))));
diff --git a/2078/CH6/EX6.3/Example6_3.sce b/2078/CH6/EX6.3/Example6_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0dd4846fc --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH6/EX6.3/Example6_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +//Exa 6.3
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',8);
+//Given data :
+VRL=220;//kV
+VR=VRL/sqrt(3);//V
+P=10*10^6;//VA
+Z=1+%i*8;//ohm(in %)
+Zse=Z/100*VRL^2/100;//ohm/phase
+A=0.9*expm(%i*0.6*%pi/180);//Auxiliary constant
+D=A;//Auxiliary constant
+B=153.2*expm(%i*84.6*%pi/180);//Auxiliary constant
+C=0.0012*expm(%i*90*%pi/180);//Auxiliary constant
+A0=A+C*Zse;//constant
+B0=B+D*Zse;//ohm//constant
+C0=C;//mho or S//constant
+D0=A;//constant
+disp("Constant A0, magnitude is "+string(abs(A0))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(A0),real(A0))));
+disp("Constant B0(ohm), magnitude is "+string(abs(B0))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(B0),real(B0))));
+disp("Constant C0(S), magnitude is "+string(abs(C0))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(C0),real(C0))));
+disp("Constant D0, magnitude is "+string(abs(D0))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(D0),real(D0))));
diff --git a/2078/CH6/EX6.4/Example6_4.sce b/2078/CH6/EX6.4/Example6_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1d853c487 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH6/EX6.4/Example6_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Exa 6.4
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',8);
+//Given data :
+A=0.98*expm(%i*2*%pi/180);//Auxiliary constant
+D=A;//Auxiliary constant
+B=28*expm(%i*69*%pi/180);//Auxiliary constant
+Zse=12*expm(%i*80*%pi/180);//ohm
+C=(A*D-1)/B;//Auxiliary constant
+A0=A+C*Zse;//constant
+B0=B+2*A*Zse+C*Zse^2;//ohm//constant
+C0=C;//mho or S//constant
+D0=A0;//constant
+disp("Constant A0, magnitude is "+string(abs(A0))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(A0),real(A0))));
+disp("Constant B0(ohm), magnitude is "+string(abs(B0))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(B0),real(B0))));
+disp("Constant C0(S), magnitude is "+string(abs(C0))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(C0),real(C0))));
+disp("Constant D0, magnitude is "+string(abs(D0))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(D0),real(D0))));
diff --git a/2078/CH6/EX6.5/Example6_5.sce b/2078/CH6/EX6.5/Example6_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..518f9f30a --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH6/EX6.5/Example6_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Exa 6.5
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',8);
+//Given data :
+A=0.92*expm(%i*5.3*%pi/180);//Auxiliary constant
+D=A;//Auxiliary constant
+B=65.3*expm(%i*81*%pi/180);//Auxiliary constant
+ZT=100*expm(%i*70*%pi/180);//ohm
+YT=0.0002*expm(%i*-75*%pi/180);//S
+C=(A*D-1)/B;//Auxiliary constant
+A0=A*(1+2*YT*ZT)+B*(YT)+C*ZT*(1+YT*ZT);//constant
+B0=2*A*ZT+B+C*ZT^2;//ohm//constant
+C0=2*A*YT*(1+YT*ZT)+B*YT^2+C*(1+YT*ZT)^2;//mho or S//constant
+D0=A0;//constant
+disp("Constant A0, magnitude is "+string(abs(A0))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(A0),real(A0))));
+disp("Constant B0(ohm), magnitude is "+string(abs(B0))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(B0),real(B0))));
+disp("Constant C0(S), magnitude is "+string(abs(C0))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(C0),real(C0))));
+disp("Constant D0, magnitude is "+string(abs(D0))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(D0),real(D0))));
diff --git a/2078/CH6/EX6.6/Example6_6.sce b/2078/CH6/EX6.6/Example6_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ca823ecdd --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH6/EX6.6/Example6_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Exa 6.6
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',8);
+//Given data :
+A=0.945*expm(%i*1.02*%pi/180);//Auxiliary constant
+D=A;//Auxiliary constant
+B=82.3*expm(%i*73.03*%pi/180);//ohm//Auxiliary constant
+C=0.001376*expm(%i*90.4*%pi/180);//S//Auxiliary constant
+//part (i)
+Y=C;//S
+Z=2*(A-1)/C;//ohm
+disp("For equivalent T-network : ");
+disp("Shunt admittance in S, magnitude is "+string(abs(Y))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(Y),real(Y))));
+disp("Impedance in ohm, magnitude is "+string(abs(Z))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(Z),real(Z))));
+disp("For equivalent pi-network : ");
+Z=B;//ohm
+disp("Series Impedance in ohm, magnitude is "+string(abs(Z))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(Z),real(Z))));
+Y=2*(A-1)/B;//S
+disp("Shunt admittance in S, magnitude is "+string(abs(Y))+" and angle in degree is "+string(atand(imag(Y),real(Y))));
+//For T-Network Value of Z is wrog in the book.
diff --git a/2078/CH7/EX7.1/Example7_1.sce b/2078/CH7/EX7.1/Example7_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..baef4953e --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH7/EX7.1/Example7_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Exa 7.1
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+r=1;//cm
+d=4;//meter
+g0=30/sqrt(2);//kV/cm
+LineVoltage=sqrt(3)*g0*r*log(d*100/r);//kV
+disp(round(LineVoltage),"Line Voltage for comencing of corena(in kV) :");
diff --git a/2078/CH7/EX7.2/Example7_2.sce b/2078/CH7/EX7.2/Example7_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ea27314ea --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH7/EX7.2/Example7_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +//Exa 7.2
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+Ph=3;//phase
+V=220;//kV
+f=50;//Hz
+r=1.2;//cm
+d=2;//meter
+mo=0.96;//Irregularity factor
+t=20;//degree C
+T=t+273;//K
+b=72.2;//cm
+go=21.1;//kV rms/cm
+del=3.92*b/T;//Air density factor
+Vdo=go*del*mo*r*log(d*100/r);//in kV
+Vdo_line=sqrt(3)*Vdo;//in kV
+disp(round(Vdo_line),"Disruptive critical voltage from line to line(kV rms) : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH7/EX7.3/Example7_3.sce b/2078/CH7/EX7.3/Example7_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d80abb4a4 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH7/EX7.3/Example7_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Exa 7.3
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',5);
+//Given data :
+V=132;//kV
+r=2/2;//cm
+Vexceed=210;//kV(rms)
+go=30000/sqrt(2);//Volts/cm
+go=go/1000;//kV/cm
+Vdo=Vexceed/sqrt(3);//Volt
+mo=1;//assumed
+del=1;//assumed air density factor
+//Formula : Vdo=go*del*mo*r*log(d*100/r);//in kV
+d=exp(Vdo/go/del/mo/r)*r;//cm
+disp(d*10^-2,"Spacing between conductors in meter : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH7/EX7.4/Example7_4.sce b/2078/CH7/EX7.4/Example7_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..cb30bd183 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH7/EX7.4/Example7_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Exa 7.4
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',5);
+//Given data :
+Ph=3;//phase
+V=132;//kV
+f=50;//Hz
+d=3;//meter
+d=d*100;//in cm
+go=21.21;//kV/cm : assumed
+mo=0.85;//assumed
+del=0.95;//assumed air density factor
+Vdo=V/sqrt(3);//kV
+//Formula : Vdo=go*del*mo*r*log(d*100/r);//in kV
+//r*log(d/r)=Vdo/go/del/mo: solving
+//Implementing Hit & Trial method
+for r=0.1:.1:2
+ if floor(r*log(d/r))==floor(Vdo/go/del/mo) then
+ disp(2*r,"Minimum Diameter of conductor by Hit & Trial method(cm) : ");
+ break;
+ end
+end
diff --git a/2078/CH7/EX7.5/Example7_5.sce b/2078/CH7/EX7.5/Example7_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b9696e561 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH7/EX7.5/Example7_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +//Exa 7.5
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',7);
+//Given data :
+r=2.5/2;//cm
+epsilon_r=4;//constant
+r1=3/2;//cm
+r2=9/2;//cm
+V=20;//kV(rms)
+//Formula : gmax=q/(2*epsilon*r)
+g2maxBYg1max=r/epsilon_r/r1;//unitless
+//Formula : V=g1max*r*log(r1/r)+g2max*r1*log(r2/r1)
+g1max=V/(r*log(r1/r)+g2maxBYg1max*r1*log(r2/r1));//in kV/cm
+disp(g1max,"g1max(kV/cm) = ");
+disp("g1max > go, Corona will be present.");
diff --git a/2078/CH7/EX7.6/Example7_6.sce b/2078/CH7/EX7.6/Example7_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..da2b07181 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH7/EX7.6/Example7_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +//Exa 7.6
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',5);
+//Given data :
+Ph=3;//phase
+r=10.4/2;//mm
+r=r/10;//in cm
+d=2.5;//meter
+d=d*100;//in cm
+t=21;//degree C
+T=t+273;//K
+b=73.6;//cm-Hg
+mo=0.85;
+mv_l=0.7;
+mv_g=0.8;
+go=21.21;//kV/cm : assumed
+del=3.92*b/T;//Air density factor
+//Formula : Vdo=go*del*mo*r*log(d*100/r);//kV
+Vdo=go*del*mo*r*log(d/r);//kV
+Vdo_line=sqrt(3)*Vdo;//kV
+Vvo=go*del*mv_l*r*(1+.3/sqrt(del*r))*log(d/r);//kV
+Vvo_line_local=Vvo*sqrt(3);//kV(rms)
+disp(Vvo_line_local,"Line to line visual critical voltage for local corona(kV-rms) : ")
+Vvo_line_general=Vvo_line_local*mv_g/mv_l;//kV(rms)
+disp(Vvo_line_general,"Line to line visual critical voltage for general corona(kV-rms) : ")
+//Note : Answer in the book is not accurate.
diff --git a/2078/CH7/EX7.7/Example7_7.sce b/2078/CH7/EX7.7/Example7_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6923564ac --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH7/EX7.7/Example7_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Exa 7.7
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',5);
+//Given data :
+Pc1=53;//in kW
+V1=106;//in kV
+Pc2=98;//in kW
+V2=110.9;//in kV
+Vph1=V1/sqrt(3);//in kV
+Vph2=V2/sqrt(3);//in kV
+//Formula : Pc=3*244/del*(f+25)*sqrt(r/d)*(Vph-Vdo)^2*10^-5;//kW/Km
+disp("Using proportionality : Pc is proportional to (Vph-Vdo)^2");
+disp("We have, Pc1/Pc2 = (Vph1-Vdo)^2/(Vph2-Vdo)^2");
+Vdo=(Vph1-sqrt(Pc1/Pc2)*(Vph2))/(1-sqrt(Pc1/Pc2));
+V3=113;//in kV
+Vph3=V3/sqrt(3);//in kV
+Pc3=Pc2*(Vph3-Vdo)^2/(Vph2-Vdo)^2;//in kW
+disp(Pc3,"Corona Loss at 113 kV in kW : ");
+VLine=sqrt(3)*Vdo;//in kV
+disp(VLine,"Disruptive critical voltage between lines(kV): ");
diff --git a/2078/CH7/EX7.8/Example7_8.sce b/2078/CH7/EX7.8/Example7_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5de7d4e11 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH7/EX7.8/Example7_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +//Exa 7.8
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',5);
+//Given data :
+f=50;//Hz
+l=160;//km
+r=1.036/2;//cm
+d=2.44*100;//cm
+g0=21.1;//kV/cm(rms)
+m0=0.85;//irregularity factor
+mv=0.72;//roughness factor
+b=73.15;//cm
+t=26.6;//degree C
+del=3.92*b/(273+t);//air density factor
+Vd0=g0*del*m0*r*log(d/r);//kV(rms)
+disp(Vd0,"Critical disruptive voltage(rms) in kV : ");
+Vv0=g0*del*mv*r*(1+0.3/sqrt(del*r))*log(d/r);//kV
+disp(Vv0,"Visual Critical voltage(rms) in kV : ");
+Vph=110/sqrt(3);//in kV
+Pc_dash=d/del*(f+25)*sqrt(r/d)*(Vph-0.8*Vd0)^2*10^-5;//kW/km/phase
+T_Corona_loss=l*3*Pc_dash;//kW
+disp(T_Corona_loss,"Total corona loss under foul weather condition using Peek formula in kW : ");
+VphBYVd0=Vph/Vd0/0.8;
+K=0.46;//constant
+Corona_loss=21*10^-5*f*Vph^2*K/(log10(d/r))^2;//kW/km/phase
+T_corona_loss=Corona_loss*3*l;//kW
+disp(T_corona_loss,"Total corona loss under foul weather condition using Peterson formula in kW : ");
diff --git a/2078/CH7/EX7.9/Example7_9.sce b/2078/CH7/EX7.9/Example7_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3ba526564 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH7/EX7.9/Example7_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +//Example 7.9
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//given data :
+f=50;//Hz
+l=175;//km
+r=1/2;//cm
+d=3*100;//cm
+g0=21.1;//kV/cm(rms)
+m0=0.85;//irregularity factor
+mv=0.72;//roughness factor
+mv_dash=0.82;//roughness factor
+b=74;//cm
+t=26;//degree C
+Vph=110/sqrt(3);//kV
+del=3.92*b/(273+t);//air density factor
+Vd0=g0*del*m0*r*log(d/r);//kV(rms)
+Vvo=g0*del*mv*r*(1+0.3/sqrt(del*r))*log(d/r);//kV rms
+Vvo_dash=Vvo*mv_dash/mv;//kV rms
+Pc=244/del*(f+25)*sqrt(r/d)*(Vph-Vd0)^2*10^-5;//kW/Km/phase
+T_CoronaLoss=Pc*l*3;//kW
+disp("Power loss due to corona for fair weather condition : ");
+disp(T_CoronaLoss,"Total corona loss using Peek formula in kW : ");
+K=0.0713;//constant for Vph/Vdo=1.142
+Pc=21*10^-5*f*Vph^2/(log10(d/r))^2*K;//kW/Km/phase
+T_CoronaLoss=Pc*l*3;//kW
+disp(T_CoronaLoss,"According Peterson formula, Total corona loss for 175 km 3-phase line(kW): ");
+disp("Power loss due to corona for stormy weather condition : ");
+Vd0=0.8*Vd0;//kV
+Pc_dash=l*3*244/del*(f+25)*sqrt(r/d)*(Vph-Vd0)^2*10^-5;//kW/Km/phase
+disp(Pc_dash,"Total corona loss using Peek formula in kW : ");
+K=0.395;//constant for Vph/Vdo=1.42
+Pc=21*10^-5*f*Vph^2/(log10(d/r))^2*K;//kW/Km/phase
+T_CoronaLoss=Pc*l*3;//kW
+disp(T_CoronaLoss,"According Peterson formula, Total corona loss for 175 km 3-phase line(kW): ");
+//Answer is wrong in the book for corona loss fair weather condition using Peek formula.
diff --git a/2078/CH8/EX8.1/Example8_1.sce b/2078/CH8/EX8.1/Example8_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..dadd485e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH8/EX8.1/Example8_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +//Exa 8.1
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',6);
+//Given data :
+f=50;//Hz
+hor_con=1.2;//horizontal configuration spacing in m
+x=0.85;//telephone line location below power line in meter
+I=120;//current in power line in A
+d=0.4;//spacing between conductors in meter
+dAD=sqrt(x^2+((hor_con+d)/2)^2);//m
+dAC=sqrt(x^2+((hor_con-d)/2)^2);//m
+dBD=dAC;//m
+dBC=dAD;//m
+M=d*log(sqrt(dAD*dBC/dAC/dBD));//mh/km
+Vm=2*%pi*f*M*10^-3*I;//V
+disp(Vm,"Voltage induced per Km in the line in Volt :");
diff --git a/2078/CH8/EX8.2/Example8_2.sce b/2078/CH8/EX8.2/Example8_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..57f0bba1f --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH8/EX8.2/Example8_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +//Exa 8.2
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+format('v',6);
+//Given data :
+f=50;//HzdAP=AO+5;//m
+l=200;//km
+V=132*1000;//V
+Load=28000;//kW
+pf=0.85;//lagging power factor
+r=5/1000;//radius of conductor in m
+//From the figure given in question
+AO=sqrt(4^2-2^2);//m
+dAP=AO+5;//m
+dAQ=dAP+1;//m
+dBP=sqrt(5^2+2^2);//m
+dBQ=sqrt(6^2+2^2);//m
+MA=0.2*log(dAQ/dAP);//mH/km
+MB=0.2*log(dBQ/dBP);//mH/km
+MC=MB;//mH/km
+M=MB-MA;//mH/km(MA,MB and Mc are displaced by 120 degree)
+I=Load*1000/sqrt(3)/V/pf;//A
+Vm=2*%pi*f*M*10^-3*I;//V/km
+Vm1=Vm*l;//V(For whole route)
+disp(Vm1,"Induced Voltage(For whole route) in Volts : ");
+VA=V/sqrt(3);//V
+VB=V/sqrt(3);//V
+hA=20+AO;//m
+VPA=VA*log((2*hA-dAP)/dAP)/log((2*hA-r)/r);//V
+VPB=VB*log((2*hA-dBP)/dBP)/log((2*hA-r)/r);//V
+VPC=VPB;//V
+VP=VPB-VPA;//V
+disp(VP,"Potential of telephone conductor in Volts :");
+//Answer in the book is wrong due to little accuracy as compared to scilab.
diff --git a/2078/CH9/EX9.1/Example9_1.sce b/2078/CH9/EX9.1/Example9_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..228cf149b --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH9/EX9.1/Example9_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Exa 9.1
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+C1=1;//
+C=6;
+K=C1/C;
+V2byV1=(1+K);
+V3byV1=(1+3*K+K^2);
+V4byV1=(1+6*K+5*K^2+K^3);
+//I5=I4+i4;
+//omega*C*V5=omega*C*V4+omega*C1*(V1+V2+V3+V4)
+V5byV1=1+10*K+15*K^2+7*K^3+K^4
+VbyV1=1+V2byV1+V3byV1+V4byV1+V5byV1;
+V1byV=1/VbyV1;
+disp("Voltage across the first unit is "+string(V1byV*100)+" % of V");
+disp("Voltage across the seconf unit is "+string(V2byV1*V1byV*100)+" % of V");
+disp("Voltage across the third unit is "+string(V3byV1*V1byV*100)+" % of V");
+disp("Voltage across the fourth unit is "+string(V4byV1*V1byV*100)+" % of V");
+disp("Voltage across the bottom most unit is "+string(V5byV1*V1byV*100)+" % of V");
+n=5;//no. of unit
+Strinf_eff=1/n/(V5byV1*V1byV);//%
+disp(Strinf_eff*100,"String Efficiency(%)");
diff --git a/2078/CH9/EX9.10/Example9_10.sce b/2078/CH9/EX9.10/Example9_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..29aa15e97 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH9/EX9.10/Example9_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +//Exa 9.10
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+n=8;//no. of units
+p=1:8;
+//Cp=p*C/(n-p)
+C1byC=1/(n-p(1));
+C2byC=2/(n-p(2));
+C3byC=3/(n-p(3));
+C4byC=4/(n-p(4));
+C5byC=5/(n-p(5));
+C6byC=6/(n-p(6));
+C7byC=7/(n-p(7));
+disp("C1 is "+string(C1byC)+" times of C");
+disp("C2 is "+string(C2byC)+" times of C");
+disp("C3 is "+string(C3byC)+" times of C");
+disp("C4 is "+string(C4byC)+" times of C");
+disp("C5 is "+string(C5byC)+" times of C");
+disp("C6 is "+string(C6byC)+" times of C");
+disp("C7 is "+string(C7byC)+" times of C");
diff --git a/2078/CH9/EX9.11/Example9_11.sce b/2078/CH9/EX9.11/Example9_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3534149e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH9/EX9.11/Example9_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +//Exa 9.11
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+v2byv1=25/23.25;//ratio(By Kirchoff law)
+v3byv1=1.65/1.1625;//ratio(By Kirchoff law)
+Vbyv1=1+v2byv1+v3byv1;//ratio(Final voltage between line conductor & earth)
+v1byV=1/Vbyv1;//ratio
+v2byV=v2byv1*v1byV;//ratio
+v3byV=v3byv1*v1byV;//ratio
+eff=1/3/v3byV*100;//string efficiency in %(V/3/v3)
+disp(eff,"String efficiency in % is ");
diff --git a/2078/CH9/EX9.12/Example9_12.sce b/2078/CH9/EX9.12/Example9_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..78697ee7f --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH9/EX9.12/Example9_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +//Exa 9.12
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+V=20;//kV
+C=poly(0,'C');
+//Cmutual=C;//F
+CmutualBYC=1;
+//Cshunt=C/5;//F
+CshuntBYC=1/5;
+//I2=I1+i1//omega*C*V2=omega*C*V1+omega*Cshunt*V1
+V2BYV1=1+CshuntBYC;
+V3BYV2=1;//a V2=V3
+//V=V1+V2+V3
+V1=V/(V3BYV2+V2BYV1+V2BYV1);//kV
+V2=V2BYV1*V1;//kV
+V3=V2;//kV
+disp(V3,"Voltage onn the line end unit in kV : ");
+//I3+ix=I2+i2
+CxBYC=(V2+CshuntBYC*(V1+V2)-V3)/V3;
+disp("Capacitance required is "+string(CxBYC)+"C(in F).");
+
+
diff --git a/2078/CH9/EX9.2/Example9_2.sce b/2078/CH9/EX9.2/Example9_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..41d45da95 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH9/EX9.2/Example9_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +//Exa 9.2
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+C1=1;//
+C=10;
+K=C1/C;
+V2byV1=(1+K);
+V3byV1=(1+3*K+K^2);
+V4byV1=(1+6*K+5*K^2+K^3);
+V5byV1=1+10*K+15*K^2+7*K^3+K^4
+//I6=I5+i5;
+//omega*C*V6=omega*C*V5+omega*C1*(V1+V2+V3+V4+V5)
+V6byV1=V5byV1+K*(1+V2byV1+V3byV1+V4byV1+V5byV1);
+VbyV1=1+V2byV1+V3byV1+V4byV1+V5byV1+V6byV1;
+V1byV=1/VbyV1;
+disp("Voltage across the first unit is "+string(V1byV*100)+" % of V");
+disp("Voltage across the seconf unit is "+string(V2byV1*V1byV*100)+" % of V");
+disp("Voltage across the third unit is "+string(V3byV1*V1byV*100)+" % of V");
+disp("Voltage across the fourth unit is "+string(V4byV1*V1byV*100)+" % of V");
+disp("Voltage across the fifth unit is "+string(V5byV1*V1byV*100)+" % of V");
+disp("Voltage across the sixth unit is "+string(V6byV1*V1byV*100)+" % of V");
+n=6;//no. of unit
+Strinf_eff=1/n/(V6byV1*V1byV);//%
+disp(Strinf_eff*100,"String Efficiency(%)");
diff --git a/2078/CH9/EX9.3/Example9_3.sce b/2078/CH9/EX9.3/Example9_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d4a9f2701 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH9/EX9.3/Example9_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Exa 9.3
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+V=66;//kV
+//Part(i)
+n=5;//no. of uniits
+K=1/5;//shunt to mutual capacitance ratio
+V1=V/(5+20*K+21*K^2+8*K^3+K^4);//kV
+V5=V1*(1+10*K+15*K^2+7*K^3+K^4);//kV
+Strinf_eff=V/n/V5;
+disp(Strinf_eff*100,"Part(i) Percentage String Efficiency(%)");
+//Part(ii)
+n=5;//no. of uniits
+K=1/6;//shunt to mutual capacitance ratio
+V1=V/(5+20*K+21*K^2+8*K^3+K^4);//kV
+V5=V1*(1+10*K+15*K^2+7*K^3+K^4);//kV
+Strinf_eff=V/n/V5;
+disp(Strinf_eff*100,"Part(ii) Percentage String Efficiency(%)");
diff --git a/2078/CH9/EX9.4/Example9_4.sce b/2078/CH9/EX9.4/Example9_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9155647ba --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH9/EX9.4/Example9_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Exa 9.4
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+Vs=20;//kV
+n=3;//no. of uniits
+K=0.1;//shunt to mutual capacitance ratio
+V3=Vs;//kV
+V1=V3/(1+3*K+K^2);//kV
+disp(V1,"Voltage across top most unit(kV)");
+V2=V1*(1+K);//kV
+disp(V2,"Voltage across middle unit(kV)");
+V=V1+V2+V3;//kV
+Strinf_eff=V/n/V3;
+disp(Strinf_eff*100,"Percentage String Efficiency(%)");
diff --git a/2078/CH9/EX9.5/Example9_5.sce b/2078/CH9/EX9.5/Example9_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9510c06bf --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH9/EX9.5/Example9_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Exa 9.5
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+Vs=17.5;//kV
+n=3;//no. of uniits
+K=1/8;//shunt to mutual capacitance ratio
+V3=Vs;//kV
+V1=V3/(1+3*K+K^2);//kV
+V2=V1*(1+K);//kV
+V=V1+V2+V3;//kV
+//Strinf_eff=V/n/V3;
+disp(V,"Maximum safe working voltage(kV)");
diff --git a/2078/CH9/EX9.6/Example9_6.sce b/2078/CH9/EX9.6/Example9_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c3388b969 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH9/EX9.6/Example9_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +//Exa 9.6
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+Vs=12;//kV
+n=4;//no. of uniits
+K=0.1;//shunt to mutual capacitance ratio
+V4=Vs;//kV
+V1=V4/(1+6*K+5*K^2+K^3);//kV
+V2=V1*(1+K);//kV
+V3=V1*(1+3*K+K^2);//kV
+V=V1+V2+V3+V4;//kV
+disp(V,"Maximum safe working voltage(kV)");
+Strinf_eff=V/n/V4;
+disp(Strinf_eff*100,"Percentage String Efficiency(%)");
diff --git a/2078/CH9/EX9.7/Example9_7.sce b/2078/CH9/EX9.7/Example9_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..be97caa53 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH9/EX9.7/Example9_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +//Exa 9.7
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+Vs=11;//kV
+n=5;//no. of uniits
+K=0.1;//shunt to mutual capacitance ratio
+V5=Vs;//kV
+V1=V5/(1+10*K+15*K^2+7*K^3+K^4);//kV
+V2=V1*(1+K);//kV
+V3=V1*(1+3*K+K^2);//kV
+V4=V1*(1+6*K+5*K^2+K^3);//kV
+V=V1+V2+V3+V4+V5;//kV
+disp(V,"Maximum safe working voltage(kV)");
diff --git a/2078/CH9/EX9.8/Example9_8.sce b/2078/CH9/EX9.8/Example9_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..dae6aa61f --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH9/EX9.8/Example9_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +//Exa 9.8
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+V2=15;//kV
+V3=21;//kV
+n=4;//no. of uniits
+//V3/V2=(1+3*K+K^2)/(1+K)
+//K^2*V2+K*(V3+3*V2)-V2+V3=0;
+p=[V2 -V3+3*V2 V2-V3];
+K=roots(p);
+K=K(2);//Taking +ve value
+V1=V2/(1+K);//kV
+V4=(1+6*K+5*K^2+K^3)*V1;//kV
+V=V1+V2+V3+V4;//kV
+VL=sqrt(3)*V;//kV
+disp(VL,"Voltage between conductors(kV)");
+Strinf_eff=V/n/V4;
+disp(Strinf_eff*100,"Percentage String Efficiency(%)");
diff --git a/2078/CH9/EX9.9/Example9_9.sce b/2078/CH9/EX9.9/Example9_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7f2ce0d25 --- /dev/null +++ b/2078/CH9/EX9.9/Example9_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +//Exa 9.9
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+K=0.1;//shunt to mutual capacitance ratio
+CbyC1=10;
+C2byC1=(1+K)*CbyC1;
+C3byC1=(1+3*K)*CbyC1;
+C4byC1=(1+6*K)*CbyC1;
+disp("C2 is "+string(C2byC1)+" times of C1");
+disp("C3 is "+string(C3byC1)+" times of C1");
+disp("C4 is "+string(C4byC1)+" times of C1");
+//I5=I4+i4
+//omega*C5*v=omega*C4*v+omega*C1*4*v
+C5byC1=(1+10*K)*CbyC1;
+disp("C5 is "+string(C5byC1)+" times of C1");
+//I6=I5+i5
+//omega*C6*v=omega*C5*v+omega*C1*5*v
+C6byC1=(1+15*K)*CbyC1;
+disp("C6 is "+string(C6byC1)+" times of C1");
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