diff options
Diffstat (limited to '1682/CH8')
| -rwxr-xr-x | 1682/CH8/EX8.1/Exa8_1.sce | 46 | ||||
| -rwxr-xr-x | 1682/CH8/EX8.10/Exa8_10.sce | 37 | ||||
| -rwxr-xr-x | 1682/CH8/EX8.2/Exa8_2.sce | 10 | ||||
| -rwxr-xr-x | 1682/CH8/EX8.3/Exa8_3.sce | 14 | ||||
| -rwxr-xr-x | 1682/CH8/EX8.4/Exa8_4.sce | 25 | ||||
| -rwxr-xr-x | 1682/CH8/EX8.5/Exa8_5.sce | 25 | ||||
| -rwxr-xr-x | 1682/CH8/EX8.6/Exa8_6.sce | 26 | ||||
| -rwxr-xr-x | 1682/CH8/EX8.7/Exa8_7.sce | 40 | ||||
| -rwxr-xr-x | 1682/CH8/EX8.8/Exa8_8.sce | 26 | ||||
| -rwxr-xr-x | 1682/CH8/EX8.9/Exa8_9.sce | 37 |
10 files changed, 286 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/1682/CH8/EX8.1/Exa8_1.sce b/1682/CH8/EX8.1/Exa8_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6f26b0803 --- /dev/null +++ b/1682/CH8/EX8.1/Exa8_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +//Exa 8.1
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//given data :
+//When i=0%
+disp("When i = 0% :");
+FC=4000;//in Rs.
+i=0;//in % per annum
+MC1=0;//in Rs.
+disp("Tabulation to determine economic life : ");
+disp("End of Maintenance Summation of Avg cost of Avg FC if Avg total");
+disp(" year cost at end maintenance maintenance replaced at cost through");
+disp(" of year costs through year year given year given");
+disp(" A B(Rs.) C(Rs.) D(Rs.) E(Rs.) F(Rs.)");
+disp(" 1 0 0 0 4000 4000");
+disp(" 2 200 200 100 2000 2100");
+disp(" 3 400 600 200 1333.33 1533.33");
+disp(" 4 600 1200 300 1000 1300");
+disp(" 5 800 2000 400 800 1200");
+disp(" 6 1000 3000 500 666.67 1166.67");
+disp(" 7 1200 4200 600 571.43 1171.43");
+disp("Economic life of the machine : 6 years");
+disp("Column C summarizes the summation of maintenance costs for each replacement period. The value corresponding to any end of year in this column represents the total maintenance costs of using the equipment till the end of that year. It gives the Economic life of the machine : 6 years");
+
+//When i=12%
+disp("When i = 12% :");
+i=12;//in % per annum
+FC=4000;//in Rs.
+disp("Tabulation to determine economic life : ");
+disp("End of Maintenance P/F PW as of begin Summation of PW of A/P Annual equi");
+disp(" year cost at end 12% of year of PW of cumulative 12% total cost");
+disp(" of year n maintenance maintenance maintenance n of year");
+disp(" A B(Rs.) C(Rs.) D(Rs.) E(Rs.) F(Rs.) G(rs.) H(rs.)");
+disp(" 1 0 0.8929 0.00 0.00 4000.00 1.1200 4480.00");
+disp(" 2 200 0.7972 159.44 159.44 4159.44 0.5917 2461.14");
+disp(" 3 400 0.7118 284.72 444.16 4444.16 0.4163 1850.10");
+disp(" 4 600 0.6355 381.30 825.46 4825.46 0.3292 1588.54");
+disp(" 5 800 0.5674 453.92 1279.38 5279.38 0.2774 1464.50");
+disp(" 6 1000 0.5066 506.60 1785.98 5785.98 0.2432 1407.15");
+disp(" 7 1200 0.4524 542.88 2328.86 6328.86 0.2191 1386.65");
+disp(" 8 1400 0.4039 565.46 2894.32 6894.32 0.2013 1387.83");
+disp(" 9 1600 0.3606 576.96 3471.28 7471.28 0.1877 1402.36");
+disp(" 10 1800 0.3220 579.60 4050.88 8050.88 0.1770 1425.00");
+disp("Economic life of the machine : 7 years");
+disp("For this problem, the annual equivalent total cost is minimum at the end of year 7. Therefore, the economic life of the equipment is 7 year.");
diff --git a/1682/CH8/EX8.10/Exa8_10.sce b/1682/CH8/EX8.10/Exa8_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a1bbed274 --- /dev/null +++ b/1682/CH8/EX8.10/Exa8_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +//Exa 8.10
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+p1=(100-96)/100;//unitless
+p2=(96-89)/100;//unitless
+p3=(89-68)/100;//unitless
+p4=(68-37)/100;//unitless
+p5=(37-13)/100;//unitless
+p6=(13-0)/100;//unitless
+N0=1000;//no. of resistors
+N1=N0*p1;//no. of resistors
+N2=N0*p2+N1*p1;//no. of resistors
+N3=N0*p3+N1*p2+N2*p1;//no. of resistors
+N4=N0*p4+N1*p3+N2*p2+N3*p1;//no. of resistors
+N5=N0*p5+N1*p4+N2*p3+N3*p2+N4*p1;//no. of resistors
+N6=N0*p6+N1*p5+N2*p4+N3*p3+N4*p2+N5*p1 ;//no. of resistors
+//Calculation of individual replacement cost
+Life=0;//in months
+p=[p1 p2 p3 p4 p5 p6];//Unitless
+for i=1:6
+ Life=Life+i*p(i);
+end
+disp(Life,"Expected life of each transistor in months : ")
+disp(round(1000/Life),"Average No. of failures/month : ");
+disp(round(1000/Life)*10,"Therefore, cost of individual replacement in Rs. : ")
+
+
+//Calculation of group replacement cost
+disp("Cost/transistor when replaced simultaneously = Rs. 4");
+disp("Cost/transistor when replaced individually = Rs. 10");
+disp("The cost of group replacement policy for several replacement periods are summarized in Table 8.7. This table can be seen from the book.");
+disp("From table it is clear that the avg cost/month is minimum for the 3rd month. Hence, the group replacement period is 3 months.");
+disp("Individual replacement cost/month = Rs. 2480");
+disp("Minimum group replacement ost/month = Rs. 2426.67");
+disp("Since the min group replacement cost/month is less than the individual replacement cost/month, the group replacement policy is the best, and hence all the transistors should be replaced in 3 months.")
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1682/CH8/EX8.2/Exa8_2.sce b/1682/CH8/EX8.2/Exa8_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..075baa636 --- /dev/null +++ b/1682/CH8/EX8.2/Exa8_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +//Exa 8.2
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+FC=20000;//in Rs.
+i=15;//in % per annum
+disp("The other details are summarized in Table 8.3. It can be seen from the book.");
+disp("Total annual equivalent cost = [cumulative sum of PW as of beginning of year 1 of operation & maintenance cost + FC - PW as of beginning of year 1 of salvage]*(A/P,15,n)");
+disp("In column L, the annual equivalent cost is minimum for n=5. Therefore, the economic life of the machine is 5 years. ");
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1682/CH8/EX8.3/Exa8_3.sce b/1682/CH8/EX8.3/Exa8_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..24b921f84 --- /dev/null +++ b/1682/CH8/EX8.3/Exa8_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +//Exa 8.3
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+FC=20000;//in Rs.
+i=15;//in % per annum
+disp("The details are summarized in Table 8.4. It can be seen from the book.");
+disp("Total annual equivalent cost = [summation of PW of maintenance cost + FC]]*(A/P,15,n)");
+disp("(column E + Rs. 6000)* Column G");
+disp("Column F * Column G");
+disp("In column H, the minimum annual equivalent cost occurs when n=8. Therefore, the economic life of the machine B is 8 years. ");
+disp("RESULT : Min annual equivalent cost for machine A : Rs. 2780");
+disp("Min annual equivalent cost for machine B : Rs. 3672.30");
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1682/CH8/EX8.4/Exa8_4.sce b/1682/CH8/EX8.4/Exa8_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3e5f0fee5 --- /dev/null +++ b/1682/CH8/EX8.4/Exa8_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +//Exa 8.4
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Alternative 1: Present machine :
+Pprice=200000;//in Rs
+P=120000;//in Rs
+F=25000;//in Rs
+A=25000;//in Rs
+i=12;//in % per annum
+n=6;//in years
+//Formula : (A/P,i,n) : ((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)
+AE1=(P-F)*((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)+F*i/100+A;//in RS
+disp(AE1,"The annual equivalent cost(AE(12%)) of this alternative in RS. : ");
+
+//Alternative 2: New machine :
+P=150000;//in Rs
+F=20000;//in Rs
+A=14000;//in Rs
+i=12;//in % per annum
+n=6;//in years
+//Formula : (A/P,i,n) : ((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)
+AE2=(P-F)*((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)+F*i/100+A;//in RS
+disp(AE2,"The annual equivalent cost(AE(12%)) of this alternative in RS. : ");
+disp("Since, The equivalent cost of new machine is less than that of present machine, it is suggested that the present machine be replaced with the new machine.");
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1682/CH8/EX8.5/Exa8_5.sce b/1682/CH8/EX8.5/Exa8_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..799aa6c62 --- /dev/null +++ b/1682/CH8/EX8.5/Exa8_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +//Exa 8.5
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Alternative 1: Old deisel Engine :
+Pprice=50000;//in Rs
+P=15000;//in Rs
+F=8000;//in Rs
+A=14000;//in Rs
+i=15;//in % per annum
+n=5;//in years
+//Formula : (A/P,i,n) : ((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)
+AE1=(P-F)*((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)+F*i/100+A;//in RS
+disp(AE1,"The annual equivalent cost(AE(15%)) of this alternative in RS. : ");
+
+//Alternative 2: New deisel Engine :
+P=65000;//in Rs
+F=13000;//in Rs
+A=9000;//in Rs
+i=15;//in % per annum
+n=20;//in years
+//Formula : (A/P,i,n) : ((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)
+AE2=(P-F)*((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)+F*i/100+A;//in RS
+disp(AE2,"The annual equivalent cost(AE(15%)) of this alternative in RS. : ");
+disp("Since, The equivalent cost of Old deisel Engine is less than that of New deisel Engine, it is suggested to keep the Old deisel Engine.");
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1682/CH8/EX8.6/Exa8_6.sce b/1682/CH8/EX8.6/Exa8_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6f979d002 --- /dev/null +++ b/1682/CH8/EX8.6/Exa8_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +//Exa 8.6
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Alternative 1: Reinforce the existing bridge
+disp("Alternative 1: Reinforce the existing bridge.");
+P=660000;//in Rs
+F=400000;//in Rs
+A=96000;//in Rs
+i=10;//in % per annum
+n=5;//in years
+//Formula : (A/P,i,n) : ((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)
+AE1=(P-F)*((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)+F*i/100+A;//in RS
+disp(AE1,"The annual equivalent cost(AE(10%)) of this alternative in RS. : ");
+
+//Alternative 2: Replace the existing bridge by a new prestressed concrete bridge
+disp("Alternative 2: Replace the existing bridge by a new prestressed concrete bridge.");
+P=150000;//in Rs
+X=420000;//in Rs
+i=10;//in % per annum
+n=40;//in years
+//Formula : (A/P,i,n) : ((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)
+AE2=(P-X)*((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)+F*i/100+A;//in RS
+disp(AE2,"The annual equivalent cost(AE(10%)) of this alternative in RS. : ");
+disp("Since, The equivalent cost of alternative 2 is less than that of alternative 1, it is suggested that alternative 2 should be selected.");
+//Note : calculations in the book is not accurate.
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1682/CH8/EX8.7/Exa8_7.sce b/1682/CH8/EX8.7/Exa8_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..953992001 --- /dev/null +++ b/1682/CH8/EX8.7/Exa8_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +//Exa 8.7
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Alternative 1: Augmenting the present 10 hp motor with an additional 5 hp motor
+disp("Alternative 1: Augmenting the present 10 hp motor with an additional 5 hp motor.");
+//Calculation of annual equivalent cost of 10 hp motor
+P=10000;//in Rs
+F=1500;//in Rs
+A=1600;//in Rs
+i=15;//in % per annum
+n=7;//in years
+//Formula : (A/P,i,n) : ((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)
+AE1=(P-F)*((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)+F*i/100+A;//in RS
+disp(AE1,"The annual equivalent cost(AE(10%)) of 10 hp motor in RS. : ");
+
+//Calculation of annual equivalent cost of 5 hp motor
+P=10000;//in Rs
+F=800;//in Rs
+A=1000;//in Rs
+i=15;//in % per annum
+n=7;//in years
+//Formula : (A/P,i,n) : ((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)
+AE2=(P-F)*((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)+F*i/100+A;//in RS
+disp(AE2,"The annual equivalent cost(AE(10%)) of 10 hp motor in RS. : ");
+disp(AE1+AE2,"Total annual equivalent cost of alternative in Rs. : ");
+
+
+//Alternative 2: Replacing the present 10 hp motor with a new 15 hp motor
+disp("Alternative 2: Replacing the present 10 hp motor with a new 15 hp motor.");
+P=35000;//in Rs
+F=4000;//in Rs
+A=500;//in Rs
+i=15;//in % per annum
+n=7;//in years
+//Formula : (A/P,i,n) : ((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)
+AE=(P-F)*((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)+F*i/100+A;//in RS
+disp(AE,"The annual equivalent cost of alternative 2 in RS. : ");
+disp("Since, The equivalent cost of alternative 1 is less than that of alternative 2, it is suggested that the present 10 hp motor be augmented with an additional 5 hp motor.");
+//Note : calculations in the book is not accurate.
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1682/CH8/EX8.8/Exa8_8.sce b/1682/CH8/EX8.8/Exa8_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..faaac9e8c --- /dev/null +++ b/1682/CH8/EX8.8/Exa8_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +//Exa 8.8
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Alternative 1: Old Machine :
+disp("Let the comparative use value of old machine be X.")
+F=1000;//in Rs
+A=7500;//in Rs
+i=12;//in % per annum
+n=4;//in years
+//Formula : (A/P,i,n) : ((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)
+disp("AE(12%)=(X-F)*((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)+F*i/100+A;//in RS")
+
+//Alternative 2: New Machine :
+P=10000;//in Rs
+F=4000;//in Rs
+A=500;//in Rs
+i=15;//in % per annum
+n=4;//in years
+//Formula : (A/P,i,n) : ((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)
+AE=(P-F)*((i/100)*(1+i/100)^n)/(((1+i/100)^n)-1)+F*i/100+A;//in RS
+disp(AE,"The annual equivalent cost(AE(15%)) of n in RSew machine : ");
+disp("Now equating both annual equivalent cost we get the X.");
+disp("X = Rs. 7334.14");
+disp("The comparative use value of old machine is Rs. 7334.14, which is less than the price(Rs. 8000) offered by the company which is supplying the new machine in the event of replacing the old machine by nw machine. ");
+disp("Therefore, it is advisable to replace the old machine with the new one.");
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1682/CH8/EX8.9/Exa8_9.sce b/1682/CH8/EX8.9/Exa8_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..841aaef92 --- /dev/null +++ b/1682/CH8/EX8.9/Exa8_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +//Exa 8.9
+clc;
+clear;
+close;
+//Given data :
+p1=0.07;//unitless
+p2=0.11;//unitless
+p3=0.12;//unitless
+p4=0.18;//unitless
+p5=0.21;//unitless
+p6=0.20;//unitless
+p7=0.11;//unitless
+N0=100;//no. of transistors
+N1=N0*p1;//no. of transistors
+N2=N0*p2;//no. of transistors
+N3=N0*p3;//no. of transistors
+N4=N0*p4;//no. of transistors
+N5=N0*p5;//no. of transistors
+N6=N0*p6;//no. of transistors
+N7=N0*p7;//no. of transistors
+//Calculation of individual replacement cost
+Life=0;//in weeks
+p=[p1 p2 p3 p4 p5 p6 p7];//Unitless
+for i=1:7
+ Life=Life+i*p(i);
+end
+disp(Life,"Expected life of each transistor in weeks : ")
+disp(round(100/Life),"Average No. of failures/week : ");
+
+//Calculation of group replacement cost
+disp("Cost of transistor when replaced simultaneously = Rs. 3");
+disp("Cost of transistor when replaced individually = Rs. 9");
+disp("The cost of group replacement policy for seeral replacement periods are summarized in Table 8.6. This table can be seen from the book.");
+disp("From table it is clear that the avg cost/week is minimum for the 4th week. Hence, the group replacement period is 4 weeks.");
+disp("Individual replacement cost/week = Rs. 207");
+disp("Minimum group replacement ost/week = Rs. 196.50");
+disp("Since the min group replacement cost/week is less than the individual replacement cost/week, the group replacement policy is the best, and hence all the transistors should be replaced in 4 weeks.")
\ No newline at end of file |