26 files changed, 490 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.1/2_1.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.1/2_1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..38022bbd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.1/2_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//ques-2.1
+//Calculating gross and net calorific value
+clc
+C=85;//Pecentage of Carbon in coal
+H=8;//Pecentage of Hydrogen in coal
+S=1;//Pecentage of Sulphur in coal
+L=587;//Latent heat of steam
+O=0;//Nothing is given
+GCV=(8080*C+34500*(H-O/8)+2240*S)/100;//Gross calorific value
+NCV=GCV-(0.09*H*L);//Net calorific value
+printf("The gross and net calorific values are %.1f kcal/kg and %.1f kcal/kg reapectively.\n",GCV,NCV);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.10/2_10.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.10/2_10.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e7d1bb64f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.10/2_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//ques-2.10
+//Calculating percentage results of the analysis
+clc
+W=2.5;//Weight of sample (in g)
+w1=2.415;//Mass of residue after step-1 (in g)
+w2=1.528;//Mass of residue after step-2 (in g)
+w3=0.245;//Mass of ash (in g)
+m1=W-w1;//Mass of moisture in coal sample (in g)
+m2=w1-w2;//Mass of volatile matter (in g)
+p1=(m1/W)*100;//Percentage of moisture
+p2=(m2/W)*100;////Percentage of volatile matter
+p3=(w3/W)*100;//Percentage of ash
+C=100-(p1+p2+p3);//Percentage of fixed carbon
+printf("The percentage of moisture, volatile matter, ash and fixed carbon are %.1f, %.2f, %.1f and %.2f respectively.\n",p1,p2,p3,C);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.11/2_11.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.11/2_11.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1a0f2d8c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.11/2_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//ques-2.11
+//Calculating weight and volume of air required for combustion of Carbon
+clc
+m=3;//Mass of carbon used for combustion (in kg)
+W=m*(100/23)*(32/12);//Weight of air used (in kg)
+V=W*(22.4/28.94);//Volume of air used (in L)
+printf("The weight and volume of air required for combustion is %.3f kg and %.2f kL respectively.\n",W,V);
+
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.12/2_12.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.12/2_12.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bea9f576b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.12/2_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//ques-2.12
+//Finding volume of air required for combustion of a gas
+clc
+V=1;//Volume of gas (in kL)
+H=45;//Percentage of Hydrogen in gas
+N=4;//Percentage of Nitrogen in gas
+M=36;//Percentage of Methane in gas
+C=15;//Percentage of Carbo monoxide in gas
+v1=(H/100)*0.5;//Volume of Oxygen required for hydrogen (in kL)
+v2=(M/100)*2;//Volume of Oxygen required for methane (in kL)
+v3=(C/100)*0.5;//Volume of Oxygen required for carbon monoxide (in kL)
+V=(v1+v2+v3)*(100/21);//Volume of air required (in kL)
+printf("The volume of air required for combustion of gas is %.3f kL.\n",V);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.13/2_13.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.13/2_13.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d090fe842
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.13/2_13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//ques-2.13
+//Calculate mass of air needed for combustion of 5kg of coal
+clc
+m=5;//Mass of coal (in kg)
+H=15;//Percentage of Hydrogen
+C=80;//Percentage of Carbon
+O=100-(C+H);//Percentage of Oxygen
+m1=(H/100)*m;//Mass of hydrogen in coal
+m2=(O/100)*m;//Mass of oxygen in coal
+W=(5*(32/12)+m1*(16/2)-m2)*(100/23);//Amount of air
+printf("The amount of air required is %.2f kg.\n",W);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.14/2_14.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.14/2_14.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9c5130892
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.14/2_14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//ques-2.14
+//Calculating amount of minimum air required for combustion
+clc
+C=80;//Percentage of Carbon in coal
+H=5;//Percentage of Hydrogen in coal
+O=1;//Percentage of Oxygen in coal
+m=1;//Mass of coal taken(in kg)
+m1=(C/100)*m;//Mass of carbon in coal (in kg)
+m2=(H/100)*m;//Mass of hydrogen in coal (in kg)
+m3=(O/100)*m;//Mass of oxygen in coal (in kg)
+W=(m1*(32/12)+m2*(16/2)-m3)*(100/23);//Mass of air (in kg)
+printf("The amount of air required for combustion of coal sample is %.3f kg.",W);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.15/2_15.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.15/2_15.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..efcad3bb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.15/2_15.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//ques-2.15
+//Calculating volume of air supplied for fuel
+clc
+M=5;//Percentage of Methane in gaseous fuel
+H=20;//Percentage of Hydrogen in gaseous fuel
+CM=25;//Percentage of Carbon Monoxide in gaseous fuel
+CD=6;//Percentage of Carbon dioxide in gaseous fuel
+N=100-(M+H+CM+CD);//Percentage of Nitrogen in gaseous fuel
+e=20;//Percentage of excess air supplied
+v1=(M/100)*2;//Volume of oxygen required for methane (in kL)
+v2=(H/100)*0.5;//Volume of oxygen required for hydrogen (in kL)
+v3=(CM/100)*0.5;//Volume of oxygen required for carbon monoxide (in kL)
+v4=CD/100;//Volume of oxygen required for carbon dioxide (in kL)
+v5=N/100;//Volume of oxygen required for nitrogen (in kL)
+V=(v1+v2+v3)*(100/21);//Volume of air for gaseous fuel (in kL)
+V=V*(1+e/100);//Volume of air for gaseous fuel using excess (in kL)
+v6=M/100+CM/100+v4;//Final volume of carbon dioxide as dry product (in kL)
+v7=(e/100)*(v1+v2+v3);//Final volume of oxygen as dry product (in kL)
+v8=v5+V*(77/100);//Final volume of nitrogen as dry product (in kL)
+V_T=v6+v7+v8;//Total volume (in kL)
+P_C=(v6/V_T)*100;//Percentage of carbon dioxide as dry product
+P_O=(v7/V_T)*100;//Percentage of oxygen as dry product
+P_N=(v8/V_T)*100;//Percentage of nitrogen as dry product
+printf("The volume of air required for gaseous fuel is %.3f kL.\n",V);
+printf(" Percentage of carbon dioxide, oxygen and nitrogen as dry product are %.3f, %.3f and %.2f respectively.",P_C,P_O,P_N);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.16/2_16.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.16/2_16.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9c81d064d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.16/2_16.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//ques-2.16
+//Calculating percentage of dry product obtained
+clc
+H=0.194;//Volume of hydrogen (in kL)
+CM=0.205;//Volume of carbon monoxide (in kL)
+N=0.501;//Volume of nitrogen (in kL)
+M=0.042;//Volume of methane (in kL)
+CD=0.06;//Volume of carbon dioxide (in kL)
+e=30;//Percentage of excess air supplied
+V=(H*0.5+CM*0.5+M*2)*(100/21)*(1+e/100);//Volume of air (with excess) required for combustion
+v1=CD+CM+M;//Final volume of carbon dioxide (in kL)
+v2=N+V*(79/100);//Final volume of nitrogen (in kL)
+v3=V*(21/100);//Final volume of oxygen (in kL)
+V_T=v1+v2+v3;//Total volume of dry products
+c=(v1/V_T)*100;//Percentage of carbon dioxide
+n=(v2/V_T)*100;//Percentage of nitrogen
+o=(v3/V_T)*100;//Percentage of oxygen
+printf("The percentages of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen as dry products are %.2f, %.2f and %.2f respectively.",c,n,o);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.17/2_17.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.17/2_17.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..23896674b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.17/2_17.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//ques-2.17
+//Calculating quantities of dry products of combustion
+clc
+C=662;//Mass of carbon in 1kg of coal sample (in g)
+H=42;//Mass of hydrogen in 1kg of coal sample (in g)
+O=61;//Mass of oxygen in 1kg of coal sample (in g)
+N=14;//Mass of nitrogen in 1kg of coal sample (in g)
+S=29;//Mass of sulphur in 1kg of coal sample (in g)
+moist=97;//Mass of moisture in 1kg of coal sample (in g)
+ash=95;//Mass of ash in 1kg of coal sample (in g)
+e=25;//Percentageof excess air used
+min_O=C*(32/12)+H*(16/2)+S-O;//Minimum weight of oxygen required (in g)
+min_air=min_O*(100/23);//Minimum weight of air required for complete combustion (in g)
+m_C=C*(44/12);//Weight of carbon dioxide (with excess air) (in g)
+m_S=S*(64/32);//Weight of sulphur dioxide (with excess air) (in g)
+m_N=N+min_air*(1+e/100)*(77/100);//Weight of nitrogen (with excess air) (in g)
+m_O=min_O*(e/100);//Weight of excess oxygen (in g)
+Total=m_C+m_S+m_N+m_O;//Total weight of dry products (in g)
+printf("The total weight of dry products is %.3f kg.",Total/1000);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.18/2_18.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.18/2_18.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c87974163
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.18/2_18.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//ques-2.18
+//Calculating weight of air and oxygen and weight of air when excess air is supplied and GCV and NCV
+clc
+C=750;//Weight of carbon in coal (in g)
+H=52;//Weight of hydrogen in coal (in g)
+O=121;//Weight of oxygen in coal (in g)
+N=32;//Weight of nitrogen in coal (in g)
+e=40;//Percentage of excess air supplied
+
+//Part (i)
+min_O=C*(32/12)+H*(16/2)-O;//Minimum weight of oxygen required (in g)
+min_air=min_O*(100/23);//Minimum weight of air required for complete combustion (in g)
+printf("The minimum amount of air and oxygen required are %.3f kg and %.3f kg respectively.\n\n",min_air/1000,min_O/1000);
+
+//Part (ii)
+W=min_air*(1+e/100);//Weight of air with excess air supplied (in g)
+printf(" The weight of air when excess air is supplied is %.3f kg.\n\n",W);
+
+//Part(iii)
+GCV=(8080*C+34500*(H-O/8))/1000;//Gross calorific value (in kcal/kg)
+NCV=GCV-0.09*(H/10)*587;//Net calorific value (in kcal/kg)
+printf(" The gross and net calorific values are %d kcal/kg and %d kcal/kg respectively.",GCV,NCV);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.19/2_19.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.19/2_19.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fe429a48c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.19/2_19.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+//ques-2.19
+//Calculating amount of air for combustion and amount of dry products in fuel gas
+clc
+C=90;//Percentage of carbon in fuel
+H=6;//Percentage of hydrogen in fuel
+S=2.5;//Percentage of sulphur in fuel
+O=1;//Percentage of oxygen in fuel
+ash=0.5;//Percentage of ash in fuel
+M=1;//Mass of fuel given (in kg)
+e=25;//Percentage of excess air used
+
+//Part (i)
+m1=(C/100)*M*1000;//mass of carbon in fuel (in g)
+m2=(H/100)*M*1000;//mass of hydrogen in fuel (in g)
+m3=(2.5/100)*M*1000;//mass of sulphur in fuel (in g)
+m4=(O/100)*M*1000;//mass of oxygen in fuel (in g)
+m5=(ash/100)*M*1000;//mass of ash in fuel (in g)
+W=(m1*(32/12)+m2*(16/2)+m3*(32/32)-m4)*(100/23);//Weight of air for complete combustion (in g)
+printf("The amount of air required for complete combustion of 1kg of fuel is %.3f kg.\n",W/1000);
+
+//Part (ii)
+//When excess air is being used
+w1=m1*(44/12);//weight of carbon dioxide (in g)
+w2=m2*(64/32);//weight of sulphur dioxide (in g)
+w3=W*(77/100)*(1+e/100);//weight of nitrogen (in g)
+w4=m4+W*(23/100)*(1+e/100);//weight of oxygen (in g)
+total=w1+w2+w3+w4;//total weight of dry products (in g)
+p1=(w1/total)*100;//Percentage of carbon dioxide
+p2=(w2/total)*100;//Percentage of sulphur dioxide
+p3=(w3/total)*100;//Percentage of nitrogen
+p4=(w4/total)*100;//Percentage of oxygen
+printf(" The percentages of carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen and oxygen in dry products are %.2f, %.2f, %.2f and %.2f respectively.",p1,p2,p3,p4);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.2/2_2.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.2/2_2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bf8d1cba7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.2/2_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//ques-2.2
+//Calculating percentage of hydrogen and Higher calorific value
+clc
+C=90;//Percentage of Carbon in coal
+O=3;//Percentage of Oxygen in coal
+S=0.5;//Percentage of Sulphur in coal
+NCV=8490.5;//Net calorific value (in kcal/kg)
+//HCV=NCV+0.09*H*587;
+//HCV=(8080*C+34500*(H-O/8)+2240*S)/100;
+//Solving for H
+H=1335.7/292.2;//Percentage of hydrogen
+HCV=NCV+0.09*H*587;//Higher calorific value
+printf("The pecentage of Hydrogen is %.3f and Higher calorific value is %.1f kcal/kg.\n",H,HCV);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.20/2_20.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.20/2_20.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..74ea96e56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.20/2_20.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+//ques-2.20
+//Calculating theoretical quantity of air required and percentage of products of combustion and percentage of dry products when excess air is used and weight of dry gas on burning producer gas
+clc
+M=3.5;//Percentage of methane in producer gas
+CM=25;//Percentage of carbon monoxide in producer gas
+H=10;//Percentage of hydrogen in producer gas
+CD=10.8;//Percentage of carbon dioxide in producer gas
+N=50.7;//Percentage of nitrogen in producer gas
+v1=(M/100)*2;//volume of oxygen for methane (in kL)
+v2=(CM/100)*0.5;//volume of oxygen for carbon monoxide (in kL)
+v3=(H/100)*0.5;//volume of oxygen for hydrogen (in kL)
+V1=(M/100+CM/100)*1;//Volume of carbon dioxide as product (in kL)
+V2=(M/100)*2+(H/100)*1;//Volume of water as product (in kL)
+e=25;//Percentage of excess air used
+
+//Part (i)
+a=(v1+v2+v3)*(100/21);//theoretical amount of air
+printf("Theoretical quantity of air required is %.2f kL.\n",a);
+
+//Part (ii)
+V_CD=V1+CD/100;//Total volume of carbon dioxide (in kL)
+V_W=V2;//Total volume of water (in kL)
+V_N=a*(79/100)+N/100;//Total volume of nitrogen (in kL)
+V_T=V_CD+V_W+V_N;//Total volume (in kL)
+p1=(V_CD/V_T)*100;//Percentage of carbon dioxide
+p2=(V_W/V_T)*100;//Percentage of water
+p3=(V_N/V_T)*100;//Percentage of nitrogen
+printf(" The percentages of carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen in products of combustion are %.1f, %.2f and %.2f respectively.\n",p1,p2,p3);
+
+//Part (iii) (with excess air)
+V_N=a*(79/100)*(1+e/100)+N/100;//Total volume of nitrogen (in kL)
+V_O=(v1+v2+v3)*(25/100);//Total volume of oxygen (in kL)
+total=V_CD+V_N+V_O;//Total volume (in kL)
+p1=(V_CD/total)*100;//Percentage of carbon dioxide
+p2=(V_N/total)*100;//Percentage of nitrogen
+p3=(V_O/total)*100;//Percentage of oxygen
+printf(" The percentages of carbon dioxide, nitrogen and oxygen as dry products of combustion whenexcess air is used are %.1f, %.1f and %.2f respectively.\n",p1,p2,p3);
+
+//Part (iv)
+W=V_CD*1000*(44/22.4)+V_N*1000*(28/22.4)+V_O*1000*(32/22.4);//Weight of dry products (in g)
+printf(" The weight of dry products of combustion on burning producer gas is %.3f kg.",W/1000);
+
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.21/2_21.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.21/2_21.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c837eb1e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.21/2_21.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+//ques-2.21
+//Calculating GCV and NCV of coal and minimum theoretical air required for combustion and composition of dry products with excess air
+clc
+C=75;//Percentage of carbon in coal
+H=9;//Percentage of hydrogen in coal
+S=2;//Percentage of sulphur in coal
+O=4;//Percentage of oxygen in coal
+N=3;//Percentage of nitrogen in coal
+ash=7;//Percentage of ash in coal
+L=587;//Latent heat of steam (in kcal/kg)
+e=25;//Percentage of excess air used
+
+//Part (i)
+GCV=(8080*C+34500*(H-O/8)+2240*S)*(1/100);//Gross calorific value (in kcal/kg)
+NCV=GCV-0.09*H*L;//Net calorific value (in kcal/kg)
+printf("The Gross and net calorific values are %.1f kcal.kg and %.1f kcal/kg.\n",GCV,NCV);
+
+//Part (ii)
+min_W=((C/100)*(32/12)+(H/100)*(16/2)+(S/100)*(32/32)-O/100)*(100/23);//minimum weight of air required (in kg)
+min_V=min_W*(22.4/28.94);////minimum volume of air required (in kg)
+printf(" Minimum weight and volume of air required for combustion are %.3f kg and %.3f kL.\n",min_W,min_V);
+
+//Part (iii) (with excess air)
+m1=(C/100)*1000*(44/12);//weight of carbon dioxide as dry product (in g)
+m2=min_W*1000*(77/100)*(1+e/100)+(N/100)*1000;//weight of nitrogen as dry product (in g)
+m3=min_W*1000*(23/100)*(e/100);//weight of oxygen as dry product (in g)
+total=m1+m2+m3;//total weight (in g)
+p1=(m1/total)*100;//percentage of carbon dioxide
+p2=(m2/total)*100;//percentage of nitrogen
+p3=(m3/total)*100;//percentage of oxygen
+printf(" The percentages of carbon dioxide, nitrogen and oxygen as dry product are %.2f, %.2f and %.2f respectively.",p1,p2,p3);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.22/2_22.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.22/2_22.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..58bf4d58d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.22/2_22.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+//ques-2.22
+//Calculating weight of air theoretically required and weight of dry flue gas per kg of fuel and weight of air actually used
+clc
+C=624;//weight of carbon in coal (in g)
+H=41;//weight of hydrogen in coal (in g)
+O=69;//weight of oxygen in coal (in g)
+N=12;//weight of nitrogen in coal (in g)
+S=8;//weight of sulphur in coal (in g)
+moisture=151;//weight of moisture in coal (in g)
+ash=97;//weight of ash in coal (in g)
+w1=129;//weight of carbon dioxide in dry fuel gas (in g)
+w2=2;//weight of carbon monoxide in dry fuel gas (in g)
+w3=61;//weight of oxygen in dry fuel gas (in g)
+w4=808;//weight of nitrogen in dry fuel gas (in g)
+
+//Part (i)
+W=(C*(32/12)+H*(16/2)+S*(32/32)-O)*(100/23);//theoretical amount of air (in g)
+printf("Theoretical weight of air required for combustion of 1kg coal is %.3f kg.\n",W/1000);
+
+//Part (ii)
+m1=w2*(16/28);//weight of oxygen to convert CO to CO2 (in g)
+m2=w3-m1;//excess weight of oxygen/kg of flue gas (in g)
+m3=w1*(12/44)+w2*(12/28);//weight of C/kg of flue gas (in g)
+W_F=C/m3;//weight of flue gas/kg of coal burnt (in g)
+printf(" The weight of flue gas per kg of coal burnt is %.3f kg.\n",W_F);
+
+//Part (iii)
+W_O=W_F*(m2/1000);//weight of excess oxygen in flue gas (in kg)
+e=W_O*(100/23);//excess air/kg coal burnt (in kg)
+W_A=W/1000+e;//weight of actual air (in kg)
+printf(" The weight of air actually used is %.3f kg.",W_A);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.23/2_23.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.23/2_23.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6c7dd66bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.23/2_23.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+//ques-2.23
+//Calculating percentage of excess air used for combustion of coal
+clc
+C=540;//weight of carbon in coal (in g)
+H=65;//weight of hydrogen in coal (in g)
+S=32;//weight of sulphur in coal (in g)
+O=60;//weight of oxygen in coal (in g)
+N=18;//weight of nitrogen in coal (in g)
+moisture=173;//weight of moisture in coal (in g)
+M=20;//total weight of dry products/kg of coal burnt (in kg)
+m1=C*(32/12);//weight of oxygen for carbon (in g)
+m2=H*(16/2);//weight of oxygen for hydrogen (in g)
+m3=S*(32/32);//weight of oxygen for sulphur (in g)
+total=m1+m2+m3;//total weight of oxygen required (in g)
+net=total-O;//net oxygen required (in g)
+W1=net*(100/23);//corresponding weight of air (in g)
+w1=C*(44/12);//weight of carbon dioxide in dry flue gas (in g)
+w2=S*(64/32);//weight of sulphur dioxide in dry flue gas (in g)
+w3=N;//weight of nitrogen in dry flue gas (in g)
+W2=w1+w2+w3;//total weight of dry flue gas (in g)
+T=W1*(77/100)+W2;//total weight of dry products (in g)
+W3=M-T/1000;//weight of excess air (in kg)
+P=(W3/W1)*100*1000;//percentage of excess air
+printf("The percentage of excess air used is %.1f.",P);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.24/2_24.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.24/2_24.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..eb391ffe8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.24/2_24.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//ques-2.24
+//Finding percentage composition of dry products of combustion
+clc
+C=900;//weight of carbon in fuel (in g)
+H=6;//weight of hydrogen in fuel (in g)
+p=90;//Percentage of air used for combustion
+W_Th=(C*(32/12)+H*(16/2))*(100/23);//theoretical weight of air used (in g)
+W=W_Th*(p/100);//actual weight of air (in g)
+x1=(W_Th-W)/5.797;//weight of C oxidised to CO (in g)
+x2=C-x1;//weight of C oxidised to CO2 (in g)
+w1=x1*(28/12);//weight of CO (in g)
+w2=x2*(44/12);//weight of CO2 (in g)
+w3=W*(77/100);//weight of N2 (in g)
+T=w1+w2+w3;//total weight (in g)
+p1=(w1/T)*100;//percentage of CO in dry products
+p2=(w2/T)*100;//percentage of CO2 in dry products
+p3=(w3/T)*100;//percentage of N2 in dry products
+printf("The percentages of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen in dry product are %.2f, %.2f and %.2f respectively.",p1,p2,p3);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.25/2_25.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.25/2_25.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5acecf3ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.25/2_25.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+//ques-2.25
+//Calculating minimum air for combustion of 1kg petrol and actual air supplied per kg of petrol and calorific values of petrol sample
+clc
+C=840;//weight of carbon in petrol sample (in g)
+H=160;//weight of hydrogen in petrol sample (in g)
+v1=0.121;//volume of CO2 in flue gas (in m^3)
+v2=0.011;//volume of CO in flue gas (in m^3)
+v3=0.013;//volume of O2 in flue gas (in m^3)
+v4=0.855;//volume of N2 in flue gas (in m^3)
+
+//Part (i)
+w1=C*(32/12);//weight of oxygen for C (in g)
+w2=H*(16/2);//weight of oxygen for H (in g)
+m1=C*(44/12);//weight of CO2 as dry product (in g)
+t=w1+w2;//total oxygen required (in g)
+min_air=t*(100/23);//minimum weight of air (in g)
+printf("The minimum weight of air required for complete combustion of 1kg petrol is %.3f kg.\n",min_air/1000);
+
+//Part (ii)
+a1=v1*44;//VxM for CO2 in flue gas
+a2=v2*28;//VxM for CO in flue gas
+a3=v3*32;//VxM for O2 in flue gas
+a4=v4*28;//VxM for N2 in flue gas
+T=a1+a2+a3+a4;//total
+f1=a1/T;//Mass/kg of CO2
+f2=a2/T;//Mass/kg of CO
+f3=a3/T;//Mass/kg of O2
+f4=a4/T;//Mass/kg of N2
+M_O=a3-a2*(16/28);//mass of excess O2/kg of flue gas (in kg)
+M_C=a1*(12/44)-a2*(12/28);//mass of C/kg of flue gas (in kg)
+M_F=(C/1000)/M_C;//mass of flue gas/kg of petrol (in kg)
+E_O=M_O*M_F;//excess O2/kg of petrol burnt (in kg)
+E_air=E_O*(100/23);//excess air/kg of petrol burnt (in kg)
+actual=(min_air/1000)+E_air;//actual air used (in kg)
+printf(" Actual amount of air required is %.3f kg.\n",actual);
+
+//Part (iii)
+HCV=(8080*(C/10)+34500*(H/10))/100;//HCV of fuel (in kcal/kg)
+printf(" Higher calorific value of fuel is %d kcal/kg.",HCV);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.26/2_26.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.26/2_26.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5f736f2d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.26/2_26.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+//ques-2.26
+//Calculating minimum weight of air required for combustion of 1kg fuel and composition of dry product of combustion by volume if excess air is used
+clc
+C=900;//weight of C in fuel (in g)
+H=35;//weight of H in fuel (in g)
+O=30;//weight of O in fuel (in g)
+N=10;//weight of N n fuel (in g)
+S=5;//weight of S in fuel (in g)
+e=50;//Percentage of excess air being used
+
+//Part (i)
+min_O=(C*(32/12)+H*(16/2)+S*(64/32)-O)*(100/23);//minimum weight of air/kg of fuel (in g)
+printf("The minimum weight of air required for combustion of 1kg fuel is %.3f kg.\n",min_O/1000);
+
+//Part (ii)
+w1=C*(44/12);//weight of CO2 as dry product (in g)
+w2=S*(64/32);//weight of SO2 as dry product (in g)
+w3=N+min_O*(77/100)*(1+e/100);//weight of N2 as dry product (in g)
+w4=min_O*(50/100);//weight of O2 as dry product (in g)
+v1=w1/44;//volume of CO2 as dry product
+v2=w2/64;//volume of CO2 as dry product
+v3=w3/28;//volume of CO2 as dry product
+v4=w4/32;//volume of CO2 as dry product
+T=v1+v2+v3+v4;//total
+p1=(v1/T)*100;//percentage of CO2
+p2=(v2/T)*100;//percentage of SO2
+p3=(v3/T)*100;//percentage of N2
+p4=(v4/T)*100;//percentage of O2
+printf(" The percentages of carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen and oxygen in dry products (by volume) are %.3f, %.3f, %.3f and %.3f respectively.",p1,p2,p3,p4);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.3/2_3.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.3/2_3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dcd5cfaff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.3/2_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//ques-2.3
+//Calculating HCV of fuel
+clc
+x=0.72;//Weight of fuel (in g)
+C=80;//Percentage of Carbon
+t1=27.3;//Initial temperature
+t2=29.1//Final temperature
+W=250;//Water of water in calorimeter (in g)
+w=150;//Water equivalent (in g)
+HCV=((W+w)*(t2-t1))/x;//HCV of fuel (in kcal/kg)
+HCV=HCV*4.2;//HCV of fuel (in kJ/kg)
+printf("The HCV of the fuel is %d kJ/kg.\n",HCV);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.4/2_4.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.4/2_4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b3b60d68c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.4/2_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//ques-2.4
+//Calculating Gross and net calorific value
+clc
+x=0.83//Mass of fuel (in g)
+W=3500;//Weight of water (in g)
+w=385;//Water equivalent of calorimter (in g)
+t1=26.5;//Initial temperature
+t2=29.2;//Final temperature
+L=587;//Latent heat of steam (in cal/g)
+H=0.7;//Percentage of Hydrogen
+GCV=((W+w)*(t2-t1))/x;//Gross calorific value
+NCV=GCV-0.09*H*L;//Net calorific value
+printf("Gross calorific value is %.1f cal/g and Net calorific value is %.1f cal/g.\n",GCV,NCV);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.5/2_5.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.5/2_5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..756fe491c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.5/2_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+//ques-2.5
+//Calculating calorific value of coal sample
+clc
+m=0.6;//Mass of coal sample
+S=4.187;//Specific heat of water (in kJ/kg)
+t=6.52;//Rise in temperature
+w=2200;//Water equivalent (in g)
+heat=(w*S*t)/1000;//Heat liberated by burning coal (in kJ)
+CV=heat/m;//Calorific value (in kJ/g)
+printf("The calorific value of coal sample is %.1f kJ/g.\n",CV);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.6/2_6.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.6/2_6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a7897c686
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.6/2_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//ques-2.6
+//Calculating Gross and net calorific value of coal
+clc
+x=0.92;//Weight of coal sample (in g)
+W=550;//Weight of water (in g)
+w=2200;//Water equivalent (in g)
+t=2.42;//Rise in temperature
+a=50;//Acid corrections
+f=10;//Fuse wire corrections
+H=6;//Percentage of Hydrogen
+L=580;//Latent heat of steam (in cal/g)
+GCV=((W+w)*t-(a+f))/x;//Gross calorific value
+NCV=GCV-0.09*H*L;//Net calorific value
+printf("Gross calorific value is %.1f cal/g and Net calorific value is %.1f cal/g respectively.\n",GCV,NCV);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.7/2_7.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.7/2_7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0e37b012e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.7/2_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//ques-2.7
+//Calculating Higher and Lower calorific value
+clc
+V=0.1;//Volume of gas used (in kL)
+W=25;//Weight of water heated (in kg)
+t1=20;//Inlet temperature
+t2=33;//Outlet temperature
+m=0.025;//Weight of steam condensed (in kg)
+L=580;//Latent heat of condensation (in kcal/kg)
+HCV=(W*(t2-t1))/V;//Higher calorific value
+LCV=HCV-(m/V)*L;//Lower calorific value
+printf("Higher calorific value is %d kcal/kL and Lower calorific value is %d kcal/kL.\n",HCV,LCV);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.8/2_8.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.8/2_8.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..67edfacb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.8/2_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//ques-2.8
+//Calculating percentage of Sulphur in coal sample
+clc
+M=32;//Molar mass of Sulphur (in g)
+W=0.5;//Weight of coal sample (in g)
+w=0.05;//Weight of precipitate formed (in g)
+p=(w*M*100)/(233*W);//Percentage of Sulphur
+printf("The percentage of Sulphur in coal sample is %.4f.\n",p);
diff --git a/1427/CH2/EX2.9/2_9.sce b/1427/CH2/EX2.9/2_9.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1e57d5229
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1427/CH2/EX2.9/2_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+//ques-2.9
+//Determining percentage of Nitrogen in given coal sample
+clc
+w=1;//Weight of coal sample taken (in g)
+v1=25;//Volume of sulphuric acid used (in mL)
+n=1/10;//Normality of sulphuric acid
+v2=15;//Volume of Sodium hydroxide used (in mL)
+N=((v1-v2)*n*1.4)/w;//Percentage of coal sample
+printf("The percentage of Ntrogen in coal sample is %.1f \n",N);