diff options
Diffstat (limited to '1379')
84 files changed, 2587 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/1379/CH1/EX1.1.1/example1_1.sce b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.1/example1_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6f54b6da8 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.1/example1_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +
+
+//exapple 1.1
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+//part1
+mu=6.3/100;//viscosity
+rho=1170;//density
+d=.3;//diameter of pipe
+b=0.142;//conversion factor
+pi=3.14;
+//calculation
+Q=150000*b/24/3600//flow rate
+u=Q/pi/d^2*4//flow speed
+Re=rho*u*d/mu
+if Re>4000 then
+ disp(Re,"the system is in turbulent motion as reynolds no is greater than 4000:");
+elseif Re<2100 then
+ disp(Re,"the system is in laminar motion" );
+else
+ disp(Re, "the system is in transition motion");
+end
+//part 2
+mu=5.29/1000;
+d=0.06;
+G=0.32;//mass flow rate
+Re= 4*G/pi/d/mu;
+if Re>4000 then
+ disp(Re,"the system is in turbulent motion as reynolds no is greater than 4000:");
+elseif Re<2100 then
+ disp(Re,"the system is in laminar motion as Re is less than 2100" );
+else
+ disp(Re, "the system is in transition motion");
+end
diff --git a/1379/CH1/EX1.1.10/example1_10.sce b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.10/example1_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b9bc2f981 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.10/example1_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +
+
+//exapple 1.10
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=1000;
+mu=1.42/1000;
+g=9.81;
+pi=3.14;
+l=485;
+h=4.5
+e=8.2/100000;
+Q=1500*4.545/1000/3600;
+disp("assume d as 6cm");
+d=0.06;
+u=4*Q/pi/d^2;
+Re=rho*d*u/mu;
+rr=e/d;//relative roughness
+//using moody's chart
+phi=0.0033//friction coeff.
+d=(64*phi*l*Q^2/pi^2/g/h)^0.2;
+disp(d*100, "The calculated d after (1st iteration which is close to what we assume so we do not do any more iteration) in(cm) ")
diff --git a/1379/CH1/EX1.1.2/example1_2.sce b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.2/example1_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..92931415a --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.2/example1_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +
+
+//exapple 1.2
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+G=21.2;//mass flow rate
+rho=1120;//density
+d=0.075;//diameter
+l=50;
+g=9.81;
+pi=3.14;
+delz=24/100;//head difference
+//calculation
+delP=delz*rho*g;//differece of pressure
+u=4*G/pi/d^2/rho;
+phi=delP/rho*d/l/u^2/4*50;
+disp(phi,"The Stanton-Pannel friction factor per unit of length:");
+R=phi*rho*u^2;
+disp(R , "shear stress exerted by liquid on the pipe wall in (N/m^2):");
+F=pi*d*l*R;
+disp(F , "Total shear force exerted on the pipe in (N):");
+Re=(.0396/phi)^4;//reynold's no.
+mu=rho*u*d/Re;
+disp(mu , "viscosity of liquid in (kg/m/s):")
+
diff --git a/1379/CH1/EX1.1.3/example1_3.sce b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.3/example1_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..92f78bbea --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.3/example1_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +
+
+//exapple 1.3
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+pi=3.14;
+g=9.81;
+d=0.00125;
+Re=2100;
+l=0.035;
+rhoc=779;//density of cyclohexane
+rhow=999;//density of water
+muc=1.02/1000;//viscosity of cyclo hexane
+//calculation
+u=Re*muc/rhoc/d;//speed
+Q=pi*d^2*u/4;//volumetric flow rate
+delP=32*muc*u*l/d^2;//pressure difference
+delz=delP/(rhow-rhoc)/g;
+disp(delz*100 , "the difference between the rise levels of manometer in (cm):")
+
diff --git a/1379/CH1/EX1.1.4/example1_4.sce b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.4/example1_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c35ee6398 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.4/example1_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +
+
+//exapple 1.4
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+d=0.05;
+l=12;
+per=100-2;
+pi=3.1428
+//calculation
+s=sqrt(per/100/4*d^2);//radius of core of pure material
+V=pi*d^2/4*l/(2*(1-(2*s)^2/d^2));
+disp(V, "The volume of pure material so that 2% technical material appears at the end in (m^3):")
diff --git a/1379/CH1/EX1.1.5/example1_5.sce b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.5/example1_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c52292451 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.5/example1_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +
+
+//exapple 1.5
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+//part 1
+a=1/2*(1-1/sqrt(2));
+disp(a*100, "The percent value of d for which where pitot tube is kept show average velocity in streamline flow in (%):");
+//part 2
+a=(49/60)^7/2;
+disp(a*100, "The percent value of d for which where pitot tube is kept show average velocity in turbulent flow in (%):");
+//part 3
+//on equating coefficient of r
+y=a*2;//y=a/100*2*r
+s=1-y;//s=r-y
+//on equating coeff. of 1/4/mu*del(P)/del(l)
+E=(1-s^2-.5)/.5;
+disp(E , "The erreor shown by pitot tube at new position if value of streamlined flow flow was to be obtained in (%) :");
+disp("The - sign indicates that it will display reduced velocity than what actually is");
+
diff --git a/1379/CH1/EX1.1.6/example1_6.sci b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.6/example1_6.sci new file mode 100755 index 000000000..56b81cade --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.6/example1_6.sci @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +
+
+//exapple 1.6
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rhon=1068;//density of nitric acid
+mun=1.06/1000//viscosity of nitric acid
+g=9.81;
+l=278;
+d=0.032;
+alpha=1;
+h2=57.4;//height to be raised
+h1=5;//height from which to be raised
+e=.0035/1000;//roughness
+G=2.35//mass flow rate
+//calculations
+//part 1
+u=4*G/rhon/pi/d^2;
+Re=rhon*d*u/mun;
+rr=e/d;//relative roughness
+//Reading's from Moody's Chart
+phi=.00225;//friction coeff.
+W=u^2/2+g*(h2-h1)+4*phi*l*u^2/d;//The work done/kg of fluid flow in J/kg
+V=abs(W)*G;
+disp(abs(V)/1000, "The Power required to pump acid in kW :");
+//part 2
+P2=-u^2*rhon/2+g*(h1)*rhon+abs(W+2)*rhon;;
+disp(P2/1000,"The gauge pressure at pump outlet when piping is new in (kPa)" );
+//part 3
+e=.05/1000;
+Re=rhon*d*u/mun;
+rr=e/d;
+//Reading's from Moody's Chart
+phi=0.0029;
+W=u^2/2+g*(h2-h1)+4*phi*l*u^2/d;
+Vnew=abs(W)*G;
+Pi=(Vnew-V)/V*100;
+disp(Pi , "The increase in power required to transfer in old pipe in (%):");
+//part 4
+P2=-u^2*rhon/2+g*(h1)*rhon+abs(W+2)*rhon;
+disp(P2/1000,"The gauge pressure at pump outlet when piping is old in (kPa)" );
diff --git a/1379/CH1/EX1.1.7/example1_7.sce b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.7/example1_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6410ca1cb --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.7/example1_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +
+
+//exapple 1.7
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=990;
+mu=5.88/10000;
+g=9.81;
+pi=3.14;
+temp=46+273
+e=1.8/10000//absolute roughness
+Q=4800/1000/3600;
+l=155;
+h=10.5;
+d=0.038;
+delh=1.54//head loss at heat exchanger
+effi=0.6//efficiency
+//calculations
+//part 1
+u=Q*4/pi/d^2;
+Re=rho*d*u/mu;
+rr=e/d;//relative roughness
+//from moody's diagram
+phi=0.0038//friction factor
+alpha=1//constant
+leff=l+h+200*d+90*d;
+Phe=g*delh//pressure head lost at heat exchanger
+W=u^2/2/alpha+Phe+g*h+4*phi*leff*u^2/d;//work done by pump
+G=Q*rho;//mass flow rate
+P=W*G;//power required by pump
+Pd=P/effi//power required to drive pump
+disp(Pd/1000,"power required to drive pump in (kW)");
+//part 2
+P2=(-u^2/2/alpha+W)*rho;
+disp(P2/1000,"The gauge pressure in (kPa):")
+
+
diff --git a/1379/CH1/EX1.1.8/example1_8.sce b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.8/example1_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d9b42eb91 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.8/example1_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +
+
+//exapple 1.8
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=908;
+mu=3.9/100;
+g=9.81;
+pi=3.14;
+d=0.105;
+l=87;
+h=16.8;
+e=0.046/1000;//absolute roughness
+//calculations
+//part1
+P=-rho*g*h;//change in pressure
+a=-P*rho*d^3/4/l/mu^2//a=phi*Re^2
+//using graph given in book(appendix)
+Re=8000;
+u=mu*Re/rho/d;
+Q=u*pi*d^2/4;
+disp(Q,"Volumetric flow rate initial (m^3/s):");
+//part 2
+W=320;
+Pd=W*rho;//pressure drop by pump
+P=P-Pd;
+a=-P*rho*d^3/4/l/mu^2//a=phi*Re^2
+//using graph given in book(appendix)
+Re=15000;
+u=mu*Re/rho/d;
+Q=u*pi*d^2/4;
+disp(Q,"Volumetric flow rate final(part 2) (m^3/s):");
+
+
diff --git a/1379/CH1/EX1.1.9/example1_9.sce b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.9/example1_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e83a4520a --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH1/EX1.1.9/example1_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +
+
+//exapple 1.9
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=1000;
+mu=1.25/1000;
+g=9.81;
+pi=3.14
+d1=0.28;//diameter of tank
+d2=0.0042;//diameter of pipe
+l=0.52;//length of pipe
+rr=1.2/1000/d;//relative roughness
+phid=0.00475;
+disp(phid,"It is derived from tyhe graph giben in appedix and can be seen is arying b/w 0.0047 & 0.0048 dependent on D which varies from 0.25 to 0.45")
+//calculations
+function[a]=intregrate()
+ s=0;
+ for i=1:1000
+ D=linspace(0.25,0.45,1000);
+ y=sqrt(((pi*d1^2/pi/d2^2)^2-1)/2/9.81+(4*phid*l*(pi*d1^2/pi/d2^2)^2)/d2/9.81)*((0.52+D(i))^-0.5)*2/10000;
+ s=s+y;
+
+ end
+ a=s;
+endfunction
+b=intregrate();
+disp(b,"Time required to water level to fall in the tank in (s):");
+
+
diff --git a/1379/CH10/EX10.1.1/example10_1.sce b/1379/CH10/EX10.1.1/example10_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3a3ff7d1e --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH10/EX10.1.1/example10_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +
+
+//example 10.1
+clc; funcprot(0);
+clf()
+//exapple 10.1
+// Initialization of Variable
+t=[0 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10];//time
+h=[1.10 1.03 .96 .82 .68 .54 .42 .35 .31 .28 .27 .27];
+Cl=[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0];
+m=0.05;
+V=1/1000;//volume
+//calculations
+Co=m/V;//concentration at t=0
+v(1)=(h(1)-h(2))/(t(2)-t(1));
+Cl(1)=Co;
+for i=2:11
+
+ v(i)=(h(i-1)-h(i+1))/(t(i+1)-t(i-1));//slope or settling velocity
+ Cl(i)=Co*h(1)/(h(i)+v(i)*t(i));
+
+
+end
+plot(t,h,'r--d');
+clf();
+plot(Cl,v,'r->');
+xtitle("Concentration vs Settling veocity" , "Concentration(kg/m^3)" , "Settling velocity (m/h)");
+
diff --git a/1379/CH10/EX10.1.2/example10_2.sce b/1379/CH10/EX10.1.2/example10_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..582813ef8 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH10/EX10.1.2/example10_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +
+
+//example 10.2
+clc; funcprot(0);
+clf()
+//exapple 10.2
+// Initialization of Variable
+t=[0 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10];//time
+h=[1.10 1.03 .96 .82 .68 .54 .42 .35 .31 .28 .27 .27];
+Cl=50:5:100;
+U=[19.53 17.71 16.20 14.92 13.82 12.87 12.04 11.31 10.65 9.55];//mass ratio of liquid to solid
+v=[0.139 0.115 0.098 0.083 0.071 0.062 0.055 0.049 0.043 0.034];//terminal velocity
+//above value taken from graph given with ques.
+C=130;//conc. of solids
+Q=0.06;//slurry rate
+Cmax=130//maximum solid conc.
+rhos=2300;//density of solid
+rho=998;//density of water
+V=rho*(1/C-1/rhos);
+F=Q*Cl(1)*3600;
+for i=1:10
+A(i)=F*(U(i)-V)/rho/v(i);
+end
+plot(v,A,'r-');
+xtitle("","Settling Velocity(m/h)", "Area(m^2)")
+//maxima finding using datatraveller in the graph
+disp(A,"the area for each settling velocity");
+disp("1005 m^2 is the maximum area found out from the plot");
+Qu=Q-F/3600/Cmax;
+disp(Qu, "Volumetric flow rate of clarified water in (m^3/s):")
+
diff --git a/1379/CH10/EX10.1.3/example10_3.sce b/1379/CH10/EX10.1.3/example10_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b0ebc539f --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH10/EX10.1.3/example10_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +
+
+//example 10.3
+clc; funcprot(0);
+//exapple 10.3
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho1=2600;//density lighter
+rho2=5100;//density heavier
+pd1=0.000015:0.000010:0.000095;//particle diameter lighter
+pd2=0.000025:0.00001:0.000095;//particle diameter heavier
+wp1=[0 22 35 47 59 68 75 81 100];//weight distribution lighter
+wp2=[0 21 33.5 48 57.5 67 75 100];//weight distribution heavier
+rho=998.6;//density water
+mu=1.03/1000;//viscosity water
+g=9.81;
+u=0.004;//velocity of water
+d=95/1000000;//paeticle diameter maximum
+//calculation
+//part 1
+Re=d*u*rho/mu;
+d1=sqrt(18*mu*u/g/(rho1-rho));
+d2=sqrt(18*mu*u/g/(rho2-rho));
+function[a]=inter(d,f,g,b);//interpolation linear
+ for i=1:b
+ if d<=f(i+1)& d>f(i) then
+ break
+ else
+ continue
+ end
+ break
+ end
+ a=(d-f(i))/(f(i+1)-f(i))*(g(i+1)-g(i))+g(i);
+endfunction
+[a]=inter(d1,pd1,wp1,9);
+[b]=inter(d2,pd2,wp2,8);
+v2=1/(1+5)*100-b/100*1/(1+5)*100;
+v1=5/(1+5)*100-a/100*5/(1+5)*100;
+pl2=(v2)/(v2+v1);
+disp(pl2, "The fraction of heavy ore remained in bottom");
+ //part 2
+ rho=1500;
+ mu=6.25/10000;
+ a=log10(2*d^3*rho*g*(rho1-rho)*3*mu^2);//log10(Re^2(R/rho/mu^2))
+ //using value from chart(graph)
+Re=10^0.2136;
+u=Re*mu/rho/d;
+d2=sqrt(18*mu*u/g/(rho1-rho));
+[b]=inter(d2,pd2,wp2,8);
+disp(100-b+3.5,"The percentage of heavy ore left in this case");
+//part 3
+a=0.75//% of heavy ore in overhead product
+s=100*5/6/(100*5/6+0.75*100/6);
+disp(s,"the fraction of light ore in overhead product:");
+//part 4
+da=pd2(1);
+db=pd1(9);
+rho=(da^2*rho2-db^2*rho1)/(-db^2+da^2);
+ disp(rho,"The minimum density required to seperate 2 ores in kg/m^3:")
diff --git a/1379/CH10/EX10.1.4/example10_4.sce b/1379/CH10/EX10.1.4/example10_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5cf847dbb --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH10/EX10.1.4/example10_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +
+
+//example 10.4
+clc; funcprot(0);
+//exapple 10.4
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=998;
+w0=40;//density of slurry
+mu=1.01/1000;
+g=9.81;
+rho1=2660;//density quartz
+h=0.25;
+t=18.5*60;
+mp=[5 11.8 20.2 24.2 28.5 37.6 61.8];
+d=[30.2 21.4 17.4 16.2 15.2 12.3 8.8]/1000000;
+u=h/t;
+d1=sqrt(18*mu*u/g/(rho1-rho));
+function[a]=inter(d,f,g,b);//interpolation linear
+ for i=1:b
+ if d>f(i+1)& d<=f(i) then
+ break
+ else
+ continue
+ end
+ break
+ end
+
+ a=-(d-f(i+1))/(f(i)-f(i+1))*(g(i+1)-g(i))+g(i+1);
+endfunction
+[a]=inter(d1,d,mp,6);
+phi=1-a/100;
+rhot=phi*(rho1-rho)/rho1*w0+rho;
+disp(rhot,"the density of suspension at depth 25cm in kg/m^3 is")
diff --git a/1379/CH10/EX10.1.5/example10_5.sce b/1379/CH10/EX10.1.5/example10_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9f1d2a896 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH10/EX10.1.5/example10_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +
+
+//example 10.5
+clc; funcprot(0);
+clf()
+//exapple 10.5
+// Initialization of Variable
+t=[0 45 135 495 1875 6900 66600 86400];//time
+m=[0.1911 0.1586 0.1388 0.1109 0.0805 0.0568 0.0372 0.0359];//mass total
+rho1=3100;//density of cement
+mu=1.2/1000;//viscosity of desperant liquid
+rho=790;//density of desperant liquid
+h=0.2;
+V=10;
+s=0;
+d(1)=100/1000000;//assumed value
+for i=1:7
+ d(i+1)=sqrt(18*mu*h/g/t(i+1)/(rho1-rho));//dia of particles
+ mc(i+1)=m(i+1)-0.2/100*V;//mass of cement
+ s=s+mc(i+1);
+end
+mc(1)=m(1)-0.2*V/100;
+s=s+mc(1);
+mp(1)=100;
+for i=1:7
+ mp(i+1)=mc(i+1)/mc(1)*100;//mass percent below size
+end
+plot(mp,d);
+xtitle("", "%undersize", "Particle Size(m)");
+u=h/t(2);
+Re=d(2)*u*rho/mu;
+if Re<2 then
+ disp("since Re<2 for 81% of particles so settlement occurs mainly by stoke-s law")
+end
diff --git a/1379/CH10/EX10.1.6/example10_6.sce b/1379/CH10/EX10.1.6/example10_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b9c228dca --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH10/EX10.1.6/example10_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +
+
+//example 10.6
+clc; funcprot(0);
+//exapple 10.6
+clf()
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=998;
+rho1=2398;//density of ore
+mu=1.01/1000;
+g=9.81;
+h=25/100;
+t=[114 150 185 276 338 396 456 582 714 960];
+m=[0.1429 0.2010 0.2500 0.3564 0.4208 0.4781 0.5354 0.6139 0.6563 0.7277];
+for i=1:10
+ms=0.0573+m(10);//total mass setteled
+d(i)=sqrt(18*mu*h/g/(rho1-rho)/t(i));
+P(i)=m(i)/ms*100;//mass percent of sample
+end
+plot(t,P);
+xtitle("","Settling time (s)","mass percent in (%)");
+disp(P,d,"& its percentage mass distribution respectively" ,"the particle size distribution in (m)" );
+for i=2:9
+ del(i)=(P(i+1)-P(i-1))/(t(i+1)-t(i-1));//slope
+ W(i)=P(i)-t(i)*del(i);
+ W(1)=P(1)-P(1);
+
+end
+W(10)=P(10)-t(10)*0.025;
+disp("mass% and diameter(m)respectively with serial no:")
+for i=4:10
+ disp(i-4);
+ disp("mass% is")
+ disp( "for diameter in(m) of",W(i));
+ disp(d(i));
+
+end
+
diff --git a/1379/CH10/EX10.1.7/example10_7.sce b/1379/CH10/EX10.1.7/example10_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1a0709af9 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH10/EX10.1.7/example10_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +
+
+//example 10.7
+clc; funcprot(0);
+//exapple 10.7
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=1002;//density of disperant
+rho1=2240;//density of kaolin
+mu=1.01/1000;//viscosity
+g=9.81;
+t=600;
+h2=0.2;
+h1=0.4;
+dg=15*10^-6;//particle size to be removed
+//calculations
+//part 1
+d=sqrt(18*mu*h2/g/(rho1-rho)/t);
+x=dg/d;
+f=h2/h1*(1-x^2);//fraction separated after first decanting
+g=f*(1-f);
+disp(g,"fraction of particles separated after second decanting");
+disp(f+g,"total fraction of particles separated after decanting")
+//part 2
+h=(1-20/40*(1-x^2))^6;
+disp(h,"fraction of particles separated after sixth decanting");
diff --git a/1379/CH11/EX11.1.1/example11_1.sce b/1379/CH11/EX11.1.1/example11_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..440dca88f --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH11/EX11.1.1/example11_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +
+
+//exapple 11.1
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+pi=3.1428;
+d=0.3/1000;
+mu=2.21/100000;
+rho=106.2;//density under operating condition
+u=2.1/100;
+rhos=2600;//density of particles
+l=3.25;
+g=9.81;
+dt=0.95//fluidising diameter
+//part 1
+//calculation
+a=u^2/d/g*d*rho*u/mu*(rhos-rho)/rho*l/dt;
+if a>100 then
+ disp(a,"Bubbling fluidisation will occur as value is ")
+end
+//part 2
+Q=2.04/100000;
+rhos=2510;
+rho=800;
+mu=2.85/1000;
+l=4.01;
+dt=0.63;
+d=0.1/1000;
+u=Q*4/pi/dt^2;
+a=u^2/d/g*d*rho*u/mu*(rhos-rho)/rho*l/dt;
+if a<100*10^-4 then//compare as value of a is much less than 100
+ disp(a,"fluidisation occur in smooth mode as value is:");
+end
+
diff --git a/1379/CH11/EX11.1.2/example11_2.sce b/1379/CH11/EX11.1.2/example11_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f168716fc --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH11/EX11.1.2/example11_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +
+
+//exapple 11.2
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+d=50/1000000;
+rhos=1850;//density of particle
+rho=880;//density of hydrocarbon
+mu=2.75/1000;//viscosity of hydrocarbon
+e=0.45;//void fraction coeff.
+g=9.81;
+h=1.37;//flow depth
+c=5.5/1000;//c=1/K
+//calculation
+//part 1
+u=c*e^3*d^2*g*(rhos-rho)/mu/(1-e);
+disp(u,"The superficial linear flow rate in (m/s):")
+//part 2
+u=d^2*g*(rhos-rho)/18/mu;
+disp(u,"Terminal Settling Velocity in (m/s):");
+Re=d*u*rho/mu;
+if Re<2 then
+ disp("Stoke law assumption is sustained with this velocity")
+end
+//part 3
+P=g*(rhos-rho)*h*(1-e);
+disp(P,"Pressure drop across fluidised bed in (N/m^2):");
diff --git a/1379/CH11/EX11.1.3/example11_3.sce b/1379/CH11/EX11.1.3/example11_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..eef571c23 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH11/EX11.1.3/example11_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +
+
+
+//exapple 11.3
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+g=9.81;
+rhos=1980;//density of ore
+rho=1.218;//density of air
+e=0.4;
+mu=1.73/10^5;
+s=0;
+wp=[0 .08 .20 .40 .60 .80 .90 1.00];//weight percent
+d=[0.4 0.5 0.56 0.62 0.68 0.76 0.84 0.94]/1000;
+//part 1
+for i=1:7
+ dav(i)=d(i+1)/2+d(i)/2;//average dia
+ mf(i)=wp(i+1)-wp(i);//mass fraction
+ a(i)=mf(i)/dav(i);
+ s=s+a(i);
+end
+db=1/s;//d bar
+//quadratic coeff. ax^2 +bx +c=0
+c=-(rhos-rho)*g;
+b=150*(1-e)/e^3/db^2*mu;
+a=1.75*rho/e^3/db;
+y=poly([c b a],'U','coeff');
+U=roots(y);
+disp(abs(U(2)), "the linear air flow rate in (m/s):");
+//part 2
+d=0.4/1000;
+a=2*d^3/3/mu^2*rho*(rhos-rho)*g;
+a=log10(a);
+disp(a,"log10(Re^2/rho/U^2*R)=");
+//using chart
+Re=10^1.853;
+u=Re*mu/rho/d;
+disp(u, "speed required for smallest particle in (m/s):")
diff --git a/1379/CH11/EX11.1.4/example11_4.sce b/1379/CH11/EX11.1.4/example11_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..faaac5c07 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH11/EX11.1.4/example11_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +
+
+//exapple 11.4
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+U=2.032/10^4;
+pi=3.1428;
+rho=852;
+g=9.81;
+mu=1.92/1000;
+mf=125/3600;//mass flow rate
+//calculation
+//part 1
+G=U*rho;
+A=mf/G;
+d=sqrt(4*A/pi);
+disp(d, "the diameter of vessel will be in(m):");
+//part 2
+A=0.201;
+e=0.43;
+ms=102;//mass of solids
+rhos=1500;//density of solid
+L=ms/rhos/A;
+Lmf=L/(1-e);
+disp(Lmf , "depth of bed in (m):")
+//part 3
+d1=0.2/1000;
+U=2*5.5/10^3*e^3*d1^2*(rhos-rho)*g/mu/(1-e);
+//now euating for e
+//a=e^3/(1-e)
+a=U/5.5*10^3/(d1^2*(rhos-rho)*g/mu);
+y=poly([-a a 0 1],'e',"coeff");
+e2=roots(y);
+L=Lmf*(1-e)/(1-e2(3));
+disp(L,"depth of fluidised bed under operating condition in (m):")
diff --git a/1379/CH11/EX11.1.5/example11_5.sce b/1379/CH11/EX11.1.5/example11_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6e29c9f17 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH11/EX11.1.5/example11_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +
+
+//exapple 11.5
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+g=9.81;
+pi=3.1428;
+r=0.51;
+e=0.48;//void ratio
+rhos=2280;//density of glass
+rho=1.204;//density of air
+U=0.015;//velocity of water entering bed
+L=7.32;
+gam=1.4;//gamma
+neta=0.7//efficiency
+P4=1.013*10^5;
+P1=P4;
+v1=1/1.204;//volume 1
+//calculation
+P3=P4+g*(rhos-rho)*(1-e)*L;
+P2=P3+0.1*85090;
+v2=(P1*v1^gam/P2)^(1/gam);//vlume 2
+W=1/neta*gam/(gam-1)*(P2*v2-P1*v1);//work done
+v3=P2*v2/P3;//volume 3
+M=U*pi*r^2/v3;//mass flow rate
+P=M*W;
+disp(P,"The power supplies to the blower in (W):");
diff --git a/1379/CH11/EX11.1.6/example11_6.sce b/1379/CH11/EX11.1.6/example11_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0f320919f --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH11/EX11.1.6/example11_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +
+
+//exapple 11.6
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+dt=12.7/1000;
+d=1.8/1000;
+Q=2.306/10^6;
+pi=3.1428;
+//calculation
+//part 1
+Sc=4/dt;
+S=6/d;
+f=(1+0.5*Sc/S)^2;
+U=Q*4/pi/dt^2;//velocity
+Ua=f*U;//actual velocity
+disp(Ua,"minimum fluidising velocity found using smaller glass column in (m/s):")
+//part 2
+dt=1.5;
+Sc=4/dt;
+f=(1+0.5*Sc/S)^2;
+Ua=f*U;//actual velocity
+disp(Ua,"fluidising velocity found using larger glass column in (m/s):")
diff --git a/1379/CH11/EX11.1.7/example11_7.sce b/1379/CH11/EX11.1.7/example11_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..356377e6e --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH11/EX11.1.7/example11_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +
+
+//exapple 11.7
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+e=0.4;//incipent to fluidisation
+//calculation
+//part 1
+disp("for Re<500");
+disp("the ratio of terminal velocity & minimmum fluidising velocity is");
+a=3.1*1.75/e^3;
+disp(sqrt(a));
+//part 2
+disp("for Re>500");
+disp("the ratio of terminal velocity & minimmum fluidising velocity is");
+a=150*(1-e)/18/e^3;
+disp(a);
diff --git a/1379/CH12/EX12.1.1/example12_1.sce b/1379/CH12/EX12.1.1/example12_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..dcb03c38a --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH12/EX12.1.1/example12_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +
+
+//example 12.1
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=1.22;
+pi=3.1428;
+rhos=518;
+rhoav=321;
+mu=1.73/10^5;
+g=9.81;
+d=0.65/1000;
+d2=25.5/100;//dia of duct
+ms=22.7/60;//mass flow rate
+//calculation
+e=(rhos-rhoav)/(rhos-rho);
+//coeff of quadratic eqn in U
+//a*x^2+b*x+c=0
+c=-(1-e)*(rhos-rho)*g;
+b=150*(1-e)^2*mu/d^2/e^3;
+a=1.75*(1-e)*rho/d/e^3;
+y=poly([c b a],'U','coeff');
+U=roots(y);
+Us=ms*4/pi/d2^2/rhos;//superficial speed
+Ua=e/e*(U(2)/e+Us/(1-e));
+disp(Ua,"the actual linear flow rate through duct in (m/s):")
diff --git a/1379/CH12/EX12.1.2/example12_2.sce b/1379/CH12/EX12.1.2/example12_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..aa0097a1c --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH12/EX12.1.2/example12_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +
+
+//example 12.2
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=1.22;//density of air
+pi=3.1428;
+rhos=910;//density of polyethene
+d=3.4/1000;//dia of particles
+mu=1.73/10^5;
+g=9.81;
+dt=3.54/100;//dia of duct
+//calculation
+a=2*d^3*rho*g*(rhos-rho)/3/mu^2;
+disp(a,"R/rho/U^2*(Re^2)=");
+//using Chart
+Re=2*10^3;
+U=mu*Re/d/rho;
+b=U/(g*dt)^.5;
+if b>0.35 then
+ disp("choking can occur of this pipe system");
+else
+ disp("choking can not occur of this pipe system");
+end
+//part 2
+Uc=15;//actual gas velocity
+e=((Uc-U)^2/2/g/dt/100+1)^(1/-4.7);
+Usc=(Uc-U)*(1-e);//superficial speed of solid
+Cmax=Usc*rhos*pi*dt^2/4;
+disp(Cmax,"the maximum carrying capacity of polythene particles in (kg/s)");
diff --git a/1379/CH12/EX12.1.3/example12_3.sce b/1379/CH12/EX12.1.3/example12_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..10aa51a2e --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH12/EX12.1.3/example12_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +
+
+//example 12.3
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=1.22;//density of air
+pi=3.1428;
+rhos=1400;//density of coal
+mu=1.73/10^5;
+g=9.81;
+U=25;
+Ut=2.80;
+l=50;
+ms=1.2;//mass flow rate
+mg=ms/10;//mass flow of gas
+//calculation
+Qs=ms/rhos;//flow of solid
+Qg=mg/rho;//flow of gas
+us=U-Ut;//actual linear velocity
+A=Qg/U;
+Us=Qs/A;//solid velocity
+e=(us-Us)/us;
+d=sqrt(4*A/pi);
+function [y ]= fround(x,n)
+// fround(x,n)
+// Round the floating point numbers x to n decimal places
+// x may be a vector or matrix// n is the integer number of places to round to
+y=round(x*10^n)/10^n;
+endfunction
+[d]=fround(d,4);
+Re=d*rho*U/mu;
+//using moody's chart
+phi=2.1/1000;//friction factor
+P1=2*phi*U^2*l*rho/d*2;
+f=0.05/us;
+P2=2*l*f*(0.0098)*rhos*us^2/d;
+P2=fround(P2/1000,1)*1000
+delP=rho*e*U^2+rhos*(0.0098)*us^2+P1+P2;
+//disp(delP,"the pressure difference in kN/m^2 ");
+printf('The Pressure value in (kN/m^2) is %.1f',delP/1000);
diff --git a/1379/CH12/EX12.1.4/example12_4.sce b/1379/CH12/EX12.1.4/example12_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..78c4537f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH12/EX12.1.4/example12_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +
+
+//example 12.4
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=1.22;//density of air
+pi=3.1428;
+rhos=1090;//density of steel
+mu=1.73/10^5;
+g=9.81;
+d=14.5/100;
+Qg=0.4;
+Qs=5000/3600/1090;
+Ut=6.5;
+ar=0.046/1000;//absolute roughness
+l=18.5;//length
+//calculation
+function [y ]= fround(x,n)
+// fround(x,n)
+// Round the floating point numbers x to n decimal places
+// x may be a vector or matrix// n is the integer number of places to round to
+y=round(x*10^n)/10^n;
+endfunction
+Us=Qs/pi/d^2*4;//solid velocity
+U=Qg/pi/d^2*4;
+us=U-Ut;//actual linear velocity
+e=1-Us/us;
+e=fround(e,4);
+Re=rho*U*d/mu;
+rr=ar/d;//relative roughness
+//using moody's diagram
+phi=2.08/1000;
+P1=2*phi*U^2*l*rho/d*2;
+f=0.05/us;
+P2=2*l*f*(1-e)*rhos*us^2/d;
+P2=fround(P2/1000,2)*1000;
+delP=rhos*(1-e)*us^2+rhos*(1-e)*g*l+P1+P2;
+//disp(delP,"the pressure difference in kN/m^2 ");
+printf('The Pressure value in (kN/m^2) is %.2f',delP/1000)
diff --git a/1379/CH12/EX12.1.5/example12_5.sce b/1379/CH12/EX12.1.5/example12_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f99f24ae6 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH12/EX12.1.5/example12_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +
+
+//example 12.5
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+l=25;
+pi=3.1428;
+rhos=2690;//density of ore
+emin=0.6;
+emax=0.8;
+//calculation
+Pmax=rhos*(1-emin)*g*l;
+disp(Pmax,"The maximum pressure drop in (N/m^2):");
+Pmin=rhos*(1-emax)*g*l;
+disp(Pmin,"The minimum pressure drop in (N/m^2):");
diff --git a/1379/CH13/EX13.1.1/example13_1.sce b/1379/CH13/EX13.1.1/example13_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..10805776a --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH13/EX13.1.1/example13_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +
+
+//exapple 13.1
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=998;
+g=9.81;
+pi=3.1428;
+omega=2*pi*1055/60;//angular rotation
+r=2.55/100//radius outer
+ld=1.55/100;//liq. depth
+l=10.25/100;
+//calculation
+//part1
+a=r*omega^2/g;
+disp(a,"ratio of cetrifugal force & gravitational force is:");
+//part2
+ri=r-ld;//radius internal
+V=pi*(r^2-ri^2)*l;
+sigma=(omega^2*V)/(g*log(r/ri));
+disp(sigma,"equivalent to gravity settling tank of crossectional area of in (m^2):")
diff --git a/1379/CH13/EX13.1.2/example13_2.sce b/1379/CH13/EX13.1.2/example13_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5002fe99c --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH13/EX13.1.2/example13_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +
+
+//exapple 13.2
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+sigma=55*10^6;//maximum stress
+d=35.2/100;
+rhos=8890;//density of bronze
+rho=1105;//density of solution
+t=80/1000;//thickness
+tau=4.325/1000;
+pi=3.1428;
+//calculation
+//part1
+ri=d/2-t;//radius internal
+function [y ]= fround(x,n)
+// fround(x,n)
+// Round the floating point numbers x to n decimal places
+// x may be a vector or matrix// n is the integer number of places to round to
+y=round(x*10^n)/10^n;
+endfunction
+omega=sqrt((sigma*tau*2/d)/(.5*rho*(d^2/4-ri^2)+rhos*tau*d/2));
+N=60*omega/2/pi;
+disp(N,"The maximum safe speed allowed in rpm:");
+//part2
+P=.5*rho*(d^2/4-ri^2)*omega^2;
+P=fround(P/10^4,1)*10^4;
+//disp(P,"the power in N/m^2:");
+printf('the power in N/m^2: %3.2e\n', P);
+a=rho*omega^2*d/2;
+a=fround(a/10^6,1)*10^6;
+//disp(a,"pressure gradient in radial direction in N/m^3:")
+printf('pressure gradient in radial direction in N/m^3: %3.2e\n', a);
diff --git a/1379/CH13/EX13.1.3/example13_3.sce b/1379/CH13/EX13.1.3/example13_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e35d5903f --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH13/EX13.1.3/example13_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +
+
+//exapple 13.3
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rhos=1425;//density of organic pigment
+rho=998;//density of water
+pi=3.1428;
+omega=360*2*pi/60;
+mu=1.25/1000;
+t=360;
+r=0.165+0.01;
+ro=0.165;
+//calculation
+d=sqrt(18*mu*log(r/ro)/t/(rhos-rho)/omega^2);
+printf('the minimum diameter in organic pigment in m: %3.1e\n', d);
diff --git a/1379/CH13/EX13.1.4/example13_4.sce b/1379/CH13/EX13.1.4/example13_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7ae7b1504 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH13/EX13.1.4/example13_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +
+
+//exapple 13.4
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rhos=1455;//density of crystals
+rho=998;//density of wliquid
+g=9.81;
+pi=3.1428;
+mu=1.013/1000;
+omega=2*pi*60000/60;
+l=0.5;
+d=2*10^-6;//dia of particles
+r=50.5/1000;//radius
+t=38.5/1000;//thickness of liquid
+//calculation
+ri=r-t;
+V=pi*l*(r^2-ri^2);
+Q=d^2*(rhos-rho)/18/mu*omega^2*V/log(r/ri);
+disp(Q,"the maximum volumetric flow rate in (m^3/s):")
diff --git a/1379/CH13/EX13.1.5/example13_5.sce b/1379/CH13/EX13.1.5/example13_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..38c8f8017 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH13/EX13.1.5/example13_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +
+
+//exapple 13.5
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rhoc=867;//density of cream
+rhom=1034;//density of skimmem milk
+rm=78.2/1000;//radius of skimmed milk
+rc=65.5/1000;//radius of cream
+//calculation
+r=sqrt((rhom*rm^2-rhoc*rc^2)/(rhom-rhoc));
+disp(r,"distance of xis of rotation of cream milk interface in (m):")
diff --git a/1379/CH13/EX13.1.6/example13_6.sce b/1379/CH13/EX13.1.6/example13_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..11cc0e8ae --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH13/EX13.1.6/example13_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +
+
+//exapple 13.6
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=1.210;//density of air
+mu=1.78/10^5;
+g=9.81;
+rhos=2655;//density of ore
+pi=3.1428;
+d=0.095;
+dp=2*10^-6//particle diameter
+dt=0.333;//dia of cyclone separator
+h=1.28;
+//calculation
+U=dp^2*g*(rhos-rho)/18/mu;
+Q=0.2*(pi*d^2/4)^2*d*g/U/pi/h/dt;
+disp(Q,"volumetric flow rate in(m^3/s):")
diff --git a/1379/CH13/EX13.1.7/example13_7.sce b/1379/CH13/EX13.1.7/example13_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c644064e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH13/EX13.1.7/example13_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +
+
+//exapple 13.6
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+b=4.46*10^4;
+c=1.98*10^4;
+s=0;
+function[a]=intregrate()
+ s=0;
+ for i=1:10889
+ d=linspace(0,10000,10889);
+ y=(1-exp(-b*d(i))*c*(1-exp(-c*d(i))))*0.69;;
+ s=s+y;
+
+ end
+ a=y;
+endfunction
+a=intregrate();
+disp(a*100,"overall efficiency of cyclone separator in %");
diff --git a/1379/CH2/EX2.1.1/example2_1.sce b/1379/CH2/EX2.1.1/example2_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1cc9f2556 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH2/EX2.1.1/example2_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +
+
+//exapple 2.1
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+pi=3.1428;
+mmm=16.04/1000;//molar mass of methane
+mV=22.414/1000;//molar volume
+R=8.314;
+mu=1.08/10^5;
+r=4.2/100;//radius
+rr=0.026/2/r;//relative roughness
+Pfinal=560*1000;
+tfinal=273+24;
+l=68.5;
+m=2.35;//mass flow rate
+//calculation
+A=pi*r^2;
+A=round(A*10^5)/10^5;
+rho=mmm/mV;
+rho24=mmm*Pfinal*273/mV/101.3/tfinal;//density at 24'C
+u=m/rho24/A;
+Re=u*rho24*2*r/mu;
+//from graph
+phi=0.0032;
+//for solving using fsolve we copy numerical value of constant terms
+//using back calculation
+//as pressure maintained should be more than Pfinal so guessed value is Pfinal;
+function[y]=eqn(x)
+ y=m^2/A^2*log(x/Pfinal)+(Pfinal^2-x^2)/2/R/tfinal*mmm+4*phi*l/2/r*m^2/A^2;
+endfunction
+[x,v,info]=fsolve(560*10^3,eqn);
+disp(x/1000,"pressure maintained at compressor in (kN/m^2):");
+
+
diff --git a/1379/CH2/EX2.1.2/example2_2.sce b/1379/CH2/EX2.1.2/example2_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9c8b49194 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH2/EX2.1.2/example2_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +
+
+//exapple 2.2
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+M=28.8/1000;
+mu=1.73/10^5;
+gamm=1.402;
+P1=107.6*10^3;
+V=22.414/1000;
+R=8.314;
+temp=285;
+d=4/1000;
+rr=0.0008;
+phi=0.00285;
+//calculation
+//constant term of equation
+//part1
+a=1-8*phi*l/d;//constant term in deff
+deff('y=f(x)','y=log(x^2)-x^2+2.938');
+[x,v,info]=fsolve(1,f);
+z=1/x;
+z=round(z*1000)/1000;
+disp(z,"ratio of Pw/P1");
+//part2
+Pw=z*P1;
+nuw=V*P1*temp/Pw/M/273;
+Uw=sqrt(nuw*Pw);
+disp(Uw,"maximum velocity in (m/s):")
+//part3
+Gw=pi*d^2/4*Pw/Uw;
+disp(Gw,"maximum mass flow rate in(kg/s):");
+//part4
+G=2.173/1000;
+J=G*Uw^2/2;
+disp(J,"heat taken up to maintain isothermal codition(J/s):");
+//part5
+nu2=2.79;//found from graph
+nu1=R*temp/M/P1;
+P2=P1*(nu1/nu2)^gamm;
+disp(P2/P1,"crtical pressure ratio in adiabatic condition:");
+//part6
+Uw=sqrt(gamm*P2*nu2);
+disp(Uw,"velocity at adiabatic condition in (m/s):");
+//part7
+Gw=pi*d^2/4*Uw/nu2;
+disp(Gw,"mass flow rate at adiabatic condition in (kg/s):");
+//part8
+//polynomial in T of the form ax^2+bx+c=0;
+c=gamm/(gamm-1)*P1*nu1+.5*Gw^2/pi^2/d^4*16*nu1^2;
+b=gamm/(gamm-1)*R/M;
+a=.5*Gw^2/pi^2/d^4*16*(R/M/P2)^2;
+y=poly([-c b a],'x','coeff');
+T2=roots(y);
+disp(T2(2)-273,"temperature of discharging gas in (Celcius)");
+
+
+
diff --git a/1379/CH2/EX2.1.3/example2_3.sce b/1379/CH2/EX2.1.3/example2_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..27a0405b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH2/EX2.1.3/example2_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ +
+
+//exapple 2.3
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+//1 refer to initial condition
+R=8.314;
+P1=550*10^3;
+T1=273+350;
+M=18/1000;
+d=2.4/100;
+pi=3.1428;
+A=pi*d^2/4;
+gamm=1.33;
+roughness=0.096/1000/d;
+l=0.85;
+phi=0.0035//assumed value of friction factor
+//calculation
+nu1=R*T1/M/P1;
+Pw=0.4*P1;//estimation
+nuw=(P1/Pw)^0.75*nu1;
+enthalpy=3167*1000;
+Gw=sqrt(enthalpy*A^2/(gamm*nuw^2/(gamm-1)-nu1^2/2-nuw^2/2));
+function[y]=eqn(x)
+ y=log(x/nu1)+(gamm-1)/gamm*(enthalpy/2*(A/Gw)^2*(1/x^2-1/nu1^2)+0.25*(nu1^2/x^2-1)-.5*log(x/nu1))+4*phi*l/d;
+endfunction
+deff('y=f(x)','eqn');
+[x,v,info]=fsolve(0.2,eqn);
+
+if x~=nuw then
+ disp("we again have to estimate Pw/P1");
+ disp("new estimate assumed as 0.45")
+ Pw=0.45*P1;//new estimation
+ nuw=(P1/Pw)^0.75*nu1;
+// & we equalise nu2 to nuw
+nu2=nuw;
+Gw=sqrt(enthalpy*A^2/(gamm*nuw^2/(gamm-1)-nu1^2/2-nuw^2/2));
+printf("mass flow rate of steam through pipe (kg/s): %.2f",Gw);
+//part 2
+disp(Pw/1000,"pressure of pipe at downstream end in (kPa):");
+
+else
+ disp("our estimation is correct");
+
+end
+//part3
+enthalpyw=2888.7*1000;//estimated from steam table
+Tw=sqrt((enthalpy-enthalpyw+.5*Gw^2/A^2*nu1^2)*2*A^2/Gw^2/R^2*M^2*Pw^2);
+disp(Tw-273,"temperature of steam emerging from pipe in (Celcius):")
+
+
+
diff --git a/1379/CH2/EX2.1.4/example2_4.sce b/1379/CH2/EX2.1.4/example2_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..25d9c8379 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH2/EX2.1.4/example2_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +
+
+//exapple 2.4
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+M=28.05/1000;
+gamm=1.23;
+R=8.314;
+atm=101.3*1000;
+P1=3*atm;
+//calculation
+//part1
+P2=P1*(2/(gamm+1))^(gamm/(gamm-1));
+disp(P2/1000,"pressure at nozzle throat (kPa):")
+//part2
+temp=273+50;
+nu1=R*temp/P1/M;
+G=18;//mass flow rate
+nu2=nu1*(P2/P1)^(-1/gamm);
+A=G^2*nu2^2*(gamm-1)/(2*gamm*P1*nu1*(1-(P2/P1)^((gamm-1)/gamm)));
+d=sqrt(4*sqrt(A)/pi);
+disp(d*100,"diameter required at nozzle throat in (cm)")
+//part3
+vel=sqrt(2*gamm*P1*nu1/(gamm-1)*(1-(P2/P1)^((gamm-1)/gamm)));
+disp(vel,"sonic velocity at throat in(m/s):");
diff --git a/1379/CH2/EX2.1.5/example2_5.sce b/1379/CH2/EX2.1.5/example2_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7de552826 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH2/EX2.1.5/example2_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +
+
+//exapple 2.5
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+T=273+15;
+rho=999;
+rhom=13559;//density of mercury
+g=9.81;
+P2=764.3/1000*rhom*g;
+R=8.314;
+M=16.04/1000;
+d=4.5/1000;
+A=pi*d^2/4;
+G=0.75/1000;//mass flow rate
+delP=(1-exp(R*T*G^2/2/P2^2/M/A^2))*P2;
+h=-delP/rho/g;
+disp(h*100,"height of manometer in (cm)")
diff --git a/1379/CH2/EX2.1.6/example2_6.sce b/1379/CH2/EX2.1.6/example2_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..eedb13c2a --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH2/EX2.1.6/example2_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +
+
+//exapple 2.6
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rhol=931;
+mu=1.55/10000;//viscosity of water
+Vsp=0.6057;//specific volume
+T=273+133;
+mug=1.38/100000;//viscosity of steam
+P=300*1000;
+d=0.075;
+Gg=0.05;//mass flow gas phase
+Gl=1.5;//mass flow liquid phase
+A=pi*d^2/4;
+//calculation
+rhog=1/Vsp;
+rhog=round(rhog*1000)/1000;
+velg=Gg/A/rhog;
+velg=round(velg*100)/100;
+Reg=rhog*velg*d/mug;
+//using chart
+phig=0.00245;//friction factor gas phase
+l=1;
+delPg=4*phig*velg^2*rhog/d;
+//consider liquid phase
+vell=Gl/A/rho;
+Rel=rho*vell*d/mu;
+if Rel>4000 & Reg>4000 then
+ disp("both liquid phase and solid phase in turbulent motion");
+ //from chart
+end
+PHIg=5;
+delP=PHIg^2*delPg;
+disp(delP,"required pressure drop per unit length in (Pa)")
diff --git a/1379/CH3/EX3.1.1/example3_1.sce b/1379/CH3/EX3.1.1/example3_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f0c445893 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH3/EX3.1.1/example3_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +
+
+//exapple 3.1
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=998;
+mu=1.002/1000;
+x=48/100;
+u=19.6/100;
+x1=30/100;
+b=2.6;
+//calculation
+//part1
+disp("fluid in boundary layer would be entirely in streamline motion ");
+Re=rho*x*u/mu;
+printf("reynolds no is %.2e",Re);
+//part 2
+Re1=rho*x1*u/mu;
+delta=x1*4.64*Re1^-.5;
+disp(delta*1000,"boundary layer width in (mm):");
+//part3
+y=0.5*delta;//middle of boundary layer
+ux=3/2*u*y/delta-.5*u*(y/delta)^3;
+disp(ux*100,"velocity of water in (cm/s):");
+//part4
+R=0.323*rho*u^2*Re1^-0.5;
+disp(R,"shear stress at 30cm in (N/m^2):");
+//part5
+Rms=0.646*rho*u^2*Re^-0.5;
+disp(Rms,"mean shear stress experienced over whole plate in (N/m^2)");
+//part6
+F=Rms*x*b;
+disp(F,"total force experienced by the plate in (N)")
+
diff --git a/1379/CH3/EX3.1.2/example3_2.sce b/1379/CH3/EX3.1.2/example3_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..47cdd6996 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH3/EX3.1.2/example3_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +
+
+//exapple 3.2
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+P=102.7*1000;
+M=28.8/1000;
+R=8.314;
+temp=273+18;
+Recrit=10^5;
+u=18.4;
+b=4.7;//width
+x=1.3;
+mu=1.827/100000;
+//calculation
+//part1
+rho=P*M/R/temp;
+xcrit=Recrit*mu/rho/u;
+a=1-xcrit/1.65;
+disp(a*100,"% of surface over which turbulent boundary layer exist is :");
+//part2
+Rex=rho*u*x/mu;
+thik=0.375*Rex^-.2*x;
+disp(thik*100,"thickness of boundary layer in (cm):");
+y=0.5*thik;
+ux=u*(y/thik)^(1/7);
+disp(ux,"velocity of air at mid point is (m/s):")
+//part4
+lthik=74.6*Rex^-.9*x;
+disp(lthik*1000,"thickness of laminar boundary layer in (mm):");
+//part5
+ub=u*(lthik/thik)^(1/7);
+disp(ub,"velocity at outer edge of laminar sublayer in (m/s):");
+//part6
+R=0.0286*rho*u^2*Rex^-0.2;
+disp(R,"shearforce expericienced in (N/m^2):");
+//part7
+x1=1.65;//length of plate
+Rex1=rho*u*x1/mu;
+Rms=0.0358*rho*u^2*Rex1^-0.2;
+disp(Rms,"mean shearforce in (N/m^2):");
+//part8
+F=x1*Rms*b;
+disp(F,"total drag force expericienced by the plate is (N):");
+
diff --git a/1379/CH3/EX3.1.3/example3_3.sce b/1379/CH3/EX3.1.3/example3_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ce3c7be52 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH3/EX3.1.3/example3_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +
+
+//exapple 3.3
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+Q=37.6/1000000;
+d=3.2/100;
+mu=1.002/1000;
+rho=998;
+pi=3.14;
+//calculation
+//part1
+u=4*Q/pi/d^2;
+Re=rho*u*d/mu;
+disp(Re,"pipe flow reynolds no :");
+disp("Water will be in streamline motion in the pipe");
+//part2
+a=-8*u/d;
+disp(a,"velocity gradient at the pipe wall is (s^-1):");
+//part3
+Ro=-mu*a;
+printf("Sherastress at pipe wall is (N/m^2) %.2e",Ro);
+//part4
+Q=2.10/1000;
+u=4*Q/pi/d^2;
+u=round(u*1000)/1000;
+disp(u,"new av. fluid velocity is (m/s):");
+Re=rho*u*d/mu;
+phi=0.0396*Re^-0.25;//friction factor
+phi=round(phi*10^5)/10^5;
+delb=5*d*Re^-1*phi^-.5;
+disp(delb*10^6,"thickness of laminar sublayer in (10^-6m):");
+//part5
+y=30*d/phi^0.5/Re;//thickness
+tbl=y-delb;
+disp(tbl*1000,"thickness of buffer layer in (mm):");
+//part6
+A=pi*d^2/4;//cross sectional area of pipe
+dc=d-2*y;//dia of turbulent core
+Ac=pi*dc^2/4;
+p=(1-A/Ac)*100;
+disp(p,"percentage of pipe-s core occupied by turbulent core is (%):");
+//part7
+uplus=5;//from reference
+ux=uplus*u*phi^0.5;
+disp(ux,"velocity where sublayer and buffer layer meet is (m/s):");
+//part8
+yplus=30;//from reference
+ux2=u*phi^0.5*(2.5*log(yplus)+5.5);
+disp(ux2,"velocity where turbulent core and buffer layer meet is (m/s):");
+//part9
+us=u/0.81;
+disp(us,"fluid velocity along the pipe axis (m/s):");
+//part10
+Ro=phi*rho*u^2;
+disp(Ro,"shearstress at pipe wall (N/m^2):");
diff --git a/1379/CH4/EX4.1.1/example4_1.sce b/1379/CH4/EX4.1.1/example4_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0dc7c8996 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH4/EX4.1.1/example4_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ +
+
+//exapple 4.1
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=998;
+rhom=1.354*10^4;//density of mercury
+M=2.83/100;
+mu=1.001/1000;
+mun=1.182/10^5;//vicosity of natural gas
+R=8.314;
+g=9.81;
+h=28.6/100;
+d=54/100;
+//part1
+nu=1/rho;
+delP=h*g*(rhom-rho);
+umax=sqrt(2*nu*delP);
+umax=round(umax*10)/10;
+disp(umax,"maximum fluid velocity in (m/s)");
+Re=umax*d*rho/mu;
+printf("reynold no. is %.2e",Re);
+//using chart
+u=0.81*umax;
+G=rho*pi*d^2/4*u;
+disp(G,"mass flow rate in (kg/s):");
+disp(G/rho,"Volumetric flow rate in (m^3/s):");
+//part2
+P1=689*1000;//initial pressure
+T=273+21;
+nu1=R*T/M/P1;
+nu1=round(nu1*10000)/10000;
+rhog=1/nu1;//density of gas
+h=17.4/100;
+P2=P1+h*(rho-rhog)*g;
+P2=round(P2/100)*100;
+umax2=sqrt(2*P1*nu1*log(P2/P1));
+disp(umax2,"maximum fluid velocity in (m/s)");
+Re=rhog*umax2*d/mun;
+printf("reynold no. is %.3e",Re);
+//from table
+u=0.81*umax2;
+Q=pi*d^2/4*u;
+disp(Q,"volumetric flow rate is (m^3/s):");
+disp(Q*rhog,"mass flow rate in (kg/s):")
+
+
diff --git a/1379/CH4/EX4.1.2/example4_2.sce b/1379/CH4/EX4.1.2/example4_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9de3ab2db --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH4/EX4.1.2/example4_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +
+
+//exapple 4.2
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rd=[0 1 2.5 5 10 15 17.5]/100;//radial distance from pipe
+dlv=[0 0.2 0.36 0.54 0.81 0.98 1]/100;//differnce in liquid levels
+r=[.175 .165 .150 .125 .075 .025 0];//
+g=9.81;
+R=8.314;
+rho=999;
+temp=289;
+P1=148*1000;
+M=7.09/100;
+pi=3.12
+rhoCl2=P1*M/R/temp;//density of Cl2
+nuCl2=1/rhoCl2;//specific volume of Cl2
+function[y]=P2(x);
+ y=P1+x*(rho-rhoCl2)*g;
+endfunction
+for i=1:7
+ y=P2(dlv(i));
+ u(i)=sqrt(2*P1*nuCl2*log(y/P1));
+ a(i)=u(i)*r(i);
+end
+clf();
+plot(r,a);
+xtitle("","r (m)","u*r (m^2/s)");
+s=0;
+for i=1:6//itegration of the plotted graph
+ s=abs((r(i)-r(i+1))*.5*(a(i)+a(1+1)))+s;
+end
+s=s-0.01;
+Q=2*pi*s;
+disp(Q,"volumetric flow rate (m^3/s):");
+disp(Q*rhoCl2,"mass flow rate of chlorine gas (kg/s)")
+
diff --git a/1379/CH4/EX4.1.3/example4_3.sce b/1379/CH4/EX4.1.3/example4_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8fc57a6c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH4/EX4.1.3/example4_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +
+
+//exapple 4.3
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+pi=3.14;
+Cd=0.61;
+rho=999;
+rhoo=877;//density of oil
+g=9.81;
+h=75/100;
+d=12.4/100;//dia of orifice
+d1=15/100;//inside diameter
+nuo=1/rhoo;//specific volume of oil
+//calculation
+//part1
+delP=h*(rho-rhoo)*g;
+A=pi*d^2/4;
+G=Cd*A/nuo*sqrt(2*nuo*delP/(1-(d/d1)^4));
+disp(G,"mass flow rate in (kg/s)")
+//part2
+h=(1+0.5)*d1;
+delP=rhoo/2*(G*nuo/Cd/A)^2*(1-(d/d1)^4)+h*rhoo*g;
+disp(delP,"pressuer differnce between tapping points");
+delh=(delP-h*rhoo*g)/(rho-rhoo)/g;
+disp(delh,"difference in water levels in manometer i (cm)")
diff --git a/1379/CH4/EX4.1.4/example4_4.sce b/1379/CH4/EX4.1.4/example4_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b01c8bd4e --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH4/EX4.1.4/example4_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +
+
+//exapple 4.4
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rhom=1.356*10^4;//density mercury
+rhon=1266;//density NaOH
+Cd=0.61;
+g=9.81;
+Cdv=0.98;//coeff. of discharge of venturimeter
+Cdo=Cd;//coeff. of discharge of orificemeter
+d=6.5/100;
+pi=3.14;
+A=pi*d^2/4;
+Q=16.5/1000;
+h=0.2;//head differnce
+//calculation
+//part1
+delP=g*h*(rhom-rhon);
+G=rhon*Q;
+nun=1/rhon;//specific volume of NaOH
+Ao=G*nun/Cd*sqrt(1/(2*nun*delP+(G*nun/Cd/A)^2));//area of orifice
+d0=sqrt(4*Ao/pi)
+disp(d0*100,"diameter of orifice in (cm):");
+//part2
+a=(Cdv/Cdo)^2;
+disp(a,"ratio of pressure drop ")
diff --git a/1379/CH4/EX4.1.5/example4_5.sce b/1379/CH4/EX4.1.5/example4_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a60dd976b --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH4/EX4.1.5/example4_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +
+
+//exapple 4.5
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+M=3.995/100;
+g=9.81;
+R=8.314;
+Cd=0.94;
+temp=289;
+df=9.5/1000;//diameter of float
+Af=pi*df^2/4;//area of float
+P=115*10^3;
+V=0.92/10^6;
+rhoc=3778;//density of ceramic
+//calculation
+rho=P*M/R/temp;
+nu=1/rho;
+P=V*(rhoc-rho)*g/Af;
+disp(P,"pressure drop over the float in (Pa):");
+//part2
+x=.15/25*(25-7.6);
+L=df*100+2*x;
+L=L/100;
+A1=pi*L^2/4;
+A0=A1-Af;
+G=Cd*A0*sqrt(2*rho*P/(1-(A0/A1)^2));
+printf("mass flow rate in (kg/s) is %.3e",G);
+Q=G/rho;
+disp(Q,"Volumetric flow rate in (m^3/s):")
diff --git a/1379/CH4/EX4.1.6/example4_6.sce b/1379/CH4/EX4.1.6/example4_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6212e45aa --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH4/EX4.1.6/example4_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +
+
+//exapple 4.6
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=999;
+rhos=8020;//density of steel
+g=9.81;
+pi=3.14;
+df=14.2/1000;//dia of float
+Af=pi*df^2/4;//area of float
+Cd=0.97;
+nu=1/rho;
+Q=4/1000/60;
+G=Q*rho;
+//calculation
+x=0.5*(18.8-df*1000)/280*(280-70);
+L=df*1000+2*x;
+L=L/1000;
+A1=pi*L^2/4;
+A0=A1-Af;
+Vf=Af/g/(rhos-rho)/2/nu*(G*nu/Cd/A0)^2*(1-(A0/A1)^2);
+m=Vf*rhos;
+disp(m*1000,"mass of float equired in (g):")
diff --git a/1379/CH5/EX5.1.1/example5_1.sce b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.1/example5_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ad93ab2c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.1/example5_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +
+
+//exapple 5.1
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=999.7;
+g=9.81;
+mu=1.308/1000;
+s=1/6950;
+b=0.65;
+h=32.6/100;
+n=0.016;
+//calculation
+//part1
+A=b*h;
+P=b+2*h;
+m=A/P;
+u=s^.5*m^(2/3)/n;
+Q=A*u
+disp(Q,"volumetric flow rate (m^3/s):");
+C=u/m^0.5/s^0.5;
+disp(C,"chezy coefficient (m^0.5/s):");
+a=-m*rho*g*s/mu;//delu/dely
+disp(a,"velocity gradient in the channel (s^-1):")
+
diff --git a/1379/CH5/EX5.1.10/example5_10.sce b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.10/example5_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..020a780f5 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.10/example5_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +
+
+//exapple 5.10
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+pi=3.14;
+n=0.022;
+B=5.75;
+s=0.15*pi/180;
+Q=16.8;
+function[y]=normal(x)
+ y=Q-B*x/n*(B*x/(B+2*x))^(2/3)*s^0.5;
+endfunction
+x=fsolve(1.33,normal);
+disp(x,"Normal depth in (m):");
+Dc=(Q^2/g/B^2)^(1/3);
+disp(Dc,"Critical depth in (m):");
+delD=.1;
+D=1.55:.1:2.35
+su=0;
+for i=1:9
+ delL=delD/s*(1-(Dc/D(i))^3)/(1-(x/D(i))^3.33);
+ su=su+delL
+end
+disp(su,"distance in (m) from upstream to that place:")
diff --git a/1379/CH5/EX5.1.11/example5_11.sce b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.11/example5_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4547250d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.11/example5_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +
+
+//exapple 5.11
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+g=9.81;
+q=1.49;
+pi=3.14;
+//calculation
+//part1
+Dc=(q^2/g)^.333;
+disp(Dc,"critical depth in (m):");
+//part2
+n=0.021;
+su=1.85*pi/180;//slope upstream
+sd=0.035*pi/180;//slope downstream
+Dnu=(n*q/sqrt(su))^(3/5);
+Dnu=round(Dnu*1000)/1000;
+disp(Dnu,"normal depth upstream in (m):");
+Dnd=(n*q/sqrt(sd))^(3/5);
+disp(Dnd,"normal depth downstream in (m):");
+//part3
+D2u=-0.5*Dnu*(1-sqrt(1+8*q^2/g/Dnu^3));
+D2u=round(D2u*1000)/1000;
+disp(D2u,"conjugate depth for upstream in (m):");
+D1d=-0.5*Dnd*(1-sqrt(1+8*q^2/g/Dnd^3));
+disp(D1d,"conjugate depth for downstream in (m):");
+//part4
+//accurate method
+delD=.022;
+D=0.987:.022:1.141
+dis=0;
+for i=1:8
+ delL=delD/su*(1-(Dc/D(i))^3)/(1-(Dnu/D(i))^3.33);
+ dis=dis+delL
+end
+disp(dis,"distance in (m) of occurence of jump by accurate method:");
+//not so accurate one
+E1=D2u+q^2/2/g/D2u^2;
+E2=Dnd+q^2/2/g/Dnd^2;
+E2=round(E2*1000)/1000;
+E1=round(E1*1000)/1000;
+ahm=(D2u+Dnd)/2;//av. hydraulic mean
+afv=.5*(q/D2u+q/Dnd);//av. fluid velocity
+i=(afv*0.021/ahm^(2/3))^2;
+l=(E2-E1)/(su-i+0.0002);
+disp(l,"distance in (m) of occurence of jump by not so accurate method:")
+//part5
+rho=998;
+Eu=Dnu++q^2/2/g/Dnu^2;
+Eu=round(Eu*1000)/1000;
+P=rho*g*q*(Eu-E1);
+disp(P/1000,"power loss in hydraulic jump per unit width in (kW):")
diff --git a/1379/CH5/EX5.1.2/example5_2.sce b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.2/example5_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..107a6c361 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.2/example5_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +
+
+//exapple 5.2
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+Q=0.885;
+pi=3.1428;
+s=1/960;
+s=round(s*1000000)/1000000;
+b=1.36;
+n=0.014;
+theta=55*pi/180;
+//calculation
+function[y]=flow(x);
+ a=(x*(b+x/tan(theta)))/(b+2*x/sin(theta));
+ y=a^(2/3)*s^(1/2)*(x*(b+x/tan(theta)))/n-Q;
+endfunction
+x=fsolve(0.1,flow);
+disp(x,"depth of water in (m):")
diff --git a/1379/CH5/EX5.1.3/example5_3.sce b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.3/example5_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..04660eca2 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.3/example5_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +
+
+//exapple 5.3
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+n=0.011;
+h=0.12;
+Q=25/10000;
+//calculation
+deff('y=f(x)','y=1/x^2-1');
+x=fsolve(0.1,f);
+theta=2*atan(x);
+A=h*2*h/tan(theta/2)/2;
+P=2*h*sqrt(2);
+s=Q^2*n^2*P^(4/3)/A^(10/3);
+disp(s,"the slope of channel in (radians):")
diff --git a/1379/CH5/EX5.1.4/example5_4.sce b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.4/example5_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f4ff5d23c --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.4/example5_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +
+
+//exapple 5.4
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+//part1
+//maximizing eqution in theta & get a function
+function[y]=theta(x)
+ y=(x-.5*sin(2*x))/2/x^2-(1-cos(2*x))/2/x;
+endfunction
+x=fsolve(2.2,theta);
+x=round(x*1000)/1000;
+a=(1-cos(x))/2;
+printf("velocity will be maximum when stream depth in times of diameter is %.3f",a);
+//part2
+//maximizing eqution in theta & get a function
+function[y]=theta2(x)
+ y=3*(x-.5*sin(2*x))^2*(1-cos(2*x))/2/x-(x-.5*sin(2*x))^3/2/x^2 ;
+endfunction
+x1=fsolve(2.2,theta2);
+x1=round(x1*1000)/1000;
+a=(1-cos(x1))/2;
+disp("")
+printf("vlumetric flow will be maximum when stream depth in times of diameter is %.3f",a);
+//part3
+r=1;
+A=1*x-0.5*sin(2*x);
+s=0.35*3.14/180;
+P=2*x*r;
+C=78.6;
+u=C*(A/P)^0.5*s^0.5;
+disp(u,"maximum velocity of obtained fluid (m/s):");
+//part4
+disp(x1,"maximum flow rate obtained at angle in (radians):")
diff --git a/1379/CH5/EX5.1.5/example5_5.sce b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.5/example5_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6621ed73a --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.5/example5_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +
+
+//exapple 5.5
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+g=9.81;
+h=28/100;
+Cd=0.62;
+B=46/100;
+Q=0.355;
+n=2;//from francis formula
+//calcualtion
+//part1
+u=sqrt(2*g*h);
+disp(u,"velocity of fluid (m/s):");
+//part2a
+H=(3*Q/2/Cd/B/(2*g)^0.5)^(2/3);
+disp(H,"fluid depth over weir in (m):");
+//part2b
+//using francis formula
+function[y]=root(x)
+ y=Q-1.84*(B-0.1*n*x)*x^1.5;
+endfunction
+x=fsolve(0.2,root);
+disp(x,"fluid depth over weir in if SI units uesd in (m):");
+//part3
+H=18.5/100;
+Q=22/1000;
+a=15*Q/8/Cd/(2*g)^0.5/H^2.5;
+theta=2*atan(a);
+disp(theta*180/3.14,"base angle of the notch of weir (degrees)")
diff --git a/1379/CH5/EX5.1.6/example5_6.sce b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.6/example5_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..62dbacf5b --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.6/example5_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +
+
+//exapple 5.6
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+Q=0.675;
+B=1.65;
+D=19.5/100;
+g=9.81;
+//caculation
+u=Q/B/D;
+u=round(u*1000)/1000;
+E=D+u^2/2/g;
+y=poly([8.53/1000 0 -E 1],'x','coeff');
+x=roots(y);
+disp(x(1),"alternative depth in (m)");
+disp("It is shooting flow");
+Dc=2/3*E;
+Qmax=B*(g*Dc^3)^0.5;
+disp(Qmax,"maximum volumetric flow (m^3/s)");
+Fr=u/sqrt(g*D);
+disp(Fr,"Froude no.");
+a=(E-D)/E;
+disp(a*100,"% of kinetic energy in initial system");
+b=(E-x(1))/E;
+disp(b*100,"% of kinetic energy in final system");
diff --git a/1379/CH5/EX5.1.7/example5_7.sce b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.7/example5_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..507f6308d --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.7/example5_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +
+
+//exapple 5.7
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+G=338;//mass flow rate
+rho=998;
+q=G/rho;
+E=0.48;
+n=0.015;
+g=9.81;
+B=0.4;
+y=poly([5.85/1000 0 -E 1],'x','coeff');
+x=roots(y);
+disp(x(1),x(2),"alternate depths (m):");
+s=(G*n/rho/x(2)/(B*x(2)/(B+2*x(2)))^(2/3))^2
+disp(s,"slode when depth is 12.9cm");
+s=(G*n/rho/x(1)/(B*x(1)/(B+2*x(1)))^(2/3))^2
+disp(s,"slode when depth is 45.1cm");
diff --git a/1379/CH5/EX5.1.8/example5_8.sce b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.8/example5_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..47945281f --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.8/example5_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +
+
+//exapple 5.8
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+pi=3.14;
+theta=pi/3;
+h=1/tan(theta);
+B=0.845;
+E=0.375;
+g=9.81;
+//calculation
+//part1
+//deducing a polynomial(quadratic) in Dc
+a=5*h;
+b=3*B-4*h*E;
+c=-2*E*B;
+y=poly([c b a],'x','coeff');
+x=roots(y);
+disp(x(2),"critical depth in (m):");
+//part2
+Ac=x(2)*(B+x(2)*tan(theta/2));
+Btc=B+x(2)*tan(theta/2)*2;
+Dcbar=Ac/Btc;
+uc=sqrt(g*Dcbar);
+disp(uc,"critical velocity (m/s):");
+//part3
+Qc=Ac*uc;
+disp(Qc,"Critical volumetric flow (m^3/s):");
diff --git a/1379/CH5/EX5.1.9/example5_9.sce b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.9/example5_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..119d8f7c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH5/EX5.1.9/example5_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +
+
+//exapple 5.9
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+B2=1.60;//breadth at 2
+D2=(1-0.047)*1.27;//depth at 2
+g=9.81;
+B1=2.95;//breadth at 1
+D1=1.27;//depth at 1
+Z=0;
+//calculation
+Q=B2*D2*(2*g*(D1-D2-Z)/(1-(B2*D2/B1/D1)^2))^0.5;
+disp(Q,"volumetric flow rate over flat topped weir over rectangular section in non uniform width(m^3/s)");
+//next part
+B2=12.8;
+D1=2.58;
+Z=1.25;
+Q=1.705*B2*(D1-Z)^1.5;
+disp(Q,"volumetric flow rate over flat topped weir over rectangular section in uniform width (m^3/s):")
+
diff --git a/1379/CH6/EX6.1.1/Example6_1.sce b/1379/CH6/EX6.1.1/Example6_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..883a9dc99 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH6/EX6.1.1/Example6_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ +
+//example 6.1
+clc; funcprot(0);
+//exapple 6.1
+// Initialization of Variable
+atp=100.2*1000;
+g=9.81;
+rho_w=996;
+rho_toluene=867;
+vap_pre_toluene=4.535*1000;
+viscosity_toluene=5.26/10000;
+//calculation
+m=(atp-vap_pre_toluene)/rho_toluene/g;
+disp(m,"Max. height of toluene supported by atm. pressure (in m):");
+//part(1)
+hopw=0.650;//head of pump in terms of water
+hopt=hopw*rho_w/rho_toluene;//head of pump in terms of toluene
+Q=1.8*10^-3;//flow in m^3/s
+d=2.3*10^-2;//diameter of pipe
+pi=3.14127;
+//u=4*Q/pi/d^2
+//substituting this for reynolds no.
+Re=4*Q*rho_toluene/pi/d/viscosity_toluene;//reynolds no.
+disp(Re ,"reynolds no :");
+phi=0.0396*Re^-0.25;
+//since both LHS and RHS are function of x(max. ht. ab. toluene)
+//we define a new variable to solve the eqn
+//y=(atp/rho_toluene/g)-(vap_pre_toluene/rho_toluene/g)-(4*phi*16*Q^2*x/pi^2/d^5/g)-hopt;
+//y=x
+//these are two equations
+b=[0;((atp/rho_toluene/g)-(vap_pre_toluene/rho_toluene/g)-hopt)];
+A=[1 -1;1 4*phi*16*Q^2/pi^2/d^5/g];
+x=A\b;
+disp(x(2,1), "the maximum height above toulene in the tank the pump can be located without risk while flow rate is 1.80dm^3/s (in m):");
+//solution of part(2)
+l=9//length
+u=sqrt(((atp/rho_toluene/g)-(vap_pre_toluene/rho_toluene/g)-hopt-l)*d*g/4/phi/l);//fluid velocity in pipes
+Q=pi*d^2*u/4;
+disp(Q,"Maximum delivery rate if pump is located 9m above toluene tank(in m^3/s)")
+//solution of part(3)
+//clubing d together we get
+Q=1.8/1000;
+a=(atp/rho_toluene/g)-(vap_pre_toluene/rho_toluene/g)-hopt-l;
+b=a*pi^2*g/4/9/16/Q^2/0.0396/(4*Q*rho_toluene/pi/viscosity_toluene)^-0.25;
+d=(1/b)^(1/4.75);
+disp(d , "minimum smooth diameter of suction pipe which will have flow rate as (1.8 dm^3/s) for pump kept at 9 m high (in m):");
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/1379/CH6/EX6.1.2/example6_2.sce b/1379/CH6/EX6.1.2/example6_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..11f5d991e --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH6/EX6.1.2/example6_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +
+//example 6.2
+clc; funcprot(0);
+//exapple 6.2
+// Initialization of Variable
+Q1=24.8/1000;//flow in pump 1
+d1=11.8/100;//diameter of impeller 1
+H1=14.7//head of pump 1
+N1=1450//frequency of motor 1
+Q2=48/1000//flow in pump 2
+//calculation
+H2=1.15*H1;//head of pump 2
+specific_speed=N1*Q1^0.5/H1^0.75;
+N2=specific_speed*H2^0.75/Q2^0.5;//frequency of motor 2
+disp(N2 ,"frequency of motor 2 in rpm");
+d2=sqrt(N2^2*H1/H2/N1^2/d1^2);
+disp(1/d2 , "diametr of impeller 2 (in m)");
+
diff --git a/1379/CH6/EX6.1.3/example6_3.sce b/1379/CH6/EX6.1.3/example6_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..aa5501287 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH6/EX6.1.3/example6_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +
+//example 6.3
+clc; funcprot(0);
+clf()
+//exapple 6.3
+// Initialization of Variable
+Q=[0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05];//discharge
+effi_hyd=[65.4 71 71.9 67.7 57.5 39.2];
+effi_over=[0 36.1 56.0 61.0 54.1 37.0];
+H_sys=[0 0 0 0 0 0]
+d=0.114;//diameter of pipe
+d_o=0.096;//diameter of impeller
+h=8.75;//elevation
+g=9.81;//acc. of gravity
+rho=999;//denisity of water
+l=60;//length of pipe
+theta=0.611;//angle in radians
+B=0.0125;//width of blades
+pi=3.1412
+mu=1.109/1000;//viscosity of water
+omega=2*pi*1750/60;
+// calculation
+ for i=1:6
+ if i==1 then
+ H_sys(i)=h;
+ else
+
+ H_sys(i)=h+8*Q(i)^2/pi^2/d^4/g*(1+8*l*0.0396/d*(4*rho*Q(i)/pi/d/mu)^-0.25);
+end,
+end;
+H_theor=omega^2*d_o^2/g-omega*Q/2/pi/g/B/tan(theta);
+//disp(H_sys"head of system (in m)");
+//disp(H_theor);
+for i=1:6
+ H_eff(i)=effi_hyd(i)*H_theor(i)/100;
+end
+//disp(H_eff);
+plot(Q,effi_hyd, 'r--d');
+plot(Q,effi_over, 'g');
+plot(Q,H_eff,'k');
+plot(Q,H_theor);
+plot(Q,H_sys ,'c-');
+title('system characteritics');
+ylabel('Head(m)or Efficiency(%)');
+xlabel('volumetric flow rate(m^3/s)');
+//calculation of power
+//at intersecting point using datatrip b/w H_sys &H_eff
+Q=0.0336
+effi_over=59.9
+H_eff=13.10
+P=H_eff*rho*g*Q/effi_over/10;
+disp(P ,"Power required to pump fluid at this rate(in KW):")
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/1379/CH6/EX6.1.4/example6_4.sce b/1379/CH6/EX6.1.4/example6_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..197cdf003 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH6/EX6.1.4/example6_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ + + +clc; funcprot(0); +clf() +//exapple 6.4 +// Initialization of Variable +//each is increased by five units to make each compatible for graph plotting +Q=[0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1];//flow rate +HeffA=[20.63 19.99 17.80 14.46 10.33 5.71 0 0 0 0 0 ];//Heff of pump A +HeffB=[18 17 14.95 11.90 8.10 3.90 0 0 0 0 0];//Heff of pump B +alpha=1; +h=10.4; +d=0.14; +l=98; +pi=3.1412; +g=9.81; +rho=999; +for i=1:11 + if i==1 then + H_sys(i)=h; + else + + H_sys(i)=h+8*Q(i)^2/pi^2/d^4/g*(1+8*l*0.0396/d*(4*rho*Q(i)/pi/d/mu)^-0.25); +end, +end; +//H_sys is head of the system +disp(H_sys, "the head of system in terms of height of water :"); +plot(Q,H_sys,'r--d'); +plot(Q,HeffA ,'-c'); +plot(Q,HeffB); +//at intersecting point using datatrip b/w H_sys &H_effA +disp(0.03339,"the flow rate at which H_sys takes over HeffA"); + + + diff --git a/1379/CH6/EX6.1.5/example6_5.sce b/1379/CH6/EX6.1.5/example6_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..efd9ca2f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH6/EX6.1.5/example6_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ +
+//example 6.5
+clc; funcprot(0);
+//exapple 6.5
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=1000;
+dc=.15;
+l=7.8;
+g=9.81;
+pi=3.1428;
+atp=105.4*1000;
+vap_pre=10.85*1000;
+sl=.22;
+dp=0.045;
+h=4.6;
+//("x(t)=sl/2*cos(2*pi*N*t)" "the function of displcement");
+//"since we have to maximize the acceleration double derivate the terms");
+//since double derivation have the term cos(kt)
+//finding it maxima
+t=linspace(0,5,100);
+k=1;
+function[m,v]= maximacheckerforcosine()
+h=0.00001;
+a=0.00;
+for i=1:400
+ if (cos(a+h)-cos(a-h))/2*h==0 & cos(i-1)>0 then
+break;
+else
+ a=0.01+a;
+end
+break;
+end
+m=i-1;
+v=cos(i-1);
+endfunction;
+[a, b]= maximacheckerforcosine();
+disp(a,"time t when the acceleration will be maximum(s)");
+//double derivative will result in a square of value of N
+//lets consider its coefficient all will be devoid of N^2
+k=sl/2*(2*pi)^2//accn max of piston
+kp=k*1/4*pi*dc^2/1*4/pi/dp^2;//accn coeff. ofsuction pipe
+f=1/4*pi*dp^2*l*rho*kp;//force exerted by piston
+p=f/1*4/pi/dp^2;//pressure exerted by piston
+//calculation
+o=atp-h*rho*g-vap_pre;
+//constant term of quadratic eqn
+y=poly([o 0 -p],'N', 'coeff')
+a=roots(y);
+disp(abs(a(1,1)),"Maximum frequency of oscillation if cavitation o be avoided(in Hz)");
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/1379/CH6/EX6.1.6/example6_6.sce b/1379/CH6/EX6.1.6/example6_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..154994bb6 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH6/EX6.1.6/example6_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +
+//example 6.6
+clc; funcprot(0);
+//exapple 6.6
+// Initialization of Variable
+rhos=1830;//density of acid
+atp=104.2*1000;//atmospheric pressure
+temp=11+273;//temp in kelvin
+M=28.8/1000;//molar mass of air
+R=8.314;//universal gas constant
+g=9.81;//acceleration of gravity
+pi=3.14;
+d=2.45;//diameter of tank
+l=10.5;//length of tank
+h_s=1.65;//height of surface of acid from below
+effi=0.93//efficiency
+//calculation
+mliq=pi*d^2*l*rhos/4;
+h_atm=atp/rhos/g;//height conversion of atp
+h_r=4.3-1.65;//height difference
+mair=g*h_r*mliq*M/(effi*R*temp*log(h_atm/(h_atm+h_s)));//mass of air
+disp(mair,"mass of air required to lift the sulphuric acid tank");
+disp("The negative sign indicates air is expanding & work done is magnitude of value in kg:");
+m=abs(mair/mliq);
+disp(m, "The mass of air required for per kilo of acid transferred:");
+
diff --git a/1379/CH7/EX7.1.1/example7_1.sce b/1379/CH7/EX7.1.1/example7_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5b8eee7d7 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH7/EX7.1.1/example7_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +
+
+//exapple 7.1
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+mu=1.83/1000;
+rhom=1.355*10000;//density mercury
+K=5;
+g=9.81;
+d=2.5/100;
+pi=3.14;
+thik=2.73/100;
+rho=3100;//density of particles
+Q=250/(12*60+54)/10^6;
+//calculation
+A=pi*d^2/4;
+Vb=A*thik;//volume of bed
+Vp=25.4/rho/1000;//volume of particles
+e=1-Vp/Vb;
+u=Q/A;
+delP=12.5/100*rhom*g;
+S=sqrt(e^3*delP/K/u/thik/mu/(1-e)^2);
+S=round(S/1000)*1000;
+d=6/S;
+disp(d*10^6,"average particle diameter in (x10^-6m)");
+A=pi*d^2/1000/(4/3*pi*d^3/8*rho);
+disp(A*10^4,"surface area per gram of cement (cm^2):")
+
diff --git a/1379/CH7/EX7.1.2/example7_2.sce b/1379/CH7/EX7.1.2/example7_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b793f2281 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH7/EX7.1.2/example7_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +
+
+//exapple 7.2
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+mu=2.5/1000;
+rho=897;
+g=9.81;
+pi=3.1414;
+K=5.1;
+l=6.35/1000;
+d=l;
+hei=24.5+0.65;
+len=24.5;
+dc=2.65;//dia of column
+thik=0.76/1000;
+Vs=pi*d^2/4*l-pi*l/4*(d-2*thik)^2;//volume of each ring
+n=3.023*10^6;
+e=1-Vs*n;
+e=round(e*1000)/1000;
+Surfacearea=pi*d*l+2*pi*d^2/4+pi*(d-2*thik)*l-2*pi*(d-2*thik)^2/4;
+S=Surfacearea/Vs;
+S=round(S);
+delP=hei*g*rho;
+delP=round(delP/100)*100;
+u=e^3*delP/K/S^2/mu/(1-e)^2/len;
+Q=pi*dc^2/4*u;
+disp(Q,"initial volumetric flow rate in (m^3/s):")
diff --git a/1379/CH7/EX7.1.3/example7_3.sce b/1379/CH7/EX7.1.3/example7_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..70e2977c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH7/EX7.1.3/example7_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +
+
+//exapple 7.3
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+dr=2;//dia of column
+mu=2.02/10^5;
+rho=998;
+K=5.1;
+g=9.81;
+Q=10000/3600;
+l=50.8/1000;
+d=l;
+n=5790;
+len=18;
+thik=6.35/1000;
+pi=3.1414;
+//part1
+//calculation
+CA=pi*dr^2/4;//cross sectional area
+u=Q/CA;
+Vs=pi*d^2/4*l-pi*l/4*(d-2*thik)^2;//volume of each ring
+e=1-Vs*n;
+Surfacearea=pi*d*l+2*pi*d^2/4+pi*(d-2*thik)*l-2*pi*(d-2*thik)^2/4;
+S=Surfacearea/Vs;
+S=round(S*10)/10;
+delP=K*S^2/e^3*mu*len*u*(1-e)^2;
+delh=delP/rho/g;
+disp(delh*100,"pressure drop in terms of (cm of H20)")
+
diff --git a/1379/CH8/EX8.1.1/example8_1.sce b/1379/CH8/EX8.1.1/example8_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..33c3c666e --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH8/EX8.1.1/example8_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +
+
+//exapple 8.1
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+//part1
+a=78/1000;//dV/dt
+rho=998;//density of water
+rhoc=2230;//density of china clay
+rhod=1324;//density of cowdung cake
+mu=1.003/1000;
+P2=3.23*1000;//pressure after 2 min.
+P5=6.53*1000;//pressure after 5 min.
+t=30*60;
+b=[P2;P5];
+A=[a^2*120 a;a^2*300 a];
+x=A\b;
+P=x(1,1)*a^2*t+x(2,1)*a;
+disp(P/1000,"pressure drop at t=30min in (kN/m^2):")
+//part2
+J=0.0278;//mass fraction
+l=1.25;
+b1=0.7;
+A1=l*b1*17*2;//area of filtering
+V=a*30*60;//volume of filterate
+e=1-rhod/rhoc;
+nu=J*rho/((1-J)*(1-e)*rhoc-J*e*rho);
+l1=nu*V/A1;
+disp(l1,"the thickness of filtercake formed after 30 min in (m):")
+//part3
+r=x(1,1)/mu/nu*A1^2;
+L=x(2,1)*A1/r/mu;
+disp(L,"thickness of cake required in (m):");
+//part 4
+S=sqrt(r*e^3/5/(1-e)^2);
+d=6/S;
+disp(d*10^6,"average particle diameter in(10^-6m):")
diff --git a/1379/CH8/EX8.1.2/example8_2.sce b/1379/CH8/EX8.1.2/example8_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a3e2eb116 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH8/EX8.1.2/example8_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +
+
+//exapple 8.2
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+P1=5.34*1000;//pressure after 3 min.
+P2=9.31*1000;//pressure after 8 min.
+a=240/1000000;//dV/dt
+P3=15*10^3;//final pressure
+//calculation
+b=[P1;P2];
+A=[a^2*180 a;a^2*480 a];
+x=A\b;
+//part1
+t=(P3-x(2,1)*a)/x(1,1)/a^2;
+disp(t,"time at which the required pressure drop have taken place in (s):");
+//part 2
+V1=a*t;
+disp(V1,"volume of filterate in (m^3):");
+//part 3
+V2=0.75;
+t2=t+x(1,1)/2/P3*(V2^2-V1^2)+x(2,1)/P3*(V2-V1);
+disp(t2,"the time required to collect 750dm^3 of filterate in (s):");
+//part 4
+P4=12*10^3;
+a=P4/(x(1,1)*V2+x(2,1));
+t=10/1000/a;
+disp(t,"time required to pass 10dm^3 volume in (s):")
+
diff --git a/1379/CH8/EX8.1.3/example8_3.sce b/1379/CH8/EX8.1.3/example8_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..cfe171c20 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH8/EX8.1.3/example8_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +
+
+//exapple 8.3
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+a=16/1000;//dV/dt
+J=0.0876;//mass fraction
+rho=999;//density of water
+rhoc=3470;//density of slurry
+mu=1.12/1000;
+rhos=1922;//density of dry filter cake
+t1=3*60;
+t2=8*60;
+V1=33.8/1000;//volume at t1
+V2=33.8/1000+23.25/1000;//volume at t2
+P=12*1000;//pressure difference
+Ap=70^2/10000*2*9;
+As=650/10000;
+//calculation
+b=[t1;t2]
+A=[V1^2/2/P V1/P;V2^2/2/P V2/P];
+x=A\b;
+K1p=x(1,1)*As^2/Ap^2;
+K2p=x(2,1)*As/Ap;
+P2=15*1000;//final pressure drop
+t=(P2-K2p*a)/K1p/a^2;//time for filterate
+V=a*t;//volume of filterate
+e=1-rhos/rhoc;
+nu=J*rho/((1-J)*(1-e)*rhoc-J*e*rho);
+l=(11-1)/200;
+Vf=Ap*l/nu;
+tf=t+K1p/2/P2*(Vf^2-V^2)+K2p/P2*(Vf-V);
+r=K1p/mu/nu*Ap^2;
+L=K2p*Ap/r/mu;
+disp(L,"the thickness of filter which has resistance equal to resistance of filter medium in (m):")
+
diff --git a/1379/CH8/EX8.1.4/example8_4.sce b/1379/CH8/EX8.1.4/example8_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..05edf1a12 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH8/EX8.1.4/example8_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +
+
+//exapple 8.4
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+t1=3*60;//time 3min
+t2=12*60;//time 12min
+t3=5*60;//time 5min
+P=45*1000;//pressure at t1&t2
+P2=85*1000;//pres. at t3
+a=1.86;//area
+mu=1.29/1000;
+c=11.8;
+V1=5.21/1000;//volume at t1
+V2=17.84/1000;//volume at t2
+V3=10.57/1000;//volume at t3
+//calculation
+b=[t1;t2];
+A=[mu*c/2/a^2/P*V1^2 V1/P;mu*c/2/a^2/P*V2^2 V2/P];
+x=A\b;
+r45=x(1,1);
+r85=(t3-x(2,1)*V3/P2)*2*a^2*P2/V3^2/mu/c;
+n=log(r45/r85)/log(45/85);
+rbar=r45/(1-n)/(45*1000)^n;
+r78=rbar*(1-n)*(78*1000)^n;
+//part1
+//polynomial in V as a1x^2+bx+c1=0
+c1=90*60;//time at 90
+Pt=78*1000;//Pt=pressure at time t=90
+r78=round(r78/10^12)*10^12;
+a1=r78*mu/a^2/Pt*c/2;
+b=x(2,1)/Pt;
+y=poly([-c1 b a1],'V1','coeff');
+V1=roots(y);
+disp(V1(2),"Volume at P=90kPa in (m^3):");
+//part2
+Pt=45*1000;
+c1=90*60;
+a1=r45*mu/a^2/Pt*c/2;
+b=x(2,1)/Pt;
+y=poly([-c1 b a1],'V1','coeff');
+V1=roots(y);
+disp(V1(2),"Volume at p=45kPa in (m^3):");
+
diff --git a/1379/CH8/EX8.1.5/example8_5.sce b/1379/CH8/EX8.1.5/example8_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1ea6d5392 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH8/EX8.1.5/example8_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +
+
+//exapple 8.4
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+t=60*0.3/0.5;//time of 1 revollution
+d=34/1000000;
+S=6/d;
+e=0.415;
+J=0.154;
+P=34.8*1000;
+mu=1.17/1000;
+L=2.35/1000;
+rho=999;//density of water
+rhos=4430;//density of barium carbonate
+//calculation
+//part1
+nu=J*rho/((1-J)*(1-e)*rhos-J*e*rho);
+r=5*S^2*(1-e)^2/e^3;
+//quadratic in l
+//in the form of ax^2+bx+c=0
+c=-t;
+b=r*mu*L/nu/P;
+a=r*mu/2/nu/P;
+y=poly([c b a],'l','coeff');
+l=roots(y);
+disp(l(2),"thickness of filter cake in (m):");
+//part2
+d=1.2;
+l1=2.6;
+pi=3.1428;
+u=pi*d*0.5/60;
+Q=u*l1*l(2);
+mnet=Q*(1-e)*rhos+Q*e*rho;
+disp(mnet,"rate at which wet cake will be scrapped in (kg/s):");
+//part3
+md=Q*(1-e)*rhos;//rate at which solid scrapped from the drum
+r=md/0.154;
+disp(r*3600,"rate of which slurry is treated is (kg/h):")
+
diff --git a/1379/CH8/EX8.1.6/example8_6.sce b/1379/CH8/EX8.1.6/example8_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3d516fdd9 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH8/EX8.1.6/example8_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +
+
+//exapple 8.6
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+mu=0.224;
+rho=1328;
+K=5;
+b=3*.5;//radius
+h=2.5;
+pi=3.1428;
+x=2.1*.5;
+rhos=1581;//density of sucrose
+e=0.435;//void ratio
+J=0.097;//mass fraction
+m=3500;//mass flowing
+a=85/10^6;//side length
+L=48/1000;//thickness
+omega=2*pi*325/60;
+//calculation
+bi=b^2-m/pi/h/(1-e)/rhos;//inner radius
+bi=sqrt(bi);
+bi=round(bi*1000)/1000;
+nu=J*rho/((1-J)*(1-e)*rhos-J*e*rho);
+S=6/a;
+r=5*S^2*(1-e)^2/e^3;
+t=((b^2-bi^2)*(1+2*L/b)+2*bi^2*log(bi/b))/(2*nu*rho*omega^2/r/mu*(b^2-x^2));
+disp(t,"time taken to collect sucrose crystal in (s):");
+//part2
+vl=pi*(b^2-bi^2)*h*e;
+vs=pi*(b^2-bi^2)*h/nu-vl;
+disp(vs,"volume of liquid separated as filterate i (m^3):");
+
diff --git a/1379/CH9/EX9.1.1/example9_1.sce b/1379/CH9/EX9.1.1/example9_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..011f27a93 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH9/EX9.1.1/example9_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +
+
+//exapple 9.1
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=1.2;
+mu=1.85/100000;
+pi=3.1428;
+d=3;
+v=50*1000/3600;
+//calculation part 1
+Re=d*rho*v/mu;
+//from chart of drag coeff. vs Re
+Cd=0.2;//coeff. of drag
+Ad=pi*d^2/4;//projected area
+Fd=Ad*Cd*rho*v^2/2;
+disp(Fd , "The drag force on sphere in N");
+//part 2
+v=2;
+l=0.25;
+Re=l*v*rho/mu;
+zi=4*pi*(l^3*3/4/pi)^(2/3)/6/l^2;//sphericity
+//using graph
+Cd=2;
+Ad=l^2;
+Fd=Ad*Cd*rho*v^2/2;
+disp(Fd , "The drag force on cube in N");
+
diff --git a/1379/CH9/EX9.1.2/example9_2.sce b/1379/CH9/EX9.1.2/example9_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3dec8c4c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH9/EX9.1.2/example9_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +
+
+//exapple 9.2
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=1.2;
+mu=1.85/100000;
+pi=3.1428;
+g=9.81;
+d=1.38;
+t=0.1;//thickness
+v=30*1000/3600;
+T=26.2;//Tension
+m=0.51//mass
+theta=60*pi/180;
+//calculation
+Fd=T*cos(theta);
+disp(Fd,"Drag force in N:");
+A=pi*d^2/4;
+Ad=A*cos(theta);//area component to drag
+Cd=2*Fd/Ad/rho/v^2;//coeff of drag
+disp(Cd , "The drag coefficient:")
+Fg=m*g;//force of gravity
+Fb=rho*pi*d^2/4*t*g;//buoyant force
+Fl=Fg-Fb+T*sin(theta);
+disp(Fl , "The lift force in N :");
+Al=A*sin(theta);
+Cl=2*Fl/Al/rho/v^2;
+disp(Cl ,"The coefficient of lift:")
diff --git a/1379/CH9/EX9.1.3/example9_3.sce b/1379/CH9/EX9.1.3/example9_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b66ec9b82 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH9/EX9.1.3/example9_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +
+
+//exapple 9.3
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rhog=1200;//density of glycerol
+mu=1.45;
+pi=3.1428;
+g=9.81;
+rhos=2280;//density of sphere
+v=0.04;//terminal velocity;
+a=2*mu*g*(rhos-rhog)/v^3/3/rhog^2;//a=Cd/2/Re
+//using graph of Cd/2/Re vs Re
+Re=0.32;
+d=Re*mu/v/rhog;
+disp(d , "Diameter of sphere in (m):");
diff --git a/1379/CH9/EX9.1.4/example9_4.sce b/1379/CH9/EX9.1.4/example9_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1485c18e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH9/EX9.1.4/example9_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +
+
+//exapple 9.4
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rhoa=1.218;//density of air
+mu=1.73/100000;
+pi=3.1428;
+g=9.81;
+rhop=2280;//density of polythene
+d=0.0034;//diameter
+a=4*d^3*(rhop-rhoa)*rhoa*g/3/mu^2;//a=Cd*Re^2
+//using graph of Cd*Re^2 vs Re
+Re=2200;
+v=Re*mu/d/rhog;
+disp(v , "The terminal vrlocity in (m/s)");
diff --git a/1379/CH9/EX9.1.5/example9_5.sce b/1379/CH9/EX9.1.5/example9_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7b3009a8a --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH9/EX9.1.5/example9_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +
+
+//exapple 9.2
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+pi=3.1428;
+rho=825;
+mu=1.21;
+g=9.81;
+l=0.02;
+de=0.02;//dia exterior
+di=0.012;//dia interior
+//calculation
+//part 1
+zi=pi*(6*(pi*de^2/4-pi*di^2/4)*l/pi)^(2/3)/(pi*l*(di+de)+2*pi*(de^2/4-di^2/4));
+disp(zi, "sphericity of Raschig ring is:");
+//part 2
+u=0.04;
+ds=0.003//diameter of each sphere
+zi=pi*(6*pi*ds^3/pi)^(2/3)/6/pi/ds^2;//sphericity
+disp(zi, "sphericity of given object is:");
+Ap=4*ds^2-4*3/4*(ds^2-pi*ds^2/4);//projected area
+dp=sqrt(4*Ap/pi);//projected dia
+Re=dp*u*rho/mu;
+disp(Re, "Reynolds no. for the object:");
+//using graph b/w Re and zi and Cd
+Cd=105;//coeff. of drag
+Fd=Ap*Cd*u^2*rho/2;
+disp(Fd,"The drag force on object in (N):")
+
diff --git a/1379/CH9/EX9.1.6/example9_6.sce b/1379/CH9/EX9.1.6/example9_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5c80aeddf --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH9/EX9.1.6/example9_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +
+
+//exapple 9.6
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rho=998;//density of water
+mu=1.25/1000;//viscosity of water
+w=100;//mass of water
+pi=3.1428;
+g=9.81;
+rhog=2280;//density of glass
+wg=60;//mass of glass
+d=45*10^-6;//diameter of glass sphere
+//claculation
+rhom=(w+wg)/(w/rho+wg/rhog);//density of mixure
+e=w/rho/(w/rho+wg/rhog);//volume fraction of watter
+//using charts
+zi=exp(-4.19*(1-e));
+
+K=d*(g*rho*(rhog-rho)*zi^2/mu^2)^(1/3);//stoke's law coeff.
+disp(K);
+if K<3.3 then
+ disp("settling occurs in stoke-s law range");
+ U=g*d^2*e*zi*(rhog-rhom)/18/mu;
+ disp(U,"settling velocity in m/s:")
+else
+ disp("settling does not occurs in stoke-s law range");
+end
diff --git a/1379/CH9/EX9.1.7/example9_7.sce b/1379/CH9/EX9.1.7/example9_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..50f11f30f --- /dev/null +++ b/1379/CH9/EX9.1.7/example9_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +
+
+//exapple 9.7
+clc; funcprot(0);
+// Initialization of Variable
+rhog=1200;//density of glycerol
+mu=1.45;//viscosity of glycerol
+pi=3.1428;
+g=9.81;
+rhos=2280;//density of sphere
+d=8/1000;
+s=0;
+uf=0.8*0.026;
+//calculation
+function[a]=intre()
+ u=linspace(0,uf,1000);
+ for i=1:1000
+ y=((pi/6*d^3*rhos*g-pi*d^3/6*rhog*g-0.5*pi*d^2/4*24*mu/d/rhog*rhog*u(i))/pi*6/d^3/rhos)^(-1)*uf/1000;
+ s=s+y;
+ end
+ a=s;
+endfunction
+[t]=intre();
+disp(t,"Time taken by particle to reach 80% of its velocity in (s):");
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