diff options
Diffstat (limited to '1172')
256 files changed, 2309 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.1/1_1.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.1/1_1.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e2ec76f2a --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.1/1_1.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 1 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ beta= lambda*D/d
+ Separation between sources is 0.110000 cm.
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.1/Example1_1.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.1/Example1_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..83e063133 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.1/Example1_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc //Given that
+Beta=0.10//fringe width in cm
+D=200// separation between source and screen in cm
+lambda=0.00055// wavelength of incident light in cm
+//Sample Problem 1 Page No. 46
+printf ("\n # Problem 1 # \n")
+d= (D*lambda)/ (10*Beta)
+printf (" \n Standard formula used \n beta= lambda*D/d \n")
+
+printf ("\n Separation between sources is %f cm. \n",d)
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.10/1_10.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.10/1_10.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..98ab925e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.10/1_10.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + # Problem 10 #
+Standard formula used
+ 2*mu*t*cos(r) = n*lambda
+
+ The lowest order n = 2 will be absent in visible region.
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.10/Example1_10.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.10/Example1_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4fc0d8dde --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.10/Example1_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+t = 5e-5 // thickness of soap film in cm
+theta = 35 // angle of view in degree
+mu = 1.33 // refractive index of soap film
+// sample problem 10 page No. 50
+printf("\n # Problem 10 # \n")
+a = 0
+printf("Standard formula used \n\t 2*mu*t*cos(r) = n*lambda ")
+r = asin (sin(theta * %pi /180) / mu)
+for n = 1:3
+ lambda = 2 * mu * t * cos(r) / n
+ if lambda > t then
+ a = a + 1
+ end
+end
+printf (" \n\n The lowest order n = %d will be absent in visible region.",a)
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.11/1_11.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.11/1_11.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f3ce3f0b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.11/1_11.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ + # Problem 11 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ beta=lambda*D/d
+
+ Wavelength of light used is 4720 Angstrom.
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.11/Example1_11.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.11/Example1_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ea6d145be --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.11/Example1_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+D=120// separation between source and screen in cm
+d=0.00075// separation between sources in cm
+l=1.888// transverse distance moved by eyepiece in cm
+N=25// order of fringe
+//Sample Problem 11 Page No. 50
+printf("\n # Problem 11 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n beta=lambda*D/d \n")
+lambda=d*l/(D*N)*1e10
+printf("\n Wavelength of light used is %d Angstrom.", lambda)
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.12/1_12.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.12/1_12.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5b1adb62c --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.12/1_12.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +# Problem 12 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ D_a^2 – D_b^2 = 4*p*R*lambda
+
+ Wavelength of light used is 5880 Angstrom.
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.12/Example1_12.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.12/Example1_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a687ee70a --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.12/Example1_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+D15=0.59// diameter of 15th newton’s ring in cm
+D5=0.336// diameter of 5th newton’s ring in cm
+R=100// radius of Plano convex lens in cm
+//Sample Problem 12 Page No. 51
+printf("\n # Problem 12 # \n")
+p=15-5
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n D_a^2 – D_b^2 = 4*p*R*lambda \n")
+
+lambda=(D15^2 - D5^2)/(4*p*R)*1e8
+printf("\n Wavelength of light used is %d Angstrom.", lambda)
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.13/1_13.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.13/1_13.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..901505682 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.13/1_13.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ + # Problem 13 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ (mu – 1 )*t = n* lambda
+
+ Refractive index of oil film is 1.000188 .
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.13/Example1_13.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.13/Example1_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..321915e69 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.13/Example1_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc
+//Given
+t=40// length of tube in cm
+lambda=5e-5// wavelength of incident light in cm
+n=150// order of fringe
+//Sample Problem 13 Page No. 52
+printf("\n # Problem 13 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n (mu – 1 )*t = n* lambda \n")
+t=n*lambda/t+1
+printf("\n Refractive index of oil film is %f .", t)
+
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.14/1_14.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.14/1_14.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4431fb26b --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.14/1_14.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + # Problem 14 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ 2*t = p*lambda
+ Thickness of air film is 0.013000 cm.
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.14/Example1_14.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.14/Example1_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6f8011321 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.14/Example1_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clc
+//Given
+no_fringe = 250 // Number of fringes observed through telescope
+lambda1 = 4e-5// wavelength of incident light in cm
+lambda2 = 6.5e-5 // wavelength of incident light in cm
+
+//Sample Problem 14 Page No. 52
+printf("\n # Problem 14 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n 2*t = p*lambda")
+p = no_fringe * lambda1 / (lambda2- lambda1)
+t = p * lambda2 / 2
+printf("\n Thickness of air film is %f cm. ", t)
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.15/1_15.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.15/1_15.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7419c12c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.15/1_15.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ + # Problem 15 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ 2*mu*t*cos r = (p +0.5)*lambda
+
+ Thickness of oil film is 6731 Angstrom.
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.15/Example1_15.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.15/Example1_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8905b3922 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.15/Example1_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clc
+//Given
+mu_oil=1.3// refractive index of oil
+mu_glass=1.5//refractive index of glass
+lambda1=5e-7// wavelength of incident light in cm
+lambda2=7e-7// wavelength of incident light in cm
+
+//Sample Problem 15 Page No. 52
+printf("\n # Problem 15 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n 2*mu*t*cos r = (p +0.5)*lambda \n")
+p= ((lambda2+lambda1)/ (lambda2-lambda1))/2
+t= ((p+0.5)*lambda1)/ (2*mu_oil)*1e10
+printf("\n Thickness of oil film is %d Angstrom. ",ceil(t))
+
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.16/1_16.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.16/1_16.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..aa328b257 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.16/1_16.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 16 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ D_n= sqrt(2*(2*n-1)*lambda*R
+Diameter of 4th bright fringe is 0.560000 cm.
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.16/Example1_16.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.16/Example1_16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9f23c9516 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.16/Example1_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc
+//Given
+lambda=5.6e-5// wavelength of incident light in cm
+f=4//focal length in meter
+mu=1.5// refractive index of glass\
+n=4// order of fringe
+//Sample Problem 16 Page No. 53
+printf ("\n # Problem 16 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n D_n= sqrt(2*(2*n-1)*lambda*R \n")
+R= (mu-1)*2*f
+D_4=sqrt (2*(2*n-1)*lambda*R*100)
+printf("Diameter of 4th bright fringe is %f cm.",D_4)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.17/1_17.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.17/1_17.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..fd960fcd4 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.17/1_17.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + # Problem 17 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ D_(n+p) ^2 – D_n^2 = 4*p*R*lambda
+
+ Radius of curvature of Plano-convex lens is 99.781096 cm.
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.17/Example1_17.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.17/Example1_17.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1f79e17e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.17/Example1_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given
+D_5=0.336// diameter of fifth ring in cm
+D_15=0.59// diameter of fifteenth ring in cm
+lambda=5.893e-5// wavelength of incident light in cm
+p=10
+//Sample Problem 17 Page No. 53
+printf("\n # Problem 17 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n D_(n+p) ^2 – D_n^2 = 4*p*R*lambda \n")
+r= ((D_15^2-D_5^2)/ (4*p*lambda))
+printf("\n Radius of curvature of Plano-convex lens is %f cm. ",r)
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.18.1/1_18a.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.18.1/1_18a.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c7689323a --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.18.1/1_18a.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 18a #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ r_n^2 = n*lambda*R
+Radius of curvature is 0.105932 m.
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.18.1/Example1_18a.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.18.1/Example1_18a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5ad90898d --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.18.1/Example1_18a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc
+//Given
+D_10=0.5// diameter of 10th dark ring
+lambda=5.9e-5// wavelength of incident light in cm
+n=10// order of ring
+//Sample Problem 18a Page No. 54
+printf("\n # Problem 18a # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n r_n^2 = n*lambda*R \n")
+r=D_10/2
+R=r^2/ (n*lambda)/1000
+printf("Radius of curvature is %f m.\n ",R)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.18.2/1_18b.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.18.2/1_18b.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..597a37dd2 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.18.2/1_18b.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + # Problem 18b #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ 2t = n*lambda
+ Thickness of air film is 2.950000e-06 m.
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.18.2/Example1_18b.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.18.2/Example1_18b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3470710c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.18.2/Example1_18b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+//Given
+lambda=5.9e-5// wavelength of incident light in cm
+n=10// order of ring
+//Sample Problem 18b Page No. 54
+printf("\n # Problem 18b # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n 2t = n*lambda \n")
+t=n*lambda/200
+printf(" Thickness of air film is %e m.\n ",t)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.19/1_19.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.19/1_19.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b6974b908 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.19/1_19.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +# Problem 19 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ D_n^2 = 4*n*lambda*R/mu
+ Radius of curvature of lens is 200 cm.
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.19/Example1_19.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.19/Example1_19.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b5a087c54 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.19/Example1_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clc
+//Given
+mu=4/3
+D_10=0.6// diameter of tenth ring in cm
+lambda=6.0e-5// wavelength of incident light in cm
+n=10// order of ring
+
+//Sample Problem 19 Page No. 54
+printf("\n # Problem 19 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n D_n^2 = 4*n*lambda*R/mu \n")
+R= (mu*D_10^2/ (4*n*lambda))
+
+printf(" Radius of curvature of lens is %d cm.\n ",ceil(R))
+
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.2/1_2.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.2/1_2.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f0c04a184 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.2/1_2.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + # Problem 2 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ x_n= n*lambda*D/d
+
+ Wavelength of light used is 6075 Angstrom
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.2/Example1_2.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.2/Example1_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..09f80e5ca --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.2/Example1_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+D=80// separation between source and screen in cm
+d=0.18// separation between sources in cm
+n=4// order of fringe
+x_n=1.08// distance from central bright fringe in cm
+//Sample Problem 2 Page No. 47
+printf("\n # Problem 2 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n x_n= n*lambda*D/d \n")
+
+lambda=d*x_n/(D*n)*1e7
+printf("\n Wavelength of light used is %d Angstrom.", lambda)
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.20/1_20.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.20/1_20.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..26338e7a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.20/1_20.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 20 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ n*lambda= (a+b)*sin(theta)
+ Wavelength is 4.166667e-05 cm.
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.20/Example1_20.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.20/Example1_20.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b30f20b9a --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.20/Example1_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc
+//Given
+grating_element=6000// lines per centimeter
+theta=30// angle of second order spectral line in degree
+n=2// order
+
+//Sample Problem 20 Page No. 54
+printf("\n # Problem 20 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n n*lambda= (a+b)*sin(theta) \n")
+
+lambda=sin(theta*%pi/180)/(grating_element*n)
+printf(" Wavelength is %e cm.\n",lambda)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.21/1_21.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.21/1_21.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..606823378 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.21/1_21.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +# Problem 21 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ n*lambda= (a+b)*sin(theta)
+ Maximum order n = 3 may be seen in between the given wavelength spectrum.
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.21/Example1_21.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.21/Example1_21.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..04abe75c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.21/Example1_21.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc
+//GivenS
+lambda=6.2e-5// wavelength of monochromatic light in cm
+grating_element= 1/5000// lines per centimeter
+theta=90// angle of second order spectral line in degree
+
+//Sample Problem 21 Page No. 55
+printf("\n # Problem 21 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n n*lambda= (a+b)*sin(theta) \n")
+n=grating_element/lambda
+printf(" Maximum order n = %d may be seen in between the given wavelength spectrum.\n ",n)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.22/1_22.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.22/1_22.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..eff8fc8b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.22/1_22.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 22 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ n*lambda= (a+b)*sin(theta)
+ Dispersive power is 15973.
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.22/Example1_22.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.22/Example1_22.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ff587a7c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.22/Example1_22.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc
+//Given
+lambda=5.5e-5// wavelength of monochromatic light in cm
+grating_element=1/4000// lines per centimeter
+n=3// order of spectrum
+
+//Sample Problem 22 Page No. 55
+printf("\n # Problem 22 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n n*lambda= (a+b)*sin(theta)\n")
+sin_theta=n*lambda/grating_element
+cos_theta=sqrt(1-sin_theta^2)
+disp_pow=n/ (grating_element*cos_theta)
+printf (" Dispersive power is %d. \n ",disp_pow)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.23.1/1_23a.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.23.1/1_23a.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ac1dfaf98 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.23.1/1_23a.txt @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ + # Problem 23a #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ lambda / d_lambda = n*N
+
+ Total number of lines on diffraction grating is 850
+ So
+ Lines will not be resolved in 1 order .
+as 981 lines are required for diffraction
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.23.1/Example1_23a.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.23.1/Example1_23a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0253e0497 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.23.1/Example1_23a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+lambda1=5.89e-5// wavelength in cm
+lambda2=5.896e-5//wavelength in cm
+n=1// for second order spectrum
+t = 2 // width of detraction grating
+grating_element = 425 // no. of lines per cm
+//Sample Problem 23a Page No. 56
+
+printf("\n # Problem 23a # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n lambda / d_lambda = n*N \n")
+total_line = t * grating_element
+printf("\n Total number of lines on diffraction grating is %d \n So",total_line)
+N=lambda1/ (lambda2-lambda1)/n
+if (N > total_line) then
+printf ("\n Lines will not be resolved in %d order .",n)
+printf("\nas %d lines are required for diffraction ", N)
+else printf("\nas %d lines are required for diffraction are. ", N)
+ printf (" Lines will be resolved in %d order", n)
+end
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.23.2/1_23b.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.23.2/1_23b.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..af11bfb89 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.23.2/1_23b.txt @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ + # Problem 23b #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ lambda / d_lambda = n*N
+
+ Total number of lines on diffraction grating 850
+
+ So Lines will be resolved in 2 order
+as 490 lines are required for diffraction are .
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.23.2/Example1_23b.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.23.2/Example1_23b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..20b667891 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.23.2/Example1_23b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+lambda1=5.89e-5// wavelength in cm
+lambda2=5.896e-5//wavelength in cm
+n=2// for second order spectrum
+t = 2 // width of diffraction grating
+grating_element = 425 // no. of lines per cm
+//Sample Problem 23b Page No. 56
+
+printf("\n # Problem 23b # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n lambda / d_lambda = n*N \n")
+total_line = t * grating_element
+printf("\n Total number of lines on diffraction grating %d \n \n So",total_line)
+N=lambda1/ (lambda2-lambda1)/n
+if (N > total_line) then
+printf ("\n ,Lines will not be resolved in %d order.",n)
+printf("\nas %d lines are required for diffraction are ", N)
+else printf (" Lines will be resolved in %d order", n)
+ printf("\nas %d lines are required for diffraction are . ", N)
+end
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.24/1_24.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.24/1_24.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..aa370f35a --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.24/1_24.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 24 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ lambda / d_lambda = n*N
+ Minimum number of lines required is 196.333333 .
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.24/Example1_24.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.24/Example1_24.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ef13738b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.24/Example1_24.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+lambda1=5.89e-5// wavelength in cm
+lambda2=5.896e-5//wavelength in cm
+t=2.5// width of grating in cm
+n=2// for second order spectrum
+//Sample Problem 24 Page No. 56
+
+printf("\n # Problem 24 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n lambda / d_lambda = n*N \n")
+N=lambda1/ (lambda2-lambda1)/n
+grating_element=N/t
+printf(" Minimum number of lines required is %f .\n ",grating_element)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.25/1_25.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.25/1_25.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..fbfeae2a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.25/1_25.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 25 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ lambda / d_lambda = n*N
+ Minimum number of lines required is 491 .
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.25/Example1_25.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.25/Example1_25.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..daf0b5af3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.25/Example1_25.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+a=12e-5// slit width in cm
+lambda1=5.89e-5// wavelength in cm
+lambda2=5.896e-5//wavelength in cm
+n=2// for second order spectrum
+//Sample Problem 25 Page No. 56
+printf("\n # Problem 25 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n lambda / d_lambda = n*N \n\n")
+d_lambda = lambda2-lambda1
+grating_element= lambda1/ (d_lambda*n)
+
+printf(" Minimum number of lines required is %d . \n ", ceil(grating_element))
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.26/1_26.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.26/1_26.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..fa7eb0a03 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.26/1_26.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 26 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ a*sin(theta ) = lambda
+ Half angular width of central bright maxima is 30 degree .
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.26/Example1_26.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.26/Example1_26.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..65b44643c --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.26/Example1_26.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+a = 12e-5 // slit width in cm
+lambda = 6e-5 // wavelength in cm
+//Sample Problem 26 Page No. 57
+printf("\n # Problem 26 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n a*sin(theta ) = lambda \n")
+theta = asin((lambda / a))
+printf(" Half angular width of central bright maxima is %d degree .", ceil (theta * 180 / %pi) )
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.27/1_27.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.27/1_27.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..931fe6c37 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.27/1_27.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 27 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ lambda / d_lambda = n*N”)
+Grating will well resolve two spectral lines.
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.27/Example1_27.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.27/Example1_27.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1d7cf310e --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.27/Example1_27.sce @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+lambda1 = 5.9e-5 // wavelength in cm
+lambda2 = 5.896e-5 //wavelength in cm
+lambda = 5.89e-5 // wavelength in cm
+grating_element = 4000 // lines per cm
+t = 4 // width of grating in cm
+n = 1 // for first order spectrum
+//Sample Problem 27 Page No. 58
+printf("\n # Problem 27 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n lambda / d_lambda = n*Nâ€)\n")
+
+N = t * grating_element
+ Resolv_pow = lambda /(lambda2 - lambda)
+ N = Resolv_pow / n
+
+ if (grating_element > N ) then
+ printf("Grating will well resolve two spectral lines. \n")
+ end
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.28/1_28.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.28/1_28.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e6b6ca242 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.28/1_28.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + # Problem 28 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ a*sin(theta ) = lambda
+
+ Distance between the center and the first fringe is 0.490000 cm.
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.28/Example1_28.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.28/Example1_28.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b8a8cfeb0 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.28/Example1_28.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+aperture=6.4e-3// linear aperture in cm
+lambda=6.24e-5// wavelength in cm
+f=50// separation between lens and screen in cm
+n=1// for first order spectrum
+//Sample Problem 28 Page No. 58
+printf("\n # Problem 28 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n a*sin(theta ) = lambda \n")
+sin_theta=n*lambda/aperture
+d=f*sin_theta
+printf("\n Distance between the center and the first fringe is %f cm.\n",ceil(d*100)/100)
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.29/1_29.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.29/1_29.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..74c6c7cd9 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.29/1_29.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +
+ Standard formula used is
+ lambda= 2t(mu_e-mu_o)
+Thickness of half wave plate of quartz is 3.272222e-03 cm.
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.29/Example1_29.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.29/Example1_29.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3c3dcd310 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.29/Example1_29.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+theta = 60 // angle between plane of vibration of incident beam with optic axis
+
+//Sample Problem 29 Page No. 859
+printf("\n # Problem 29 # \n ")
+printf("Standard formula used is \n I = A^2*cos^2(theta) \n")
+ratio = (tan(theta*%pi /180))^2 // ratio of extraordinary and aordinary intensites
+printf("Ratio of extraordinary and ordinary intensites is %f .", ratio)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.3/1_3.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.3/1_3.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d0f4ab018 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.3/1_3.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 3 #
+
+ Standard formula used beta=lambda*D/d
+
+ Wavelength of light used is 5888 Angstrom.
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.3/Example1_3.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.3/Example1_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d4778114c --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.3/Example1_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+beta=0.0320//fringe width in cm
+D=100// separation between source and screen in cm
+d=0.184// separation between sources in cm
+//Sample Problem 3 Page No. 47
+printf ("\n # Problem 3 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used beta=lambda*D/d \n")
+
+lambda=d*beta/D*1e8
+printf("\n Wavelength of light used is %d Angstrom.",lambda)
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.30/1_30.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.30/1_30.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..03033b9b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.30/1_30.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +# Problem 30 #
+ standard formula used is
+ lambda= 2t (mu_e-mu_o)
+Thickness of half wave plate of quartz is 3.272222e-03 cm
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.30/Example1_30.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.30/Example1_30.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f51221ee8 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.30/Example1_30.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+mu_e = 1.553 // refractive index of quartz plate for extra ordinary light
+mu_o = 1.544 // refractive index of quartz plate for ordinary light
+lambda = 5.89e-5 // wavelength of light in Angstrom.
+//Sample Problem 30 Page No. 859
+printf("\n # Problem 30 # \n ")
+printf("Standard formula used is \n lambda= 2t(mu_e-mu_o) \n")
+t = lambda / (2 * (mu_e - mu_o))
+printf("Thickness of half wave plate of quartz is %e cm.", t)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.31/1_31.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.31/1_31.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3e0306bac --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.31/1_31.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 31 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ lambda= 2t (mu_e-mu_o)
+Thickness of half wave plate of quartz is 2.252252e-03 cm
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.31/Example1_31.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.31/Example1_31.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6812e3a98 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.31/Example1_31.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+lambda=5e-5// wavelength in cm
+mu_e=1.5533// refractive index for extraordinary light
+mu_o=1.5422// refractive index for ordinary light
+//Sample Problem 31 Page No. 59
+printf ("\n # Problem 31 # \n ")
+printf (" \n Standard formula used \n lambda= 2t (mu_e-mu_o)\n")
+t=lambda/ (2*(mu_e-mu_o)) // calculation of Thickness of half wave plate of quartz
+printf ("Thickness of half wave plate of quartz is %e cm", t)
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.32/1_32.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.32/1_32.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8587a6bc7 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.32/1_32.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 32 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ delta=pi*d*del_mu/lambda
+Difference in refractive indices of substance is 3.272222e-06 .
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.32/Example1_32.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.32/Example1_32.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e204bc8d7 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.32/Example1_32.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+lambda=5.89e-5// wavelength in cm
+rotation=(%pi/18)// rotation of plane of polarization in degree per cm
+
+//Sample Problem 32 Page No. 60
+printf("\n # Problem 32 # \n ")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n delta=pi*d*del_mu/lambda \n")
+del_mu=rotation*lambda/ (%pi)
+printf("Difference in refractive indices of substance is %e .\n",del_mu)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.33/1_33.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.33/1_33.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..37ca89f4f --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.33/1_33.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 33 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ delta=pi*d*del_mu/lambda
+Specific rotation of sample is 66 degree.
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.33/Example1_33.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.33/Example1_33.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..39e8e534a --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.33/Example1_33.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+rotation=13.2// in degree
+conc=0.1// gram per cubic cm
+l=2// length of tube in dm
+//Sample Problem 33 Page No. 60
+printf("\n # Problem 33 # \n ")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n delta=pi*d*del_mu/lambda \n")
+s= (rotation*(%pi/180))/ (l*conc)
+specific_rotation=s*180/%pi
+printf("Specific rotation of sample is %d degree. \n",specific_rotation)
+
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.4/1_4.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.4/1_4.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..66940cba2 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.4/1_4.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + # Problem 5 #
+
+ Standerd formula used
+ beta= lambda*D/d
+
+ Wavelength of light used is 5953 Angstrom.
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.4/Example1_4.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.4/Example1_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ca3ddcb82 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.4/Example1_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+beta=0.02//fringe width in cm
+D=100// separation between source and screen in cm
+u=30// separation between slit and convex lens in cm
+I=0.7// separation between two images of slits on screen in cm
+//Sample Problem4 Page No. 47
+printf("\n # Problem 4 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n beta=lambda*D/d \n")
+
+v=100-u
+O=I*u/v
+d=O
+lambda=d*beta/D*1e8
+printf("\n Wavelength of light used is %d Angstrom.", lambda)
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.5/1_5.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.5/1_5.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..66940cba2 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.5/1_5.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + # Problem 5 #
+
+ Standerd formula used
+ beta= lambda*D/d
+
+ Wavelength of light used is 5953 Angstrom.
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.5/Example1_5.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.5/Example1_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4f9e5b911 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.5/Example1_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+x_n=1.88// fringe separation of nth fringe from central fringe in cm
+N=20// order of fringe
+beta=0.02//fringe width in cm
+D=120// separation between source and eyepiece in cm
+d=0.076// separation between sources in cm
+//Sample Problem 5 Page No. 47
+printf ("\n # Problem 5 # \n")
+printf (" \n Standard formula used \n beta= lambda*D/d \n")
+beta=x_n/N // calculation of angle formed
+lambda=d*beta/D*1e8 // calculation of Wavelength of light
+printf ("\n Wavelength of light used is %d Angstrom.", lambda)
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.6/1_6.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.6/1_6.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c7f35923c --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.6/1_6.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +# Problem 6 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ Beta = (D * lambda) / d
+ Fringe width observed at distance 1 meter is 0.037141 m
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.6/Example1_6.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.6/Example1_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d6011238b --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.6/Example1_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+mu = 1.5 // refractive index of plane glass prism
+theta = %pi / 180 // angle of prism
+y1 = 10 // separation between slit and biprism in cm
+y2 = 100 //separation sbetween biprism and screen in cm
+lambda = 0.00005893// wavelength of incident light in cm
+//Sample Problem 6 Page No. 48
+printf("\n # Problem 6 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n Beta = (D * lambda) / d")
+d = 2 * ( mu -1) * theta * y1
+D = y1 + y2
+Beta = (D * lambda) / d
+printf("\n Fringe width observed at distance 1 meter is %f m", Beta)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.7/1_7.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.7/1_7.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0c675f334 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.7/1_7.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +# Problem 7 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ beta= lambda*D/d.
+
+ Vertex angle of biprism is 177.575948 degree.
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.7/Example1_7.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.7/Example1_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9658a20dd --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.7/Example1_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+mu=1.52// refractive index of plane glass prism
+theta=%pi/180// angle of prism
+y1=25// separation between slit and biprism in cm
+y2=175//separation between biprism and screen in cm
+lambda=0.000055// wavelength of incident light in cm
+beta=0.02//fringe width in cm
+//Sample Problem 7 Page No. 49
+printf("\n # Problem 7 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n beta= lambda*D/d. \n")
+D=y1+y2
+d= (D*lambda)/beta
+theta=d/(2*(mu-1)*y1)
+vertex_angle=180-(2*theta*180/%pi)
+printf("\n Vertex angle of biprism is %f degree.",vertex_angle)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.8/1_8.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.8/1_8.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1b066037e --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.8/1_8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ + # Problem 8 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ del_x = D/2d *(mu-1)*t
+
+ Thickness of sheet is 1.472500e-03 cm.
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.8/Example1_8.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.8/Example1_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..10e759a2b --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.8/Example1_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+mu=1.60// refractive index of plane glass prism
+lambda=0.0000589// wavelength of incident light in cm
+N=15// order of fringe
+//Sample Problem 8 Page No. 49
+printf("\n # Problem 8 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n del_x = D/2d *(mu-1)*t \n")
+t=N*lambda/(mu-1)
+printf("\n Thickness of sheet is %e cm.", t)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.9/1_9.txt b/1172/CH1/EX1.9/1_9.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..152ccdf13 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.9/1_9.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ + # Problem 9 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ (mu – 1 )*t = n* lambda
+
+ Refractive index of sheet is 1.628571 .
+
diff --git a/1172/CH1/EX1.9/Example1_9.sce b/1172/CH1/EX1.9/Example1_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d341aac5f --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH1/EX1.9/Example1_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+t=0.00035// thickness of glass sheet in cm
+lambda=0.000055// wavelength of incident light in cm
+N=4// order of fringe
+//Sample Problem 9 Page No. 50
+printf("\n # Problem 9 # \n")
+printf(" \n Standard formula used \n (mu – 1 )*t = n* lambda \n")
+mu=N*lambda/t+1
+printf("\n Refractive index of sheet is %f .", mu)
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.10/2_10.txt b/1172/CH2/EX2.10/2_10.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..82e7c646d --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.10/2_10.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + # Problem 10 #
+ Charge contained in sphere is 4.448495e-11 C
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.10/Example2_10.sce b/1172/CH2/EX2.10/Example2_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2a3f1d2e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.10/Example2_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+A = 200 // magnitude of electric field in V/m^2
+epsilon_0 = 8.85e-12 // permittivity of free space
+a = 20 // radius of sphere in cm
+//Sample Problem 10Page No. 84
+printf("\n # Problem 10 # \n ")
+q = 4*%pi * epsilon_0*A*(a*1e-2)^3 //calculation of Charge contained in sphere
+ printf("Charge contained in sphere is %e C. \n", q)
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.11/2_11.txt b/1172/CH2/EX2.11/2_11.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1051bfdd0 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.11/2_11.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + # Problem 11 #
+ Current induced due to changing magnetic field is 0.251327 A
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.11/Example2_11.sce b/1172/CH2/EX2.11/Example2_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..21b9fa0c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.11/Example2_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+B = 0.2 // magnetic field in T
+del_r = 1 // rate of change of decrement in loop radius in cm/s
+r = 20 // radius of frame in cm
+R = 10 // resistance of frame in m ohm
+//Sample Problem 11 Page No. 84
+printf("\n # Problem 11 # \n ")
+e = 2* %pi * B *r *1e-2* del_r*1e-2 // magnitude of emf induced in coil
+i = (e) / (R*1e-3) //calculation of Current induced due to changing magnetic field
+ printf("Current induced due to changing magnetic field is %f A \n", i)
+
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.12/2_12.txt b/1172/CH2/EX2.12/2_12.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..dd8126940 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.12/2_12.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + # Problem 12 #
+ Current induced due to changing magnetic field is 12.566371 mA
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.12/Example2_12.sce b/1172/CH2/EX2.12/Example2_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8815b7af9 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.12/Example2_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+phi = 0.02 // rate of change of magnetic field in T/s
+r = 2 // radius of frame in cm
+R = 2 // resistance of frame in m ohm
+//Sample Problem 12 Page No. 85
+printf("\n # Problem 12 # \n ")
+a = %pi * (r*1e-2)^2
+e = a * phi // magnitude of emf induced in coil
+i = (e) / (R*1e-3)
+ printf("Current induced due to changing magnetic field is %f mA \n", i*1000)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.13/2_13.txt b/1172/CH2/EX2.13/2_13.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c72dddf58 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.13/2_13.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + # Problem 13 #
+ Pressure applied by sun radiations on earth is 6.171314e+07 W/m^2
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.13/Example2_13.sce b/1172/CH2/EX2.13/Example2_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..406ad240c --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.13/Example2_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+r = 7e8 // radius sun in meter
+power_sun = 3.8e26// power radiated by sun in W
+//Sample Problem 13 Page No. 86
+printf("\n # Problem 13 # \n ")
+s = power_sun /(4 * %pi * (r^2)) //calculation of Pressure applied by sun radiations on earth
+ printf("Pressure applied by sun radiations on earth is %e W/m^2 \n", s)
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.14/2_14.txt b/1172/CH2/EX2.14/2_14.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..268275ad3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.14/2_14.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +
+ # Problem 14 #
+ Amplitude of electrical and magnetic vectors are given as 1027.170320 V/m and 2.725935 A/m
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.14/Example2_14.sce b/1172/CH2/EX2.14/Example2_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..401450f2a --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.14/Example2_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+solar_const = 2 // energy received by earth from sun in Cal/min cm2
+mu_not = 1.2566e-6 // universal constant
+epsilon_not = 8.85e-12 // universal constant
+//Sample Problem 14 Page No. 86
+printf("\n # Problem 14 # \n ")
+ratio = sqrt(mu_not / epsilon_not) // constant
+E = sqrt (ratio *4.2 * solar_const / 6e-3)
+E_not = E * sqrt(2) //calculation of Amplitude of electric vectors
+H_not = E_not / ratio//calculation of Amplitude of magnetic vectors
+ printf("Amplitude of electrical and magnetic vectors are given as %f V/m and %f A/m",E_not,H_not)
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.15/2_15.txt b/1172/CH2/EX2.15/2_15.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..31ef83375 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.15/2_15.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + # Problem 15 #
+ Average value of intensity of electric field is 54.759379 V/m
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.15/Example2_15.sce b/1172/CH2/EX2.15/Example2_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..094237935 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.15/Example2_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+r = 1 // distance from lamp in meter
+power = 100// power radiated by lamp in W
+mu_not = 1.2566e-6 // universal constant
+epsilon_not = 8.85e-12 // universal constant
+//Sample Problem 15 Page No. 87
+printf("\n # Problem 15 # \n ")
+s = power /(4 * %pi * (r^2)) //calculation of intensity at a distance
+ratio = sqrt(mu_not / epsilon_not) //calculation of a constant
+E = sqrt (ratio * s) //calculation of Average value of intensity of electric field
+ printf("Average value of intensity of electric field is %f V/m \n", E)
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.2/2_2.txt b/1172/CH2/EX2.2/2_2.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5f23edf99 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.2/2_2.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ + # Problem 2 #
+ Energy contained in cylinder is 5.531250e-12J
+Intensity of wave is 3.318750W/m^2
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.2/Example2_2.sce b/1172/CH2/EX2.2/Example2_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..382999a8b --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.2/Example2_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+E_0 = 50 // magnitude of electric field in N/C
+l = 100 // radius of cylinder in cm
+a = 5 // area of cross section in cm^2
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+epsilon_0 = 8.85e-12 // permittivity of free space
+//Sample Problem 2 Page No. 79
+printf("\n # Problem 2 # \n ")
+v = a*1e-4 *l*1e-2//calculation of volume of cylinder
+u = (1/2)*epsilon_0*E_0^2//calculation of energy intensity
+U = v*u//calculation of Energy contained in cylinder
+I = u*c//calculation of Intensity of wave
+ printf("Energy contained in cylinder is %eJ \n", U)
+printf("Intensity of wave is %fW/m^2", I)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.3/2_3.txt b/1172/CH2/EX2.3/2_3.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7366904ca --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.3/2_3.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + # Problem 3 #
+ Amplitude of electric field is 42.519520 N/C
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.3/Example2_3.sce b/1172/CH2/EX2.3/Example2_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0309c1d9c --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.3/Example2_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+I = 2.4 // intensity of radiation in Watt per meter square
+epsilon_0 = 8.85e-12
+c = 3e8
+//Sample Problem 3 Page No. 80
+printf("\n # Problem 3 # \n ")
+E = sqrt ((2* I)/ (c * epsilon_0)) // calculation of amplitude of electric field is
+printf("Amplitude of electric field is %f N/C \n", E)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.4/2_4.txt b/1172/CH2/EX2.4/2_4.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..469a69a0d --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.4/2_4.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + # Problem 4 #
+ Energy stored in given length is 1.500000e-14 J
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.4/Example2_4.sce b/1172/CH2/EX2.4/Example2_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e43c4a493 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.4/Example2_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+l = 75 // length of laser beam in cm
+power = 6e-3 // power of beam in mW
+c = 3e8
+//Sample Problem 4 Page No. 80
+printf("\n # Problem 4 # \n ")
+t = l / ( c * 100) //calculation of time taken to cover distance
+U = power/1000 * t//calculation of Energy stored in given length
+ printf("Energy stored in given length is %e J \n", U)
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.6/2_6.txt b/1172/CH2/EX2.6/2_6.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6d0316658 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.6/2_6.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ + # Problem 6 #
+ The maximum electric force on electron is 4.800000e-17 N along y -axis
+The maximum magnetic force on electron is 3.200000e-17 N along z - axis
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.6/Example2_6.sce b/1172/CH2/EX2.6/Example2_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e4be80321 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.6/Example2_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+E_0 = 300 // maximum electric field in electromagnetic wave in w/m
+v = 2e8 // speed of moving electron in m/s along y - axis
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+q = 1.6e-19 // charge on electron in coulomb
+//Sample Problem 6 Page No. 81
+printf ("\n # Problem 6 # \n ")
+B_0 = E_0 / c // calculation of magnitude of maximum magnetic field
+F_e = q*E_0 // calculation of electromagnetic force on electron in N
+F_b = q*v*B_0 // calculation of magnetic force on electron in N
+ printf ("The maximum electric force on electron is %e N along y -axis \n", F_e)
+ printf("The maximum magnetic force on electron is %e N along z - axis\n", F_b)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.7/2_7.txt b/1172/CH2/EX2.7/2_7.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1f59bee70 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.7/2_7.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ + # Problem 7 #
+ Energy received per unit surface area per unit time is 1343.975075
+ Pressure applied by sun radiations on earth is 4.479917e-06 N/m^2
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.7/Example2_7.sce b/1172/CH2/EX2.7/Example2_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..aec1a6112 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.7/Example2_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+d = 1.5e11 // separation between earth and sun in meter
+power_sun = 3.8e26// power radiated by sun in W
+c = 3e8
+//Sample Problem 7 Page No. 82
+printf("\n # Problem 7 # \n ")
+s = power_sun /(4 * %pi * (d^2)) //calculation of Energy received per unit surface area per unit time
+p = s / c // calculation of Pressure applied by sun radiations on earth
+printf("Energy received per unit surface area per unit time is %f", s)
+ printf("\n Pressure applied by sun radiations on earth is %e N/m^2 \n", p)
+
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.8/2_8.txt b/1172/CH2/EX2.8/2_8.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f1ccf6557 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.8/2_8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + # Problem 8 #
+ Flux through coil is 1 Nm/C
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.8/Example2_8.sce b/1172/CH2/EX2.8/Example2_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5167ba566 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.8/Example2_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+E = 100 // magnitude of electric field perpendicular to X axis in N/C
+r = 10 // radius of circle in cm
+//Sample Problem 8 Page No. 83
+printf("\n # Problem 8 # \n ")
+ds = (r*1e-2)^2 //calculation of area of coil
+phi = E*ds //calculation of Flux through coil
+ printf("Flux through coil is %d Nm/C \n", phi)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.9/2_9.txt b/1172/CH2/EX2.9/2_9.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..cf41924cb --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.9/2_9.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 9 #
+ standard formula used
+ phi = sigma*A*cos(theta)/(2*epsilon_0)
+
+Flux through coil is 1.774911e+03 Nm^2/C.
diff --git a/1172/CH2/EX2.9/Example2_9.sce b/1172/CH2/EX2.9/Example2_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e0784f89c --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH2/EX2.9/Example2_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+// Given That
+sigma = 2e-6 // surface charge density in c/m^2 on XY plane
+theta = 60 // angle between normal and X axis on degree
+r = 10 // radius of circle in cm
+epsilon_0 = 8.85e-12 // permitivity of free space
+//Sample Problem 9 Page No. 84
+printf("\n # Problem 9 # \n ")
+printf("standard formula used \n phi = sigma*A*cos(theta)/(2*epsilon_0) \n\n")
+phi = sigma* %pi*(r*1e-2)^2 * cos (theta*%pi/180) / (2*epsilon_0) //calculation of Flux through coil
+ printf("Flux through coil is %e Nm^2/C. \n", phi)
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.1/3_1.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.1/3_1.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1c827e44e --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.1/3_1.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +
+ # Problem 1 #
+Standard formula Used
+ ( 1/2)*m*v^2 = h*nu - phi
+ Maximum velocity of photoelectron can be 1.211060e+06 m/s..
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.1/Example3_1.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.1/Example3_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..dab903feb --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.1/Example3_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+h = 6.6e-34 // plank's constant
+nu = 2e15 // frequency in Hz
+phi = 6.72e-19
+m = 9e-31
+//Sample Problem 1 Page No. 135
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 1 # \n")
+printf("Standard formula Used \n ( 1/2)*m*v^2 = h*nu - phi")
+v = sqrt ((h * nu)/ m ) //calculation of maximum velocity of photoelectron
+printf("\n Maximum velocity of photoelectron can be %e m/s.. ", v)
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.10.1/3_10a.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.10.1/3_10a.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..cde67caf9 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.10.1/3_10a.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 10 a #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ 2 * d * sin(theta) = n * lambda
+ Separation between adjacent layers of crystals is 2.983165 angstrom.
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.10.1/Example3_10a.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.10.1/Example3_10a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..01cdabbb5 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.10.1/Example3_10a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+lambda = 0.52 // wavelength in angstrom
+theta = 5 // in degree
+n = 1 // order of brags reflection
+//Sample Problem 10 a Page No. 139
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 10 a # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n 2 * d * sin(theta) = n * lambda ")
+d = n * lambda / (2 * sin (theta * %pi / 180))
+//calculation of separation between adjacent layers of crystals
+printf ("\n Separation between adjacent layers of crystals is %f angstrom. ", d)
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.10.2/3_10b.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.10.2/3_10b.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f6ea9e9e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.10.2/3_10b.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 10b #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ 2 * d * sin(theta) = n * lambda
+ Angle for secondary maxima is 10.
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.10.2/Example3_10b.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.10.2/Example3_10b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..585b9c0cb --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.10.2/Example3_10b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+n = 2 // order
+lambda = 5.2e-11 // wavelength in Angstrom
+d = 2.98e-10 // interatomic separation in Angstrom
+//Sample Problem 10b page No. 139
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 10b # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n 2 * d * sin(theta) = n * lambda ")
+theta_rad = asin ( (n * lambda) / ( 2 * d)) //calculation of angle for secondary maxima in radian
+theta_deg = theta_rad * 180 / %pi //calculation of angle for secondary maxima in degree
+printf ("\n Angle for secondary maxima is %d. ", theta_deg )
+
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.11/3_11.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.11/3_11.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..64981fe94 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.11/3_11.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +# Problem 11 #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ delta_lambda = h * (1 - cos (theta )) / ( m_e * c)
+ Frequency after scattering is 2.541919e+19 Hz.
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.11/Example3_11.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.11/Example3_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..65ef169d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.11/Example3_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+nu = 3.2e19 // frequency in hartz
+theta = 90 // angle of scattered photon in degree
+m_e = 9.1e-31 // mass of electron in Kg
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+h = 6.626e-34 // plank's constant
+//Sample Problem 11 Page No. 140
+printf("\n \n\n# Problem 11 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n delta_lambda = h * (1 - cos (theta )) / ( m_e * c)")
+lambda = c / nu//calculation of incident wavelength
+lambda_shift = h *(1 - cos(theta * %pi / 180))/ ( m_e * c) //calculation of shift in wavelength
+lambda1 = lambda + lambda_shift//calculation of wavelength of scattered photon
+nu1 = c / lambda1//calculation of Frequency after scattering
+printf ("\n Frequency after scattering is %e Hz. ", nu1)
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.12/3_12.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.12/3_12.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9c058fa4f --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.12/3_12.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +# Problem 12 #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ delta_p * delta_x >= h /(2*pi)
+ Uncertainty in momentum is 5.272803e-21 Kg-m/s.
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.12/Example3_12.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.12/Example3_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0fe6556db --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.12/Example3_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+r = 1e-14 // radius of nucleus of atom in meter
+h = 6.626e-34 // Plank's constant
+//Sample Problem 12 page No. 140
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 12 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n delta_p * delta_x >= h /(2*pi)")
+del_x = 2 * r //calculation of Uncertainty in position
+del_p = h / (2 * %pi * del_x) //calculation of Uncertainty in momentum
+printf ("\n Uncertainty in momentum is %e Kg-m/s. ", del_p )
+
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.13/3_13.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.13/3_13.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d871334ab --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.13/3_13.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 13 #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ delta_p * delta_x >= h /(2*pi)
+ Uncertainty in position of electron is 1.923851 mm.
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.13/Example3_13.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.13/Example3_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..cb830a6c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.13/Example3_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+v = 300 // speed of electron in m/s
+accuracy = 1e-4 // accuracy in speed
+h = 6.6e-34 // Plank's constant
+m_e = 9.1e-31 // mass of electron in Kg
+//Sample Problem 13 page No. 140
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 13 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n delta_p * delta_x >= h /(2*pi)")
+del_p = accuracy * m_e * v //calculation of Uncertainty in momentum
+del_x = h / (4 * %pi * del_p) //calculation of Uncertainty in position
+printf ("\n Uncertainty in position of electron is %f mm. ", del_x*1000 )
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.14/3_14.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.14/3_14.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..fd28e4800 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.14/3_14.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ + # Problem 14 #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+
+ For Balmer Series
+ 1/lambda = R*(1-(1/n)^2)
+
+ For Lyman series
+ 1/lambda = R*((1/2)^2 -(1/n)^2)
+
+Wavelength of first line of Lyman series is 1214.814815 Angstrom.
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.14/Example3_14.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.14/Example3_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9c3653a2b --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.14/Example3_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+lambda1 = 6560 // wavelength in Angstrom
+n1 = 1 // transition state no
+n2 = 2 // transition state no
+n3 = 3 // transition state no.
+//Sample Problem 14 page No. 141
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 14 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n\n For Balmer Series \n 1/lambda = R*(1-(1/n)^2) \n\n For Lyman series \n 1/lambda = R*((1/2)^2 -(1/n)^2)")
+lambda2 = (n2^2 * n1^2) *(n3^2 - n2^2) /( (n2^2 - n1^2) * (n3^2 * n2^2)) * lambda1 //calculation of Wavelength of first line of Lyman series
+printf ("\n \nWavelength of first line of Lyman series is %f Angstrom. ", lambda2 )
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.15/3_15.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.15/3_15.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..537c797fd --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.15/3_15.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +
+ # Problem 15 #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ f = sqrt(k / m )
+ U = 1/2* h * nu
+ Zero point energy of a linear harmonic oscillator is 1.174408e-32 J.
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.15/Example3_15.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.15/Example3_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0f4573ed3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.15/Example3_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+m = 2e-3 // mass of linear harmonic oscillator in kg
+k = 100 // spring constant in N/m
+h = 6.6e-34 // Plank's constant
+//Sample Problem 15 page No. 142
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 15 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n f = sqrt(k / m ) \n U = 1/2* h * nu ")
+ nu = sqrt(k / m ) / (2 * %pi) //calculation of frequency of linear harmonic oscillator
+U = 1/2* h * nu //calculation of Zero point energy of a linear harmonic oscillator
+printf ("\n Zero point energy of a linear harmonic oscillator is %e J.", U )
+
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.16.1/3_16a.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.16.1/3_16a.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d908530d0 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.16.1/3_16a.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +
+ # Problem 16a #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ For Lyman series 1/lambda = R*((1/2) ^2 - (1/n) ^2)
+ Wavelength of first line of Lyman series is 1215.436038 Angstrom.
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.16.1/Example3_16a.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.16.1/Example3_16a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..93ba623b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.16.1/Example3_16a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+R = 1.097 // Rydberg’s constant
+n1 = 1 // transition state no
+n2 = 2 // transition state no
+//Sample Problem 16a page No. 142
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 16a # \n")
+printf ("\n Standard formula Used \n For Lyman series 1/lambda = R*((1/2) ^2 - (1/n) ^2)")
+nu1 = R * (n2^2 - n1^2) / (n1^2 * n2^2) //calculation of frequency of first line of Lyman series
+lambda1 = 1/ nu1//calculation of Wavelength of first line of Lyman series
+printf ("\n Wavelength of first line of Lyman series is %f Angstrom. ", lambda1 *1000)
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.16.2/3_16b.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.16.2/3_16b.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ce00d1377 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.16.2/3_16b.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 16b #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ For Lyman series 1/lambda = R*((1/2)^2 -(1/n)^2)
+ Wavelength of first line of Lyman series is 1025 Angstrom.
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.16.2/Example3_16b.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.16.2/Example3_16b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4151748f2 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.16.2/Example3_16b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+R = 1.097 // Rydberg’s constant
+n1 = 1 // transition state no
+n2 = 3 // transition state no
+//Sample Problem 16b page No. 142
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 16b # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n For Lyman series 1/lambda = R*((1/2)^2 -(1/n)^2)")
+nu1 = R * (n2^2 - n1^2) / (n1^2 * n2^2) //calculation of frequency of first line of Lyman series
+lambda1 = 1/ nu1 //calculation of Wavelength of first line of Lyman series
+printf ("\n Wavelength of second line of Lyman series is %d Angstrom. ", lambda1 *1000 )
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.17/3_17.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.17/3_17.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..dd82ea421 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.17/3_17.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +
+ # Problem 17 #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ lambda * T = constant
+ Blackbody will emit wavelength 1.4e-5 cm at 20727 K.
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.17/Example3_17.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.17/Example3_17.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2a70104c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.17/Example3_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+lambda1 = 4700 // wavelength in Angstrom
+lambda2 = 1.4e-5//wavelength in cm
+temp1 = 6174 // temperature of a black of in kelvin
+//Sample Problem 17 page No. 143
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 17 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n lambda * T = constant")
+temp2 = lambda1 * temp1 / (lambda2 * 1e8) //calculation of temperature
+printf ("\n Blackbody will emit wavelength 1.4e-5 cm at %d K.", temp2 )
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.19.1/3_19a.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.19.1/3_19a.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c97198940 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.19.1/3_19a.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +
+ # Problem 19a #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ delta_lambda = h * (1 - cos (theta )) / ( m_e * c)
+ Change in frequency is 0.024259 Hz.
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.19.1/Example3_19a.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.19.1/Example3_19a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d691e25fa --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.19.1/Example3_19a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+lambda = 1 // wavelength in Angstrom
+theta = 90 // angle of scattered photon in degree
+m_e = 9.11e-31 // mass of electron in Kg
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+h = 6.63e-34 // plank's constant
+//Sample Problem 19a page No. 144
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 19a # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n delta_lambda = h * (1 - cos (theta )) / ( m_e * c)")
+lambda_shift = h *(1 - cos(theta * %pi / 180))/ ( m_e * c) //calculation of Change in frequency
+printf ("\n Change in frequency is %f Hz. ", lambda_shift * 1e10)
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.19.2/3_19b.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.19.2/3_19b.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..77aa036a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.19.2/3_19b.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 19b #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ E= h *(nu1 – nu2)
+ Kinetic energy imparted to recoiling electron is 294 eV.
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.19.2/Example3_19b.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.19.2/Example3_19b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4a5ce27ba --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.19.2/Example3_19b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+lambda1 = 1 // wavelength in Angstrom
+lambda2 = 1.0243 // wavelength in Angstrom
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+h = 6.63e-34 // plank's constant
+//Sample Problem 19b page No. 144
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 19b # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n E= h *(nu1 – nu2)")
+K = h * c * (( lambda2 - lambda1 )/ (lambda1 * lambda2 )) *(10e9 / 1.6e-19) //calculation of Kinetic energy imparted to recoiling
+printf ("\n Kinetic energy imparted to recoiling electron is %d eV.", K)
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.2/3_2.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.2/3_2.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..fff0eefec --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.2/3_2.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 2 #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ E = h * (nu1 – nu2)
+ Energy of photoelectrons emitted is 1.031250 eV
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.2/Example3_2.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.2/Example3_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..66e00d4e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.2/Example3_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+h = 6.6e-34 // plank's constant
+lambda_threshold = 2.4e-7 // threshold wavelength in cm
+lambda = 2e-7 // wavelength of irradicated light in photo emmission
+c = 3e8
+//Sample Problem 2 Page No. 135
+printf("\n # Problem 2 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n E = h * (nu1 – nu2)")
+E = h * c * ((lambda_threshold - lambda)/(lambda *lambda_threshold))/1.6e-19 // calculation of nergy of photoelectrons
+printf("\n Energy of photoelectrons emitted is %f eV", E)
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.20/3_20.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.20/3_20.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4252d9539 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.20/3_20.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 20 #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ delta_lambda = h * (1 - cos (theta )) / ( m_e * c)
+ wavelength of scattered photon is 1.049186e-03 Angstrom.
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.20/Example3_20.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.20/Example3_20.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..938d91570 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.20/Example3_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+theta = 90 // angle of scattered photon in degree
+E_rest = 938.3 // rest mass energy of a proton in MeV
+E = 12// energy of scattered proton in Mev
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+h = 6.63e-34 // plank's constant
+//Sample Problem 20 page No. 145
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 20 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n delta_lambda = h * (1 - cos (theta )) / ( m_e * c)")
+lambda = h * c / ( E * 1.6e-13) //calculation of incident wavelength
+lambda1 = lambda + h * c / (E_rest * 1.6e-13) //calculation of wavelength of scattered photon
+printf ("\n wavelength of scattered photon is %e Angstrom. ", lambda1 * 1e10)
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.21/3_21.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.21/3_21.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..58e7b0b6c --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.21/3_21.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 21 #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ sqrt(nu1)= a*(Z-b)
+ The unknown substance has atomic number 47.
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.21/Example3_21.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.21/Example3_21.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..dc3334cc6 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.21/Example3_21.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+lambda1 = 1.321 // wavelength of L- alpha line for platinum
+lambda2 = 4.174 // wavelength of l - alpha line of unknown substance
+z1= 78// atomic number of platinum
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+b = 7.4 // constant for L - alpha line
+//Sample Problem 21 page No. 146
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 21 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n sqrt(nu1)= a*(Z-b)")
+z2 = b + (z1 - b) * sqrt(lambda1 / lambda2) //calculation of the unknown substance has atomic number
+printf ("\n The unknown substance has atomic number %d. ", z2)
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.22/3_22.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.22/3_22.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6fd3570a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.22/3_22.txt @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ + # Problem 22 #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ E= h^2 * (n_x^2+n_y^2+n_z^2) / (8*m*L^2)Warning : redefining function: sum . Use funcprot(0) to avoid this message
+
+
+
+ E111 is 112.190934 eV.
+
+ E112 is 224.381868 eV.
+
+ E211 is 224.381868 eV.
+
+ E212 is 336.572802 eV.
+
+ E311 is 411.366758 eV.
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.22/Example3_22.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.22/Example3_22.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e9c7d0f74 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.22/Example3_22.sce @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+h = 6.6e-34 // plank's constant
+m_e = 9.1e-31 // mass of electron in kg
+L = 1e-10 // length of box of particle in m
+//Sample Problem 22 page No. 146
+printf("\n # Problem 22 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n E= h^2 * (n_x^2+n_y^2+n_z^2) / (8*m*L^2)")
+sum = 0
+n_y = 1
+ for n_x = 1:3
+
+ for n_z = 1:2
+ sum = n_x+n_y+n_z
+ if sum<6 then
+ E = h^2 * (n_x^2+n_y^2+n_z^2)/ (1.6e-19*8*m_e*L^2) // calculation of energy
+ printf("\n \n E%d%d%d is %f eV. ",n_x,n_y,n_z,E)
+ end
+
+
+
+ end
+ end
+
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.3/3_3.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.3/3_3.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d79debeab --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.3/3_3.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 3 #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ E = h*c/lambda
+ Shortest wavelength emitted is 0.310500 Angstrom.
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.3/Example3_3.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.3/Example3_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d238a255a --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.3/Example3_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+applied_voltage = 4e4 // in volt
+h = 6.624e-34 // plank's constant
+c = 3e8 // speed of light
+e = 1.6e-19 // charge on electron
+//Sample Problem 3 Page No. 136
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 3 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n E = h*c/lambda")
+lambda = h * c / ( e * applied_voltage) *1e10 //calculation of Shortest wavelength emitted
+printf("\n Shortest wavelength emitted is %f Angstrom.", lambda)
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.4/3_4.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.4/3_4.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5f45ee3ff --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.4/3_4.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 4 #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ E =(1/2)*m *v^2
+ Velocity of moving electron is 1.875229e+07 m/s.
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.4/Example3_4.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.4/Example3_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0224ffd49 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.4/Example3_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+E = 1e3 // energy of moving electron in eV
+h = 6.624e-34 // plank's constant
+c = 3e8 // speed of light
+e = 1.6e-19 // charge on electron
+m_e = 9.1e-31
+//Sample Problem 4 Page No. 136
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 4 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n E =(1/2)*m *v^2")
+v = sqrt(2 * E * 1.6e-19/ m_e) //calculation of Velocity of moving electron
+printf("\n Velocity of moving electron is %e m/s.", v)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.5/3_5.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.5/3_5.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..88efc0129 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.5/3_5.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 5 #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ phi = h * nu
+ Longest wavelength to eject electron is 2070 Angstroms.
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.5/Example3_5.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.5/Example3_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1593d4077 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.5/Example3_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+phi = 6 // work function in eV
+h = 6.624e-34 // plank's constant
+c = 3e8 // speed of light
+e = 1.6e-19 // charge on electron
+m_e = 9.1e-31
+//Sample Problem 5 Page No. 137
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 5 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n phi = h * nu")
+lambda = h * c / (phi * e) * 1e10//calculation of Longest wavelength to eject electron
+printf("\n Longest wavelength to eject electron is %d Angstroms. ", lambda)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.6/3_6.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.6/3_6.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0ddd80fb0 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.6/3_6.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 6 #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ delta_lambda = h * (1 - cos (theta )) / ( m_e * c)
+ Change in wavelength of electron is 0.024264 Angstrom.
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.6/Example3_6.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.6/Example3_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0f6211a15 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.6/Example3_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+theta = %pi/2 // scattering angle of photon
+h = 6.624e-34 // plank's constant
+c = 3e8 // speed of light
+e = 1.6e-19 // charge on electron in coloumb
+m_e = 9.1e-31 // mass of electron in kg
+//Sample Problem 6 Page No. 137
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 6 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n delta_lambda = h * (1 - cos (theta )) / ( m_e * c)")
+delta_lambda = h * (1 - cos (theta )) /( m_e * c) //calculation of Change in wavelength of electron
+printf("\n Change in wavelength of electron is %f Angstrom. ", delta_lambda*1e10)
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.7/3_7.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.7/3_7.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..345639212 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.7/3_7.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ + # Problem 7 #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ lambda = h / (m * v)
+ de Broglie wavelength of particle is 3.312000e-37 m.
+ Here the de Broglie wavelength is too small to be detected. This wavelength is far smaller than the wavelength of X ray.
+ Hence diffraction experiment with such a stream of particle will not be successful.
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.7/Example3_7.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.7/Example3_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ec6a7c53a --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.7/Example3_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+angle = %pi/2 // scattering angle of photon
+h = 6.624e-34 // plank's constant
+v = 2e6 // speed of particle
+e = 1.6e-19 // charge on electron
+m = 1e-3 // mass of particle in kg
+//Sample Problem 7 Page No. 137
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 7 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n lambda = h / (m * v)")
+lambda = h / (m * v) //calculation of de Broglie wavelength of particle
+printf("\n de Broglie wavelength of particle is %e m.", lambda)
+printf("\n Here the de Broglie wavelength is too small to be detected. This wavelength is far smaller than the wavelength of X ray.\n Hence diffraction experiment with such a stream of particle will not be successful.")
+
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.8.1/3_8a.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.8.1/3_8a.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..66dbfcb04 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.8.1/3_8a.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + # Problem 8a #
+
+ As the threshold wavelength is less than wavelength of incident radiation
+ So electron will not be ejected
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.8.1/Example3_8a.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.8.1/Example3_8a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c9f0577ec --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.8.1/Example3_8a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+lambda = 4.3e-7 // wavelength of light in meter
+phi_Ni = 5 // work function of nickel in eV
+h = 6.624e-34 // plank's constant
+c = 3e8 // speed of light
+m_e = 9.1e-31 // mass of electron in kg
+//Sample Problem 8a Page No. 138
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 8a # \n")
+lambda_threshold = h * c / (phi_Ni*1e-19) //calculation of longest wavelength required
+if (lambda_threshold < lambda) then
+ printf("\n As the threshold wavelength is less than wavelength of incident radiation \n So electron will not be ejected \n")
+else
+ v = sqrt((2* h * c *(lambda - lambda_threshold)) / (m * lambda_threshold * lambda ))) //calculation of ejected velocity Electron
+ printf("\n As the threshold wavelength is greater than wavelength of incident radiation So electron will be ejected with velocity %e. ",v)
+end
+
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.8.2/3_8b.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.8.2/3_8b.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..04893291b --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.8.2/3_8b.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + # Problem 8b #
+
+ As the threshold wavelength is greater than wavelength of incident radiation So
+ electron will be ejected with velocity 4.548627e+05 m/s.
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.8.2/Example3_8b.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.8.2/Example3_8b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..914433ff5 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.8.2/Example3_8b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+lambda = 4.3e-7 // wavelength of light in meter
+phi_K = 2.3 // work function of nickel in eV
+h = 6.624e-34 // plank's constant
+c = 3e8 // speed of light
+m_e = 9.1e-31 // mass of electron in kg
+//Sample Problem 8b Page No. 138
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 8b # \n")
+lambda_threshold = h * c / (phi_K *1.6e-19) //calculation of longest wavelength required
+if (lambda_threshold < lambda) then
+ printf("As the threshold wavelength is less than wavelength of incident radiation Solectron will not be ejected \n")
+else
+ v = sqrt((2* h * c *( lambda_threshold - lambda)) / (m_e * lambda_threshold * lambda )) //calculation of ejected velocity Electron
+ printf("\n As the threshold wavelength is greater than wavelength of incident radiation So \n electron will be ejected with velocity %e m/s. ",v)
+end
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.9/3_9.txt b/1172/CH3/EX3.9/3_9.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c05832618 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.9/3_9.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 9 #
+
+ Standard formula Used
+ 2 * d * sin(theta) = n * lambda
+ Second order brags reflection occurs at 14.700000 degree for the wavelength 0.771424 Angstrom
diff --git a/1172/CH3/EX3.9/Example3_9.sce b/1172/CH3/EX3.9/Example3_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f2e0eebf7 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH3/EX3.9/Example3_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+d = 3.04 // inter layer separation in Angstrom
+theta = 14.7 // in degree
+n = 2 // order of brags reflection
+//Sample Problem Page No. 139
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 9 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula Used \n 2 * d * sin(theta) = n * lambda")
+lambda = 2 * d * sin( theta * (%pi /180))/ n //calculation of wavelength making second order Braggs reflection
+printf ( " \n Second order brags reflection occurs at %f degree for the wavelength %f Angstrom\n" , theta , lambda)
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.txt b/1172/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f3e52326e --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + # Problem 1 #
+
+ Magnitude of force F is 7.176350 N
+ Angle made with X - axis is 69.612564 degree
+ Angle made with Y - axis is 51.166475 degree
+ Angle made with Z - axis is 134.165477 degree
diff --git a/1172/CH4/EX4.1/Example4_1.sce b/1172/CH4/EX4.1/Example4_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..fb48f6782 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH4/EX4.1/Example4_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+F = [2.5,4.5,-5] // F is a force vector act through origin
+// sample Problem 1 Page No. 176
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 1 # \n")
+F_magnitude = sqrt ( 2.5^2 + 4.5^2 + (-5)^2)
+theta_x = (180 / %pi ) * acos ( 2.5 / F_magnitude)
+theta_y = (180 / %pi ) * acos ( 4.5 / F_magnitude)
+theta_z = (180 / %pi ) * acos ( -5 / F_magnitude)
+printf (" \n Magnitude of force F is %f N", F_magnitude)
+printf(" \n Angle made with X - axis is %f degree", theta_x)
+printf(" \n Angle made with Y - axis is %f degree" ,theta_y)
+printf(" \n Angle made with Z - axis is %f degree", theta_z)
diff --git a/1172/CH4/EX4.2.1/4_2a.txt b/1172/CH4/EX4.2.1/4_2a.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..af7a97d4d --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH4/EX4.2.1/4_2a.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +
+ # Problem 2a #
+
+ Directional cosine in X - axis is 0.500000
+ Directional cosine in Y - axis is 0.500000
+ Directional cosine in Z - axis is 0.707100
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/1172/CH4/EX4.2.1/Example4_2a.sce b/1172/CH4/EX4.2.1/Example4_2a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2318c7107 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH4/EX4.2.1/Example4_2a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+r = [2,2,2*sqrt(2)]
+
+// sample Problem 2a Page No. 176
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 2a # \n")
+r_magnitude = sqrt ( 2^2 + 2^2 + (2*sqrt(2))^2)
+cos_x = ( 2 / r_magnitude)
+cos_y = ( 2 / r_magnitude)
+cos_z = ( 2.8284 / r_magnitude)
+printf(" \n Directional cosine in X - axis is %f ", cos_x)
+printf(" \n Directional cosine in Y - axis is %f " ,cos_y)
+printf(" \n Directional cosine in Z - axis is %f ", cos_z)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH4/EX4.2.2/4_2b.txt b/1172/CH4/EX4.2.2/4_2b.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..02957ee9d --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH4/EX4.2.2/4_2b.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + # Problem 2b #
+
+ Projection of vector r in xz plane is 3.463916
+ projection of vector r in yz plane is 3.463916
diff --git a/1172/CH4/EX4.2.2/Example4_2b.sce b/1172/CH4/EX4.2.2/Example4_2b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ff3eced7e --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH4/EX4.2.2/Example4_2b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+r_xz = [2,2.8282]
+// sample Problem 2b Page No. 176
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 2b # \n")
+r_xz = sqrt (2^2 + (2.8282)^2)
+r_yz = sqrt (2^2 + (2.8282)^2)
+printf (" \n Projection of vector r in xz plane is %f", r_xz)
+printf (" \n projection of vector r in yz plane is %f", r_yz)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH4/EX4.3/4_3.txt b/1172/CH4/EX4.3/4_3.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f8c85baf6 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH4/EX4.3/4_3.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + # Problem 3 #
+Standard formula used is W = F*d
+
+ Total work done is 61 units
diff --git a/1172/CH4/EX4.3/Example4_3.sce b/1172/CH4/EX4.3/Example4_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..693c8b144 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH4/EX4.3/Example4_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+d1 = [5,-5,-4] // initial coordinate point of vector d
+d2 = [6,2,-2] // final coordinate point of vector d
+F1 = [10,-1,10] // first force acting on particle
+F2 = [4,5,6] // second force acting on particle
+F3 = [-2,1,-9] // third force acting on particle
+
+
+// sample Problem 3 Page No. 177
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 3 # \n")
+d = d2 - d1 // d is vector of displacement
+F = F1 + F2 + F3 // F is resultant of all the force
+printf("Standard formula used is W = F*d \n ")
+W = F * d'
+printf(" \n Total work done is %d units ", W)
diff --git a/1172/CH4/EX4.4/4_4.txt b/1172/CH4/EX4.4/4_4.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0aea61ada --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH4/EX4.4/4_4.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 4 #
+Standard formula used is V = V1 + V2 + .....+ V_n
+
+ Vector of velocity of pilot with respect to moving air is 271.715729 i -28.284271j miles/h
+ where i and j stands for east and north respectively
diff --git a/1172/CH4/EX4.4/Example4_4.sce b/1172/CH4/EX4.4/Example4_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ed978570e --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH4/EX4.4/Example4_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+v_w_x = 40 * cos(45 * %pi / 180) // x component of wind blow in miles/h
+v_w_y = 40 * sin(45 * %pi /180) // y component of wind blow in miles/h
+r_x = 200 // distance of destination point in x direction in miles
+r_y = 0 // distance of destination point in y direction in miles
+t = 40 // time taken by aeroplane to reach destination in minutes
+// sample Problem 4 Page No. 177
+printf("\n # Problem 4 # \n")
+printf("Standard formula used is V = V1 + V2 + .....+ V_n \n ")
+v_x = (r_x)/t *60 // x - component of velocity required to reach destination in time in miles/h
+v_y = r_y /t *60 // x - component of velocity required to reach destination in time in miles/h
+v_p_x = v_x - v_w_x // x component of aeroplane velocity in miles/h
+v_p_y = v_y - v_w_y // y component of aeroplane velocity in miles/h
+printf(" \n Vector of velocity of pilot with respect to moving air is %f i %fj miles/h \n where i and j stands for east and north respectively ", v_p_x,v_p_y)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH4/EX4.5/4_5.txt b/1172/CH4/EX4.5/4_5.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..71014d7a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH4/EX4.5/4_5.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + # Problem 5 #
+Standard formula used is g1 = g - R_e*f^2*(cos(theta))^2
+
+ Difference in gravitational acceleration at pole and equator is 3.384638e-02 m/s^2
diff --git a/1172/CH4/EX4.5/Example4_5.sce b/1172/CH4/EX4.5/Example4_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..13fa30a0b --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH4/EX4.5/Example4_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+R_e = 6.4e6 // radius of earth in m
+T = 8.64e4 // time period of one rotation of earth
+theta_pole = 90 // angle between pole and rotational axis
+theta_equator = 0 // angle between equator and rotational axis
+g_pole = 9.8 // gravitational acceleration at pole in m/s^2
+// sample Problem 5 Page No. 178
+printf ("\n \n\n # Problem 5 # \n")
+printf("Standard formula used is g1 = g - R_e*f^2*(cos(theta))^2 \n ")
+f = 2 * %pi / T // rotational frequency of earth
+ g_equator = g_pole - R_e * f^2
+ del_g = g_pole - g_equator
+printf(" \n Difference in gravitational acceleration at pole and equator is %e m/s^2 ", del_g)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH4/EX4.6/4_6.txt b/1172/CH4/EX4.6/4_6.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..61b883755 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH4/EX4.6/4_6.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +
+ # Problem 6 #
+Standard formula used is g1 = g - R_e*f^2*(cos(theta))^2
+ Angular velocity of Earth will be 1.250000e-03 rad/s
+ Time period would be 1.396263 hours
diff --git a/1172/CH4/EX4.6/Example4_6.sce b/1172/CH4/EX4.6/Example4_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ec3aece97 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH4/EX4.6/Example4_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+R_e = 6.4e6 // radius of earth in m
+theta_pole = 90 // angle between pole and rotational axis
+theta_equator = 0 // angle between equator and rotational axis
+g_pole = 10 // gravitational acceleration at pole in m/s^2
+g_equator = 0 // gravitational acceleration at equator in m/s^2
+// sample Problem 6 Page No. 178
+printf ("\n \n\n # Problem 6 # \n")
+printf("Standard formula used is g1 = g - R_e*f^2*(cos(theta))^2 \n ")
+ f = sqrt (g_pole / R_e)
+ T = 2 * %pi / f / 3.6e3
+ printf("Angular velocity of Earth will be %e rad/s \n Time period would be %f hours",f,T)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH4/EX4.7/4_7.txt b/1172/CH4/EX4.7/4_7.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5d67663bd --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH4/EX4.7/4_7.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +
+ # Problem 7 #
+Standard formula used is
+ coriolis force = -2*m*f x v
+ Angular velocity of Earth will be 6.187184e-04 rad/s
diff --git a/1172/CH4/EX4.7/Example4_7.sce b/1172/CH4/EX4.7/Example4_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f617077ff --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH4/EX4.7/Example4_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+g_pole = 9.8 // gravitational acceleration at pole
+m = 1 // mass of substance in kg
+R_e = 6.4e6 // radius of earth in m
+// sample Problem 7 Page No. 179
+printf("\n # Problem 7 # \n")
+printf("Standard formula used is \n coriolis force = -2*m*f x v\n \n")
+ g_equator = 0.75 *g_pole // gravitational acceleration at equator in m/s^2
+ f = sqrt ((g_pole - g_equator)/ R_e)
+ printf ("Angular velocity of Earth will be %e rad/s .\n ",f)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH4/EX4.8/4_8.txt b/1172/CH4/EX4.8/4_8.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2c1b16597 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH4/EX4.8/4_8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + # Problem 8 #
+Standard formula used is coriolis Force = 2*mass*angular velocity X velocity
+ Magnitude and direction of coriolis force on particle are
+ 7.272205e-02 N and 60 degree with east respectively
diff --git a/1172/CH4/EX4.8/Example4_8.sce b/1172/CH4/EX4.8/Example4_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..55fd07de3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH4/EX4.8/Example4_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+m = 1 // mass of particle in kg
+theta = 30 // latitude position in degree
+v = 0.5 // velocity of particle in km/s in north direction
+
+
+// sample Problem 8 Page No. 180
+printf("\n # Problem 8 # \n")
+printf("Standard formula used is coriolis Force = 2*mass*angular velocity X velocity ")
+f_x = -2*m*2*%pi * v*1000*(-1)*sin(theta*%pi/180)/86400 // coriolis force in east direction
+f_z = -2*m*2*%pi * v*1000*cos(theta*%pi/180)/86400 // coriolis force in verticle direction
+F = sqrt(f_x^2+f_z^2)
+alpha = -atan(f_z/f_x) *180 /%pi
+printf(" \n Magnitude and direction of coriolis force on particle are \n %e N and %d degree with east respectively",F,alpha)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.1/6_1.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.1/6_1.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..79f8b5497 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.1/6_1.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + # Problem 1 #
+Percentage contraction in rod is 8.348486 and apparent orientation is 2.886751
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.1/Example6_1.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.1/Example6_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3b1e29876 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.1/Example6_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+v = 0.8* c // velocity of rod
+l1 = 1 // let
+theta = 60 // anlge between length of rod and speed in degree
+//Sample Problem 1 page No. 221
+printf("\n # Problem 1 # \n")
+l_x = l1 * cos(theta * %pi /180) * sqrt (1-(v /c)^2)
+l_y = l1 * sin(theta * %pi /180)
+l2 = sqrt (l_x^2 + l_y^2)
+per_contrtaction = (l1 - l2) / l1 *100
+angle = atan (l_y/l_x)
+printf ("Percentage contraction in rod is %f and apparant orientation is %f",per_contrtaction,tan (angle) )
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.10/6_10.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.10/6_10.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7806ea8a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.10/6_10.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + # Problem 10 #
+
+ Standard formula used l = l_o * sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)
+ Velocity of particle is 0.942809 c.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.10/Example6_10.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.10/Example6_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..95eaefc19 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.10/Example6_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+m_0 = 1 // atomic mass in amu
+m = 3 * m_0 // relativistic mass
+// sample problem 10 page No. 225
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 10 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used l = l_o * sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)")
+v = c * sqrt(1- (m_0 / m)^2) // calculation of Velocity of particle
+printf ("\n Velocity of particle is %f c.", v / c )
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.11/6_11.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.11/6_11.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..af37436d0 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.11/6_11.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + # Problem 11 #
+
+ Standard formula used m = m_o / sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)
+ Velocity of particle is 0.866025 c.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.11/Example6_11.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.11/Example6_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..46fef2892 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.11/Example6_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+mass_ratio = 0.5 // Ratio of rest mass and relativistic mass
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+// sample problem 11 page No. 225
+printf("\n # Problem 11 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n m = m_o / sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)\n")
+v = c * sqrt(1- mass_ratio^2) // calculation of Velocity of particle
+printf ("\n Velocity of particle is %f c.", v / c )
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.12.1/6_12a.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.12.1/6_12a.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2bb666eb8 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.12.1/6_12a.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + # Problem 12a #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ u_x = (u_x_ + v) / (1 + v * u_x_ / c^2)
+ Velocity of photon with respect to another is -2.769231e+08 m/s.
+ Relativistic mass of particle with respect to another is 7.800000e-25 kg.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.12.1/Example6_12a.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.12.1/Example6_12a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..943856042 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.12.1/Example6_12a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+u_x_ = -2e8 // velocity of first photon in ground frame in m/s
+v = -2e8 // velocity of second photon in ground frame in m/s
+m_0 = 3e-25
+// sample problem 12 page No. 226
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 12a # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n u_x = (u_x_ + v) / (1 + v * u_x_ / c^2)")
+u_x = (u_x_ + v) / (1 + v * u_x_ / c^2) // calculation of Velocity of photon with respect to another
+m = m_0 / sqrt(1 - (u_x / c)^2) // calculation of Relativistic mass of particle with respect to another
+printf ("\n Velocity of photon with respect to another is %e m/s.",u_x)
+printf ("\n Relativistic mass of particle with respect to another is %e kg.",m)
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.12.2/6_12b.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.12.2/6_12b.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7a14a153a --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.12.2/6_12b.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 12b #
+
+ standard formula used
+ m = m_o/ sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)
+ Relativistic mass of particle with respect to another is 7.946525e-25 m/s
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.12.2/Example6_14b.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.12.2/Example6_14b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..20241230c --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.12.2/Example6_14b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+ratio = 1.95e+03 // Ratio of relativistic mass and rest mass
+// sample problem 14b page No. 227
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 14b # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n m = m_o/ sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)")
+ratio_1 = 1 /(2* ratio^2) // calculation of ratio of velocity to velocity of light for
+printf ("\n Ratio of velocity to velocity of light for particle is 1 - %e .", ratio_1 )
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.13/6_13.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.13/6_13.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8a2a966f5 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.13/6_13.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ + # Problem 13 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ m = m_o/ sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)
+ and
+ l = l_o* sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)
+ Relativistic density of rod in moving frame is 1.015789e-01.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.13/Example6_13.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.13/Example6_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..95679f1d7 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.13/Example6_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+u = 0.9*c // velocity of first particle with respect to other in m/s
+density1 = 19.3e-3 // density of gold in rest frame
+// sample problem 13 page No. 226
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 13 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n m = m_o/ sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2) \n and \n l = l_o* sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2) ")
+mass_ratio = sqrt (1 - (u/c)^2) // calculation of ratio of relativistic mass
+volume_ratio = 1 / sqrt (1 - (u/ c)^2) // calculation of ratio of relativistic volume
+density2 = density1 * (volume_ratio /mass_ratio ) //calculation of ratio of relativistic density
+printf ("\n Relativistic density of rod in moving frame is %e.",density2)
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.14.1/6_14a.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.14.1/6_14a.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..147c757a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.14.1/6_14a.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 14a #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ E = m*c^2
+ Ratio of relativistic mass and rest mass of particle is 1.953602e+03.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.14.1/Example6_14a.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.14.1/Example6_14a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6d761628b --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.14.1/Example6_14a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+E = 1e9 // energy of electron in eV
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+m_0 = 9.1e-31 // mass of electron in kg
+// sample problem 14 page No. 227
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 14a # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n E = m*c^2")
+m = E / c^2 * 1.6e-19 // calculation of relativistic mass of particle
+ratio = m / m_0// calculation of Ratio of relativistic mass and rest mass of particle
+printf ("\n Ratio of relativistic mass and rest mass of particle is %e.",ratio )
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.14.2/6_14b.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.14.2/6_14b.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..335114aeb --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.14.2/6_14b.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 14b #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ m = m_o/ sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)
+ Ratio of velocity to velocity of light for particle is 1 - 1.314924e-07 .
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.14.2/Example6_14b.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.14.2/Example6_14b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..20241230c --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.14.2/Example6_14b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+ratio = 1.95e+03 // Ratio of relativistic mass and rest mass
+// sample problem 14b page No. 227
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 14b # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n m = m_o/ sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)")
+ratio_1 = 1 /(2* ratio^2) // calculation of ratio of velocity to velocity of light for
+printf ("\n Ratio of velocity to velocity of light for particle is 1 - %e .", ratio_1 )
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.14.3/6_14c.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.14.3/6_14c.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9e27bea85 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.14.3/6_14c.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 14c #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ E = m*c^2
+ Ratio of energy to rest mass energy is 1.975309e+03.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.14.3/Example6_14c.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.14.3/Example6_14c.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5d180c13a --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.14.3/Example6_14c.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+m = 9e-31 // mass in kg
+E = 1e9 // Energy of accelerated electron in eV
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+// sample problem 14c page No. 227
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 14c # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n E = m*c^2")
+E_0 = m * c^2// calculation of rest mass energy
+ratio = E / E_0 *1.6e-19// calculation of Ratio of energy to rest mass energy
+printf ("\n Ratio of energy to rest mass energy is %e.",ratio )
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.15/6_15.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.15/6_15.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7a7c8f7cd --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.15/6_15.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 15 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ l = l_o* sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)
+ Proper length of rod is 1.250000 m.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.15/Example6_15.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.15/Example6_15.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..10fa06e38 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.15/Example6_15.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+v = 0.6 * c // velocity of rod wrt laboratory
+l_ = 1 // length of rod measured by observer in lab
+// sample problem 15 page No. 228
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 15 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n l = l_o* sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)")
+l = l_ / sqrt (1 - (v / c)^2) // calculation of Proper length of rod
+printf ("\n Proper length of rod is %f m.",l )
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.16/6_16.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.16/6_16.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..1bfd2d40f --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.16/6_16.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 16 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ t = t_o /sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)
+ New mean life time is 5.735393e-08 s.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.16/Example6_16.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.16/Example6_16.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2ce93464b --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.16/Example6_16.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+v = 0.9 * c // velocity of rod wrt laboratory
+proper_time = 2.5e-8 // proper mean life time of mesons
+// sample problem 16 page No. 228
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 16 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n t = t_o /sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)")
+t = proper_time / sqrt (1 - (v / c)^2) // calculation of New mean life time
+printf ("\n New mean life time is %e s.",t )
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.17/6_17.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.17/6_17.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9982c93d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.17/6_17.txt @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ + # Problem 17 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ m = m_o* sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)
+ and
+ E=m*c^2
+ Velocity of electron is 2.587160e+08 m/s.
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.17/Example6_17.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.17/Example6_17.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f85805e22 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.17/Example6_17.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+E = 1 // energy of electron in MeV
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+m_0 = 9e-31 // rest mass of electron
+// sample problem 17 page No. 229
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 17 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n m = m_o* sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2) \n and \n E=m*c^2")
+m = E * 1.6e-13 / c^2// calculation of mass of electron
+v = c * sqrt(1 - (m_0 / m)^2) // calculation of Velocity of electron
+printf ("\n Velocity of electron is %e m/s.",v )
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.19/6_19.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.19/6_19.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..bf6df08ce --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.19/6_19.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 19 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ t = t_o /sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)
+ Distance traveled by particle is 4.631830e+03 m.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.19/Example6_19.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.19/Example6_19.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..10875e822 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.19/Example6_19.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+v = 0.99 * c // velocity of particle
+proper_time = 2.2e-6 // proper mean life time of mesons
+// sample problem 19 page No. 230
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 19 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n t = t_o /sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)")
+t = proper_time / sqrt (1 - (v / c)^2) // calculation of time period
+d = v *t// calculation of Distance travelled by particle
+printf ("\n Distance traveled by particle is %e m.",d )
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.2/6_2.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.2/6_2.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4cb7ce6da --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.2/6_2.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + # Problem 2 #
+
+ Standard formula used is u_x = (u_x_ + v) / (1 + v * u_x_ / c^2)
+ Velocity of photon with respect to another is -1 * c
+ Thus photons are approaching each other.
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.2/Example6_2.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.2/Example6_2.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..3f4ed9a0a --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.2/Example6_2.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+u_x_ = -3e8 // velocity of first photon in ground frame in m/s
+v = -3e8 // velocity of second photon in ground frame in m/s
+// sample problem 2 page No. 222
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 2 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used is u_x = (u_x_ + v) / (1 + v * u_x_ / c^2) ")
+u_x = (u_x_ + v) / (1 + v * u_x_ / c^2) // calculation of Velocity of photon with respect to another
+printf ("\n Velocity of photon with respect to another is %d * c \n Thus photons are approaching each other.",u_x / c)
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.20/6_20.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.20/6_20.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..08a0f3b17 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.20/6_20.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 20 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ m = m_o* sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)
+ Velocity required to increase mass by one perfect is 4.211123e+07 m/s.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.20/Example6_20.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.20/Example6_20.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..87968755c --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.20/Example6_20.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+m = 1 // let
+m_change = 1 // change in mass in percentage by increasing velocity
+// sample problem 20 page No. 230
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 20 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n m = m_o* sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2) ")
+v = c * sqrt (1 - (m / (m + m_change/100))^2) // calculation of Velocity required to increase mass by one percent
+printf ( "\n Velocity required to increase mass by one perfect is %e m/s.", v)
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.21/6_21.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.21/6_21.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..20af46482 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.21/6_21.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 21 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ m = m_o* sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)
+ Velocity required to increase mass by 2000 times is 3.000000e+08 - 37.500002 m/s.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.21/Example6_21.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.21/Example6_21.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f51f2088d --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.21/Example6_21.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+m_ratio = 2000 // ratio of rest mass and relativistic mass
+// sample problem 21 page No. 231
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 21 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n m = m_o* sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2) ")
+v = c * sqrt (1 - (1/m_ratio)^2) // calculation of Velocity required to increase mass by 2000 times
+
+printf( "\n Velocity required to increase mass by 2000 times is %e - %f m/s.",c, (c -v))
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.22/6_22.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.22/6_22.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..dc415b953 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.22/6_22.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +
+ # Problem 22 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ E_total = E_rest + E_kinetic
+ Energy of each particle is 11.920250 MeV.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.22/Example6_22.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.22/Example6_22.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d579b60af --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.22/Example6_22.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+h = 6.63e-34 // plank's constant
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+lambda = 5e-4 // wavelength of photon in angstrom
+e_rest_mass = 0.511 // rest mass of electron in Mev/c^2
+p_rest_mass = 0.511 // rest mass of electron in Mev/c^2
+// sample problem 22 page No. 230
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 22 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n E_total = E_rest + E_kinetic")
+k = (((h * c / (lambda * 1.6e-23 )) - (e_rest_mass + p_rest_mass))) /2 // calculation of Energy of each particle
+printf( "\n Energy of each particle is %f MeV.", k )
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.23/6_23.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.23/6_23.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..512f46f08 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.23/6_23.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 23 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ E = h* c / lambda
+ Threshold wavelength for proton - antiproton production is 6.626466 angstrom.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.23/Example6_23.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.23/Example6_23.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e45f6ebf3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.23/Example6_23.sce @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+h = 6.63e-34 // plank's constant
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+p_rest_mass = 938 // rest mass of proton in Mev/
+ap_rest_mass = 938 // rest mass of antiproton in Mev
+// sample problem 23 page No. 232
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 23 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n E = h* c / lambda")
+lambda = h * c / ((p_rest_mass + ap_rest_mass) * 1.6e-19) // calculation of Threshold wavelength for proton - antiproton production
+printf( "\n Threshold wavelength for proton - antiproton production is %f angstrom.", lambda / 1e-10)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.24/6_24.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.24/6_24.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..bf1b0c6f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.24/6_24.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +# Problem 24 #
+
+ Standard formula used E^2 = p^2*c^2 + m_o^2*c^4*
+ Momentum of photon is 9.044679e-16 kg m/s.
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.24/Example6_24.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.24/Example6_24.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..53c80e34e --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.24/Example6_24.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+p_rest_mass = 0.938 // rest mass energy of proton in BeV
+KE = 1 // kinetic energy of proton in BeV
+// sample problem 24 page No. 232
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 24 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used E^2 = p^2*c^2 + m_o^2*c^4*")
+E = KE + p_rest_mass// calculation of energy of particle
+p = (sqrt (E^2 *1e6 - (p_rest_mass * 1e3)^2)) *(1.6e-19)*(1e9) / c// calculation of Momentum of photon
+printf( "\n Momentum of photon is %e kg m/s.", p)
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.26/6_26.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.26/6_26.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c8515e930 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.26/6_26.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +
+ # Problem 26 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ l = l_o* sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)
+ Relative speed of meson with respect to earth is 0.972387 c .
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.26/Example6_26.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.26/Example6_26.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..38361cb2e --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.26/Example6_26.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+t = 8e-6 // mean life of meson
+l = 10 // distance of meson from earth surface
+// sample problem 26 page No. 228
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 26 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n l = l_o* sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)")
+v = l*1e3/ sqrt( t^2 +(l * 1e3 /c)^2) // calculation of relative speed of meson with respect to
+printf ("\n Relative speed of meson with respect to earth is %f c .",v/c )
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.27/6_27.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.27/6_27.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d0183e52f --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.27/6_27.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +
+ # Problem 27 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ E_total = KE + E_mass
+ Kinetic energy of proton is 627MeV.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.27/Example6_27.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.27/Example6_27.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c49135732 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.27/Example6_27.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+v = 0.8 *c // velocity of rod in m/s
+m_0 = 1.673e-27 // rest mass of proton in kg
+// sample problem 27 page No. 228
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 27 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n E_total = KE + E_mass")
+K_E = m_0 * c^2 *(1/sqrt(1-(v/c)^2) - 1) / 1.6e-13 // calculation of Kinetic energy of proton
+printf ("\n Kinetic energy of proton is %dMeV.", K_E )
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.3/6_3.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.3/6_3.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..14e219740 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.3/6_3.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +
+ # Problem 3 #
+
+ Standard formula used is u_x = (u_x_ + v) / (1 + v * u_x_ / c^2)
+ Velocity of photon with respect to another is -0.994475 c.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.3/Example6_3.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.3/Example6_3.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4aa5f6b5f --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.3/Example6_3.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+u_x_ = -0.9 * c // velocity of first spaceship in ground frame in m/s
+v = -0.9 *c // velocity of second spaceship in ground frame in m/s
+// sample problem 3 page No. 222
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 3 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used is u_x = (u_x_ + v) / (1 + v * u_x_ / c^2) ")
+u_x = (u_x_ + v) / (1 + v * u_x_ / c^2) // calculation of Velocity of photon
+printf ("\n Velocity of photon with respect to another is %f c.", u_x / c)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.4/6_4.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.4/6_4.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b82ad6e2c --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.4/6_4.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + # Problem 4 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ E = m*c^2
+ Amount of mass consumed is 30 kg.
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.4/Example6_4.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.4/Example6_4.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..c66ceb845 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.4/Example6_4.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+E = 7.5e11 // Energy in kWh
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+// sample problem 4 page No. 223
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 4 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n E = m*c^2")
+m = (E *3.6e6) / c^2// calculation of Amount of mass consumed
+
+printf ("\n Amount of mass consumed is %d kg.", m)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.5/6_5.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.5/6_5.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..eaee257dc --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.5/6_5.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + # Problem 5 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ E = m*c^2
+ Amount of energy produced is 3.600000e+17 J.
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.5/Example6_5.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.5/Example6_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5332c768f --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.5/Example6_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+m = 4 // mass of substance consumed fully in kg
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+// sample problem 5 page No. 223
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 5 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n E = m*c^2")
+E = m * c^2// calculation of Amount of energy produced
+printf ("\n Amount of energy produced is %e J.", E)
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.6/6_6.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.6/6_6.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4dbe35c47 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.6/6_6.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 6 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ m = m_o/ sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)
+ Relativistic mass of particle is 1.250000e-24 kg.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.6/Example6_6.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.6/Example6_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6d4963462 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.6/Example6_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+m_0 = 1e-24 // mass of moving particle in kg
+v = 1.8e8 // speed of particle in m/s
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+// sample problem 6 page No. 223
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 6 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n m = m_o/ sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)")
+m = m_0 / sqrt(1 - (v / c)^2) // calculation of Relativistic mass of particle
+printf ("\n Relativistic mass of particle is %e kg.", m)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.7/6_7.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.7/6_7.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..71e1aa8c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.7/6_7.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 7 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ m = m_o/sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)
+ Ratio of rest mass and relativistic mass of particle is 0.866025.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.7/Example6_7.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.7/Example6_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2ef65448d --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.7/Example6_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+v = 0.5 * c // speed of particle in m/s
+// sample problem 7 page No. 223
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 7 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n m = m_o/sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)")
+ratio = sqrt(1- (v /c)^2) // calculation of Ratio of rest mass and relativistic mass of particle
+printf ("\n Ratio of rest mass and relativistic mass of particle is %f.", ratio)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.8.1/6_8a.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.8.1/6_8a.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ed89d5435 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.8.1/6_8a.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 8a #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ l = l_o* sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)
+ Speed of spaceship is 2.598076e+08 m/s.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.8.1/Example6_8a.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.8.1/Example6_8a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f2d73a16a --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.8.1/Example6_8a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+ratio = 0.5 // Ratio of lengths of spaceship
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+// sample problem 8a page No. 224
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 8a # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n l = l_o* sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)")
+v = c * sqrt(1 - ratio^2) // calculation of Speed of spaceship
+printf ("\n Speed of spaceship is %e m/s.",v)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.8.2/6_8b.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.8.2/6_8b.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a1960b44c --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.8.2/6_8b.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 8b #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ t= t_o/ sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)
+ Time corresponding to 1 sec is 2 sec.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.8.2/Example6_8b.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.8.2/Example6_8b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..053f25246 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.8.2/Example6_8b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+v = 2.598e8 // speed of spaceship
+t_0 = 1 // time in second
+// sample problem 8b page No. 224
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 8b # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used \n t= t_o/ sqrt ( 1- (v/c)^2)")
+t = t_0 / sqrt(1 - (v ^2 / c ^2) ) // calculation of Time corresponding to 1 sec
+printf ("\n Time corresponding to 1 sec is %d sec.",ceil (t) )
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.9/6_9.txt b/1172/CH6/EX6.9/6_9.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..fdacf11e9 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.9/6_9.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +
+ # Problem 9 #
+
+ Standard formula used
+ Lifetime of meson is 3.333333e-08 sec.
diff --git a/1172/CH6/EX6.9/Example6_9.sce b/1172/CH6/EX6.9/Example6_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..0319eca05 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH6/EX6.9/Example6_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +
+clc
+//Given that
+c = 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+v = 2.4e8 // speed of meson
+t_0 = 2e-8 // lifetime of meson in second
+// sample problem 9 page No. 224
+printf("\n \n\n # Problem 9 # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used ")
+t = t_0 / sqrt(1 - (v / c )^2 ) // calculation of Lifetime of meson
+printf ("\n Lifetime of meson is %e sec.", t )
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.10/8_10.txt b/1172/CH8/EX8.10/8_10.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5b9f4aa58 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.10/8_10.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + # Problem 10 #
+Standard formula used U_f - U_i = 1/2 * m *(u^2 - v^2)
+
+ Velocity required by mass is 1.118313e+04 m/s.
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.10/Example8_10.sce b/1172/CH8/EX8.10/Example8_10.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a845feb25 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.10/Example8_10.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+R_e = 6.4e6 // radius of Earth in km
+M_e = 6e24 // mass of Earth in kg
+G = 6.67e-11 // universal gravitational constant
+// sample problem 10 page No. 303
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 10 # \n")
+
+printf("Standard formula used U_f - U_i = 1/2 * m *(u^2 - v^2)\n ")
+h = 10 * R_e
+v = sqrt (2 *h * G * M_e / (R_e * h)) // calculation of velocity required by mass to reach given height
+printf ("\n Velocity required by mass is %e m/s.",v)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.11/8_11.txt b/1172/CH8/EX8.11/8_11.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..23258ba8d --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.11/8_11.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + # Problem 11 #
+Standard formula used T^2 = k* r^3
+ Standers formula used v = 2 * pi * r / T
+ Ratio of time period is 0.031623 and ratio of speed is 3.162278 .
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.11/Example8_11.sce b/1172/CH8/EX8.11/Example8_11.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..fe15e9a69 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.11/Example8_11.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+r1 = 1e12 // distance of first planet from Sun in m
+r2 = 1e13 //distance of first planet from Sun in m
+// sample problem 11 page No. 304
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 11 # \n")
+
+printf("Standard formula used T^2 = k* r^3")
+printf ("\n Standers formula used v = 2 * pi * r / T")
+r_ratio = r1 / r2 // r_ratio is ratio of distances from Sun
+T_ratio = r_ratio^(3/2) //calculation of Ratio of time period
+v_ratio = r_ratio / T_ratio // calculation of ratio of speed
+
+printf (" \n Ratio of time period is %f and ratio of speed is %f .", T_ratio, v_ratio)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.12/8_12.txt b/1172/CH8/EX8.12/8_12.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7a0553365 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.12/8_12.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 12 #
+
+ Standard formula used T^2 = k* r^3
+ Distance of Saturn from Sun is 1.432098e+09 km .
+
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.12/Example8_12.sce b/1172/CH8/EX8.12/Example8_12.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..b8e211cac --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.12/Example8_12.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+r1 = 1.5e8 // distance of Earth from Sun in km
+t1 = 1 // let
+// sample problem 12 page No. 305
+printf ("\n\n\n # Problem 12 # \n")
+
+printf ("\n Standard formula used T^2 = k* r^3")
+t2 = 29.5 * t1// calculation of time period of Saturn
+r2 = r1 * (t2 / t1) ^ (2/3) //calculation of distance of stern from Sun
+
+printf (" \n Distance of Saturn from Sun is %e km .", r2)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.13/8_13.txt b/1172/CH8/EX8.13/8_13.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..898f0ffff --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.13/8_13.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + # Problem 13 #
+
+ Standard formula used v * r = k
+ Speed at perigee is 30000 km/h and at apogee is 22786.516854 km/h .
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.13/Example8_13.sce b/1172/CH8/EX8.13/Example8_13.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f3d5880d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.13/Example8_13.sce @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+r_peri = 360 // distance of perigee of satellite from Earth surface in km
+r_apo = 2500 // distance of apogee of satellite from Earth surface in km
+R_e = 6400 // radius of Earth in km
+v_p = 30000 // speed of satellite at apogee position in km/h
+// sample problem 13 page No. 305
+printf ("\n\n\n # Problem 13 # \n")
+
+printf ("\n Standard formula used v * r = k ")
+r_p = r_peri + R_e // calculation of distance of perigee
+r_a = r_apo + R_e// calculation of distance of apogee
+
+v_a = v_p * r_p / r_a // calculation of speed at apogee
+printf (" \n Speed at perigee is %d km/h and at apogee is %f km/h .",v_p, v_a)
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.14/8_14.txt b/1172/CH8/EX8.14/8_14.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..24a62f538 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.14/8_14.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + # Problem 14 #
+
+ Standard formula used 1/2 *(m_s * v ^2 / r) = g * R_E^2 * m /R_e^2
+ Magnitude and direction of impulse required are respectively 8.047626e+05kgm/s and 18.098444 degree.
+
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.14/Example8_14.sce b/1172/CH8/EX8.14/Example8_14.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..10da8732e --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.14/Example8_14.sce @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+h = 600 // distance of satellite from surface of Earth in km
+R_e = 6400 // radius of Earth in km
+m_s = 100 // mass of satellite in kg
+g = 10 // gravitational acceleration in m/s2
+v_y = 2500 // upward velocity of launched satellite
+// sample problem 14 page No. 306
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 14 # \n")
+
+printf("\n Standard formula used 1/2 *(m_s * v ^2 / r) = g * R_E^2 * m /R_e^2 ")
+r = R_e + h// calculation of effective height of satellite
+
+v = sqrt (g * (R_e * 1e3)^2 / (r * 1e3)) // calculation of orbital velocity of satellite
+
+P_x = m_s * v// calculation of momentum in x direction
+P_y = m_s * v_y// calculation of momentum in y direction
+U = sqrt(P_x^2 + P_y^2 ) // calculation of magnitude of impulse required
+
+theta = (180 / %pi) * atan (P_y / P_x ) // calculation of direction of impulse required
+printf ("\n Magnitude and direction of impulse required are respectively %ekgm/s and %f degree.",U , theta)
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.15.1/8_15a.txt b/1172/CH8/EX8.15.1/8_15a.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..d9c8d02b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.15.1/8_15a.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + # Problem 15a #
+
+ Standard formula used E = m*c^2
+ Loss in mass during formation of 1 atom of hydrogen is 2.417778e-32 g.
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.15.1/Example8_15a.sce b/1172/CH8/EX8.15.1/Example8_15a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7857f25a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.15.1/Example8_15a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +clc
+
+//Given that
+b_e = 13.6 // Binding energy of electron to proton in eV
+c= 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+// sample problem 15a page No. 306
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 15a # \n")
+printf("\n Standard formula used E = m*c^2")
+del_m = b_e * (1.6e-19) / c^2 * 1000
+printf ("\n Loss in mass during formation of 1 atom of hydrogen is %e g.", del_m)
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.15.2/8_15b.txt b/1172/CH8/EX8.15.2/8_15b.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8072f947a --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.15.2/8_15b.txt @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +
+ # Problem 15b #
+
+ Standard formula used E = m*c^2
+ Binding energy of deuteron is 2.250000 MeV.
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.15.2/Example8_15b.sce b/1172/CH8/EX8.15.2/Example8_15b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a69949231 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.15.2/Example8_15b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+M_p = 1.6725e-24 // mass of proton in g
+M_n = 1.6748e-24 // mass of neutron in g
+M_d = 3.3433e-24 // mass of deuteron in g
+c= 3e8 // speed of light in m/s
+// sample problem 15b page No. 306
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 15b # \n")
+
+printf("\n Standard formula used E = m*c^2")
+del_m = M_p + M_n - M_d // calculation of Loss in mass during formation of 1 atom of hydrogen
+
+b_e = (del_m / 1000) * c^2 / (1.6e-19 * 1e6) // calculation of Binding energy of deuteron
+
+printf ("\n Binding energy of deuteron is %f MeV.", b_e)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.4.1/8_4a.txt b/1172/CH8/EX8.4.1/8_4a.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f1f678f6a --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.4.1/8_4a.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ + # Problem 4a #
+Standard formula r2/r1 = (t2/t1)^(2/3)
+ Relative speed of satellite s2 wrt satellite s1 is -3.769911e+04 km/h.
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.4.1/Example8_4a.sce b/1172/CH8/EX8.4.1/Example8_4a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..20127990d --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.4.1/Example8_4a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+t1 = 1 // time period of satellite s1 in hours
+t2 = 8 // time period of satellite s2 in hour
+r1 = 1.2e4 // radius of orbit of satellite s1 in km
+
+// sample problem 4a page No. 300
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 4a # \n")
+
+printf("Standard formula r2/r1 = (t2/t1)^(2/3)")
+r2 = r1 * (t2/t1)^(2/3) // calculation of radius of orbit of satellite s2 in km
+v1 = 2 * %pi * r1 / t1 // calculation of speed of satellite s1 in km/h
+v2 = 2 * %pi * r2 / t2 // calculation of speed of satellite s2 in km/h
+del_v = v2 - v1 // calculation of relative speed of satellites in km/h
+
+printf (" \n Relative speed of satellite s2 wrt satellite s1 is %e km/h.", del_v)
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.4.2/8_4b.txt b/1172/CH8/EX8.4.2/8_4b.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..ce99d3809 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.4.2/8_4b.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +# Problem 4b #
+Standard formula r2/r1 = (t2/t1)^(2/3)
+ Relative angular speed of satellite s2 for satellite s1 is -1.047198e+00 rad/h.
+
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.4.2/Example8_4b.sce b/1172/CH8/EX8.4.2/Example8_4b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6c224276e --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.4.2/Example8_4b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+t1 = 1 // time period of satellite s1 in hour
+t2 = 8 // time period of satellite s2 in hour
+r1 = 1.2e4 // radius of orbit of satellite s1 in km
+
+// sample problem 4b page No. 300
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 4b # \n")
+
+printf("Standard formula r2/r1 = (t2/t1)^(2/3)")
+r2 = r1 * (t2/t1)^(2/3) // calculation of radius of orbit of satellite s2 in km
+v1 = 2 * %pi * r1 / t1 // calculation of speed of satellite s1 in km/h
+v2 = 2 * %pi * r2 / t2 // calculation of speed of satellite s2 in km/h
+del_v = v2 - v1 // calculation of relative speed of satellites in km/h
+del_r = r2 - r1 // calculation of closest distance between satellite s1 and s2
+v_angular = del_v / del_r // calculation of angular speed in rad/h
+printf (" \n Relative angular speed of satellite s2 for satellite s1 is %e rad/h.", v_angular)
+
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.5/8_5.txt b/1172/CH8/EX8.5/8_5.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..078e6483a --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.5/8_5.txt @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ + # Problem 5 #
+Standard formula used
+ v_o = sqrt(G*M_e/r)
+
+ T = 2 * pi * r / v_o
+
+ Orbital velocity of satellite is 6.660936 km/s
+ period of revolution is 2.363462 h.
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.5/Example8_5.sce b/1172/CH8/EX8.5/Example8_5.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..2d3a9aa31 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.5/Example8_5.sce @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+h = 2620 // distance of satellite from surface of Earth in km
+R_e = 6400 // radius of Earth in km
+M_e = 6e24 // mass of Earth in kg
+G = 6.67e-11 // universal gravitational constant
+
+// sample problem 5 page No. 300
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 5 # \n")
+
+printf("Standard formula used \n\t v_o = sqrt(G*M_e/r) \n ")
+printf("\n \t T = 2 * pi * r / v_o \n ")
+r = R_e + h
+v_o = sqrt(G * M_e / (r * 1e3))
+T = 2 * %pi * r*1000 / (v_o*3600)
+printf ("\n Orbital velocity of satellite is %f km/s \n period of revolution is %f h.",v_o / 1000, T)
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.6/8_6.txt b/1172/CH8/EX8.6/8_6.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..9d8b0e808 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.6/8_6.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ + # Problem 6 #
+Standard formula used v_o = sqrt(G*M_e/r)
+ Standard formula used T = 2 * pi * r / v_o
+
+ Orbital velocity of satellite is 7.727615 km/s
+ period of revolution is 1.508719 h.
+
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.6/Example8_6.sce b/1172/CH8/EX8.6/Example8_6.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..7c7233873 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.6/Example8_6.sce @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+h = 3e5 // distance of satellite from surface of Earth in m
+R_e = 6.38e6 // radius of Earth in km
+M_e = 6e24 // mass of Earth in kg
+g = 9.8 // gravitational acceleration in m/s2
+
+// sample problem 6 page No. 301
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 6 # \n")
+
+printf("Standard formula used v_o = sqrt(G*M_e/r) \n ")
+printf("Standard formula used T = 2 * pi * r / v_o \n ")
+r = R_e + h// calculation of effective distance between Earth and satellite
+
+G = g * R_e^2 / M_e// calculation of gravitational constant
+v_o = sqrt(G * M_e / r) / 1000// calculation of orbital velocity of satellite
+T = 2 * %pi * r / (v_o * 1000) / 3.6e3 // calculation of period of revolution of satellite
+
+printf ("\n Orbital velocity of satellite is %f km/s \n period of revolution is %f h.",v_o, T)
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.7/8_7.txt b/1172/CH8/EX8.7/8_7.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..aed6ce345 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.7/8_7.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + # Problem 7 #
+Standard formula used T = 2 * pi * sqrt ((r^3)/G*M_e)
+
+ Estimated mass of Earth is 6.331179e+24 kg.
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.7/Example8_7.sce b/1172/CH8/EX8.7/Example8_7.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6baa792af --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.7/Example8_7.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+t = 27.3 // period of lunar orbit around Earth in days
+r = 3.9e5 // distance of satellite from Earth in km
+G = 6.67e-11 // universal gravitational constant
+// sample problem 7 page No. 301
+printf("\n # Problem 7 # \n")
+printf("Standard formula used \n T = 2 * pi * sqrt ((r^3)/G*M_e) \n ")
+T = t * 24 * 60 * 60// calculation of time in seconds
+M_e = 4 * %pi^2 * (r * 1000)^3 / (G * T^2) // calculation of mass of Earth
+printf ("\n Estimated mass of Earth is %e kg.", M_e)
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.8/8_8.txt b/1172/CH8/EX8.8/8_8.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..522c5db7a --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.8/8_8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + # Problem 8 #
+Standard formula used T = 2 * pi * sqrt ((r^3)/G*M_e)
+
+ Estimated mass of Sun is 2.111447e+30 kg.
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.8/Example8_8.sce b/1172/CH8/EX8.8/Example8_8.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..a58a9e31a --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.8/Example8_8.sce @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+t = 1 // period of Earth's revolution around Sun in years
+r = 1.5e8 // distance between Sun and Earth in km
+G = 6.67e-11 // Universal gravitational constant
+// sample problem 8 page No. 302
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 8 # \n")
+printf("Standard formula used T = 2 * pi * sqrt ((r^3)/G*M_e) \n ")
+T = t * 24 * 60 * 60 *356// calculation of time period in seconds
+M_s = 4 * %pi^2 * (r * 1000)^3 / (G * T^2) // calculation of mass of Sun
+printf ("\n Estimated mass of Sun is %e kg.", M_s)
+
+
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.9/8_9.txt b/1172/CH8/EX8.9/8_9.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..4e1551c0f --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.9/8_9.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + # Problem 9 #
+Standard formula used U_f - U_i = 1/2 * m *(u^2 - v^2)
+
+ Height reached by rocket before returning is 2.586947e+09 km.
diff --git a/1172/CH8/EX8.9/Example8_9.sce b/1172/CH8/EX8.9/Example8_9.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..412f318d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH8/EX8.9/Example8_9.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+R_e = 6.4e6 // radius of Earth in km
+M_e = 6e24 // mass of Earth in kg
+G = 6.67e-11 // universal gravitational constant
+u = 6e3 // initial speed of rocket in m/s
+
+// sample problem 9 page No. 302
+printf("\n\n\n # Problem 9 # \n")
+
+printf("Standard formula used U_f - U_i = 1/2 * m *(u^2 - v^2)\n ")
+h = ((R_e * 1e3)^2 * u^2) / (2 * G * M_e - R_e * u^2) / 1000 // calculation of Height reached by rocket before returning to Earth
+
+printf ("\n Height reached by rocket before returning is %e km.",h)
diff --git a/1172/CH9/EX9.1/9_1.txt b/1172/CH9/EX9.1/9_1.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..aff440139 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH9/EX9.1/9_1.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + # Problem 1 #
+Standard formula used
+ M = m - 2.5log(L/L_0)
+ In two days novas brightness is increased by 160000 times nearly
diff --git a/1172/CH9/EX9.1/Example9_1.sce b/1172/CH9/EX9.1/Example9_1.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..5af7d8f50 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH9/EX9.1/Example9_1.sce @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+m_i = 15 // initial magnitude of supernova
+m_f = 2 // final magnitude of supernova
+// sample problem 1 page No. 332
+printf("\n # Problem 1 # \n")
+
+printf("Standard formula used \n\t M = m - 2.5log(L/L_0) ")
+del_m = m_i - m_f // calculation of change in magnitude
+brightness_ratio = 100^(del_m/5) // calculation of increment in brightness ratio.
+printf ("\n In two days novas brightness is increased by %d times nearly", ceil(brightness_ratio / 10000)*10000 )
diff --git a/1172/CH9/EX9.2.1/9_2a.txt b/1172/CH9/EX9.2.1/9_2a.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..76b9f04b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH9/EX9.2.1/9_2a.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + # Problem 2a #
+Standard formula used
+ M = m - 2.5log(L/L_0)
+ Change in magnitude is 0.752575 times
diff --git a/1172/CH9/EX9.2.1/Example9_2a.sce b/1172/CH9/EX9.2.1/Example9_2a.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..f3e347b17 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH9/EX9.2.1/Example9_2a.sce @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +clc
+//Given that
+b_ratio = 2 // ratio of light output in a period
+// sample problem 2a page No. 333
+printf("\n # Problem 2a # \n")
+
+printf("Standard formula used \n\t M = m - 2.5log(L/L_0) ")
+del_m = 2.5 * log10(b_ratio) // calulation of change in magnitude
+printf ("\n Change in magnitude is %f times", del_m )
diff --git a/1172/CH9/EX9.2.2/9_2b.txt b/1172/CH9/EX9.2.2/9_2b.txt new file mode 100755 index 000000000..8d576c589 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH9/EX9.2.2/9_2b.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + # Problem 2b #
+Standard formula used
+ M = m - 2.5log(L/L_0)
+ Capella is 155.688334 times brighter than sun.
diff --git a/1172/CH9/EX9.2.2/Example9_2b.sce b/1172/CH9/EX9.2.2/Example9_2b.sce new file mode 100755 index 000000000..e3f01e302 --- /dev/null +++ b/1172/CH9/EX9.2.2/Example9_2b.sce @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +clc
+// given that
+m_capella = 0.05 // magnitude of brightness of capella at 14 parsecs
+m_sun = 4.8 // absolute magnitude of brightness of sun
+d = 14 // distance of capella in parsecs
+D = 10 // distance of capella considerd for observation
+// sample problem 2b page No. 333
+printf("\n # Problem 2a # \n")
+
+printf("Standard formula used \n\t M = m - 2.5log(L/L_0) ")
+M_capella = m_capella - 5*log10(d/D) // calculation of absolute magnitude of brightness at distance of 10 parsecs
+del_m = m_sun - M_capella // difference between absolute magnitude of sun and capella
+ratio = 10^(del_m/2.5)
+printf ("\n Capella is %f times brighter than sun.", ratio )
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