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+//Harriot P.,2003,Chemical Reactor Design (I-Edition) Marcel Dekker,Inc.,USA,pp 436.
+//Chapter-7 Ex7.7 Pg No.304
+//Title:Apparent value of kLa, regime of operation and selectivity dependency on gas mixing
+//======================================================================================================================
+clear
+clc
+//INPUT
+Vol_reactor=35;//Volume of reactor(L)
+No_reactor=3;//No. of reactor
+T_C=155;//Operating Temperature (°C)
+T_ref=273;//Reference Temperature (°C)
+T_K= T_C+T_ref;//Operating Temperature (K)
+P=8.2;//Operating Pressure (atm)
+X_conversion=9.5*10^(-2);//Conversion
+S=73*10^(-2);//Selectivity
+M_cyclohexane=84.16;//Molecular weight of cyclohexane
+F_cyclohexane=100;//Feed rate of cyclohexane (L/hr)
+F_air=9.9;//Feed rate of air (nm3/hr)
+f_O2_air=0.21;//Fraction of O2 in air
+V_ref=22400;//Reference volume at STP(cm3/mol)
+y_O2=0.002;//O2 in vent gas
+f_O2_consumed=0.99;//Fraction of O2 Consumed
+rho_cyclohexane=0.779;//Density of cyclohexane at 20 (°C)
+main_pdt_ratio=3/2;
+by_pdt_ratio=(1-main_pdt_ratio);
+stoi_rxn_O2=[0.5 1];
+rho_M=0.650;//Density of Cyclohexane at 155 (°C)
+P_dash=5.8;//Vapour Pressure of cyclohexane at 155 (°C)
+D_reactor=30;//Diameter of reactor (cm)
+h_reactor=50;//Height of reactor (cm)
+myu_20=0.98;//(cp) Viscosity at 20(°C) 
+myu_155=0.2// (cp) Viscosity at 155(°C)
+x_O2=6.38*(10^(-6));//Mol fraction of O2
+D_B_by_D_A=0.5;//Assumed value (refer Ex7.7)
+Phi=20;//Refer Fig. 7.7
+n=1/(0.7);
+
+
+//CALCULATION (Ex7.7.a )
+F_O2=(F_air*10^(6)*f_O2_air)/(3600*V_ref);
+delta_N_O2=F_O2*f_O2_consumed;
+F_C6=(F_cyclohexane*10^(3)*rho_cyclohexane)/(3600*M_cyclohexane)
+F_prdts=F_C6*X_conversion*S;
+F_O2_prdts=F_prdts*(main_pdt_ratio*stoi_rxn_O2(1)+by_pdt_ratio*stoi_rxn_O2(2));
+F_O2_remain_used=delta_N_O2-F_O2_prdts;
+F_O2_prdts_conver=F_O2_prdts/(F_C6*X_conversion*S);
+F_O2_remain_used_conver=F_O2_remain_used/(F_C6*X_conversion*(1-S));
+X_O2=10^(0.366*log10(T_K)-3.8385);//O2 solubility from Wild et al. [37]:
+PO2_plus_PN2=P-P_dash;
+P_O2=y_O2*PO2_plus_PN2;
+x_O2=P_O2*X_O2;//Mol fraction of O2
+C_M=rho_M*10^(3)/M_cyclohexane;
+C_O2_star=C_M*x_O2;
+
+//Assume each reactor has 30 L solution
+V_soln_n=30;//Volume of solution in each reactor 
+apparent_kLa=(delta_N_O2)/(V_soln_n*No_reactor*C_O2_star);
+F_total=(F_air*10^(6)/3600)*(T_K/T_ref)*(8.2/2.4)*(1/8.2);//The total vapor flow is 8.2/2.4 times the air flow
+CSA_reactor=%pi*(D_reactor^2)/4;
+u_g=F_total/(CSA_reactor*No_reactor);
+//Calculation for predicted value of kLa
+kLa_20=0.16;//From Figure 7.16, for O2–C6H12 at 20 (°C), 2 cm/sec, 5 kW/m3
+T_data=20+T_ref;//Temperature at which data is taken from the table
+D_155_by_D_20=(T_K/T_data)*(myu_20/myu_155);
+Predicted_kLa=kLa_20*(D_155_by_D_20^(0.5))*(u_g/2)^(0.5);
+
+//CALCULATION (Ex7.7.b )
+C_M=rho_M*10^(3)/M_cyclohexane;
+C_B0=(1-X_conversion)*C_M;
+C_Ai=C_M*x_O2;
+Phi_a=(1+(C_B0/(C_Ai*n))*(D_B_by_D_A)^(0.5));
+ratio=Phi_a/Phi;
+
+//OUTPUT (Ex7.7.a )
+mprintf('\n OUTPUT Ex7.7.a');
+mprintf('\n==========================================================');
+mprintf('\nThe value of apparent kLa: %0.2f (sec-1)',apparent_kLa);
+mprintf('\n The value of predicted kLa: %0.2f (sec-1)',Predicted_kLa);
+if (apparent_kLa>Predicted_kLa)
+     mprintf('\nThe absorption of oxygen is greatly enhanced by chemical reactions in the liquid film')
+     mprintf('\nThe kinetics can be approximated by a first-order expression,the reaction would fall in the pseudo-first-order regime,\nwhere the rate varies with the square root of the oxygen diffusivity and the rate constant.')
+end
+
+//OUTPUT (Ex7.7.b )
+mprintf('\n\n\n OUTPUT Ex7.7.b');
+mprintf('\n==========================================================');
+mprintf('\nThe value of Phi (enhancement factor) %0.4E ',Phi_a);
+mprintf('\nThe value of ratio Phi_a_by_Phi:%0.1E',ratio);
+mprintf('\nFrom the ratio value Phi_a is greater than Phi hence there is no significant gradient for cyclohexane');
+
+// FILE OUTPUT
+fid= mopen('.\Chapter7-Ex7-Output.txt','w');
+mfprintf(fid,'\n OUTPUT Ex7.7.a');
+mfprintf(fid,'\n==========================================================');
+mfprintf(fid,'\nThe value of apparent kLa: %0.2f (sec-1)',apparent_kLa);
+mfprintf(fid,'\n The value of predicted kLa: %0.2f (sec-1)',Predicted_kLa);
+if (apparent_kLa>Predicted_kLa)
+     mfprintf(fid,'\nThe absorption of oxygen is greatly enhanced by chemical reactions in the liquid film')
+     mfprintf(fid,'\nThe kinetics can be approximated by a first-order expression,the reaction would fall in the pseudo-first-order regime,\nwhere the rate varies with the square root of the oxygen diffusivity and the rate constant.')
+end
+mfprintf(fid,'\n\n\n OUTPUT Ex7.7.b');
+mfprintf(fid,'\n==========================================================');
+mfprintf(fid,'\nThe value of Phi (enhancement factor) %0.4E ',Phi_a);
+mfprintf(fid,'\nThe value of ratio Phi_a_by_Phi:%0.1E',ratio);
+mfprintf(fid,'\nFrom the ratio value Phi_a is greater than Phi hence there is no significant gradient for cyclohexane');
+mclose(fid);
+//==========================================================END OF PROGRAM===============================================
+
+