initial commit / add all books

18 files changed, 403 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/716/CH2/EX2.1/MatLab_Prog2_1.sce b/716/CH2/EX2.1/MatLab_Prog2_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..cd67b0423
--- /dev/null
+++ b/716/CH2/EX2.1/MatLab_Prog2_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+//to generate standard signals like unit impulse,unit step,unit ramp,parabolic,sinusoidal,triangular pulse,signum,sinc and Gaussian signals

+clc;

+clear;

+t=-15:0.1:15;

+x=1.*(t==0);

+subplot(3,3,1)

+plot(t,x);

+xtitle('unit impulse signal','time t','signal x(t)');

+x=1.*(t>=0);

+subplot(3,3,2)

+plot(t,x);

+xtitle('unit step signal','time t','signal x(t)');

+x=t.*(t>=0);

+subplot(3,3,3)

+plot(t,x);

+xtitle('unit ramp signal','time t','signal x(t)');

+x=0.4*(t^2);

+subplot(3,3,4)

+plot(t,x);

+xtitle('parabolic signal','time t','signal x(t)');

+x=sin(%pi/5*t);

+subplot(3,3,5)

+plot(t,x);

+xtitle('sinusoidal signal','time t','signal x(t)');

+x=1-abs(t)/2;

+subplot(3,3,6)

+plot(t,x);

+xtitle('triangular signal','time t','signal x(t)');

+x=-1.*(t<0)+1.*(t>=0);

+subplot(3,3,7)

+plot(t,x);

+xtitle('signum signal','time t','signal x(t)');

+

+t1=0.01:0.01:15;

+x1=(sin(t1)./t1).*(t1>0.01)

+t2=-15:0.01:-0.01

+x2=(sin(t2)./t2).*(t2<-0.01)

+subplot(3,3,8)

+plot(t1,x1,t2,x2);

+xtitle('sinc signal','time t','signal x(t)');

+

+t=-15:0.01:15;

+x=exp(-1*1.*(t.^2));

+subplot(3,3,9)

+plot(t,x);

+xtitle('guassian signal','time t','signal x(t)');
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/716/CH2/EX2.13.a/Solved_Ex2_13a.sce b/716/CH2/EX2.13.a/Solved_Ex2_13a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0cacda391
--- /dev/null
+++ b/716/CH2/EX2.13.a/Solved_Ex2_13a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//Test the Given systems for linearity,y(t)=t*x(t)

+clc;

+clear;

+function x=f1(t),x=t; ,endfunction//x function of t

+function y=f(t,x), y=x; ,endfunction//y function of y and t

+t=-5:0.1:5;

+x1=f1(t);

+x2=f1(t);

+x3=x1+x2;

+if f(t,x3)==(f(t,x1)+f(t,x2));

+    disp('system is linear');

+    else

+    disp('system is non linear');

+end

diff --git a/716/CH2/EX2.13.b/Solved_Ex2_13b.sce b/716/CH2/EX2.13.b/Solved_Ex2_13b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d0b221ac5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/716/CH2/EX2.13.b/Solved_Ex2_13b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//Test the Given systems for linearity,y(t)=x(t^2)

+clc;

+clear;

+function x=f1(t),x=t'*t; ,endfunction//x function of t^2

+function y=f(t,x), y=x; ,endfunction//y function of y and t

+t=-5:0.1:5;

+x1=f1(t);

+x2=f1(t);

+x3=x1+x2;

+if f(t,x3)==(f(t,x1)+f(t,x2));

+    disp('system is linear');

+    else

+    disp('system is non linear');

+end

diff --git a/716/CH2/EX2.13.c/Solved_Ex2_13c.sce b/716/CH2/EX2.13.c/Solved_Ex2_13c.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..bf2540ded
--- /dev/null
+++ b/716/CH2/EX2.13.c/Solved_Ex2_13c.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//Test the Given systems for linearity,y(t)=x^2(t)

+clc;

+clear;

+function x=f1(t),x=t; ,endfunction//x function of t

+function y=f(t,x), y=x*x'; ,endfunction//y function of x and t

+t=-5:0.1:5;

+x1=f1(t);

+x2=f1(t);

+x3=x1+x2;

+if f(t,x3)==(f(t,x1)+f(t,x2));

+    disp('system is linear');

+    else

+    disp('system is non linear');

+end

diff --git a/716/CH2/EX2.13.d/Solved_Ex2_13d.sce b/716/CH2/EX2.13.d/Solved_Ex2_13d.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..90f24052a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/716/CH2/EX2.13.d/Solved_Ex2_13d.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//Test the Given systems for linearity,y(t)=Ax(t)+B

+clc;

+clear;

+function x=f1(t),x=t; ,endfunction//x function of t

+function y=f(t,x), y=5*x+2; ,endfunction//y function of x and t

+t=-5:0.1:5;

+x1=f1(t);

+x2=f1(t);

+x3=x1+x2;

+if f(t,x3)==(f(t,x1)+f(t,x2));

+    disp('system is linear');

+    else

+    disp('system is non linear');

+end

diff --git a/716/CH2/EX2.13.e/Solved_Ex2_13e.sce b/716/CH2/EX2.13.e/Solved_Ex2_13e.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..780a7804f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/716/CH2/EX2.13.e/Solved_Ex2_13e.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//Test the Given systems for linearity,y(t)=exp(x(t))

+clc;

+clear;

+function x=f1(t),x=t; ,endfunction//x function of t

+function y=f(t,x), y=exp(x); ,endfunction//y function of t and x

+t=-5:0.1:5;

+x1=f1(t);

+x2=f1(t);

+x3=x1+x2;

+if f(t,x3)==(f(t,x1)+f(t,x2));

+    disp('system is linear');

+    else

+    disp('system is non linear');

+end

diff --git a/716/CH2/EX2.22.b/Solved_Ex2_22b.sce b/716/CH2/EX2.22.b/Solved_Ex2_22b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..348e13afd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/716/CH2/EX2.22.b/Solved_Ex2_22b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//Perform Convolution of signals->x1=exp(-at)  0<=t<=T and x2=1    0<=t<=2T

+clc;

+clear;

+t=0:0.01:5;

+a=5;

+T=12;

+x1=exp(-a*t).*(t>=0&t<=T);

+x2=1.*(t>=0&t<=2*T);

+subplot(1,2,1)

+plot(t,x1);

+subplot(1,2,2)

+plot(t,x2);

+

+x=convol(x1,x2);

+t1=0:1:(length(x)-1);

+xset('window',1);

+plot(t1,x);

diff --git a/716/CH2/EX2.23.a/Solved_Ex2_23a.sce b/716/CH2/EX2.23.a/Solved_Ex2_23a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..7bad5d920
--- /dev/null
+++ b/716/CH2/EX2.23.a/Solved_Ex2_23a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//Perform Convolution of following signals

+//x1(t)=1 for 0<t<2 & x2(t)=1 for 0<t<1 & x2(t)=-1 for 1<t<2

+

+clc;

+clf;

+clear;

+

+t=-0.01:0.01:8;

+x1=1.*(0<=t&t<=2);

+x2=1.*(t>=0&t<=1)+(-1).*(t>=1&t<=2);

+y=convol(x1,x2);//performs convolution

+

+subplot(131)

+isoview(0,8,-5,5);

+plot(t,x1);//first signal

+xtitle('first signal X1(t)','time t','x1(t)');

+

+subplot(132)

+isoview(0,8,-5,5);

+plot(t,x2);//second signal

+xtitle('second signal X2(t)','time t','x2(t)');

+

+t1=0:0.01:(length(y)-1)*0.01;//sets time vector for y,output

+

+subplot(133)

+plot(t1,0.01*y);//output signal

+xtitle('convolution signal,x3(t)= X1(t)*x2(t)','time t','x3(t)');
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/716/CH2/EX2.3.a/Solved_Ex2_3a.sce b/716/CH2/EX2.3.a/Solved_Ex2_3a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ef07f617c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/716/CH2/EX2.3.a/Solved_Ex2_3a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//Determine Even and Odd part of a CT signal x(t)=exp(t)

+clc;

+clear;

+clf;

+t=-10:0.01:10;

+x1=exp(t);

+x2=exp(-1*t);

+Xe=(x1+x2)/2;

+Xo=(x1-x2)/2;

+

+subplot(221)

+plot(t,x1);

+xtitle('the signal x(t)=exp(t)','time t','signal x(t)');

+

+subplot(222)

+plot(t,x2);

+xtitle('the signal x(-t)=exp(-t)','time t','signal x(t)');

+

+subplot(223)

+plot(t,Xe);

+xtitle('even part of the signal,Xe(t)=(x(t)+x(-t))/2','time t','signal x(t)');

+

+subplot(224)

+plot(t,Xo);

+xtitle('odd part of the signal,Xo(t)=(x(t)-x(-t))/2','time t','signal x(t)');
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/716/CH2/EX2.3.b/Solved_Ex2_3b.sce b/716/CH2/EX2.3.b/Solved_Ex2_3b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b24dd5221
--- /dev/null
+++ b/716/CH2/EX2.3.b/Solved_Ex2_3b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+//Determine Even and Odd part of a CT signal x(t)=3+2t+5t*t

+clc;

+clear;

+clf;

+t=poly(0,"t");

+x1=3+2*t+5*t.*t;

+x2=3+2*(-1)*t+5*t.*t;

+Xe=(x1+x2)/2;

+Xo=(x1-x2)/2;

+disp(Xe,'even part of Given function=>');

+disp(Xo,'odd part of Given function=>');

+

+t=-20:0.01:20;

+x1=3+2*t+5*t.*t;

+x2=3+2*(-1)*t+5*t.*t;

+Xe=(x1+x2)/2;

+Xo=(x1-x2)/2;

+subplot(221)

+plot(t,x1);

+xtitle('the signal x(t)=3+2t+5t*t','time t','signal x(t)');

+

+subplot(222)

+plot(t,x2);

+xtitle('the signal x(-t)=3-2t+5t*t','time t','signal x(t)');

+

+subplot(223)

+plot(t,Xe);

+xtitle('even part of the signal,Xe(t)=(x(t)+x(-t))/2','time t','signal x(t)');

+

+subplot(224)

+plot(t,Xo);

+xtitle('odd part of the signal,Xo(t)=(x(t)-x(-t))/2','time t','signal x(t)');
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/716/CH2/EX2.3.c/Solved_Ex2_3c.sce b/716/CH2/EX2.3.c/Solved_Ex2_3c.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0ddc10e23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/716/CH2/EX2.3.c/Solved_Ex2_3c.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//Determine Even and Odd part of a CT signal x(t)=sin(2t)+cos(t)+sin(t)*cos(2t)

+clc;

+clear;

+clf;

+t=-20:0.01:20;

+x1=sin(2*t)+cos(t)+sin(t).*cos(2*t);

+x2=sin(-2*t)+cos(-1*t)+sin(-1*t).*cos(-2*t);

+Xe=(x1+x2)/2;

+Xo=(x1-x2)/2;

+disp(Xe,'even part of Given function=>');

+disp(Xo,'odd part of Given function=>');

+

+subplot(221)

+plot(t,x1);

+xtitle('the signal x(t)=exp(t)','time t','signal x(t)');

+

+subplot(222)

+plot(t,x2);

+xtitle('the signal x(-t)=exp(-t)','time t','signal x(t)');

+

+subplot(223)

+plot(t,Xe);

+xtitle('even part of the signal,Xe(t)=(x(t)+x(-t))/2','time t','signal x(t)');

+

+subplot(224)

+plot(t,Xo);

+xtitle('odd part of the signal,Xo(t)=(x(t)-x(-t))/2','time t','signal x(t)');
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/716/CH2/EX2.3/MatLab_Prog_Ex2_3.sce b/716/CH2/EX2.3/MatLab_Prog_Ex2_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..dd0d2873f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/716/CH2/EX2.3/MatLab_Prog_Ex2_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//find power of periodic signal x(t)=10sin(10*pi*t)

+clc;

+t=-0.5:0.01:0.5;

+x=10*sin(10*%pi*t);//given signal

+plot(t,x);

+n=length(t);

+

+//To calculate Power 

+xsq=abs(x).^2;//adds squares of all the 'x' values(integrates 'x^2' terms) 

+P=1/n*sum(xsq);//divide by n,to take the average rate of energy(gives power)

+disp('watts',P,'Power=');
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/716/CH2/EX2.4.a/Solved_Ex2_4a.sce b/716/CH2/EX2.4.a/Solved_Ex2_4a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..fdd84d7d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/716/CH2/EX2.4.a/Solved_Ex2_4a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//find power and energy of periodic signal x(t)=exp(-2t)*u(t)

+clc;

+//To plot signal*************************//

+t=-5:0.01:5;

+x=exp(-2*t).*(t>=0);//given signal

+plot(t,x);

+//**************************************//

+t=-50:0.01:50;

+x=exp(-2*t).*(t>=0);

+T=length(t);

+

+//To calculate Energy

+xsq=x.^2;//adds squares of all the 'x' values(integrates 'x^2' terms) 

+v=inttrap(t,xsq);

+disp('joules',v,'Energy');

+

+//To calculate Power 

+xsq=x.^2;

+P=1/T*v;//divide by 2T,to take the average rate of energy(gives power)

+disp('watts',P,'Power=');
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/716/CH2/EX2.4.b/Solved_Ex2_4b.sce b/716/CH2/EX2.4.b/Solved_Ex2_4b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..534c6e36b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/716/CH2/EX2.4.b/Solved_Ex2_4b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//find power of periodic signal x(t)=exp(j(2t+pi/4))

+clc;

+//To plot signal*************************//

+t=-5:0.01:5;

+x=exp(%i*(2.*t+%pi/4));//given signal

+plot(t,x);

+//***************************************//

+t=-50:0.01:50

+x=exp(%i*(2.*t+%pi/4));

+T=length(t);

+

+//To calculate Energy

+xsq=abs(x).^2;//adds squares of all the 'x' values(integrates 'x^2' terms) 

+v=sum(xsq);//energy

+

+//To calculate Power 

+P=1/T*sum(xsq);//divide by T,to take the average rate of energy(gives power)

+disp('watts',P,'Power=');
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/716/CH2/EX2.4.c/Solved_Ex2_4c.sce b/716/CH2/EX2.4.c/Solved_Ex2_4c.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a114d7aa9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/716/CH2/EX2.4.c/Solved_Ex2_4c.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//find power of periodic signal x(t)=3cos(5*w0*t)

+clc;

+//To plot signal*************************//

+t=-5:0.01:5;

+w0=0.25*%pi;

+x=3*cos(5*w0.*t);//given signal

+plot(t,x);

+//***************************************//

+t=-50:0.01:50;

+x=3*cos(5*w0.*t);

+T=length(t);

+

+//To calculate Energy

+xsq=x.^2;//adds squares of all the 'x' values(integrates 'x^2' terms) 

+v=sum(xsq);//energy

+

+//To calculate Power 

+xsq=x.^2;

+P=1/T*v;//divide by 2T,to take the average rate of energy(gives power)

+disp('watts',P,'Power=');
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/716/CH2/EX2.4/MatLab_Prog_Ex2_4.sce b/716/CH2/EX2.4/MatLab_Prog_Ex2_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c250770d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/716/CH2/EX2.4/MatLab_Prog_Ex2_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+//Perform Amplitude Scaling,Time Scaling and Time Shift on x(t)=1+t  for t=0 to 2

+clc;

+clear;

+clf;

+t=-5:0.01:5;

+x=(1+t).*(t>=0&t<=2)

+

+//Amplitude Scaling

+xset('window',0);

+subplot(131)

+plot(t,x);

+xtitle('the original signal x(t)=1+t for 0<=t<=2','time t','signal x(t)');

+

+subplot(132)

+plot(t,5*x);

+xtitle('amplitude scaling of x(t)=t','time t','signal 5*x(t)');

+

+subplot(133)

+plot(t,0.5*x);

+xtitle('amplitude scaling of x(t)=t','time t','signal 0.5*x(t)');

+

+//Time Scaling

+xset('window',1);

+subplot(131)

+plot(t,x);

+xtitle('the original signal x(t)=1+t for 0<=t<=2','time t','signal x(t)');

+

+subplot(132)

+plot(t*2,x);

+xtitle('Time Scaling of x(t)','time 2*t','signal x(2t)');

+

+subplot(133)

+plot(t/2,x);

+xtitle('Time Scaling of x(t)','time t/2','signal x(t/2)');

+

+//Time Shifting

+xset('window',2)

+subplot(131)

+plot(t,x);

+xtitle('the original signal x(t)=1+t for 0<=t<=2','time t','signal x(t)');

+

+subplot(132)

+t=t+3;

+plot(t,x);

+xtitle('Time Shifting of x(t)','time t','signal x(t-3)');

+

+subplot(133)

+t=t-6;

+plot(t,x);

+xtitle('Time Shifting of x(t)','time t+3','signal x(t+3)');
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/716/CH2/EX2.5/Solved_Ex2_5.sce b/716/CH2/EX2.5/Solved_Ex2_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..aeab01280
--- /dev/null
+++ b/716/CH2/EX2.5/Solved_Ex2_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//sketch x(-t) and x(2-t)

+//for x(t)=t for 0<=t<=3 and x(t)=0 for t>3

+clc;

+clear;

+clf;

+t=-5:0.01:5;

+x=t.*(t>=0&t<=3)+0.*(t>3);

+subplot(131)

+plot(t,x);//displays original function x(t)

+xtitle('the original signal x(t)=t for 0<=t<=3','time t','signal x(t)');

+

+t=-1*t;

+subplot(132)

+plot(t,x);//displays x(-t)

+xtitle('the signal x(-t)','time t','signal x(-t)');

+

+t=2+t;

+subplot(133)

+plot(t,x);//displays x(2-t)

+xtitle('the signal x(2-t)','time t','signal x(2-t)');
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/716/CH2/EX2.6/MatLab_ProgEx2_6.sce b/716/CH2/EX2.6/MatLab_ProgEx2_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..dc430d10e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/716/CH2/EX2.6/MatLab_ProgEx2_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//Perform Convolution of x1(t)=1 for 1<t<10 & x2(t)=1 for 2<t<10

+clc;

+t=0:0.01:15;

+x1=1.*(t>1&t<10);

+x2=1.*(t>2&t<10);

+y=convol(x1,x2);

+n=length(y);//setting time vector for y

+ty=0:1:(n-1);

+

+subplot(131)

+plot2d(t,x1);//first signal

+xtitle('first signal x1(t)=1 for 1<t<10','time t','x1(t)');

+

+subplot(132)

+plot2d(t,x2);//second signal

+xtitle('second signal x2(t)=1 for 2<t<10','time t','x2(t)');

+

+subplot(133)

+plot2d(ty,y);//output signal after convolution

+xtitle('convolution of x1 & x2','time t','x1(t)*x2(t)');
\ No newline at end of file