initial commit / add all books

83 files changed, 1839 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/539/CH10/EX10.1.a/Example_10_1a.sce b/539/CH10/EX10.1.a/Example_10_1a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..15c91ed5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH10/EX10.1.a/Example_10_1a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//Computation of Critical Nuclear Radius

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 10.1\n");

+

+printf("\n\tPart A");

+Hf=-1.16*10^9;  // in J/m^3  latent heat of fusion

+Y=0.132;  // in J/m^2  Surface energy

+Tm=1064+273;  // in K  Melting point of gold

+T=1064+273-230;  // in K  230 is supercooling value

+

+r=-2*Y*Tm/(Hf*(Tm-T));

+

+printf("\nCritical Radius is : %.2f nm\n",r/10^-9);

+

+G=16*%pi*Y^3*Tm^2/(3*Hf^2*(Tm-T)^2);

+

+printf("\nActivation free energy is : %.2e J\n",G);

+

+//end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH10/EX10.1.b/Example_10_1b.sce b/539/CH10/EX10.1.b/Example_10_1b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..04e505679
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH10/EX10.1.b/Example_10_1b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//Activation Free Energy

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 10.1\n");

+

+Hf=-1.16*10^9;  // in J/m^3  latent heat of fusion

+Y=0.132;  // in J/m^2  Surface energy

+Tm=1064+273;  // in K  Melting point of gold

+T=1064+273-230;  // in K  230 is supercooling value

+r=-2*Y*Tm/(Hf*(Tm-T));

+

+printf("\n\tPart B");

+a=0.413*10^-9;  // in m  Unit Cell edge length

+

+//unit cells per paticle

+u_c=4*%pi*r^3/(3*a^3);

+

+printf("\nUnit cells per paricle are : %d",u_c);

+printf("\nIn FCC there are 4 atoms per unit cell.\n");

+

+printf("\nTotal no. of atoms per critical nucleus are : %d\n",int(u_c)*4);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH10/EX10.2/Example_10_2.sce b/539/CH10/EX10.2/Example_10_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..33ffe94dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH10/EX10.2/Example_10_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//Determination the rate of recrystallization

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 10.2\n");

+n=5;

+y=0.3;

+t=100;          //in min

+

+

+k=-log(1-y)/t^n;

+

+thalf=(-log(1-0.5)/k)^(1/n);

+

+rate=1/thalf;

+

+printf("\nRate is %.2e (min)^-1\n",rate);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH12/EX12.1/Example_12_1.sce b/539/CH12/EX12.1/Example_12_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0cafe2f4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH12/EX12.1/Example_12_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//Computation of Minimum Caion-to-Anion Radius Ratio forCo-ordination No. of 3

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 12.1\n");

+

+printf("\nFor equilateral triangle after joining centres of the atoms \nAngle = 30\n");

+

+a=30;

+

+ratio=(1-cos(30*%pi/180))/cos(30*%pi/180);

+

+printf("\nCation to anion raio is : %.3f\n",ratio);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH12/EX12.2/Example_12_2.sce b/539/CH12/EX12.2/Example_12_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3d1070ca2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH12/EX12.2/Example_12_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//Ceramic Crystal structure prediction

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 12.2\n");

+

+r_Fe=0.077;  // in nm Radius of iron cation Fe++

+

+r_O=0.140;  //in nm  Radius of Oxygen anion O--

+

+ratio=r_Fe/r_O;

+

+printf("\nRatio is : %0.3f",ratio);

+

+if ratio>0.414 & ratio<0.732 then

+    printf("\nCo-ordinaton no. is 6");

+    printf("\nStructure is Rock Salt type\n");

+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH12/EX12.3/Example_12_3.sce b/539/CH12/EX12.3/Example_12_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6b2c383a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH12/EX12.3/Example_12_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//Theoretical Density Determination for NaCl

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample12.3\n");

+

+A_Na=22.99;  // in g/mol

+A_Cl=35.45;  //in g/mol

+

+r_Na=0.102*10^-7;  //in cm Radius of Na+ ion

+r_Cl=0.181*10^-7;  //in cm Radius of Cl- ion

+

+a=2*(r_Na+r_Cl);

+V=a^3;

+

+n=4;  //For FCC, no. of atoms are 4 per crystal

+

+Na=6.023*10^23;  //Avogadro number

+

+density=n*(A_Na+A_Cl)/(V*Na);

+

+printf("\nDensity is : %0.2f g/cm^3\n",density);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH12/EX12.4/Example_12_4.sce b/539/CH12/EX12.4/Example_12_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..874891e57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH12/EX12.4/Example_12_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+//Computation of the No. of Schottky Defects in KCl

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 12.4\n");

+

+Na=6.023*10^23;  //Avogadro number

+density=1.955;  //in g/cm^3

+

+A_K=39.1;  //in g/mol

+A_Cl=35.45;  //in g/mol

+

+N=Na*density*10^6/(A_K+A_Cl);

+

+printf("\nNo. of lattice points are : %0.2f * 10 ^ 28 /m^3\n",N/10^28);

+

+Qs=2.6;  // in eV

+k=8.62*10^-5;  // in eV/K  Boltzmann Constant

+T=500+273;  // in K

+

+Ns=N*%e^(-Qs/(2*k*T));

+

+printf("\nSchottky Defects are : %0.2f * 10 ^ 19 /m^3\n",Ns/10^19);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH12/EX12.5/Example_12_5.sce b/539/CH12/EX12.5/Example_12_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ad53f44bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH12/EX12.5/Example_12_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//Determination of Possible Point Defect Types

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 12.5\n");

+

+disp("Replacement of Na+ by a Ca++ ion introduces one extra positive charge");

+

+disp("Removal of a positive charge is accomplished by the formation of one Na+ vacancy");

+

+disp("Alternatively, a Cl- interstitial will supply an additional negative charge, negating the effect of each Ca++ ion.");

+

+disp("The formation of this defect is highly unlikely.");

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH14/EX14.2.a/Example_14_2a.sce b/539/CH14/EX14.2.a/Example_14_2a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d214aea7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH14/EX14.2.a/Example_14_2a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+//Computations of the Density

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 14.2\n");

+

+printf("\n\tPart A");

+Ac=12.01;  //in g/mol  Molecular weight of Carbon

+Ah=1.008;  //in g/mol  molecular weight of hydrogen

+a=7.41*10^-8;  //in cm

+b=4.94*10^-8;  //in cm

+c=2.55*10^-8;  //in cm

+Na=6.023*10^23;

+

+Vc=a*b*c;

+n=2;

+A=(2*Ac)+(4*Ah);

+

+density_c=n*A/(Vc*Na);

+

+printf("\nDensity is : %f g/cm^3\n",density_c);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH14/EX14.2.b/Example_14_2b.sce b/539/CH14/EX14.2.b/Example_14_2b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..03a985f99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH14/EX14.2.b/Example_14_2b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+//Percent Crystallinity of Polyethylene

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 14.2\n");

+

+printf("\n\tPart B");

+density_a=0.870;  // in g/cm^3

+density_s=0.925;  // in g/cm^3

+

+Ac=12.01;  //in g/mol  Molecular weight of Carbon

+Ah=1.008;  //in g/mol  molecular weight of hydrogen

+a=7.41*10^-8;  //in cm

+b=4.94*10^-8;  //in cm

+c=2.55*10^-8;  //in cm

+Na=6.023*10^23;

+

+Vc=a*b*c;

+n=2;

+A=(2*Ac)+(4*Ah);

+

+density_c=n*A/(Vc*Na);

+

+pc=density_c*(density_s-density_a)*100/(density_s*(density_c-density_a));

+

+printf("\npercentage crystallinity is : %.1f %%\n",pc);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH14/EX14.3.a/Example_14_3a.sce b/539/CH14/EX14.3.a/Example_14_3a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..add1a5de5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH14/EX14.3.a/Example_14_3a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//Computations of Diffusion Flux of Carbon dioxide through Plasic Beverage Container

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+function[A]= approx(V,n)

+    A= round(V*10^n)/10^n;

+    funcprot(0)

+endfunction

+

+printf("\tExample 14.3\n");

+

+printf("\n\tPart A");

+P1=400000; // in Pa  Pressure inside the bottle

+P2=400;  // in Pa  Pressure outside the bottle

+Pm=0.23*10^-13;  //Solubility Coefficient

+dx=0.05;  // in cm Thickness of wall

+

+J=approx(-Pm*(P2-P1)/dx,8);

+printf("\nDiffusion flux is : %.2f * 10 ^ -6 ",J/10^-6);

+printf("cm^3 STP/cm^2-s\n");

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH14/EX14.3.b/Example_14_3b.sce b/539/CH14/EX14.3.b/Example_14_3b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3ff38ddcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH14/EX14.3.b/Example_14_3b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+//Beverage Shell Life

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+function[A]= approx(V,n)

+    A= round(V*10^n)/10^n;

+    funcprot(0)

+endfunction

+

+printf("\tExample 14.3\n");

+

+P1=400000; // in Pa  Pressure inside the bottle

+P2=400;  // in Pa  Pressure outside the bottle

+Pm=0.23*10^-13;  //Solubility Coefficient

+dx=0.05;  // in cm Thickness of wall

+

+J=approx(-Pm*(P2-P1)/dx,8);

+

+printf("\n\tPart B");

+A=500;  //surface area of bottle in cm^2

+V_lose=750;  //cm^3 STP

+

+V=J*A;

+t=V_lose/V;

+time=t/(3600*24);

+

+printf("\nTime to escape is : %.2e sec or %d days\n",t,time);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH16/EX16.1.a/Example_16_1a.sce b/539/CH16/EX16.1.a/Example_16_1a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b3165dc9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH16/EX16.1.a/Example_16_1a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+clear;

+clc;

+

+x=poly([0],'x');

+printf("\tExample 16.1\n");

+

+printf("\n\tPart A");

+E_gf=69;  // in GPa  Elasticity of glass fibre

+mf_gf=0.4;  //Vol % of glass fibre

+E_pr=3.4;  // in GPa  Elasticity of poyester resin

+mf_pr=0.6;  //Vol % of polyester resin

+

+E_cl=(E_pr*mf_pr)+(E_gf*mf_gf);

+printf("\nModulus of elasticity of composite is : %f GPa\n",E_cl);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH16/EX16.1.b/Example_16_1b.sce b/539/CH16/EX16.1.b/Example_16_1b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ca8f6a244
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH16/EX16.1.b/Example_16_1b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+clear;

+clc;

+

+x=poly([0],'x');

+printf("\tExample 16.1\n");

+

+E_gf=69;  // in GPa  Elasticity of glass fibre

+mf_gf=0.4;  //Vol % of glass fibre

+E_pr=3.4;  // in GPa  Elasticity of poyester resin

+mf_pr=0.6;  //Vol % of polyester resin

+

+printf("\n\tPart B");

+Ac=250;  //mm^2

+sigma=50;  //MPa

+f=(E_gf*mf_gf)/(E_pr*mf_pr);

+Fc=Ac*sigma;  //N

+Fm=roots(f*x+x-Fc);  //N

+printf("\nFm is : %f N\n",Fm);

+

+Ff=Fc-Fm;

+printf("\nLoad carried by each of fiber and matrix phase is : %f N\n",Ff);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH16/EX16.1.c/Example_16_1c.sce b/539/CH16/EX16.1.c/Example_16_1c.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8066ebdec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH16/EX16.1.c/Example_16_1c.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+clear;

+clc;

+

+x=poly([0],'x');

+printf("\tExample 16.1\n");

+

+E_gf=69;  // in GPa  Elasticity of glass fibre

+mf_gf=0.4;  //Vol % of glass fibre

+E_pr=3.4;  // in GPa  Elasticity of poyester resin

+mf_pr=0.6;  //Vol % of polyester resin

+

+Ac=250;  //mm^2

+sigma=50;  //MPa

+f=(E_gf*mf_gf)/(E_pr*mf_pr);

+Fc=Ac*sigma;  //N

+Fm=roots(f*x+x-Fc);  //N

+

+Ff=Fc-Fm;

+

+printf("\n\tPart C");

+Am=mf_pr*Ac;

+Af=mf_gf*Ac;

+sigma_m=Fm/Am;

+sigma_f=Ff/Af;

+

+e_m=sigma_m/E_pr;  //Strain for matrix phase

+e_f=sigma_f/E_gf; //Strain for fiber phase

+

+printf("\nStrain for matrix phase is : %f\n",e_m);

+printf("\nStrain for fiber phase is : %f\n",e_f);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH16/EX16.2/Example_16_2.sce b/539/CH16/EX16.2/Example_16_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..61f618d10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH16/EX16.2/Example_16_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//Elastic Modulus Determination for a Glass Fiber-Reinforced Composite—Transverse Direction

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 16.2\n");

+E_gf=69;  // in GPa  Elasticity of glass fibre

+mf_gf=0.4;  //Vol % of glass fibre

+E_pr=3.4;  // in GPa  Elasticity of poyester resin

+mf_pr=0.6;  //Vol % of polyester resin

+

+E_ct=E_pr*E_gf/((E_pr*mf_gf)+(E_gf*mf_pr));  //GPa

+

+printf("\nIn transverse direction, modulus of elaticity is : %f GPa\n",E_ct);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH17/EX17.1/Example_17_1.sce b/539/CH17/EX17.1/Example_17_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f9047f214
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH17/EX17.1/Example_17_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+//Determination of Electrochemical Cell Characteristics

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 17.1\n");

+

+V_Cd=-0.403;  //Half Cell Potential of Cd++|Cd

+V_Ni=-0.250;  //Half Cell Potential of Ni++|Ni

+dV=V_Ni-V_Cd;

+printf("\nStandard Cell potential is : %f V\n",dV);

+

+C_Ni=10^-3;

+C_Cd=0.5;

+n=2;  //Net electron exchange in Redox reaction

+V=-dV-(0.0592*log10(C_Ni/C_Cd)/n);

+printf("\nNet EMF is : %f V\n",V);

+printf("\nHence\n");

+

+if V<0 then 

+    printf("\nNi is reduced & Cd is oxidised\n");

+else

+    printf("\nCd is reduced & Ni is oxidised\n");

+end

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH17/EX17.2.a/Example_17_2a.sce b/539/CH17/EX17.2.a/Example_17_2a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e13b391f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH17/EX17.2.a/Example_17_2a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+//Rate of Oxidation Computation

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 17.2a\n");

+

+//Activation polarisation data

+VH_H2=0;

+VZn_Zn2=-0.763;

+iZn=10^-7;

+iH2=10^-10;

+beta_Zn=0.09;

+beta_H2=-0.08;

+

+//Part i

+ic=10^[(VH_H2-VZn_Zn2-(beta_H2*log10(iH2))+(beta_Zn*log10(iZn)))/(beta_Zn-beta_H2)];

+

+disp(ic,'ic is ');

+

+n=2;              //Exchange of 2 electrons

+F=96500;          //Faradays constant

+

+r=ic/(n*F);

+printf("\ni) Rate of oxiadation is %.1f * 10^-10 mol/cm^2-s\n",r/10^-10);

+

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH17/EX17.2.b/Example_17_2b.sce b/539/CH17/EX17.2.b/Example_17_2b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..59603bc74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH17/EX17.2.b/Example_17_2b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 17.2b\n");

+

+//Activation polarisation data

+VH_H2=0;

+VZn_Zn2=-0.763;

+iZn=10^-7;

+iH2=10^-10;

+beta_Zn=0.09;

+beta_H2=-0.08;

+

+ic=10^[(VH_H2-VZn_Zn2-(beta_H2*log10(iH2))+(beta_Zn*log10(iZn)))/(beta_Zn-beta_H2)];

+

+//Part ii

+Vc=VH_H2+(beta_H2*log10(ic/iH2));

+printf("\nii) Corrosion potential is %.3f V\n",Vc);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH17/EX17.3/Example_17_3.sce b/539/CH17/EX17.3/Example_17_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..cc3464163
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH17/EX17.3/Example_17_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//Temperature Computation

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 17.3\n");

+

+dV=0.568;                 //Potential diff. b/w 2 electrodes

+V_Pb=-0.126;

+V_Zn=-0.763;

+

+C_Zn=0.01;

+C_Pb=0.0001;

+

+R=8.31;                //Gas constt

+F=96500;               //Faraday's constt

+n=2;                   //electron exchange

+

+T=-n*F*(dV-(V_Pb-V_Zn))/(R*log(C_Zn/C_Pb));

+

+printf("\nFinal temp is %.1f K\n",T);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH18/EX18.1/Example_18_1.sce b/539/CH18/EX18.1/Example_18_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3fe575aa2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH18/EX18.1/Example_18_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//Computation of the Room-Temperature Intrinsic Carrier Concentration for Gallium Arsenide

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\t Example 18.1\n");

+

+sigma=10^-6;  // (Ohm-m)^-1  Electrical Conductivity

+

+e=1.6*10^-19;  //Coulomb Charge on electron

+

+m_e=0.85; //m^2/V-s  Mobility of electron

+

+m_h=0.04; //m^2/V-s  Mobility of holes

+

+//ni is Intrinsic carrier concentration

+ni=sigma/(e*(m_e+m_h));

+

+printf("\n Intrinsic Carrier Concentration is: %f m^-3\n",ni);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH18/EX18.2/Example_18_2.sce b/539/CH18/EX18.2/Example_18_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..968b0865d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH18/EX18.2/Example_18_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//Electrical Conductivity Determination for Intrinsic Silicon at 150°C

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\t Example 18.2\n");

+

+e=1.6*10^-19;  //Coulomb Charge on electron

+

+ni=4*10^19; //For Si at 423 K   (m^-3)

+

+//Values of m_e and m_h are deduced from graphs at page No.689

+

+m_e=0.06;  //m^2/V-s  Mobility of electron

+

+m_h=0.022;  ////m^2/V-s  Mobility of holes

+

+//sigma is electrical conductivity

+sigma=ni*e*(m_e+m_h);

+

+printf("\nElectrical Conductivity is : %f (Ohm-m)^-1\n",sigma);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH18/EX18.3.b/Example_18_3b.sce b/539/CH18/EX18.3.b/Example_18_3b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5e4332c25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH18/EX18.3.b/Example_18_3b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+//Room-Temperature for Extrinsic Silicon

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 18.3\n");

+printf("\n\tPart B\n ");

+

+n=10^23; //m^-3  Carrier Concentration

+

+e=1.6*10^-19;  //Coulomb  Charge on electron

+

+//From graph 18.18 m_e is calculated corresponding to n=10^23

+

+m_e=0.07;  //m^2/V-s  Mobility of electron

+

+//For extrinsic n-type, the formula used is:

+

+sigma=n*e*m_e;

+

+printf("\nConductivity at n=10^23 is : %d (Ohm-m)^-1\n",sigma);

+

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH18/EX18.3.c/Example_18_3c.sce b/539/CH18/EX18.3.c/Example_18_3c.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..519a9f7b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH18/EX18.3.c/Example_18_3c.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//Elevated-Temperature Electrical Conductivity Calculations for Extrinsic Silicon

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 18.3\n");

+

+n=10^23; //m^-3  Carrier Concentration

+

+e=1.6*10^-19;  //Coulomb  Charge on electron

+

+printf("\n\tPart C\n");

+

+//From graph 18.19a m_e2 is calculated corresponding to 373 K

+

+m_e2=0.04;  //m^2/V-s  Mobility of electron

+

+sigma2=n*e*m_e2;

+

+printf("\nConductivity at T=373 K becomes : %d (Ohm-m)^-1\n",sigma2);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH18/EX18.4/Example_18_4.sce b/539/CH18/EX18.4/Example_18_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5a3384864
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH18/EX18.4/Example_18_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+//Hall Voltage Computation

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 18.4\n");

+

+sigma=3.8*10^7;  //(Ohm-m)^-1  Electrical Conductivity

+

+m_e=0.0012;  //m^2/V-s  Mobility of electron

+

+Rh=-m_e/sigma;  //Hall coefficient

+

+printf("\nHall coefficient is : %f * 10^-11 V-m/A-Tesla\n",Rh/10^-11);

+

+Ix=25;  //Ampere(A) Current

+

+d=15*10^-3; //m Thickness

+

+Bz=0.6;  //Tesla  Magnetic field

+

+Vh=Rh*Ix*Bz/d;

+

+printf("\nHall Voltage is : %f * 10^-8 V\n",Vh/10^-8);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH18/EX18.6/Design_Example_18_1.sce b/539/CH18/EX18.6/Design_Example_18_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..964ca930e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH18/EX18.6/Design_Example_18_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+//Acceptor Impurity Doping in Silicon

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tDesign Example 18.1\n");

+

+e=1.6D-19;                 //Charge on electron in Coulomb

+p=[10^22 10^21 8D21];      //Conc. of holes     m^-3

+uh=[0.04 0.045 0.04];      //Mobility of holes

+

+for i=1:3

+    sigma(i)=p(i)*e*uh(i);

+end

+

+disp('(Ohm-m)^-1',sigma(3),'conductivity is','m^2/V-s',uh(3),'m^-3',p(3),'For hole conc and mobility');

+

+Na=6.023D23;              //Avogadro no.

+den_Si=2.33D6;            //Density of silicon in g/m^3

+A_Si=28.09;               //Atomic weight of silicon

+

+N_Si=Na*den_Si/A_Si;

+

+

+Ca=p(3)/(p(3)+N_Si)*100;

+

+printf("\nThus, Silicon material must contain %.1f * 10^-5 %% B,Al,Ga or In\n",Ca/10^-5);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH19/EX19.1/Example_19_1.sce b/539/CH19/EX19.1/Example_19_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..271147ec5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH19/EX19.1/Example_19_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// Calculation of maximum temperature

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\t Example 19.1\n");

+

+To=20;  // Room Temperature (degree celsius)

+

+sigma=-172;  //Mpa  Compressive stress

+

+E=100*10^3;  //Mpa Young's modulus

+

+a=20*10^-6;  //Celsius^-1  Coefficient of thermal expansion

+

+Tf=To-(sigma/(E*a));

+

+printf("\nFinal Temperature is : %d C\n",Tf);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH19/EX19.2/Example_19_2.sce b/539/CH19/EX19.2/Example_19_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d6a717d3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH19/EX19.2/Example_19_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//Final temperature Calculation

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 19.2\n");

+

+m=10;               //mass in lbm

+dQ= 65;             //Heat supplied in Btu

+To=77;              //Initial temp in F

+

+Cp=375*2.39*10^-4;  //in Btu/lbm - F

+

+dT=dQ/(m*Cp);

+

+Tf=To+dT;

+

+printf("\nFinal temp is %.1f F\n",Tf);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH19/EX19.3/Example_19_3.sce b/539/CH19/EX19.3/Example_19_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4a48a3a36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH19/EX19.3/Example_19_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+//Computation of specific heats for Al and Fe

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 19.3\n");

+

+Cp_Al=900;             //In J/kg-K

+Cp_Fe=448;             //In j/kg-K

+

+beta_Al=1.77D-11;

+beta_Fe=2.65D-12;

+

+T=273;

+

+alphal_Al=23.6D-6;

+alphal_Fe=11.8D-6;

+

+alphav_Al=3*alphal_Al;

+alphav_Fe=3*alphal_Fe;

+

+den_Al=2.71D3;           //in kg/m^3

+den_Fe=7.87D3;           //in kg/m^3

+

+vo_Al=1/den_Al;

+vo_Fe=1/den_Fe;

+

+Cv_Al=Cp_Al-(alphav_Al^2*vo_Al*T/beta_Al);

+Cv_Fe=Cp_Fe-(alphav_Fe^2*vo_Fe*T/beta_Fe);

+

+printf("\nCv (Al) = %d J/kg-K",Cv_Al);

+printf("\nCv (Fe) = %d T/kg-K\n",Cv_Fe);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH20/EX20.1.a/Example_20_1_a.sce b/539/CH20/EX20.1.a/Example_20_1_a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..51cd3f4e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH20/EX20.1.a/Example_20_1_a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//Example 20.1 Calculation of saturation magnetisation and flux density for Nickel

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("Example 20.1\n");

+

+b_m=9.27*10^-24; //ampere*m^2  (Bohr Magneton)

+

+Na=6.023*10^23;  //atoms/mol  (Avogadro's No.)

+

+d=8.9*10^6;  //g/m^3   (density)

+

+uo=4*%pi*10^-7;  //Permitivity of free space

+

+A=58.71;  //g/mol  (Atomic weigth of Nickel)

+

+N=d*Na/A;  //No. of atoms per cubic meter

+

+// M is saturation magnetisation

+M=0.6*b_m*N;  //0.6= Bohr Magneton/atom

+

+printf("\nSaturation Magnetisation is : %d Ampere/m",M);

+

+

+

+// End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH20/EX20.1.b/Example_20_1_b.sce b/539/CH20/EX20.1.b/Example_20_1_b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ccb7d8834
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH20/EX20.1.b/Example_20_1_b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+//Example 20.1 Calculation of saturation magnetisation and flux density for Nickel

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("Example 20.1\n");

+

+b_m=9.27*10^-24; //ampere*m^2  (Bohr Magneton)

+

+Na=6.023*10^23;  //atoms/mol  (Avogadro's No.)

+

+d=8.9*10^6;  //g/m^3   (density)

+

+uo=4*%pi*10^-7;  //Permitivity of free space

+

+A=58.71;  //g/mol  (Atomic weigth of Nickel)

+

+N=d*Na/A;  //No. of atoms per cubic meter

+

+// M is saturation magnetisation

+M=0.6*b_m*N;  //0.6= Bohr Magneton/atom

+

+

+//B = Saturation Flux Density

+B=uo*M;

+

+printf("\nSaturation Flux Density is : %f Tesla\n",B);

+

+// End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH20/EX20.2/Example_20_2.sce b/539/CH20/EX20.2/Example_20_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..13b69719e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH20/EX20.2/Example_20_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//Example 20.2 Calculation of saturation magnetisation of Fe3O4

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("Example 20.2\n");

+

+a=0.839*10^-9; //a is edge length in m

+

+b_m=9.27*10^-24; //ampere*m^2  (Bohr Magneton)

+

+nb=8*4;    //8 is no. of Fe++ ions per unit cell

+           //4 is Bohr magnetons per Fe++ ion

+

+M=nb*b_m/a^3;  //M is Saturation magnetisation

+

+printf("\nSaturation Magnetisation is : %f Ampere/m\n",M);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH20/EX20.3/Design_Example_20_1.sce b/539/CH20/EX20.3/Design_Example_20_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..67cc49af4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH20/EX20.3/Design_Example_20_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//Design Example 20.1: Designing a cubic mixed-ferrite magnetic material

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf(" Design Example 20.1\n");

+

+x=poly([0],'x');  // Defining X

+

+Ms_Fe=5.25*10^5;  //Required saturation Magnetisation

+

+b_m=9.27*10^-24; //ampere*m^2  (Bohr Magneton)

+

+a=0.839*10^-9; //a is edge length in m

+

+M=5*10^5;  //From previous question result

+

+nb=Ms_Fe*a^3/b_m;

+

+// 'x' represent fraction of Mn++ that have substituted Fe++

+

+n=roots(8*[5*x+4*(1-x)]-nb);  //5 is Bohr magnetons per Fe++ ion

+                              //4 is Bohr magnetons per Mn++ ion

+

+printf("\nReplacing %f percent of Fe++ with Mn++ would produce the required saturation magnetisation\n",n*100);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH21/EX21.1/Example_21_1.sce b/539/CH21/EX21.1/Example_21_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ae2dcaa12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH21/EX21.1/Example_21_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//Example 20.1 Calculation of absorption coefficient

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 21.1\n");

+

+// x is thickness of glass(mm)

+x=200;

+

+//It is intensity of non-absorbed radiation

+//Io is intensity of non-relected radiation

+

+f=0.98;  //f=It/Io

+

+//b is absorption coefficient

+

+b=-log(f)/x;

+

+printf("\nAbsorption coefficient is %f mm^-1\n",b);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH21/EX21.2/Example_21_2.sce b/539/CH21/EX21.2/Example_21_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6a53cce94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH21/EX21.2/Example_21_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//Velocity of light in diamond

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 21.2\n");

+

+er=5.5;                   //Relative permitivity

+xm=-2.17D-5;              //Magnetic Suseptibility

+

+eo=8.85D-12;              //Permitivity in free space

+uo=4*%pi*10^-7;           //Permeability

+

+e=er*eo;

+u=uo*(1+xm);

+

+v=1/sqrt(u*e);

+

+printf("\nVelocity in diamond is %.2e m/s\n",v);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH21/EX21.3/Example_21_3.sce b/539/CH21/EX21.3/Example_21_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..05128eb14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH21/EX21.3/Example_21_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//Suitable material required

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 21.3\n");

+

+R=0.05;

+n=poly([0],'x');

+

+//R = (ns-1/ns+1)^2 leading to the equation

+//    0.95ns^2-2.1ns+0.95 = 0

+//HencE

+

+ns=roots((0.95*n^2)-(2.1*n)+0.95);

+

+disp(ns,'The values of ns are: ");

+printf("Thus, soda-lime glass, Pyrex glass, and polyprop would be suitable for this application.");

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH3/EX3.1/Example_3_1.sce b/539/CH3/EX3.1/Example_3_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f2ee6469e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH3/EX3.1/Example_3_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//Determination of FCC Unit Cell Volume

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 3.1\n");

+

+//For FCC a=2*R*sqrt(2)

+R=poly([0],'R');

+

+//Edge Length

+a=2*R*sqrt(2);

+

+//Volume determination

+V=a^3;

+

+disp(V,"Volume is");

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH3/EX3.11/Example_3_11.sce b/539/CH3/EX3.11/Example_3_11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c477af9f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH3/EX3.11/Example_3_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//Determination of Miller–Bravais Indices for a Plane Within a Hexagonal Unit Cell

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 3.11\n");

+

+//This plane intersects the a1 axis at a distance a from the origin of the a1-a2-a3-z coordinate axes system.

+

+//Furthermore, its intersections withthe a2 and z axes are -a and c.

+

+//Therefore, in terms of the lattice parameters, these intersections are 1, -1 and 1.

+

+h=1;

+k=-1;

+l=1;

+i=-(h+k);

+

+x=[h k i l];

+disp(x,"The indices of plane are");

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH3/EX3.12.a/Example_3_12a.sce b/539/CH3/EX3.12.a/Example_3_12a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..00d7ef890
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH3/EX3.12.a/Example_3_12a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//Interplanar Spacing

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 3.12\n");

+

+a=0.2866;           //Lattice parameter in nm

+h=2;

+k=2;

+l=0;

+

+printf("\n\tPart A");

+d_hkl=a/(sqrt(h^2+k^2+l^2));

+printf("\nInterplanar spacing is %.4f nm\n",d_hkl);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH3/EX3.12.b/Example_3_12b.sce b/539/CH3/EX3.12.b/Example_3_12b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c6e1ab9ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH3/EX3.12.b/Example_3_12b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//Diffraction Angle Computations

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 3.12\n");

+

+a=0.2866;           //Lattice parameter in nm

+h=2;

+k=2;

+l=0;

+

+d_hkl=a/(sqrt(h^2+k^2+l^2));

+

+printf("\n\tPart B");

+lambda=0.1790;     //Wavelength in nm

+n=1;

+

+theta=asind(n*lambda/(2*d_hkl));

+printf("\nDiffraction angle is %.2f degree\n",2*theta);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH3/EX3.2/Example_3_2.sce b/539/CH3/EX3.2/Example_3_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6f4ce5a9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH3/EX3.2/Example_3_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+//Computation of the Atomic Packing Factor for FCC

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 3.2\n");

+

+//for FCC no. of atoms are 4

+n=4;

+

+//For FCC a=2*R*sqrt(2)

+R=poly([0],'R');

+

+//Edge Length

+a=2*R*sqrt(2);

+

+//Volume determination of cube

+Vc=a^3;

+

+//Volume of sphere

+Vs=n*4*%pi*R^3/3;

+

+//Atomic packing Fraction

+APF=Vs/Vc;

+

+disp(APF,"Atomic packing fraction is");

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH3/EX3.3/Example_3_3.sce b/539/CH3/EX3.3/Example_3_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a29d59aa1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH3/EX3.3/Example_3_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//Theoretical Density Computation for Copper

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 3.3\n");

+

+R=1.28D-08;        //Atomic radius in cm

+A_Cu=63.5;         //Atomic wt of copper

+n=4;               //For FCC

+

+Na=6.023D23;       //Avogadro no.

+

+a=2*R*sqrt(2);

+Vc=a^3;

+

+den=n*A_Cu/(Vc*Na);

+

+printf("\nDensity is %.2f g/cm^3\n",den);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH3/EX3.5/Example_3_5.sce b/539/CH3/EX3.5/Example_3_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d48845fc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH3/EX3.5/Example_3_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//Specification of Point Coordinates

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 3.5\n");

+

+disp("Point coordinates for given positions of BCC cell are");

+

+A=['Point_no','x_axis','y_axis','z_axis','Coordinates';

+'  1','0','0','0','000';

+'  2','1','0','0','100';

+'  3','1','1','0','110';

+'  4','0','1','0','010';

+'  5','1/2','1/2','1/2','1/2 1/2 1/2';

+'  6','0','0','1','001';

+'  7','1','0','1','101';

+'  8','1','1','1','111';

+'  9','0','1','1','011'];

+

+disp(A);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH3/EX3.6/Example_3_6.sce b/539/CH3/EX3.6/Example_3_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..179e0f349
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH3/EX3.6/Example_3_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//Determination of Directional Indices

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 3.6\n");

+

+printf("\nThe procedure is summarised as :\n");

+

+A=['    ','x','y','z';

+'Projections','a/2','b','0c';

+'In terms of a,b,c','1/2','1','0';

+'Reduction','1','2','0'];

+

+disp(A);

+

+printf("\nEnclosure      [1 2 0]\n");

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH3/EX3.8/Example_3_8.sce b/539/CH3/EX3.8/Example_3_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6f036f5cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH3/EX3.8/Example_3_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//Determination of Directional Indices for a Hexagonal Unit Cell

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 3.8\n");

+

+//From the construction shown in the book

+du=1;

+dv=1;

+dw=1;

+

+//The above indices are for parallelopiped

+//To convert it for hexagonal system

+u=(2*du-dv)/3;

+v=(2*dv-du)/3;

+t=-(u+v);

+w=dw;

+

+x=[u v t w]*3;

+disp(x,"The indices for the given directions are");

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH3/EX3.9/Example_3_9.sce b/539/CH3/EX3.9/Example_3_9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3e0e522f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH3/EX3.9/Example_3_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//Determination of Planar (Miller) Indices

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 3.9\n");

+

+x=[0 -1 2];

+

+disp(x,"The intercept for the given plane is");

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH4/EX4.1/Example_4_1.sce b/539/CH4/EX4.1/Example_4_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..079fe67e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH4/EX4.1/Example_4_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//Number of Vacancies Computation at a Specified temperature

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 4.1\n");

+

+Na=6.023*10^23;      //Avogadro No.

+den=8.4D+06;         //Density of Copper

+A=63.5;              //Atomic weight of Copper

+

+//No. of atomic site per cubic meter

+N=Na*den/A;

+

+//No. of vacancies at 1000 C

+Qv=0.9;             //Activation energy in eV

+k=8.62*10^-5;       //Boltzmann Constatnt in eV/K

+T=1000+273;         //Temperature in K

+

+Nv=N*exp(-Qv/(k*T));

+printf("\nNo.of vacancies are %.1f * 10^25 /m^3",Nv/10^25);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH4/EX4.3/Example_4_3.sce b/539/CH4/EX4.3/Example_4_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..14e42cfb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH4/EX4.3/Example_4_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+//Composition Conversion- From weight percent to Atom percent

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\t Example 4.3\n");

+

+//Conversion to Atom percent

+function[C]=conc(C1,C2,A1,A2)

+    C=C1*A2*100/((C1*A2)+(C2*A1));

+    funcprot(0)

+endfunction

+

+

+C_Al=97;       //Aluminium wt%

+C_Cu=3;        //Copper wt%

+A_Al=26.98;    //Atomic wt of Aluminium

+A_Cu=63.55;    //Atomic wt of Copper

+

+CAl=conc(C_Al,C_Cu,A_Al,A_Cu);

+CCu=conc(C_Cu,C_Al,A_Cu,A_Al);

+

+printf("\nAtomic %% of Al is %.1f %%",CAl);

+printf("\nAtomic %% of Cu is %.1f %%\n",CCu);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH4/EX4.4.a/Example_4_4a.sce b/539/CH4/EX4.4.a/Example_4_4a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..fa5cc145d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH4/EX4.4.a/Example_4_4a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//Computations of ASTM Grain Size Number

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 4.4\n");

+

+printf("\n\tPart A");

+

+N=45;           //No. of grains per square inch

+

+//Dterminin grain size no.  N=2^(n-1)

+n=(log(N)/log(2))+1;

+printf("\nGrain size no. is %.1f\n",n);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH4/EX4.4.b/Example_4_4b.sce b/539/CH4/EX4.4.b/Example_4_4b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c2fd4c27f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH4/EX4.4.b/Example_4_4b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//Number of Grains Per Unit Area

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 4.4\n");

+

+printf("\n\tPart B");

+N=45;           //No. of grains per square inch

+n=(log(N)/log(2))+1;

+M=85;

+

+Nm=(100/M)^2*2^(n-1);

+printf("\nAt magnification of 85x\n");

+printf("No. of grains per inch square are %.1f\n",Nm);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH5/EX5.1/Example_5_1.sce b/539/CH5/EX5.1/Example_5_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..dbe95e30c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH5/EX5.1/Example_5_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//Diffusion Flux Computation

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 5.1\n");

+

+Ca=1.2;       //Concentration at A in  kg/m^3

+Cb=0.8;       //Concentration at B in  kg/m^3

+

+xa=5*10^-3;   //Position 1 in m

+xb=10*10^-3;  //Position 2 in m

+

+D=3*10^-11;   //Diffusion coefficient in m^2/s

+

+J=-D*(Ca-Cb)/(xa-xb);

+printf("\nDiffusion flux is %.1f * 10^-9 kg/m^2-s",J/10^-9);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH5/EX5.2/Example_5_2.sce b/539/CH5/EX5.2/Example_5_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..62114cc04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH5/EX5.2/Example_5_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//Nonsteady-State Diffusion Time Computation I

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 5.2\n");

+

+Co=0.25;        //Initial Conc. in wt%

+Cs=1.2;         //Surface conc. in wt%

+Cx=0.8;         //Conc. at any x  in wt%

+

+x=5*10^-4;     //Position in m

+D=1.6*10^-11;  //Diffusion coeff in m^2/s

+

+C=1-((Cx-Co)/(Cs-Co));

+z=erfinv(C);

+

+//But C=erf(x/2sqrt(Dt))

+t=x^2/(4*D*z^2);

+

+printf("\nTime required is %d s or %.1f h\n",t,t/3600);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH5/EX5.3/Example_5_3.sce b/539/CH5/EX5.3/Example_5_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..51fc97cb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH5/EX5.3/Example_5_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//Nonsteady-State Diffusion Time Computation II

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 5.3\n");

+

+D500=4.8*10^-14;     //Diffusion coefficient at 500 C

+

+D600=5.3*10^-13;     //Diffusion coefficient at 600 C

+t600=10;             //Time in hours to diffuse

+

+t500=D600*t600/D500;

+

+printf("\nTime to diffuse at 500 C is %.1f h\n",t500);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH5/EX5.4/Example_5_4.sce b/539/CH5/EX5.4/Example_5_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..09b563c1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH5/EX5.4/Example_5_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//Diffusion Coefficient Determination

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 5.4\n");

+

+T=550+273;            //in K

+D0=1.2*10^-4;  //Temperature independent preexponential in m^2/s

+Qd=131000;            //Activation energy in J/mol-K

+R=8.31;               //Universal Gas constt

+

+D=D0*exp(-Qd/(R*T));

+

+printf("\nDiffusion coefficient is %.1f * 10^-13 m^2/s\n",D/10^-13);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH5/EX5.5/Example_5_5.sce b/539/CH5/EX5.5/Example_5_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f16339a69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH5/EX5.5/Example_5_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//Diffusion Coefficient Activation Energy and Preexponential Calculations

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 5.5\n");

+

+//From graph log D ad 1/T are deducted

+inv_T1=0.8*10^-3;          //Reciprocal of temp.  in K^-1

+inv_T2=1.1*10^-3;          //Reciprocal of temp.  in K^-1

+logD1=-12.4;

+logD2=-15.45;

+

+R=8.31;                   //Gas law Constant in J/mol-K

+

+Qd=-2.3*R*(logD1-logD2)/(inv_T1-inv_T2);

+printf("\nActivation energy is %d kJ/mol",Qd/1000);

+

+//For calculating Peexponential factor

+D0=10^(logD2+(Qd*inv_T2/(2.3*R)));

+printf("\nPreexponential factor D0 is %.1f * 10^-5 m^2/s\n",D0/10^-5);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH5/EX5.6/Design_Example_5_1.sce b/539/CH5/EX5.6/Design_Example_5_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..33e90e73b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH5/EX5.6/Design_Example_5_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+//Diffusion Temperature–Time Heat Treatment Specification

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tDesign Example 5.1\n");

+

+C0=0.2;           //Initial concentration in wt%

+Cs=1;             //Surface conc in wt%

+Cx=0.6;           //Conc at any position X in wt%

+x=7.5*10^-4;      //Position in m

+D0=2.3*10^-5;     //Preexponential factor in m^2/s

+R=8.31;           //Gas law constant in J/mol-K

+Qd=148000;        //Activation energy in J/mol

+

+C=1-((Cx-C0)/(Cs-C0));

+z=erfinv(C);

+Dt=(x/(2*z))^2;

+

+//Dt=D0*exp(-Qd/RT)*t = value of variable Dt

+D=Dt/D0;

+

+T=[900 950 1000 1050];

+for i=1:4

+    t(i)=D/exp(-Qd/(R*(T(i)+273)))/3600;

+end

+

+printf("\nTemperature(in Celsius) is\n");

+disp(T);

+printf("\nTime is (in hours)\n");

+disp(t);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH6/EX6.1/Example_6_1.sce b/539/CH6/EX6.1/Example_6_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..11bef4ea8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH6/EX6.1/Example_6_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//Elongation (Elastic) Computation

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 6.1\n");

+

+E=110*10^3;  //Young's modulus of Copper in MPa

+sigma=276;   //Applied stress in MPa

+lo=305;     //Original length in mm

+

+//Deformation

+dl=sigma*lo/E;

+

+printf("\nElongation obtained is %.2f mm \n",dl);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH6/EX6.2/Example_6_2.sce b/539/CH6/EX6.2/Example_6_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b8bf8c031
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH6/EX6.2/Example_6_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//Computation of Load to Produce Specified Diameter Change

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 6.2\n");

+

+del_d=-2.5*10^-3;  //Deformation in dia  in mm

+d0=10;             //Initial dia  in mm

+

+v=0.34;           //Poisson ratio for brass

+

+ex=del_d/d0;

+printf("\nStrain in x-direction is %f",ex);

+

+ez=-ex/v;

+printf("\nStrain in z-direction is %f",ez);

+

+E=97*10^3;        //Modulus of elasticity in MPa

+sigma=ez*E;

+F=sigma*%pi*(d0^2)/4;

+

+printf("\nApplied force is %d N",F);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH6/EX6.3.a/Example_6_3a.sce b/539/CH6/EX6.3.a/Example_6_3a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d8882fd86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH6/EX6.3.a/Example_6_3a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 6.3\n");

+

+//From draph in the question

+//stress and strain can be obtained

+

+si2=150;           // in MPa

+si1=0;

+e2=0.0016;

+e1=0;

+d0=12.8*10^-3;    //Initial Diameter in m

+

+printf("\n\tPart A");

+//Young's Modulus = stress/strain

+E=(si2-si1)/(e2-e1);

+printf("\nModulus of elasticity is %.2f GPa",E/10^3);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH6/EX6.3.c/Example_6_3c.sce b/539/CH6/EX6.3.c/Example_6_3c.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e8e0a47ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH6/EX6.3.c/Example_6_3c.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 6.3\n");

+

+//From draph in the question

+//stress and strain can be obtained

+

+si2=150;           // in MPa

+si1=0;

+e2=0.0016;

+e1=0;

+d0=12.8*10^-3;    //Initial Diameter in m

+

+printf("\n\tPart C");

+A0=%pi*d0^2/4;

+sig=450*10^6;     //tensile strength in MPa

+

+F=sig*A0;

+printf("\nMaximum load sustained is %d N\n",F);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH6/EX6.3.d/Example_6_3d.sce b/539/CH6/EX6.3.d/Example_6_3d.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1d5db01ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH6/EX6.3.d/Example_6_3d.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 6.3\n");

+

+//From draph in the question

+//stress and strain can be obtained

+

+printf("\n\tPart D");

+

+//From stress-strain curve

+//Strain corresponding to stress of 345 MPa is 0.06

+

+l0=250;     //Initial lengt in mm

+e=0.06;     //strain

+

+dl=e*l0;

+printf("\nChange in length is %d mm",dl);

+

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH6/EX6.4.a/Example_6_4a.sce b/539/CH6/EX6.4.a/Example_6_4a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..aed4b8ae3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH6/EX6.4.a/Example_6_4a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//Ductility

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 6.4\n");

+

+di=12.8;     //Initial dia in mm

+df=10.7;     //Final dia  in mm

+

+printf("\n\tPart A");

+

+//Ductility in terms of Reduction Area 

+RA = ((di^2-df^2)/di^2)*100;

+printf("\npercent reduction in area is %d %%\n",RA);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH6/EX6.4.b/Example_6_4b.sce b/539/CH6/EX6.4.b/Example_6_4b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..af3869f2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH6/EX6.4.b/Example_6_4b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//True-Stress-At-Fracture Computations

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 6.4\n");

+

+di=12.8;     //Initial dia in mm

+df=10.7;     //Final dia  in mm

+

+printf("\n\tPart B");

+Ao=%pi*di^2*10^-6/4;

+sig=460*10^6;    //Tensile strength

+

+F=sig*Ao;

+printf("\nF = %d N",F);

+

+Af=%pi*df^2/4;

+sig_t=F/Af;

+printf("\nTrue stress is %d MPa",sig_t);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH6/EX6.5/Example_6_5.sce b/539/CH6/EX6.5/Example_6_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ab8fbc82d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH6/EX6.5/Example_6_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//Calculation of Strain-Hardening Exponent

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 6.5\n");

+

+sig_t=415;       //True stress in MPa

+et=0.1;          //True strain

+K=1035;         // In MPa

+

+n=log(sig_t/K)/log(et);

+

+printf("\nStrain - hardening coefficient is %.2f",n);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH6/EX6.6.a/Example_6_6a.sce b/539/CH6/EX6.6.a/Example_6_6a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..fef18d29c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH6/EX6.6.a/Example_6_6a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+//Average Computations

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 6.6a\n");

+

+//First and Last point are arbitary to plot the required 4 points

+n=[0 1 2 3 4 5];

+TS=[510 520 512 515 522 525];

+

+plot(n,TS,'+');

+xtitle('Tensile strength data','Sample no.','Tensile strength');

+

+//Mean Tensile strength

+i=2;

+TSmean=0;

+

+for i=2:5

+    TSmean=TSmean+(TS(i)/4);

+end

+printf("\nMean tensile strength is %d MPa\n",TSmean);

+

+//End

diff --git a/539/CH6/EX6.6.b/Example_6_6b.sce b/539/CH6/EX6.6.b/Example_6_6b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..24b820563
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH6/EX6.6.b/Example_6_6b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+//Standard Deviation Computations

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 6.6b\n");

+

+//First and Last point are arbitary to plot the required 4 points

+n=[0 1 2 3 4 5];

+TS=[510 520 512 515 522 525];

+

+i=2;

+TSmean=0;

+

+for i=2:5

+    TSmean=TSmean+(TS(i)/4);

+end

+

+//Standard Deviation

+j=0;

+std=0;

+

+for i=2:5

+    std=std+((TS(i)-TSmean)^2/(4-1));

+end

+

+printf("\nStandard deviation is %.1f MPa\n",sqrt(std));

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH6/EX6.7/Design_Example_6_1.sce b/539/CH6/EX6.7/Design_Example_6_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3f55ccc16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH6/EX6.7/Design_Example_6_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//Specification of Support Post Diameter

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tDesign Example 6.1\n");

+

+sig_y=310;      //Minimum yield strength in MPa

+N=5;           // Conservative factor of safety

+

+F=220000/2;    //Two rods must support half of the total force

+

+sig_w=sig_y/N;

+d=2*sqrt(F/(%pi*sig_w));

+

+printf("\nDiameter of each of the two rods is %.1f mm\n",d);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH7/EX7.1.a/Example_7_1a.sce b/539/CH7/EX7.1.a/Example_7_1a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c1556f8bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH7/EX7.1.a/Example_7_1a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+//Resolved Shear Stress Computations

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 7.1\n");

+

+x=[1 1 0];    //Indices of Plane

+y=[0 1 0];    //direction of applied tensile stress

+z=[-1 1 1];   //Direction of shear stress

+

+function[angle]=dotproduct(a,b)

+    num=(a(1)*b(1))+(a(2)*b(2))+(a(3)*b(3));

+    den=sqrt((a(1)^2+a(2)^2+a(3)^2)*(b(1)^2+b(2)^2+b(3)^2));

+    angle=acos(num/den);

+    funcprot(0)

+endfunction

+

+phi=dotproduct(x,y);

+lambda=dotproduct(y,z);

+

+printf("\nAngles phi is %.1f degree and lambda is %.1f degree\n",phi*180/%pi,lambda*180/%pi);

+

+

+//When a tensile stress of 52 MPa (7500 psi) is applied

+printf("\n\tPart A\n");

+sigma=52;  //in MPa

+tr=sigma*cos(phi)*cos(lambda);

+printf("Resolved shear stress is %.1f MPa\n",tr);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH7/EX7.1.b/Example_7_1b.sce b/539/CH7/EX7.1.b/Example_7_1b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d192e0a01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH7/EX7.1.b/Example_7_1b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+//Stress-to-Initiate-Yielding Computations

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 7.1\n");

+

+x=[1 1 0];    //Indices of Plane

+y=[0 1 0];    //direction of applied tensile stress

+z=[-1 1 1];   //Direction of shear stress

+

+function[angle]=dotproduct(a,b)

+    num=(a(1)*b(1))+(a(2)*b(2))+(a(3)*b(3));

+    den=sqrt((a(1)^2+a(2)^2+a(3)^2)*(b(1)^2+b(2)^2+b(3)^2));

+    angle=acos(num/den);

+    funcprot(0)

+endfunction

+

+phi=dotproduct(x,y);

+lambda=dotproduct(y,z);

+

+printf("\nAngles phi is %.1f degree and lambda is %.1f degree\n",phi*180/%pi,lambda*180/%pi);

+

+//If slip occurs on a (110) plane and in a [-1 1 1]direction, and the critical resolved shear stress is 30 MPa

+printf("\n\tPart B")

+

+trc=30;  //in MPa Critical resolved shear stress

+

+sy=trc/(cos(phi)*cos(lambda));

+printf("\nYield strength is %.1f MPa\n",sy);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH7/EX7.2/Example_7_2.sce b/539/CH7/EX7.2/Example_7_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d902b9cf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH7/EX7.2/Example_7_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//Tensile Strength and Ductility Determinations for Cold-Worked Copper

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\t Example 7.2\n");

+

+df=12.2;  //Final dia in mm

+di=15.2;  //Initial dia in mm

+

+CW = ((di^2-df^2)/di^2)*100;

+

+printf("\nCold work is %.1f %%\n",CW);

+

+ts=340;  //in Mpa  tensile strength

+duc=7;   //in %  Ductility

+printf("\nFrom graph of Fig. 7.19b in book");

+printf("\nTensile strength is %d MPa",ts);

+printf("\nDuctility is %d %% EL\n",duc);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH7/EX7.3/Design_Example_7_1.sce b/539/CH7/EX7.3/Design_Example_7_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..594fe47a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH7/EX7.3/Design_Example_7_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+//Description of Diameter Reduction Procedure

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tDesign Example 7.1\n");

+

+di=6.4;  //Initial dia in mm

+df=5.1;  //Final dia in mm

+

+//Cold Work Computation

+CW = ((di^2-df^2)/di^2)*100;

+

+printf("\nCold work is %.1f %%\n",CW);

+

+//From Figures 7.19a and 7.19c, 

+//A yield strength of 410 MPa 

+//And a ductility of 8% EL are attained from this deformation

+

+printf("\nBut required ductility and yield strength is not matched at this cold work");

+printf("\nHence required Cold work is 21.5 %%");

+

+//x=poly([0],'x');

+dmid = sqrt(df^2/(1-0.215));

+

+printf("\nHence first draw to %.1fmm and then to %.1fmm\n",dmid,df);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH8/EX8.1/Example_8_1.sce b/539/CH8/EX8.1/Example_8_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3f069d4e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH8/EX8.1/Example_8_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//Maximum Flaw Length Computation

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 8.1\n");

+

+sigma=40*10^6; // in Pa  Tensile stress

+E=69*10^9;  //Modulus of elaticity  in pa

+Ys=0.3;  //Specific surface energy  in N/m^2

+

+//Maximum length of a surface flaw

+a=2*E*Ys/(%pi*sigma^2);

+

+printf("\nMaximum lemgth of a surface falw without fracture : %.4f mm\n",a/10^-3);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH8/EX8.2/Design_Example_8_2.sce b/539/CH8/EX8.2/Design_Example_8_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5b82571ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH8/EX8.2/Design_Example_8_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//Rupture Lifetime Prediction

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tDesign Example 8.2\n");

+

+T=800+273;  // Temperature in K

+

+//stress is 140 MPa

+//From Graph of Fig. 8.32 Larson-Miller Parameter is deduced

+L_M=24*10^3;

+

+t=10^((L_M/T)-20);

+

+printf("\nTime to rupture is : %d hours\n",t);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH8/EX8.3/Example_8_3.sce b/539/CH8/EX8.3/Example_8_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..46c463691
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH8/EX8.3/Example_8_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//Estimating theoretical fracture strength

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 8.3\n");

+

+a=0.5;            //Crack length in mm

+ro=5D-3;          //Crack tip radius of curvature in mm

+sig=1035;         //Applied stress in MPa

+

+sigm=2*sig*sqrt(a/ro);

+

+printf("\nFracture strength is %.2e MPa\n",sigm);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH8/EX8.4/Example_8_4.sce b/539/CH8/EX8.4/Example_8_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5d48d28c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH8/EX8.4/Example_8_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//Computation of critical shear stress

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 8.4\n");

+

+E=393D9;             //Young's modulus for Al

+gam=0.9;             //surface energy in J/m^2

+a=4D-4;              //Crack length in m

+

+sigc=sqrt(2*E*gam/(%pi*a/2));

+

+printf("\nCritical shear stress is %.2e N/m^2\n",sigc);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH8/EX8.5/Example_8_5.sce b/539/CH8/EX8.5/Example_8_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..dcce982b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH8/EX8.5/Example_8_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//Determining maximum allowable surface crack length

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 8.5\n");

+

+E=225D9;                //Young's modulus

+gam=1;                  //surface energy in N/m

+sigc=13.5D6;            //Critical shear stress in N/m^2

+

+a=2*E*gam/(%pi*sigc^2);

+

+printf("\nMaximum allowable crack length is %.1e m\n",a);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH9/EX9.1/Example_9_1.sce b/539/CH9/EX9.1/Example_9_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d1cb4a358
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH9/EX9.1/Example_9_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//Lever Rule derivation

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 9.1\n");

+

+disp("Since only 2 phases are present");

+disp("W_alpha + W_L = 1");

+disp("W_alpha*C_alpha + W_L*C_L = C0");

+disp("hence");

+

+disp("W_L = (C_alpha-C0)/(C_alpha-C_L)");

+disp("W_alpha = (C0-C_L)/(C_alpha-C_L)");

+

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH9/EX9.2/Example_9_2.sce b/539/CH9/EX9.2/Example_9_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..60d266720
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH9/EX9.2/Example_9_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//Determination of Phases Present and Computation of Phase Compositions

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 9.2\n");

+

+printf("\nfor given composition and temp. of 150 C");

+printf("\ni) both alpha and beta phase coexist\n");

+

+disp("ii) Constructing the tie line");

+printf("10 wt%% Sn - 90 wt%% Pb for C_alpha");

+printf("\n98 wt%% Sn - 2 wt%% Pb for C_beta");

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH9/EX9.3.a/Example_9_3a.sce b/539/CH9/EX9.3.a/Example_9_3a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..bce434165
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH9/EX9.3.a/Example_9_3a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//Determination of Phases Present

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 9.3\n");

+

+printf("\n\tPart A");

+C1=40;  // Overall alloy composition

+Cb=98;

+Ca=10;

+

+Wa=(Cb-C1)/(Cb-Ca);

+Wb=(C1-Ca)/(Cb-Ca);

+

+printf("\nMass fractions for alpha and beta phases are : %.2f and %.2f respectively\n",Wa,Wb);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH9/EX9.3.b/Example_9_3b.sce b/539/CH9/EX9.3.b/Example_9_3b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3ed25ba2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH9/EX9.3.b/Example_9_3b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+//Computation of Phase Compositions

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\tExample 9.3\n");

+

+C1=40;  // Overall alloy composition

+Cb=98;

+Ca=10;

+

+Wa=(Cb-C1)/(Cb-Ca);

+Wb=(C1-Ca)/(Cb-Ca);

+

+printf("\n\tPart B");

+d_Sn=7.24; // in g/cm^3  density of tin

+d_Pb=11.23;  // in g/cm^3  density of lead

+

+Ca_Sn=10;

+Ca_Pb=90;

+

+Cb_Sn=98;

+Cb_Pb=2;

+

+d_a=100/((Ca_Sn/d_Sn)+(Ca_Pb/d_Pb));

+d_b=100/((Cb_Sn/d_Sn)+(Cb_Pb/d_Pb));

+

+printf("\nDensity of alpha phase is : %.2f g/cm^3",d_a);

+printf("\nDensity of beta phase is : %.2f g/cm^3",d_b);

+

+Va=Wa/(d_a*((Wa/d_a)+(Wb/d_b)));

+Vb=Wb/(d_b*((Wa/d_a)+(Wb/d_b)));

+

+printf("\n\nVolume fraction of alpha phase : %.2f",Va);

+printf("\nVolume fraction of beta phase : %.2f",Vb);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH9/EX9.4.a/Example_9_4a.sce b/539/CH9/EX9.4.a/Example_9_4a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5b94d49db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH9/EX9.4.a/Example_9_4a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//Determining ferrite and cementite phase

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\t Example 9.4\n");

+

+printf("\n\tPart A");

+C0=0.35;

+Ca=0.022;

+C_Fe3C=6.7;

+

+Wa=(C_Fe3C-C0)/(C_Fe3C-Ca);

+W_Fe3C=(C0-Ca)/(C_Fe3C-Ca);

+

+printf("\nMass fraction of total ferritic phase  : %.2f",Wa);

+printf("\nMass fraction of Fe3C : %.2f\n",W_Fe3C);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH9/EX9.4.b/Example_9_4b.sce b/539/CH9/EX9.4.b/Example_9_4b.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b3b8c4429
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH9/EX9.4.b/Example_9_4b.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//Determining proeutectoid ferrite and pearlite

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\t Example 9.4\n");

+

+C0=0.35;

+Ca=0.022;

+C_Fe3C=6.7;

+

+printf("\n\tPart B");

+C_p=0.76;

+

+Wp=(C0-Ca)/(C_p-Ca);

+W_a=(C_p-C0)/(C_p-Ca);

+

+printf("\nMass fraction of Pearlite : %.2f",Wp);

+printf("\nMass fraction of proeutectoid ferrite : %.2f\n",W_a);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/539/CH9/EX9.4.c/Example_9_4c.sce b/539/CH9/EX9.4.c/Example_9_4c.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..31dce8820
--- /dev/null
+++ b/539/CH9/EX9.4.c/Example_9_4c.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//Determining eutectoid ferrite

+

+clear;

+clc;

+

+printf("\t Example 9.4\n");

+

+C0=0.35;

+Ca=0.022;

+C_Fe3C=6.7;

+

+C_p=0.76;

+

+Wp=(C0-Ca)/(C_p-Ca);

+W_a=(C_p-C0)/(C_p-Ca);

+

+Wa=(C_Fe3C-C0)/(C_Fe3C-Ca);

+printf("\n\tPart C");

+

+Wae=Wa-W_a;

+printf("\nMass fraction of eutectoid ferrite : %.3f\n",Wae);

+

+//End
\ No newline at end of file