initial commit / add all books

5 files changed, 233 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/497/CH15/EX15.1/Chap15_Ex1.sce b/497/CH15/EX15.1/Chap15_Ex1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..55c53a315
--- /dev/null
+++ b/497/CH15/EX15.1/Chap15_Ex1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//Kunii D., Levenspiel O., 1991. Fluidization Engineering(II Edition). Butterworth-Heinemann, MA, pp 491

+

+//Chapter-15, Example 1, Page 369

+//Title: Circulation Rate when Deactivation Controls

+//==========================================================================================================

+

+clear

+clc

+

+//INPUT

+thalf=1;//Half life of catalyst in s

+F=960;//Feed rate of oil in tons/day

+W=50;//Weight of the bed in tons

+a=0.5;//Activity after time equal to half life

+abar=0.01;//Average activity of the catalyst

+

+//CALCULATION

+Ka=-log(a)/thalf;//Rate constant is s^-1, assuming I order kinetics from Eqn.(12)

+Fs=Ka*W*abar/(1-abar);//Circulation rate of solids from Eqn.(16)

+x=(Fs*60*60*24)/F;//Circulation rate per feed of oil

+

+//OUTPUT

+mprintf('\nSolid recirculation per feed of oil =%ftons of solid circulated/ton feed oil',x);

+

+//====================================END OF PROGRAM ======================================================
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/497/CH15/EX15.2/Chap15_Ex2.sce b/497/CH15/EX15.2/Chap15_Ex2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ea021ba10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/497/CH15/EX15.2/Chap15_Ex2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+//Kunii D., Levenspiel O., 1991. Fluidization Engineering(II Edition). Butterworth-Heinemann, MA, pp 491

+

+//Chapter-15, Example 2, Page 370

+//Title: Circulation Rate when Heat Duty Controls

+//==========================================================================================================

+

+clear

+clc

+

+//INPUT

+deltaHr1=1260;//Enthalpy change during endothermic reaction in kJ/kg

+deltaHr2=-33900;//Enthal[y change during exothermic reaction in kJ/kg

+H1=703;//Enthalpy of feed oil in kJ/kg

+T1=260;//Temperature of feed oil in degree celcius

+H3=1419;//Enthalpy of cracked product in kJ/kg

+T3=500;//Temperature of cracked product in degree celcius

+Ta=20;//Temperature of entering air in degree celcius

+Cpa=1.09;//Specific heat of entering air in kJ/kg K

+Cpf=1.05;//Specific heat of flue gases in kJ/kg K

+Cps=1.01;//Specific heat of solids in kJ/kg K

+Cpv=3.01;//Specific heat of vaporized feed in kJ/kg K

+T4=[520;540;560;580;600;620;640;660];//Temperature of flue gas in degree celcius

+V=22.4;//Volume of 1 mole of Carbon dioxide gas in N-m^3

+M=12;//Molecular weight of carbon in kg

+rho=1.293;//Density of carbon dioxide gas in kg/N-m^3

+xa=0.21;//Mass fraction of oxygen in air

+betac=0.07;//Mass fraction of carbon

+

+//CALCULATION

+n=length(T4);

+i=1;

+

+x2min=betac*(V*rho/(M*xa));//Minimum amount of air required for complete combustion

+while i<=n

+    x1(i)=(deltaHr1+0.93*H3-H1)/(Cps*(T4(i)-T3));//Fs/F1 by simplifying the overall energy balance

+    x2(i)=[(0.07*(-deltaHr2)-(deltaHr1+0.93*H3-H1))/(Cpf*(T4(i)-Ta))]-0.07;//F2/F1 by simplifying the energy balance for regenerator

+    if x2(i)>x2min then excess_air(i)=(x2(i)-x2min)/x2min; //Excess air used

+    else excess_air(i)=0;

+    end

+    i=i+1;

+end

+

+//OUTPUT    

+printf('\nT4(degree celcius)');

+printf('\tFs/F1');

+printf('\t\tF2/F1');

+printf('\t\tExcess air(percentage)');

+i=1;

+while i<=n

+    mprintf('\n%f',T4(i));

+    mprintf('\t\t%f',x1(i));

+    mprintf('\t%f',x2(i));

+    mprintf('\t%f',excess_air(i)*100);

+    i=i+1;

+end

+

+//Disclaimer: The values of F2/F1 obtained by manual calculation has close correspondance to the ones obtained as the output, whereas it deviates largely from the values given in textbook.

+

+//====================================END OF PROGRAM ======================================================
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/497/CH15/EX15.3/Chap15_Ex3.sce b/497/CH15/EX15.3/Chap15_Ex3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4fede05a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/497/CH15/EX15.3/Chap15_Ex3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+//Kunii D., Levenspiel O., 1991. Fluidization Engineering(II Edition). Butterworth-Heinemann, MA, pp 491

+

+//Chapter-15, Example 3, Page 379

+//Title: Aeration of Fine Particle Downcomer

+//==========================================================================================================

+

+clear

+clc

+

+//INPUT

+Fs=100;//Solid flowrate in kg/s

+ephsilon1=0.55;

+ephsilon2=0.5;

+p1=120;//Pressure at upper level in kPa

+rhos=1000;//Density of solid in kg/m^3

+rhog=1;//Density of gas in kg/m^3

+gc=1;//Conversion factor

+g=9.81;//Acceleration due to gravity in m/s^2

+di=0.34;//Diameter of downcomer in m

+pi=3.14;

+

+//CALCULATION

+x=(ephsilon1/ephsilon2)*((1-ephsilon2)/(1-ephsilon1));//To find pressure at lower level using Eqn.(30)

+p2=x*p1;//Pressure at lower level using Eqn.(30)

+deltap=p2-p1;

+ephsilonbar=0.5*(ephsilon1+ephsilon2);

+deltah=(deltap*10^3*gc)/(rhos*(1-ephsilonbar)*g);//Static head height from Eqn.(28)

+At=0.25*pi*di^2;//Area of downcomer

+Gs=Fs/At;//Flux of solids in downcomer

+Gg=Gs*(ephsilon1/(1-ephsilon1))*(rhog/rhos)*(x-1);//Required gas aeration rate from Eqn.(31)

+Fg=Gg*At;//Flow rate of gas required

+

+//OUTPUT

+mprintf('\nThe required flow rate of gas required for location of %fm below downcomer is %fkg/s',deltah,Fg);

+

+//====================================END OF PROGRAM ======================================================
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/497/CH15/EX15.4/Chap15_Ex4.sce b/497/CH15/EX15.4/Chap15_Ex4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..49408ef11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/497/CH15/EX15.4/Chap15_Ex4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+//Kunii D., Levenspiel O., 1991. Fluidization Engineering(II Edition). Butterworth-Heinemann, MA, pp 491

+

+//Chapter-15, Example 4, Page 380

+//Title: Circulation in Side-by-Side Beds

+//==========================================================================================================

+

+clear

+clc

+

+//INPUT

+Fs=600;//Solid circulation rate in kg/s

+dpbar=60;//Mean size of solids in micrometer

+pA=120;//Pressure in vessel A in kPa

+pB=180;//Pressure in vessel B in kPa

+LfA=8;//Bed height in vessel A in m

+LfB=8;//Bed height in vessel B i m

+//Bulk densities in kg/m^3

+rho12=100;

+rho34=400;

+rho45=550;

+rho67=200;

+rho78=200;

+rho910=400;

+rho1011=400;

+rho1112=550;

+rho13=100;

+deltapdA=7;//Pressure drop across the distributor in regenerator in kPa

+deltapdB=8;//Pressure drop across the distributor in reactor in kPa

+deltap12=(9+4);//Friction loss and pressure difference required to accelerate the solids in transfer lines in kPa

+deltap78=(15+3);//Friction loss and pressure difference required to accelerate the solids in transfer lines in kPa

+deltap45=20;//Friction loss across the reactor's stripper downcomer in kPa

+deltap1112=4;//Friction loss across the regenerator's downcomer in kPa

+deltapvA=5;//Pressure drop assigned for the control valve in regenerator in kPa

+deltapvB=15;//Pressure drop assigned for the control valve in reactor in kPa

+deltah12=15;//Height of the riser in m

+deltah86=30;//Height of the riser in m

+deltah1011=7;//Height difference h10-h11 in m

+g=9.81;//Acceleration due to gravity in m/s^2

+gc=1;//Conversion factor

+pi=3.14;

+

+//CALCULATION

+Gs=900;//From Fig.(8), to find dt

+dt=sqrt((4/pi)*Fs/Gs);//Diameter of the downcomer

+//Height of downcomer A from Eqn.(7)

+deltahA=(1/(rho1112*g))*[(pB-pA)*gc*(10^3)+(deltap12+deltapdB+deltap1112+deltapvA)*gc*10^3-rho12*g*(-deltah12)-rho34*g*(-LfB)-rho1011*g*deltah1011];

+//Height of downcomer B from Eqn.(8)

+deltahB=(1/(rho45*g))*[-(pB-pA)*gc*10^3+(deltap45+deltapvB+deltap78+deltapdA)*gc*10^3+rho78*g*deltah86+rho910*g*LfA];

+

+//OUTPUT

+printf('\nHeight of downcomer for:');

+mprintf('\n\tRegenerator:%fm',deltahA);

+mprintf('\n\tReactor:%fm',deltahB);

+

+//====================================END OF PROGRAM ======================================================
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/497/CH15/EX15.5/Chap15_Ex5.sce b/497/CH15/EX15.5/Chap15_Ex5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..62f3b87b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/497/CH15/EX15.5/Chap15_Ex5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+//Kunii D., Levenspiel O., 1991. Fluidization Engineering(II Edition). Butterworth-Heinemann, MA, pp 491

+

+//Chapter-15, Example 5, Page 381

+//Title: Steam Seal of a Coarse Particle Downcomer

+//==========================================================================================================

+

+clear

+clc

+

+//INPUT

+dp=10^-3;//Particle diameter in m

+dt=0.8;//Diameter of reactor in m

+us=0.15;//Descend velocityo of solids in m/s

+L=15;//Length of downcomer

+deltap1=300;//Pressure in lower vessel in kPa

+deltap2=240;//Pressure in upper vessel in kPa

+phis=0.8;//Sphericity of solids

+ephsilonm=0.45;//Void fraction of bed

+myu=4E-5;//Viscosity of gas in kg/m s

+rhogl=2;//Density of gas in lower vessel in kg/m^3

+rhogu=1.6;//Density of gas in upper vessel in kg/m^3

+rhogbar=0.5*(rhogl+rhogu);//Average density in kg/m^3

+gc=1;//Conversion factor

+

+//CALCULATION

+//(a)Without steam seal

+deltapfr=(deltap1-deltap2)*10^3;//Frictional pressure drop between two levels in Pa

+deluguess=50;//Guess value of deltau

+function[fn]=solver_func(delu)//Function defined for solving the system

+    fn=(deltapfr*gc/L)-(150*(1-ephsilonm)^2*myu*delu/(ephsilonm^2*(phis*dp)^2))-(1.75*(1-ephsilonm)*rhogbar*delu^2/(ephsilonm*phis*dp));

+endfunction

+[delu]=fsolve(deluguess,solver_func,1E-6);//Using inbuilt function fsolve for solving Eqn.(25) for deltau

+uo=(delu-us)*ephsilonm;//Superficial gas velocity

+Fg=rhogbar*uo*(pi/4)*dt^2;//Flow rate of gs up the tube

+

+//(c)With steam seal

+//For section 1 to 3

+L1=10;

+deluguess1=50;//Guess value of deltau

+function[fn]=solver_func1(delu1)//Function defined for solving the system

+    fn=(deltapfr*gc/L1)-(150*(1-ephsilonm)^2*myu*delu1/(ephsilonm^2*(phis*dp)^2))-(1.75*(1-ephsilonm)*rhogbar*delu1^2/(ephsilonm*phis*dp));

+endfunction

+[delu1]=fsolve(deluguess1,solver_func1,1E-6);//Using inbuilt function fsolve for solving Eqn.(25) for deltau

+uou=(delu1-us)*ephsilonm;//Upward superficial gas velocity

+Fgu=rhogbar*uou*(pi/4)*dt^2;//Upward flow rate of gs up the tube

+//For section 3 to 2

+ugd=0.15;//Downward velocity of gas

+uod=ugd*ephsilonm;//Downward superficial gas velocity

+Fgd=rhogbar*uod*(pi/4)*dt^2;//Downward flow rate of gas up the tube

+Fgt=Fgu+Fgd;//Total flow rate of gas

+

+//OUTPUT

+printf('\nWithout steam seal');

+printf('\n\tFlow rate of gas up the tube:%fkg/s',Fg);

+printf('\nWith steam seal');

+printf('\n\tTotal flow rate of gas:%fkg/s',Fgt);

+

+//====================================END OF PROGRAM ======================================================
\ No newline at end of file