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diff --git a/49/CH7/EX7.1/ex1.sce b/49/CH7/EX7.1/ex1.sce
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+//CHAPTER 7_ Flow Measurement

+//Caption : Flow  Measurement

+// Example 1// Page 406

+t=293   //('Entering the temperature(in k) of pitot tube =:')

+p1=0.1*10^6    //('entering the air pressure in pitot tube=:')

+v=10     //('entering the velocity of air in pitot tube=:')

+R=287;

+disp("Density is given by:")

+disp("pho1=p1/(R*t);")

+pho1=p1/(R*t);

+// dynamic pressure

+Pd=pho1*v^2/2;

+//we know that  v=sqrt(2Pd/pho)

+// dv/dP=1/2(2/pho*Pd)^0.5

+// Let the error or uncertainty in velocity is represented by Wv and in pressure by Wp

+Wp=1    //('entering the uncertainty in the measurement of dynamic pressure=:')

+disp("Uncertainty in velocity is given by ")

+disp("Wv=(1/2)*(2/(pho1*Pd))^0.5*Wp;")

+Wv=(1/2)*(2/(pho1*Pd))^0.5*Wp;

+per_unc=Wv*100/10;

+printf('So the percentage uncertainty in the measurement of velocity is %fd %% \n',per_unc)

diff --git a/49/CH7/EX7.2/ex2.sce b/49/CH7/EX7.2/ex2.sce
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+//CHAPTER 7_ Flow Measurement

+//Caption : Anemometers

+// Example 2// Page 426

+// To derive an expression for velocity across a hot  wire anemometer in terms of the wire resistance Rw, the current through the wire Iw and the empirical constants C0 and C1 and the fluid temperature.

+disp("C0+C1(v)^.5)(Tw-Tf)=Iw^2Rw")

+disp("Rw= Rr[1+a(Tw-Tr)]")

+disp("Rw/Rr=1+a(Tw-Tr)")

+disp("Tw-Tr=1/a[Rw/Rr-1]")

+disp("Tw=1/a[Rw/Rr-1]+Tr")

+disp("Co+C1(v)^0.5=Iw^2Rw/Tw-Tf")

+disp("so,")

+disp("v=1/C1[{Iw^2Rw/(1/a[Rw/Rr-1]+Tr-Tf)]}^2-C0")

+

+

+

diff --git a/49/CH7/EX7.3/ex3.sce b/49/CH7/EX7.3/ex3.sce
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+//CHAPTER 7_ Flow Measurement

+//Caption : Gross volume flow rate(venturi)

+// Example 3// Page 438

+dp=0.02     //('entering the diameter of the line in which water is flowing=:')

+dt=0.01    //('entering the diameter of venturi=:')

+B=0.5;   // given

+// The discharge coefficients remains in the flat portion of the curve for reynolds numbers 10^4 to 10^6 Cd=0.95

+u=8.6*10^-4    //('entering the viscosity=:')

+Cd=0.95;

+Rn_min=10^4;

+disp("Minimum flow rate is given by:")

+disp("mdot_min=%pi*dp*u*Rn_min/4")

+mdot_min=%pi*dp*u*Rn_min/4

+g=9.81;

+printf('Minimum flow rate at 25 deg cent is %1.3f kg/s\n',mdot_min)

+pf=1000   // density of water

+At=78.53*10^-6    //('entering the throat area=:')

+pm=13.6      //('entering the density of manometer  fluid=:')

+

+//h is the height of mercury column due to flow

+disp("To calculate the mercury reading corresponding to minimum flow, using-")

+disp("h_min=((mdot_min*sqrt(1-B^4))/((sqrt(2*g*(pm-pf/pf))*pf*At*Cd)))^2;")

+h_min=((mdot_min*sqrt(1-B^4))/((sqrt(2*g*(pm-pf/pf))*pf*At*Cd)))^2;

+//in mm

+H_min=h_min*1000

+printf('So the pressure reading observed for the given flow ratre is %1.1f  mm of Hg\n',H_min)

+h_max=.25    //('entering the  value of h maximum=:')

+m_max=(pf*At*Cd*sqrt(2*g*(pm-pf/pf))*sqrt(h_max))/sqrt(1-B^4);

+printf('The maximum flow rate is %1.1f kg/s\n',m_max)

+

+

+

+

+

+

diff --git a/49/CH7/EX7.4/ex4.sce b/49/CH7/EX7.4/ex4.sce
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index 000000000..de5b2e832
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+//CHAPTER 7_ Flow Measurement

+//Caption : Gross volume flow rate(venturi)

+// Example 4// Page 439

+dt=0.15    //('entering the throat diameter=:')

+dp=0.3     //('entering the upstream diameter=:')

+Cd=0.95;

+B=0.5;

+pm=13600       //('entering the density of manometer  fluid=:')

+At=%pi*dt^2/4;

+g=9.81;

+

+pf=995.8     

+h=0.2      //('entering the height of mercury column  due to flow (in m)=:')

+q=pf*At*Cd;

+w=(1-B^4)^(1/2);

+e=sqrt(2*g*((pm/pf)-1));

+mdot_25=q*e*sqrt(h)/w

+disp("Mass flow is given by :")

+disp("mdot=pf*At*Cd*(1/(1-B^4)^(1/2))*sqrt(2*g*((pm/pf)-1)*sqrt h)")

+printf('So the mass flow at 25 deg cent   is %fd kg/s\n',mdot_25)

+

+

+

+pf=999.8    //('entering density of water at 25 deg cent=:')

+h=0.2    //('entering the height of mercury column  due to flow (in m)=:')

+q=pf*At*Cd;

+w=(1-B^4)^(1/2);

+e=sqrt(2*g*((pm/pf)-1));

+mdot=q*e*sqrt(h)/w

+// error is mdot(25 deg cent)-mdot(t deg cent)

+printf(' The mass flow at 0 deg cent is %fd kg/s\n',mdot)

+error1=abs(((mdot_25-mdot)/mdot_25)*100);

+

+

+

+printf(' Change in temperature of water introduces insignificant error in mass flow measurement i.e. %1.2f%% \n',error1)

+pf=988.8    //('entering density of water at 25 deg cent=:')

+h=0.2    //('entering the height of mercury column  due to flow (in m)=:')

+q=pf*At*Cd;

+w=(1-B^4)^(1/2);

+e=sqrt(2*g*((pm/pf)-1));

+mdot=q*e*sqrt(h)/w

+// error is mdot(25 deg cent)-mdot(t deg cent)

+printf('  The mass flow at 50 deg cent is %fd kg/s\n',mdot)

+error2=abs(((mdot_25-mdot)/mdot_25)*100);

+

+

+

+printf('Therefore, change in temperature of water introduces insignificant error in mass flow measurement i.e. %1.2f%% \n',error2)

+

+

+

+

diff --git a/49/CH7/EX7.5/ex5.sce b/49/CH7/EX7.5/ex5.sce
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+//CHAPTER 7_ Flow Measurement

+//Caption : Gross volume flow rate(venturi)

+// Example 5// Page 440

+dt=.1     //('entering the throat diameter=:')

+dp=.2      //('entering the upstream diameter=:')

+Cd=0.95;

+g=9.81

+B=0.5;

+At=%pi*dt^2/4;

+pf=780    //('entering density of oil in the pipeline =:')

+pm=1000    //('entering the density of manometer  fluid=:')

+w=(1-B^4)^(1/2);

+e=sqrt(2*g*((pm/pf)-1));

+S_ideal=At*e/w;

+printf('The ideal volume flow rate sensitivity is %1.4f (m^3/s/h^0.5)\n',S_ideal)

+// part b

+disp("Actual volume rate sensitivity is given by :")

+disp("S_actual=S_ideal/Cd")

+S_actual=S_ideal/Cd;

+printf('The actual volume rate sensitivity is %1.4f \n',S_actual)

+h=.3    //('entering the manometer reading of water height=:')

+disp("Actual volume flow rate is given by:")

+disp("Q_actual=S_actual*sqrt(h)")

+Q_actual=S_actual*sqrt(h);

+printf('The actual volume flow rate is %1.3f m^3/s\n',Q_actual)

diff --git a/49/CH7/EX7.6/ex6.sce b/49/CH7/EX7.6/ex6.sce
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+//CHAPTER 7_ Flow Measurement

+//Caption : Sonic nozzle

+// Example 6// Page 443

+disp("Let uncertainty in mass flow rate be represented by wm")

+disp("Let uncertainty with pressure be represented by wp")

+disp("Let uncertainty with temperature measurement be represented by wt")

+// To calculate the uncertainty in the temperature measurement

+wm_m=0.02    //('entering the uncertainty in mass flow=:')

+wp_p=0.01    //('entering the uncertainty in pressure measurement=:')

+disp("Uncertainty in temperature is given by:")

+disp("wt_t=2*sqrt(wm_m^2-wp_p^2)*100")

+wt_t=2*sqrt(wm_m^2-wp_p^2)*100

+printf('uncertainty in the temperature measurement is %1.2f %%\n',wt_t)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/49/CH7/EX7.7/ex7.sce b/49/CH7/EX7.7/ex7.sce
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+//CHAPTER 7_ Flow Measurement

+//Caption : Venturi

+// Example 7// Page 446

+p1=5*10^6    //('entering the pressure of air when venturi is to be used =:')

+t1=298    //('entering the temperature of air for the same=:')

+m_max=1    //('entering the maximum flow rate=:')

+m_min=0.3   //('entering the minimum flow rate=:')

+Re_min=10^5   //('entering the throats reynold number=:')

+R=287;   // for air

+pho1=p1/(R*t1);

+b=0.5;

+mu=1.8462*10^-5   //('enter the absolute viscosity=:')

+D_max=(4*m_max)/(%pi*Re_min*mu);

+D_min=(4*m_min)/(%pi*Re_min*mu);

+printf('So the throat diameters for maximum and minimum flows so the reynolds number does not exceed 10^5 are %1.4f m and %1.4f m respectively\n',D_max,D_min)

+// To calculate the differential pressure

+At=%pi*D_max^2/4;

+C=1;    // discharge coefficient

+M=1.0328;    // Velocity approach coefficient

+Y=.9912;   // Expansion factor

+dP_max=(m_max)^2/(Y^2*M^2*C^2*At^2*2*pho1);

+printf('The differential pressure for maximum flow rate is %1.5f Pa\n',dP_max)

+dP_min=(m_min)^2/(Y^2*M^2*C^2*At^2*2*pho1)*1000;

+printf('The differential pressure for minimum flow rate is %1.2f mPa\n',dP_min)

+

diff --git a/49/CH7/EX7.8/ex8.sce b/49/CH7/EX7.8/ex8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c3ecc51e2
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@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//CHAPTER 7_ Flow Measurement

+//Caption : Constant-Pressure-Drop , Variable-Area Meters(Rotameters)

+// Example 8// Page 455

+Qd=.1/60    //('enter the maximum flow of water=:')

+t=298  //('enter the temperature in k=:')

+d=.03  //('enter the float diameter in m=:')

+L=0.5  //('enter the total length of rotameter=:')

+D=.03  //('enter the diameter of tube at inlet=:')

+Vb=25*10^-6  //('enter the total volume of float=:')

+Af=7.068*10^-4    // area of float

+j=2*9.81*Vb/Af;

+y=L;

+disp("Tube taper is given by:")

+disp("a=(Qd*2)/(%pi*D*y*j^(1/2))")

+a=(Qd*2)/(%pi*D*y*j^(1/2));

+printf('tube taper is %1.4f m/m(taper)\n',a)