initial commit / add all books

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diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.1/Ex12_1.sce
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+//Example 12.1

+Q=5;//Flow rate (L/min)

+Q=Q/10^3;//Flow rate (m^3/min)

+t=75;//Time (y)

+t=t*(365*24*60);//Time (min)

+V=Q*t;//Volume (m^3)

+printf('Volume of blood pumped in 75 years = %0.1e m^3',V)

+//Openstax - College Physics

+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest

diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.10/Ex12_10.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.10/Ex12_10.sce
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+//Example 12.10

+rho=1.29;//Density from table (kg/m^3)

+v=40;//Speed (m/s)

+L=7.40*10^-2;//Characteristic length (m)

+eta=1.81*10^-5;//Viscosity from table (Pa.s)

+N_R_v=(rho*v*L)/eta;//Reynolds number

+printf('Reynolds number = %0.2e (object in fluid)',N_R_v)

+//Openstax - College Physics

+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest

diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.11/Ex12_11.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.11/Ex12_11.sce
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+//Example 12.11

+x_rms=1*10^-2;//Root-mean-square distance (m)

+D=6.7*10^-10;//Diffusion constant for glucose molecule in water (m^2/s)

+t=x_rms^2/(2*D);//Time (s)

+t=t/(60*60);//Time (h)

+printf('Time taken for a glucose molecule to move 1 cm in water = %0.2f h',t)

+//Answer varies due to round off error

+//Openstax - College Physics

+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest

diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.2/Ex12_2.sce
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+//Example 12.2

+r1=0.9*10^-2;//Radius of garden hose (m)

+A1=%pi*r1^2;//Cross-sectional area of hose (m^2)

+Q=0.5;//Flow rate (L/s)

+Q=Q/10^3;//Flow rate (m^3/s)

+v1=Q/A1;//Speed of water in the hose (m/s)

+printf('a.Speed of water in the hose = %0.2f m/s',v1)

+r2=0.25*10^-2;//Radius of nozzle (m)

+A2=%pi*r2^2;//Cross-sectional area of nozzle (m^2)

+v2=A1*v1/A2;//Speed of water in the nozzle from continuity equation (m/s)

+printf('\nb.Speed of water in the nozzle = %0.1f m/s',v2)

+//Openstax - College Physics

+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest

diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.3/Ex12_3.sce
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+//Example 12.3

+Q=5;//Flow rate (L/min)

+Q=Q/(10^3*60);//Flow rate (m^3/s)

+r1=10*10^-3;//Radius of aorta (m)

+A1=%pi*r1^2;//Cross-sectional area of aorta (m^2)

+v1=Q/A1;//Average speed of blood in the aorta (m/s)

+printf('a.Average speed of the blood in the aorta = %0.2f m/s',v1)

+n1=1;//Number of aorta

+r2=(8*10^-6)/2;//Radius of capillary (m)

+A2=%pi*r2^2;//Cross-sectional area of capillary (m^2)

+v2=0.33*10^-3;//Average speed of blood in the capillary (m/s)

+n2=(n1*A1*v1)/(A2*v2);//Number of capillaries

+printf('\nb.Number of capillaries = %0.1e',n2)

+//Openstax - College Physics

+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest

diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.4/Ex12_4.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.4/Ex12_4.sce
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+//Example 12.4

+P2=1.01*10^5;//Absolute pressure in the nozzle (N/m^2)

+v1=1.96;//Speed of water in the hose (m/s)

+v2=25.5;//Speed of water in the nozzle (m/s)

+rho=10^3;//Density of water (kg/m^3)

+P1=P2+1/2*rho*(v2^2-v1^2);//Abolute pressure in the hose from Bernoulli's equation (N/m^2)

+printf('Absolute pressure in the hose = %0.2e N/m^2',P1)

+//Openstax - College Physics

+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest

diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.5/Ex12_5.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.5/Ex12_5.sce
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+//Example 12.5

+r1=(6.40*10^-2)/2;//Radius of the hose (m)

+A1=%pi*r1^2;//Cross-sectional area of the hose (m^2)

+r2=(3*10^-2)/2;//Radius of the nozzle (m)

+A2=%pi*r2^2;//Cross-sectional area of the nozzle (m^2)

+Q=40;//Flow rate (L/s)

+Q=Q/10^3;//Flow rate (m^3/s)

+v1=Q/A1;//Speed of water in hose (m/s)

+v2=Q/A2;//Speed of water in nozzle (m/s)

+rho=1000;//Density of water (kg/m^3)

+g=9.80;//Acceleration due to gravity (m/s^2)

+h2=10;//Height above ground (m)

+P1=1.62*10^6;//Gauge pressure inside the hose at the start (N/m^2)

+//Taking initial height h1=0 (m)

+P2=P1+1/2*rho*(v1^2-v2^2)-(rho*g*h2);//Nozzle pressure from Bernoulli's equation (N/m^2)

+printf('(Gauge) Pressure in the nozzle = %0.1f N/m^2',P2)

+//The answer provided in the textbook is wrong

+//Openstax - College Physics

+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest

diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.6/Ex12_6.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.6/Ex12_6.sce
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+//Example 12.6

+P1=1.62*10^6;//Pressure at the hose inlet, see Example 12.5 (N/m^2)

+P_h=0.7*10^6;//Pressure at hydrant outlet (N/m^2)

+P=P1-P_h;//Pressure increase due to the pump (N/m^2)

+Q=40;//Flow rate, See Example 12.5 (L/s)

+Q=Q/10^3;//Flow rate (m^3/s)

+power=P*Q;//Power (W)

+printf('Power supplied by the pump = %0.1f kW',power/1000)

+//Openstax - College Physics

+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest

diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.7/Ex12_7.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.7/Ex12_7.sce
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+//Example 12.7

+//Deriving from Poiseuille's law and considering flow rate has halved [Q2=0.5Q1], we get

+//(r2/r1)^4=Q2/Q1

+//r2/r1=(0.5)^1/4;

+ratio=(0.5)^(1/4);

+printf('The radius of the coronary artery after plaque deposits is %0.3f times the initial radius,\na decrease of %0.2f%%',ratio,[(1-ratio)/1*100])

+//The answer varies due to round off error

+//Openstax - College Physics

+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest

diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.8/Ex12_8.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.8/Ex12_8.sce
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+//Example 12.8

+Q=0.120;//Flow rate (cm^3/s)

+Q=Q*(10^-2)^3;//Flow rate (m^3/s)

+r=0.150*10^-3;//Radius of needle (m)

+l=2.50*10^-2;//Length of needle (m)

+eta=1*10^-3;//Viscosity of saline solution(N.s/m^2)

+P1=8;//Gauge pressure in vein (mm Hg)

+P1=P1*133/1.00;//Gauge pressure in vein (N/m^2)

+P2=[(8*eta*l*Q)/(%pi*r^4)]+P1;//Pressure required from Poiseuille's law (N/m^2)

+printf('Pressure required at the needle''s entrance = %0.2e N/m^2',P2)

+//Openstax - College Physics

+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest

diff --git a/3845/CH12/EX12.9/Ex12_9.sce b/3845/CH12/EX12.9/Ex12_9.sce
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+//Example 12.9

+Q=0.120;//Flow rate (cm^3/s)

+Q=Q*(10^-2)^3;//Flow rate (m^3/s)

+r=0.150*10^-3;//Radius of needle (m)

+eta=1*10^-3;//Viscosity of saline solution(N.s/m^2)

+//Above information from Exercise 12.8

+//////////////////////////////////////

+A=%pi*r^2;//Cross-sectional area of needle

+v=Q/A;//Fluid speed (m/s)

+rho=1025;//Density of saline solution (kg/m^3)

+N_R=(2*rho*v*r)/eta;//Reynolds number

+printf('Reynolds number = %0.1f (flow in tube)',N_R)

+if N_R<2000 disp('The flow is laminar')

+elseif N_R>=2000&N_R<=3000 disp('The flow is unstable')

+else disp('The flow is turbulent')

+end

+//Answer slightly varies with the textbook given answer

+//Openstax - College Physics

+//Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11406/latest