initial commit / add all books

81 files changed, 996 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/371/CH11/EX11.1/11_1.sci b/371/CH11/EX11.1/11_1.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ae465c15a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH11/EX11.1/11_1.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//Control of DC motors//

+//Example 11.1//

+//Since the speed control is required in both directions we will have to use a dual converter for the application.It would be prefarable to use six pulse dual converter with thyristors connected in antiparallel connection//

+//speed control from 20% rated speed to 100% rated speed will be obtained by armature control//

+//Control and speed above 100% will be possible by field weakening//

+Idc=200/460*1000;//Rated motor current in amps//

+printf('Rated motor current=Idc=%famps',Idc);

+//Thus the main armature converter will be having dc side rating of 500Amps and 460volts//

+//If 20% drop is allowed in cables,ac transformer,converter etc., then No load dc voltage required=460*1.2=552Volts//

+printf('\nHence AC voltage for six pulse configuration=552/1.35=410volts');

+//Hence a 3phase,415v AC supply will be adequate for armature control//

+//Field converter rating will be 230V,10A.Arrangement will be six pulse,non reversible.since AC supply of 415V,3 phase is available,we shall make use of it for field converter also.//

+printf('\nAC rating of field converter=230/1.35=170V');

+//However we shall provide a standard AC voltage of 230V AC and will lock the field converter firing angle to suitable value so as to produce 230V dc//

+printf('\nDC power=230*10=2300Watts');

+printf('\nAC power=1.05*2300=2415Watts');

+printf('\nThus tranformer of 2.5KVA,415/230V will be required');

+Edca=(170+170/10)*1.35;//available voltage in volts//

+Edc=1.35*230;

+A=acos(Edca/Edc)*180/%pi;

+printf('\nField converter shall be locked at an angle of A=%fdegrees',A);

+

+

diff --git a/371/CH11/EX11.2/11_2.sci b/371/CH11/EX11.2/11_2.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..abc64796c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH11/EX11.2/11_2.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+//Control of DC motors//

+//Example 11.2//

+Vdc=440;//Rated dc voltage in volts//

+Edca=Vdc+Vdc/10;//Required voltage after allowing 10% drop//

+printf('Required voltage after allowing 10percent drop=Edca=%fvolts',Edca);

+Edc=1.35*415;

+C=Edca/Edc;

+printf('\nCosine of the locked angle=C=%f',C);

+A=acos(C)*180/%pi;//locked angle in degrees//

+printf('\nConverter shall be locked at an angle of A=%fdegrees',A);

diff --git a/371/CH11/EX11.3/11_3.sci b/371/CH11/EX11.3/11_3.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8305c3d5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH11/EX11.3/11_3.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//Control of DC motors//

+//Example 11.3//

+Edca1=230;

+N1=1000;

+N2=500;

+Eb1=210;

+printf('Eb1=230-20=210volts');

+Eb2=Eb1*N2/N1;

+printf('\nEb2=%fvolts',Eb2);

+V=40;//motor armature drop at rated load in volts//

+Edca2=Eb2+V;

+printf('\nEdca2=%fvolts',Edca2);

+C1=1;//cosine of the firing angle corresponding to 1000 rpm load//

+C2=C1*Edca2/Edca1;//cosine of the firing angle corresponding to 500 rpm load//

+printf('\nCosine of the firing angle corresponding to 500 rpm load=C2=%f',C2);

+A=acos(C2)*180/%pi;//firing angle corresponding to 500 rpm load in degrees//

+printf('\nfiring angle corresponding to 500 rpm load A=%fdegrees',A);

diff --git a/371/CH11/EX11.4/11_4.sci b/371/CH11/EX11.4/11_4.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..786293f65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH11/EX11.4/11_4.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+//Control of DC motors//
+//Example 11.4//
+Edca1=1.15*440;//Rated output voltage from the converter for rated speed of750rpm//
+printf('Rated output voltage from the converter=Edca1=%fvolts',Edca1);
+N1=750;
+N2=500;
+Edca2=Edca1*N2/N1;
+E2=415;
+C2=Edca2/(1.35*E2);
+printf('\nCosine of the triggering angle=C2=%f',C2);
+A2=C2*180/%pi;
+printf('\nTriggering angle=A2=%fdegrees',A2);
+PF2=C2*(1+cos(15*%pi/180))/2;
+printf('\nPowerfactor=PF2=%f',PF2);
+Id=200;//dc current in amps//
+I2=0.75*0.817*Id;//Current at 75percent load in amps//
+RP2=sqrt(3)*E2*I2*sqrt(1-PF2^2)/1000;//Reactive power drawn at 75% load//
+printf('\nReactive power at 75percent load=RP2=%fKVAR',RP2);
+h=6;
+Wv=24.17;//maximum voltage ripple in percent//
+Wi=8;//maximum permissible current ripple in percent//
+I6=Wi*Id/100;
+printf('\nSixth harmonic ripple current=I6=%fAmps',I6);
+W=314;
+L=(Wv*Edca1*10)/(I6*h*W);
+printf('\nInductance required in dc circuit=L=%fmH',L);
+C1=Edca1/(1.35*E2);
+printf('\nCosine of the triggering angle=C1=%f',C1);
+A1=C1*180/%pi;
+printf('\nTriggering angle=A1=%fdegrees',A1);
+PF1=C1*(1+cos(15*%pi/180))/2;
+printf('\nPowerfactor=PF1=%f',PF1);
+I1=0.817*Id;//Current at 75percent load in amps//
+RP1=sqrt(3)*E2*I1*sqrt(1-PF1^2)/1000;//Reactive power drawn at 75% load//
+printf('\nReactive power at 75percent load=RP1=%fKVAR',RP1);
+
+
+
diff --git a/371/CH11/EX11.5/11_5.sci b/371/CH11/EX11.5/11_5.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e0a0b280b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH11/EX11.5/11_5.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//Control of DC motors//

+//Example 11.5//

+Edca=460;

+E2=415;

+C=Edca/(1.35*E2);

+printf('\nCosine of the triggering angle=C=%f',C);

+A=C*180/%pi;

+printf('\nTriggering angle=A=%fdegrees',A);

+Edca10=0.1*460;

+C10=Edca10/(1.35*E2);

+printf('\nCosine of the triggering angle=C10=%f',C10);

+A10=C10*180/%pi;

+printf('\nTriggering angle=A10=%fdegrees',A10);

+Id=10^5/Edca;//dc current in amps//

+I2=0.817*Id;//Current at rated speed in amps//

+AP=sqrt(3)*E2*I2*C/1000;

+printf('\nActive power drawn from the system at rated speed=AP=%fKW',AP);

+RP=sqrt(3)*E2*I2*sqrt(1-C^2)/1000;//Reactive power drawn from the system//

+printf('\nReactive power drawn from the system=RP=%fKVAR',RP);

+AP10=sqrt(3)*E2*I2*C10/1000;

+printf('\nActivepower drawn from thesystem at 10percentrated speed=AP10=%fKW',AP10);

+RP10=sqrt(3)*E2*I2*sqrt(1-C10^2)/1000;//Reactive power drawn from the system//

+printf('\nReactive power drawn from the system=RP10=%fKVAR',RP10);

+P=RP10/RP;

+printf('\nP=%f',P);

+printf('\nThus reactive power has increased by 74.5893percent due to reduction in motor speed');

+

diff --git a/371/CH11/EX11.6/11_6.sci b/371/CH11/EX11.6/11_6.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..62b8d9f63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH11/EX11.6/11_6.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+//Control of DC motors//

+//Example 11.6//

+printf('Reactive power at rated speed and rated load=72.79KVAR');

+printf('\nReactive power at rated speed and 10 percent load=0.1*72.79=7.279KVAR');

+printf('\nSimilarly reactive power at 10percent speed and 10 percent load=0.1*127.08=12.71KVAR');
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH11/EX11.7/11_7.sci b/371/CH11/EX11.7/11_7.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..18d68f7c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH11/EX11.7/11_7.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//Control of DC motors//

+//Example 11.7//

+N1=500;

+N2=400;

+Eb1=410;

+Eb2=Eb1*N2/N1;

+printf('Eb2=%fvolts',Eb2);

+V=440;//operating voltage of dc motor in volts//

+P=100;//input power of dc motor in KW//

+Ia=P*1000/V;

+printf('\nIa=%fAmps',Ia);

+Ra=(V-Eb1)/Ia;

+printf('\nRa=%fohms',Ra);

+E2=415;

+Edca=Eb2+(0.75*Ia*Ra);//terminal voltage of dc motor at 500 rpm and 75% load//

+printf('\nTerminal voltage of dc motor at 500 rpm and 75percent load=Edca=%fvolts',Edca);

+C=Edca/(1.35*E2);//cosine of the triggering angle of the converter//

+printf('\nCosine of the triggering angle of the converter=C2=%f',C);

+A=acos(C)*180/%pi;//triggering angle of the converter in degrees//

+printf('\ntriggering angle of the converter A=%fdegrees',A);

diff --git a/371/CH12/EX12.1/12_1.sci b/371/CH12/EX12.1/12_1.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e175f300a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH12/EX12.1/12_1.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+//Controllers and Their Optimisation//

+//Example 12.1//

+V=40;//gain of the controller in volts//

+P=100/(1+V);//permanent error of p controller in percent//

+printf('permanent Error of P controller=P=%fpercent',P);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH12/EX12.2/12_2.sci b/371/CH12/EX12.2/12_2.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a260ef37c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH12/EX12.2/12_2.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//Controllers and Their Optimisation//

+//Example 12.2//

+P=1.8;//permanent error of p controller in percent//

+V=100/1.8-1;//gain of the controller in volts//

+printf('gain of the controller=V=%fvolts',V);

+G=8;//sum of all time constants in milliseconds//

+T1=2*G*V;//motor armature time constant//

+printf('\nMotor armature time constant=T1=%fmilliseconds',T1);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH12/EX12.3/12_3.sci b/371/CH12/EX12.3/12_3.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..435f41dce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH12/EX12.3/12_3.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//Controllers and Their Optimisation//

+//Example 12.3//

+f=50;//frequency in hz//

+p=6;//pulse number//

+t1=1000/(2*f*p);//time constant for the current loop in ms//

+printf('time constant for the current loop=t1=%fms',t1);

+t2=1.5;//time constant of feedback channel in ms//

+G=t1+t2;//smaller time constant in ms//

+printf('\nSmaller time constant=G=%fms',G);

+T1=30;//bigger time constant in ms//

+Tn=T1;//time constant of the controller in ms//

+printf('\nTime constant of the controller in AVO=Tn=%fms',Tn);

+V=T1/(2*G);//gain of the control system//

+printf('\nGain of the control system=V=%f',V);

+Vg=14;//gain of the regulating current link//

+Vr=V/Vg;//gain of the PI controller//

+printf('\nGain of the PI controller=Vr=%f',Vr);

+R2=11;//R2 in KiloOhms//

+R1=R2/Vr;//R1 in kiloohms//

+printf('\nR1=%fKiloohms',R1);

+C1=Tn/R1;//C1 in microfarads//

+printf('\nC1=%fmicrofarads',C1);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH12/EX12.4/12_4.sci b/371/CH12/EX12.4/12_4.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..bc8848d29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH12/EX12.4/12_4.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//Controllers and Their Optimisation//

+//Example 12.4//

+G=20;//smaller time constant in ms//

+T1=350;//bigger time constant in ms//

+Tn=4*G;//time constant of the controller in ms//

+printf('\nTime constant of the controller in SO=Tn=%fms',Tn);

+V=T1/(2*G);//gain of the control system//

+printf('\nGain of the control system=V=%f',V);

+Vg=1;//gain of the regulating current link//

+Vr=V/Vg;//gain of the PI regulator//

+printf('\nGain of the PI regulator=Vr=%f',Vr);

+R1=11;//R1 in KiloOhms//

+R2=R1*Vr;//R2 in kiloohms//

+printf('\nR2=%fKiloohms',R2);

+C2=Tn/R2;//C1 in microfarads//

+printf('\nC2=%fmicrofarads',C2);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH12/EX12.5/12_5.sci b/371/CH12/EX12.5/12_5.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a1f9ccc12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH12/EX12.5/12_5.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//Controllers and Their Optimisation//

+//Example 12.5//

+G=6;//smaller time constant in ms//

+T1=80;//bigger time constant in ms//

+Tn=T1;//time constant of the controller in ms//

+printf('Time constant of the controller=Tn=%fms',Tn);

+V=T1/(2*G);//gain of the control system//

+printf('\nGain of the control system=V=%f',V);

+Wn=1/(sqrt(2)*G);//Natural frequency of the system in rad/ms//

+printf('\nNatural frequency of the system=Wn=%frad/ms',Wn);

+Tf=4.7*G;//time taken by the system to achiecve its desired output for firsttime//

+printf('\ntime taken by the system to achieve its desired value=Tf=%fms',Tf);

+printf('\nMaximum overshoot for a symmetrically optimised system is 4.3 percent');

+Tmax=6.24*G;//time at which maximum overload will occur in ms//

+printf('\nTime at which maximum overload will occur=Tmax=%fms',Tmax);

diff --git a/371/CH12/EX12.6/12_6.sci b/371/CH12/EX12.6/12_6.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..68c17530f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH12/EX12.6/12_6.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//Controllers and Their Optimisation//

+//Example 12.6//

+G=20;//smaller time constant in ms//

+Tn=4*G;//time constant of the controller in ms//

+printf('time constant of the controller=Tn=%fms',Tn);

+T1=170;//bigger time constant in ms//

+V=T1/(2*G);//gain of the control system//

+printf('\nGain of the control system=V=%f',V);

+Tf=3.1*G;//time taken by the system to achiecve its final value on step input//

+printf('\ntime taken by the system to achieve its final value=Tf=%fms',Tf);

+printf('\nMaximum overshoot for a symmetrically optimised system is 43 percent');
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH12/EX12.7/12_7.sci b/371/CH12/EX12.7/12_7.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..77084ed14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH12/EX12.7/12_7.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+//Controllers and Their Optimisation//

+//Example 12.7//

+G=10;//smaller time constant in ms//

+Tf=4.7*G;//time taken by the system to achiecve its final output for firsttime//

+printf('time taken by the system to achieve its final value=Tf=%fms',Tf);

+printf('\nMaximum overshoot for a symmetrically optimised system is 4.3 percent');

+Tmax=6.24*G;//time at which maximum overshoot will occur in ms//

+printf('\nTime at which maximum overshoot will occur=Tmax=%fms',Tmax);

+Ts=8.4*G;//settling time in ms//

+printf('\nSettling time=Ts=%fms',Ts);

diff --git a/371/CH12/EX12.8/12_8.sci b/371/CH12/EX12.8/12_8.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..7c2d7fdcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH12/EX12.8/12_8.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//Controllers and Their Optimisation//

+//Example 12.8//

+printf('Response for an AVO system');

+G=10;//smaller time constant in ms//

+Tf=4.7*G;//time taken by the system to achiecve its final output for firsttime//

+printf('\ntime taken by the system to achieve its final value=Tf=%fms',Tf);

+printf('\nMaximum overshoot for a symmetrically optimised system is 4.3 percent');

+Ts=8.4*G;//settling time in ms//

+printf('\nSettling time=Ts=%fms',Ts);

+printf('\nResponse for an SO system');

+G=10;//smaller time constant in ms//

+Tf=3.1*G;//time taken by the system to achiecve its final output for firsttime//

+printf('\ntime taken by the system to achieve its final value=Tf=%fms',Tf);

+printf('\nMaximum overshoot for a symmetrically optimised system is 43 percent');

+Ts=16.6*G;//settling time in ms//

+printf('\nSettling time=Ts=%fms',Ts);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH13/EX13.1/13_1.sci b/371/CH13/EX13.1/13_1.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f83a49c11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH13/EX13.1/13_1.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//Choppers and Transportation System Application//

+//Example 13.1//

+E=220;//dc supply voltage in volts//

+El=22;//Load voltage in volts//

+Ton=1000;//conducting period in microseconds//

+T=2500;//Total timeperiod in microseconds//

+L=1;//inductance in milliHenry//

+R=0.25;//resistance in ohms//

+t=L/R;//time constant in milliseconds//

+printf('time constant=t=%fmilliseconds',t);

+A=0.133;

+Td=A*T;//Discontinuous condition starts at//

+printf('\nDiscontinuous condition starts from Td=%fmicroseconds',Td);

+Eo=0.4*E;//output voltage in volts//

+printf('\nOutput voltage=Eo=%fvolts',Eo);

+Iav=(Eo-El)/R;//Average current in amps//

+printf('\nAverage current=Iav=%famp',Iav);

+Imax=((E*(1-exp(-Ton/(t*1000))))/(R*(1-exp(-T/(t*1000)))))-(El/R);

+printf('\nMaximum current=Imax=%famp',Imax);

+Imin=((E*(exp(Ton/(t*1000))-1))/(R*(exp(T/(t*1000))-1)))-(El/R);

+printf('\nMinimum current=Imin=%famp',Imin);

diff --git a/371/CH13/EX13.2/13_2.sci b/371/CH13/EX13.2/13_2.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e139e2af5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH13/EX13.2/13_2.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//Choppers and Transportation System Application//

+//Example 13.2//

+f=1;//operating frequency in KHZ//

+E=220;//dc supply voltage in volts//

+El=165;//Load voltage in volts//

+Ton=El/(E*f);//conduction period in ms//

+printf('Conduction period=Ton=%fms',Ton);

+T=1/f;//total time period in ms//

+printf('\nTotal time period=T=%fms',T);

+Toff=T-Ton;//blocking period in ms//

+printf('\nBlocking period=Toff=%fms',Toff);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH13/EX13.3/13_3.sci b/371/CH13/EX13.3/13_3.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3c915c1d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH13/EX13.3/13_3.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//Choppers and Transportation System Application//

+//Example 13.3//

+E=220;//dc supply voltage in volts//

+Toff=200;//blocking period in microseconds//

+Il=50;//load current in amps//

+C=%pi*Toff*Il/(2*E);//capacitance for optimum frequency in microfarad//

+C=75;

+printf('Load capacitance required for optimum frequency=C=%fmicrofarad',C);

+L1=Toff^2*10^-3/C;//inductance required in milliHenry//

+L2=L1;

+printf('\nInductance parameters=L1=L2=%fmilliHenry',L1);

+

+

+

diff --git a/371/CH13/EX13.4/13_4.sci b/371/CH13/EX13.4/13_4.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f86b3469a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH13/EX13.4/13_4.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+//Choppers and Transportation System Application//

+//Example 13.4//

+E=220;//dc supply voltage in volts//

+El=660;//Load voltage in volts//

+Toff=100;//blocking period in microseconds//

+Ton=(El/E-1)*Toff;//Conduction period in microseconds//

+printf('Conduction period=Ton=%fmicroseconds',Ton);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH13/EX13.5/13_5.sci b/371/CH13/EX13.5/13_5.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f95a757af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH13/EX13.5/13_5.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//Choppers and Transportation System Application//

+//Example 13.5//

+f=200;//chopper frequency in HZ//

+E=220;//dc supply voltage in volts//

+Iav=100;//Average current in the circuit in amps//

+Ra=0.02;//Armature resistance in ohms//

+Rf=0.01;//Field resistance in ohms//

+Ebav=50;//Average value of the Back emf in volts//

+Eav=Iav*(Ra+Rf)+Ebav;//Average voltage in the circuit in volts//

+printf('Average voltage in the circuit=Eav=%fvolts',Eav);

+Ton=Eav*1000/(E*f);//conduction period in ms//

+printf('\nConduction period=Ton=%fms',Ton);

diff --git a/371/CH13/EX13.6/13_6.sci b/371/CH13/EX13.6/13_6.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0e16d27a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH13/EX13.6/13_6.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//Choppers and Transportation System Application//

+//Example 13.6//

+f=200;//chopper frequency in HZ//

+T=1000/f;//total time period in ms//

+Toff=4;//Blocking period in ms//

+Ton=T-Toff;//conduction period in ms//

+R1=2;//R1 in ohms//

+R2=4;//R2 in ohms//

+R=((R1*Ton)+(R1+R2)*Toff)/T;//rotor resistance referred to stator in ohms//

+printf('Rotor resistance referred to stator=R=%fohms',R);

+V=415;//stator voltage in volts//

+s=0.02;//slip of the motor//

+MT=V^2*s/R;//motor torque in Syn. Watts//

+printf('\nMotor torque=MT=%fSnc. Watts',MT);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH13/EX13.7/13_7.sci b/371/CH13/EX13.7/13_7.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..76d160230
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH13/EX13.7/13_7.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+//Choppers and Transportation System Application//

+//Example 13.7//

+//R1=rotor resistance before introduction of control//

+//R2=rotor resistance after introduction of control//

+printf('R2=1.5*R1');

+R2=((R1*Ton)+(R1+R1)*Toff)/T;//rotor resistance referred to stator in ohms//

+printf('\nthe above condition satisfies when Ton=Toff');

+T=4;//total time period in ms//

+f=1000/T;//chopper frequency in hz//

+printf('\nChopper frequency=f=%fhz',f);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH15/EX15.1/15_1.sci b/371/CH15/EX15.1/15_1.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..7ea73545c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH15/EX15.1/15_1.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//The ac Motor Control//

+//Example 15.1//

+S1=2;//value of slip in percentage of slip ring induction motor//

+Ns=1000;//value of stator speed in rpm//

+Nr=500;//value of rotor speed in rpm//

+S2=(Ns-Nr)*100/Ns;//valu of slip in percentage of motor//

+printf('value of slip of motor=S2=%fpercentage',S2);

+I1=50;//stator current in amps//

+I2=I1*sqrt(S2/S1);

+printf('\nvalue of new stator current=I2=%fAmp',I2);

+ 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH15/EX15.10/15_10.sci b/371/CH15/EX15.10/15_10.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..12eaa6d11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH15/EX15.10/15_10.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//The ac Motor Control//

+//Example 15.10//

+Vo5m=sqrt(2)*41.5;//rms value of output voltage //

+V=415;//operating voltage of cyclo converter//

+A5=(acos(Vo5m/(1.35*V)))*180/%pi;//trigger angle ranges from//

+printf('trigger angle ranges fromA5=%fdegrees',A5);

+A51=180-A5;//trigger angle ranges upto//

+printf('\ntrigger angle ranges upto A51=%fdegrees',A51');

+LPF=0.9;//load power factor//

+CA15=0.3132;//maximum cosine value corresponding to operating frequency 15hz//

+HIPF=CA15*LPF/sqrt(2);//highest value of input power factor//

+printf('\nhighest value of input power factor=HIPF=%f',HIPF);

+LIPF=cos(A5*%pi/180)*LPF/sqrt(2);//lowest value of input power factor//

+printf('\nlowest value of input power factor=LIPF=%f',LIPF);

+IDF=0.75;//input displacement factor//

+HDF=CA15*LPF/(sqrt(2)*IDF);//highest value of distortion factor//

+printf('\nhighest value of distortion factor=HDF=%f',HDF);

+LDF=HDF*cos(A5*%pi/180)/CA15;//lowest value of distortion factor//

+printf('\nlowest value of distortion factor=LDF=%f',LDF);

diff --git a/371/CH15/EX15.11/15_11.sci b/371/CH15/EX15.11/15_11.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..962db1525
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH15/EX15.11/15_11.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//The ac Motor Control//

+//Example 15.11//

+PFm=0.5;//highest value of input factor//

+Am=3.14/6;//highest value of input powerfactor occurs at 30 degrees//

+A=cos(Am);//highest value of cosAm if firingangle ranging from 30 to 150//

+printf('highest value of cosAm=%f',A);

+PFl=(sqrt(2)*PFm)/A;

+printf('\nlaod power factor of cyclo converter=%f',PFl);

diff --git a/371/CH15/EX15.12/15_12.sci b/371/CH15/EX15.12/15_12.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..fbcc34bc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH15/EX15.12/15_12.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+//The ac Motor Control//

+//Example 15.12//

+PFi=0.6;//input powerfactor//

+DF=0.7;//distortion factor//

+IDF=PFi/DF;//input displacement factor//

+printf('input displacement factor=%f',IDF);

+

diff --git a/371/CH15/EX15.13/15_13.sci b/371/CH15/EX15.13/15_13.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..18aac2e9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH15/EX15.13/15_13.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+//The ac Motor Control//

+//Example 15.13//

+PFi=0.1;//input powerfactor//

+PFl=0.9;//load powerfactor//

+A=(acos(sqrt(2)*PFi/PFl))*180/3.14;//firing angle indegrees//

+printf('firing angle of cyclo converter drive=A=%fdegrees',A);

+IDF=0.7;//leading input displacement factor//

+DF=PFi/IDF;//distortion factor//

+printf('\ndistortion factor=DF=%f',DF);

+

diff --git a/371/CH15/EX15.14/15_14.sci b/371/CH15/EX15.14/15_14.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c0ae6df04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH15/EX15.14/15_14.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+//The ac Motor Control//

+//Example 15.14//

+Ap=30;//triggering angle of positive group in degrees//

+An=180-Ap;//triggering angle of negative group in degrees//

+printf('triggering angle of negative group=An=%fdegrees',An);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH15/EX15.15/15_15.sci b/371/CH15/EX15.15/15_15.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6ce2c84ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH15/EX15.15/15_15.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//The ac Motor Control//

+//Example 15.15//

+V=415;//input operating voltage of cycloconverter in volts//

+Pi=50;//input power of the cycloconverter in KVA//

+PF=0.8;//input power factor//

+A=0.785;//firing angle in radians//

+I=(Pi*1000*sqrt(2))/(3*V*PF*cos(A));//input current to the converter in amp//

+printf('input current to the converter=I=%famp',I);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH15/EX15.16/15_16.sci b/371/CH15/EX15.16/15_16.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a3fb293ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH15/EX15.16/15_16.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+//The ac Motor Control//

+//Example 15.15//

+Vo=200;//input operating voltage of cycloconverter in volts//

+Po=50*10^3;//input power of the cycloconverter in VA//

+Io=100;//drawing current from motor in amp//

+PF=Po/(3*Vo*Io);//load power factor//

+printf('load power factor of motor=PF=%f',PF);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH15/EX15.2/15_2.sci b/371/CH15/EX15.2/15_2.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3a3d0431e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH15/EX15.2/15_2.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+//The ac Motor Control//

+//Example 15.2//

+Imr=50;//motor field rating in amp//

+Icr=1.5*Imr;//converter rated current in amp//

+printf('value of converter rated current=Icr=%famp',Icr);

+Vdc=100;//converter dc rating in volts//

+Vac=Vdc/1.35;//converter ac rating voltage required//

+printf('\nvalue of converter rated ac voltage=Vac=%fvolts',Vac);

+Pkva=(1.05*100*75)/1000;//KVA rating of the transformer//

+printf('\nKVA rating of transformer=Pkva=%fKVA',Pkva);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH15/EX15.3/15_3.sci b/371/CH15/EX15.3/15_3.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f2a0a1e4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH15/EX15.3/15_3.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//The ac Motor Control//

+//Example 15.3//

+S1=0.04;//value of slip in of induction motor//

+Ns=1500;//value of initial speed in rpm//

+N2=1300;//value of speed reduced to in rpm//

+N1=Ns*(1-S1);//valu of speed N1 in rpm//

+printf('value of speed N1=%frpm',N1);

+f=(Ns-N1)/(Ns-N2);

+printf('\nvalue of f=%f',f);

+T1=2000;//developing torque in induction motor in watts//

+T2=T1/f;//new value of torque developed by the motor in watts//

+printf('\nvalue of new torque developed=T2=%fWatts',T2);

+ 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH15/EX15.4/15_4.sci b/371/CH15/EX15.4/15_4.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..cd7af1733
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH15/EX15.4/15_4.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//The ac Motor Control//

+//Example 15.4//

+f1a=50;//intial frequency in hertz//

+f1b=75;//value of frequency increased to in hertz//

+Ta=1500;//developing torque in induction motor in watts//

+Tb=Ta*f1a/f1b;//new value of torque developed by the motor in watts//

+printf('value of new torque developed=Tb=%fWatts',Tb);

+ 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH15/EX15.5/15_5.sci b/371/CH15/EX15.5/15_5.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d7f15ef1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH15/EX15.5/15_5.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//The ac Motor Control//

+//Example 15.5//

+V=415;//operating input voltage of induction motor in volts//

+S=0.04;//input slip//

+r2=1;//rotor resistance referred to stator in ohms//

+T=(S*V^2)/r2;//torque developed by motor in watts//

+printf('torque developed by motor=T=%fwatts',T);

+f1=75;//input stator frequency in hertz//

+f2=S*f1;//rotor frequency in hertz//

+printf('\nvalue of rotor frequency=f2=%fhertz',f2);

+ 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH15/EX15.6/15_6.sci b/371/CH15/EX15.6/15_6.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..960601022
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH15/EX15.6/15_6.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+//The ac Motor Control//

+//Example 15.6//

+f1a=50;//intial frequency in hertz//

+f1b=30;//value of frequency reduced to in hertz//

+Va=415;//operating voltage of induction motor in volts//

+Vb=Va*f1b/f1a;//input voltage to the motor in volts//

+printf('value of input voltage to the motor=Vb=%fvolts',Vb);

+Pa=100;//operating power of induction motor in KVA//

+Pb=Pa*f1b/f1a;//input power to the motor in KVA//

+printf('\nvalue of input power to the motor=Pb=%fKVA',Pb);

diff --git a/371/CH15/EX15.7/15_7.sci b/371/CH15/EX15.7/15_7.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..98ab51c59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH15/EX15.7/15_7.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//The ac Motor Control//

+//Example 15.7//

+f1a=40;//intial frequency in hertz//

+Pa=200;//input power of squirrel cage motor in KVA//

+Pb=150;//input power to the motor after change in speed in KVA//

+f1b=f1a*Pb/Pa;//frequency changed to in hertz//

+printf('value of frequency changed to f1b=%fhz',f1b);

+Nsa=1200;//motor initial syncronous speed in rpm//

+Nsb=Nsa*f1b/f1a;

+Sb=0.04;

+Nb=Nsb*(1-Sb);//speed in rpm at 4% slip//

+printf('\nspeed at 4 percent slip=Nb=%frpm',Nb);

+Va=325;//operating voltage of induction motor in volts//

+Vb=Va*f1b/f1a;//stator voltage to the motor in volts//

+printf('\nvalue of stator voltage to the motor=Vb=%fvolts',Vb);

+Pag=150;//power transferred from stator to rotor at 30 hz in KVA//

+Ws=2*3.14*Nsb/60;

+T=Pag*1000/Ws;//torque if stator drop is negligible in watts//

+printf('\ntorque if stator drop is negligible=T=%fwatts',T);

+P2=Sb*Pag;//rotor copper loss in KVA//

+printf('\nrotor copper loss=P2=%fKVA',P2);

diff --git a/371/CH15/EX15.8/15_8.sci b/371/CH15/EX15.8/15_8.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f8aedb3a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH15/EX15.8/15_8.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//The ac Motor Control//

+//Example 15.8//

+f1a=50;//intial input frequency in hertz//

+Ta=2000;//developing torque in induction motor in watts//

+Tb=1500;//new value of torque reduced to in watts//

+f1b=f1a*sqrt(Ta/Tb);//value of stator frequency increased to in hertz//

+printf('value of stator frequency increased to f1b=%fhertz',f1b);

+ 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH15/EX15.9/15_9.sci b/371/CH15/EX15.9/15_9.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0183b3b6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH15/EX15.9/15_9.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//The ac Motor Control//

+//Example 15.9//

+Vom1=sqrt(2)*41.5;//starting rms value of output voltage //

+Vom2=sqrt(2)*166;//ending rms value of output voltage//

+V=415;//operating voltage of cyclo converter//

+A1=(acos(Vom1/(1.35*V)))*180/%pi;//firing angle starts from//

+printf('firing angle starts from A1=%fdegrees',A1);

+A2=(acos(Vom2/(1.35*V)))*180/%pi;//firing angle ends at//

+printf('\nfiring angle ends at A2=%fdegrees',A2);

+PFl=0.8;//load power factor//

+IPF=cos(%pi*7/15)*PFl/sqrt(2);//input power factor//

+DF=0.7;//input displacement factor//

+printf('\ninput power factor=IPF=%f',IPF);

+Mh=cos(%pi*0.3627)*PFl/(sqrt(2)*DF);

+printf('\ndistortion factor=Mh=%f',Mh);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH16/EX16.1/16_1.sci b/371/CH16/EX16.1/16_1.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..eae7efcea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH16/EX16.1/16_1.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+//Faults and Protection//

+//Example 16.1//

+V=415;//AC input voltage//

+Vf=2.53;//voltage safety factor//

+PIV=2*sqrt(2)*V*Vf;//peak inverse voltage of the device//

+printf('peak inverse voltage of the device=PIV=%fVolts',PIV);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH16/EX16.2/16_2.sci b/371/CH16/EX16.2/16_2.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9f3f8fdf5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH16/EX16.2/16_2.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+//Faults and Protection//

+//Example 16.2//

+V=415;//AC input voltage in volts//

+PIV=1350;//peak inverse voltage of the device in volts//

+Vf=PIV/(sqrt(2)*V);//voltage safety factor of the device//

+printf('voltage safety factor of the device=Vf=%f',Vf);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH16/EX16.3/16_3.sci b/371/CH16/EX16.3/16_3.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4263d10ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH16/EX16.3/16_3.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+//Faults and Protection//
+//Example 16.3//
+P=100;//input power in KVA//
+Xt=0.04;//limiting ac reactance value//
+Fov=2;//current ovarload factor//
+Pc=Xt*P*Fov;//choke power of the converter in KVA//
+printf('choke power of the converter=Pc=%fKVA',Pc);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH16/EX16.4/16_4.sci b/371/CH16/EX16.4/16_4.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..702118e3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH16/EX16.4/16_4.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//Faults and Protection//

+//Example 16.4//

+Ls=0.1;//stray inductance in the circuit in milli Henry//

+L=2*Ls;//inductance required for the snubber ckt for protection in mH//

+Im=250;//mean value of current in amp//

+C=2.5*Im;//capacitance required for the snubber ckt in nano Farads//

+printf('capacitance in snubber circuit=C=%fnanofarads',C);

+R=2*100*sqrt(L/C);//resistance in snubber circuit in Kilo Ohms//

+printf('\nResistance in snubber circuit=R=%fKilo Ohms',R);

+Pdif=1*30;//permissible dv/dt of the circuit//

+printf('\nPermissible dv/dt of the circuit=%fMV/s',Pdif);

diff --git a/371/CH16/EX16.5/16_5.sci b/371/CH16/EX16.5/16_5.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..7cd0e8bae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH16/EX16.5/16_5.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+//Faults and Protection//

+//Example 16.5//

+V=240;//dc input voltage in volts//

+Vh=25;//each selenium plate handling voltage in volts//

+N=V/Vh;//number of plates in series in the circuit//

+printf('number of plates in series in the circuit=N=%f',N);

+printf('\nso we will use 10 plates in the circuit');
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH16/EX16.6/16_6.sci b/371/CH16/EX16.6/16_6.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5161a10a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH16/EX16.6/16_6.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//Faults and Protection//

+//Example 16.6//

+V=230;//ac input voltage in volts//

+Vh=30;//each selenium plate handling voltage in volts//

+N=((V/Vh)1)+1;//number of plates in series in each direction in the ckt//

+printf('number of plates in series in each direction=N=%f',N);

+Nt=2*N;//total number of plates in series in the circuit//

+printf('\ntotal number of plates in series in both directions=Nt=%f',Nt);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH16/EX16.7/16_7.sci b/371/CH16/EX16.7/16_7.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3ea7982d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH16/EX16.7/16_7.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//Faults and Protection//

+//Example 16.7//

+V=415;//ac input voltage in volts//

+Vdc=440;//supplied voltage to dc motor in volts//

+Vh=30;//each selenium plate handling voltage in volts//

+N=Vdc/Vh;//number of plates in series in each direction in the ckt//

+N=15;

+printf('number of plates in each branch=N=%f',N);

+Nt=3*N;//total number of plates in series in the circuit//

+printf('\ntotal number of plates=Nt=%f',Nt);

+Ipa=136;//peak armature current in amperes//

+T=30;//time constant in milliseconds//

+R=0.175;//Armature resistance in Ohms//

+L=T*R;//Armature circuit Inductance in milliHenry//

+printf('\nArmature circuit inductance=L=%fmH',L);

+Es=0.5*L*Ipa^2*10^-3;//Energy stored in armature circuit in wattsec//

+printf('\nEnergy stored in armature circuit=Es=%fwattsec',Es);

+Ed=Es/N;//Energy dissipated per plate in wattsec//

+printf('\nEnergy dissipated per plate=Ed=%fwattsec',Ed);

diff --git a/371/CH16/EX16.8/16_8.sci b/371/CH16/EX16.8/16_8.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8f5251c34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH16/EX16.8/16_8.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+//Faults and Protection//

+//Example 16.8//

+printf(' As the thyristor converter is required for both rectification/inversion and as the fuse has to protect against inverter fault also,fuses will have to be located in branches and minimum of six fuses will be required.');

+Id=765;//dc current in amps//

+Ib=0.58*Id;//Current through each branch in amps//

+printf('\n Current through each thyristor branch=Ib=%famps',Ib);

+printf('\n Inverter short through:');

+printf('\n Voltage causing inverter shoot through current=E2+eb');

+printf('\n Maximum value of the voltage causing inverter shoot through current=sqrt(2)*E2+eb');

+//E2=Input voltage of the thyristor converter//

+//eb=Back emf of the motor causing regeneration//

+printf('\n Recovery voltage across each fuse=Ew=E2/2+eb/(2*sqrt(2))');

+//eb=Edi*cos(5*%pi/6)//

+//Edi=Maximum dc value of the voltage on the thyristor converter=1.35*E2 for 6 pulse connection under discussion//

+//Angle of 5*%pi/6 is normally taken as the limiting value of the firing angle beyond which inverter shoot through will takes place//

+printf('\n Further fuse rated voltage=En=E2+Eb/sqrt(2)=2*Ew');

+E2=500;

+Ew=0.914*E2;

+printf('\n Ew=%fvolts',Ew);

+En=2*Ew;

+printf('\n En=%fvolts',En);

+printf('\n Ew/En=455/1000=0.45');

+printf('\n Ita^2=1.4*Itm^2\n Total It^2 value of fuse=Ita^2+Itm^2=2.4*Itm^2=2.4*65000A^2s=1,56,000A^2s');

+printf('\n I^2t of thyristor=1,90,000A^2s');

+printf('\n I^2t of thyristor>I^2t of fuse or the fuse will protect the device');

+printf('\n Short circuit on dc Bushers');

+//The fault is shown in fig 16.9(c) along with path of the fault current//

+printf('\n Maximum voltage causing fault current=sqrt(2)*E2');

+printf('\n Recovery voltage across each fuse=0.5*E2=0.5*500=250volts');

+printf('\n Ew/En=250/1000=0.25 and at this value Ita^2=0.4*Itm^2');

+printf('\n It^2 of fuse=Ita^2+Itm^2=1.4*Itm^2=1.4*65000=91000A^2s');

+printf('\n It^2 of thyristor=1,50,000A^2s\n It^2 of thyristor>>It^2 of fuse\n the fuse will protect thyristor');

+printf('\n Puncture of a device:\n In this case also maximum voltage causing fault current=sqrt(2)*E2\n Thus as per case It^2 value of thyristor will be more than that of fuse');

+printf('\n Short circuit between phase and bridge:\n In this case also as per case above fuse will protect device\n Thus the fuse will protect for all faults');

diff --git a/371/CH16/EX16.9/16_9.sci b/371/CH16/EX16.9/16_9.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d9d89d492
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH16/EX16.9/16_9.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+//Faults and Protection//
+//Example 16.9//
+printf('    Thus from the table we see at a value of circuit inductance 1.592mH,I^2t value of breaker is 4.9*10^5A^2s and selectivity between fuse and breakeris I^2tFuse/I^2t Breaker=4*10^5/4.97*10^5=1.01');
+printf('\nAs this is just the border case we will go for the next value of inductancei.e,1.91mH.where selectivity=5*10^5/4.34*10^5=1.18');
+printf('\nThus the additional inductance required is=1.91-1.273=0.637mH');
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH2/EX2.1/2_1_sci.sce b/371/CH2/EX2.1/2_1_sci.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f815a4d08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH2/EX2.1/2_1_sci.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+//chapter 2:THE DEVICE

+//Example 2.1

+ Vpiv=1500;//peak inverse voltage//

+ V=415;//main supply//

+ Vf=Vpiv/(sqrt(2)*V);//voltage safety factor//

+printf('value of voltage safety factor=%fv',Vf);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH2/EX2.2/2_2_sci.sce b/371/CH2/EX2.2/2_2_sci.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5edd7bf78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH2/EX2.2/2_2_sci.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+//chapter 2:THE DEVICE

+//Example 2.2

+ Vf=2.1;//voltage safety factor//

+ V=230;//main supply//

+ Vpiv=sqrt(2)*Vf*V;//peak inverse voltage//

+printf('value of peak inverse voltage=%fv',Vpiv);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH2/EX2.3/2_3_sci.sce b/371/CH2/EX2.3/2_3_sci.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4485072b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH2/EX2.3/2_3_sci.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+//chapter 2:THE DEVICE

+//Example 2.3

+ C=30*10^-12;//equivalent capacitance//

+ diffV=150*10^6;//dv/dt value of capacitor//

+ Ic=C*(diffV);//capacitive current//

+printf('value of capacitive current=%fAmp',Ic);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH2/EX2.4/2_4_sci.sce b/371/CH2/EX2.4/2_4_sci.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..187f41550
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH2/EX2.4/2_4_sci.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+//chapter 2:THE DEVICE

+//Example 2.4

+ Ic=5;//capacitive current in milli amperes//

+ difV=175;//dv/dt value in mega V/s//

+ C=Ic/(difV)*10^3;//equivalent capacitance in pico farad//

+printf('value of equivalent capacitance=%fpico farad',C);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH2/EX2.5/2_5_sci.sce b/371/CH2/EX2.5/2_5_sci.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1c13808aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH2/EX2.5/2_5_sci.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+//chapter 2:THE DEVICE

+//Example 2.5

+ Ic=6*10^-3;//capacitive current//

+ C=25*10^-12;//equivalent capacitance//

+ diffV=Ic/C;//dv/dt value of capacitor//

+printf('value of dv/dt=%fv/s',diffV);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH2/EX2.6/2_6.sci b/371/CH2/EX2.6/2_6.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0b9d71df6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH2/EX2.6/2_6.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+//chapter 2:THE DEVICE

+//Example 2.6////problem 2.1//

+ Ic=5;//capacitive current in milli amperes//

+ C=35;//equivalent capacitance in pico farad//

+ difV=Ic*10^3/C;//value of dv/dt that can trigger the device in V/microseconds//

+printf('value of dv/dt that can trigger the device=%fV/microseconds',difV);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH2/EX2.7/2_7.sci b/371/CH2/EX2.7/2_7.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..fd5e6e5e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH2/EX2.7/2_7.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+//chapter 2:THE DEVICE//

+//Example 2.7//problem2.3//

+ Vpiv=1350;//peak inverse voltage in volts//

+ V=415;//main supply in volts//

+ Vf=Vpiv/(sqrt(2)*V);//voltage safety factor//

+printf('value of voltage safety factor=%fv',Vf);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH3/EX3.1/3_1_sci.sce b/371/CH3/EX3.1/3_1_sci.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..64767ed7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH3/EX3.1/3_1_sci.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+//Fabrication and Thermal characteristics

+//Example 3.1

+Xa=50;//Ambient temperature//

+P=150;//on state power loss in Watts//

+Rjc=0.02;//junction_case thermal resistance//

+Rcs=0.05;//case_sink thermal resistance//

+Rsa=0.08;//sink_atmosphere thermal resistance//

+Xj=Xa+P*(Rjc+Rcs+Rsa);//junction temperature//

+printf('value of junction temperature=%fc',Xj);

diff --git a/371/CH3/EX3.2/3_2_sci.sce b/371/CH3/EX3.2/3_2_sci.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f6d2c4da1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH3/EX3.2/3_2_sci.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//Fabrication and Thermal characteristics

+//Example 3.2

+Xa=50;//Ambient temperature//

+P20=25;//on state power loss at 20%load in Watts//

+P200=350;//on state power loss at 200%load in Watts//

+Rjc=0.02;//junction_case thermal resistance//

+Rcs=0.05;//case_sink thermal resistance//

+Rsa=0.12;//sink_atmosphere thermal resistance at 20% load cycle//

+T1=60;//time period for the supply of 200% load//

+T=((200^2-20^2)*T1)/(100^2-20^2);//time period of one cycle//

+printf('value of time period of one cycle=%fs',T);

+Ts=140;//thermal time constant for heat sink//

+Xj20=Xa+P20*(Rjc+Rcs+Rsa);//junction temperature//

+printf('\nvalue of junction temperature=%fc',Xj20);

+P=P200-P20;//power required to cool down from 200%load cycle to 20% load cycle//

+printf('\npower required to cool down=%fwatts',P);

+Rsa200=((Rsa)*(1-exp(-T1/Ts)))/(1-exp(-T/Ts));//sink_atmosphere thermal resistance at 200% load cycle//

+Xj200=Xj20+(P*(Rjc+Rcs+Rsa200));//maximum junction temperature//

+printf('\nvalue of maximum junction temperature=%fc',Xj200);

diff --git a/371/CH3/EX3.3/3_3_sci.sce b/371/CH3/EX3.3/3_3_sci.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..459d1f5af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH3/EX3.3/3_3_sci.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+//Fabrication and Thermal characteristics

+//Example 3.3

+Xa=35;//Ambient temperature//

+P=150;//on state power loss in Watts//

+Rjc=0.01;//junction_case thermal resistance//

+Rcs=0.08;//case_sink thermal resistance//

+Rsa=0.09;//sink_atmosphere thermal resistance//

+Xj=Xa+P*(Rjc+Rcs+Rsa);//junction temperature//

+printf('value of junction temperature=%fc',Xj);

diff --git a/371/CH3/EX3.4/3_4_sci.sce b/371/CH3/EX3.4/3_4_sci.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e74566a47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH3/EX3.4/3_4_sci.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//Fabrication and Thermal characteristics

+//Example 3.4

+Xa=45;//Ambient temperature//

+Rjs=0.1;//junction_sink thermal resistance//

+Rsa=0.08;//sink_atmosphere thermal resistance//

+Xj=120;//junction temperature//

+P=(Xj-Xa)/(Rjs+Rsa);//on state power loss//

+printf('value of on state power loss=%fwatts',P);

diff --git a/371/CH3/EX3.5/3_5_sci.sce b/371/CH3/EX3.5/3_5_sci.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6290f56c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH3/EX3.5/3_5_sci.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+//Fabrication and Thermal characteristics

+//Example 3.5

+Xa=40;//Ambient temperature//

+P=300;//on state power loss in Watts//

+Rjc=0.015;//junction_case thermal resistance//

+Rsa=0.1;//sink_atmosphere thermal resistance//

+Xj=105;//junction temperature//

+Rcs=((Xj-Xa)/(P))-(Rjc+Rsa);//case_sink thermal resistance//

+printf('value of case sink thermal resistance=%fc/w',Rcs);

diff --git a/371/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.sci b/371/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..511f1af1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//Series and Parallel Connection of Thyristors//

+//Example 4.1//

+Vc=3500;//voltage rating of circuit//

+Vt=750;//voltage rating of each thyristor//

+Ic=1500;//current rating of circuit//

+It=500;//current rating of each thyristor//

+DF=0.1;//Derating factor of circuit//

+Ns=Vc/(Vt*(1-DF));//number of devices in series//

+printf('Number of Devices in Series=%f',Ns);

+Np=Ic/(It*(1-DF));//number of devices in parallel//

+printf('\nNumber of Devices in Parallel=%f',Np);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH4/EX4.2/4_2.sci b/371/CH4/EX4.2/4_2.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..72842d75b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH4/EX4.2/4_2.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//Series and Parallel Connection of Thyristors//

+//Example 4.2//

+Ed=20;//permissible difference in voltage across devices in Volts//

+Id=1*10^-3;//maximum difference in latching current across devices in Amperes//

+Qd=10;//difference in recovery charge in Micro coloumbs//

+Vd=20;//permissible difference in blocking voltage in Volts//

+R=Ed/Id;//equivalent resistance in Ohms//

+R1=R;

+printf('value of equivalent resistance=R=%fohms',R=R1);

+C1=Qd/Vd;//equivalent capacitance in Micro farads//

+printf('\nvalue of equivalent capacitance=C1=%fmicrofarads',C1);

+

diff --git a/371/CH5/EX5.1/5_1.sci b/371/CH5/EX5.1/5_1.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6f84fffbb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH5/EX5.1/5_1.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//Line commuted Converters//

+//Example 5.1//

+Edc=440;//dc terminal voltage of the thyristor in volts//

+E2=415;//input voltage of the thyristor in volts//

+Id=100;//dc motor current in amps//

+C=Edc/(1.35*E2);

+printf('cosine of the firing angle=C=%f',C);

+A=acos(C)*180/%pi;

+printf('firing angle of the converter=A=%fdegrees',A);

+Pac=1.05*1.35*E2*Id/1000;//Ac terminal power in Kilo watts//

+printf('AC terminal power=Pac=%fKW',Pac);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH5/EX5.2/5_2.sci b/371/CH5/EX5.2/5_2.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..87009aa20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH5/EX5.2/5_2.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//Line commuted Converters//

+//Example 5.2//

+Id=200;//rated dc current in amperes//

+I2=0.817*Id;//AC line current in amperes//

+printf('AC line current of the thyristor=I2=%famperes',I2);

+E2=415;//AC line voltage in volts//

+Xt=0.06*E2/I2;//effective reactance of the thyristor in ohms//

+printf('\neffective reactance of the thyristor=Xt=%fohms',Xt);

+C=1-((Id*Xt)/(E2*sqrt(3)));//cosine value of the commutational angle//

+printf('\ncosine value of the commutational angle=C=%f',C);

+CA=acos(C)*180/%pi;

+printf('\ncommutation angle=CA=%fdegrees',CA);

+IVR=(1-C)/2;//inductive voltage regulation//

+printf('\nInductive voltage regulation=IVR=%f',IVR);

+

+

+

diff --git a/371/CH5/EX5.3/5_3.sci b/371/CH5/EX5.3/5_3.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5fb2f1cb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH5/EX5.3/5_3.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+//Line commuted Converters//

+//Example 5.3//

+E2=415;//input voltage in volts//

+Edc=1.17*E2;//dc terminal voltage in volts//

+Emax2=sqrt(2)*E2;//maximum value of dc voltage//

+Z=2;//total impedance in ohms//

+printf('maximum value of dc voltage=Emax2=%fvolts',Emax2);

+Irms=Emax2*sqrt(%pi/3+sqrt(3)/4)/(2*%pi*Z);

+printf('\nrms current through the device=Irms=%famps',Irms);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH5/EX5.4/5_4.sci b/371/CH5/EX5.4/5_4.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f51bacb8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH5/EX5.4/5_4.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//Line commuted Converters//

+//Example 5.4//

+Edc=460;//dc terminal voltage of the thyristor in volts//

+E2=415;//input voltage of the thyristor in volts//

+Id=200;//dc motor current in amps//

+C=Edc/(1.35*E2);

+printf('cosine of the firing angle=C=%f',C);

+A=acos(C)*180/%pi;

+printf('\nfiring angle of the converter=A=%fdegrees',A);

+Pdc=Edc*Id/1000;//dc power delivered by the converter in kilo Watts

+printf('\ndc power delivered by the converter=Pdc=%fKW',Pdc);

+Pac=1.05*Pdc;//Ac terminal power in KVA//

+printf('\nAC terminal power=Pac=%fKVA',Pac);

+Iac=Pac*1000/(sqrt(3)*E2);

+printf('\nAC line current=Iac=%famps',Iac);

+Ib=0.58*Id;//Branch current through the device in amps//

+printf('\nBranch current through the device=Ib=%famps',Ib);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH5/EX5.5/5_5.sci b/371/CH5/EX5.5/5_5.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a8d91e634
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH5/EX5.5/5_5.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+//Line commuted Converters//

+//Example 5.5//

+Id=150;//rated dc current in amperes//

+E2=415;//AC line voltage in volts//

+Emax=sqrt(2)*E2;

+C=cos(16*%pi/180);//cosine value of the commutational angle//

+printf('\ncosine value of the commutational angle=C=%f',C);

+Xt=(1-C)*E2*sqrt(3)/Id;//effective reactance of the thyristor in ohms//

+printf('\neffective reactance of the thyristor=Xt=%fohms',Xt);

+

diff --git a/371/CH5/EX5.6/5_6.sci b/371/CH5/EX5.6/5_6.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c5ffd26df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH5/EX5.6/5_6.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+//Line commuted Converters//

+//Example 5.6//

+E2=230;//AC line voltage in volts//

+Emax=sqrt(2)*E2;

+C=cos(13*%pi/180);//cosine value of the commutational angle//

+Xt=0.16;//effective reactance of the thyristor in ohms//

+Id=(1-C)*E2*sqrt(3)/Xt;//AC load current in amperes//

+printf('AC load current=Id=%famps',Id);

+

diff --git a/371/CH5/EX5.7/5_7.sci b/371/CH5/EX5.7/5_7.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..92a76ce37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH5/EX5.7/5_7.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//Line commuted Converters//

+//Example 5.7//

+E2=230;//input voltage in volts//

+Emax=sqrt(2)*E2;//maximum value of dc voltage//

+A=%pi/6;

+Edc=Emax*(1+cos(A))/(2*%pi);

+printf('Average value of dc voltage=Edc=%fvolts',Edc);

+Eeff=Emax*sqrt((%pi-A)/(4*%pi)+(sin(2*A)/(8*%pi)));

+printf('\nEffective value of voltage=Eeff=%fvolts',Eeff);

+R=10;//total impedance in ohms//

+Id=Edc/R;

+printf('\nLoad current=Id=%famps',Id);

diff --git a/371/CH5/EX5.8/5_8.sci b/371/CH5/EX5.8/5_8.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..bb0f13281
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH5/EX5.8/5_8.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+//Line commuted Converters//

+//Example 5.8//

+E2=415;//input voltage in volts//

+Emax=sqrt(2)*E2;//maximum value of dc voltage//

+A=%pi/6;//triggering angle in degrees//

+Edc=Emax*cos(A)/%pi;//dc output voltage in volts//

+printf('dc output voltage=Edc=%fvolts',Edc);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH7/EX7.1/7_1.sci b/371/CH7/EX7.1/7_1.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b0afaaac1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH7/EX7.1/7_1.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//Inverter Circuits//

+//Example 7.1//

+L=10*10^-3;//Inductance of series inverter circuit in Henry//

+C=0.1*10^-6;//Capacitance of series inverter circuit in Farads//

+R=400;//Load Resistance in Ohms//

+Toff=0.2*10^-3;//Off time of Duty cycle in sec//

+w=sqrt((1/(L*C))-(R^2/(4*L^2)));//Angular Frequency in rad/sec//

+printf('value of w=%f',w);

+F=w/(3.14+(w*Toff));//Output Frequency in Hertz//

+printf('\nvalue of the Output Frequency=F=%fHertz',F);

+T=1/F;//Time period of Output in sec//

+AF=exp((-R/(2*L))*T);//Attenuation Factor//

+printf('\nvalue of the Attenuation Factor=AF=%f',AF);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH7/EX7.2/7_2.sci b/371/CH7/EX7.2/7_2.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1479df624
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH7/EX7.2/7_2.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+//Inverter Circuits//

+//Example 7.2//

+C=1*10^-6;//Capacitance of series inverter circuit in Farads//

+f=5*10^3;//operating Frequency of series Inverter in Hertz//

+L=1/(C*(f^2));//value of Inductance under Resonance condition in Henry//

+printf('value of Inductance at resonance=L=%fHenry',L);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH7/EX7.3/7_3.sci b/371/CH7/EX7.3/7_3.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..53df03b59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH7/EX7.3/7_3.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+//Inverter Circuits//

+//Example 7.3//

+L=5*10^-3;//Inductance of series inverter circuit in Henry//

+C=1*10^-6;//Capacitance of series inverter circuit in Farads//

+Rl=400;//Load Resistance in Ohms//

+R2=10^4;//value of the second resistance in Ohms//

+DF=0.7;//Damping Factor value of LC filter//

+R1=(2*(DF)*(sqrt(L/C)))-R2-(1/(Rl*C));//value of the first resistance in Ohms//

+printf('value of resistance=R1=%fOhms',R1);

diff --git a/371/CH8/EX8.1/8_1.sci b/371/CH8/EX8.1/8_1.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ddd4e029b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH8/EX8.1/8_1.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//Harmonic and Powerfactor with the Converter system//

+//Example 8.1//

+I5=0.2;//amplitude of 5th harmonic current in Kilo Amperes//

+Vp= 11/(sqrt(3));//Input supply phase voltage in Kilo Volts//

+P=5;//supply power per phase of filter in MVAR//

+Pc=P+((Vp^2*I5^2)/(5*P));//AC Converter power per phase in MVAR//

+printf('\nvalue of AC converter power=Pc=%f MVAR',Pc);

+C=(Pc*10^3*3)/(11^2*314);//capacitance of the ShuntFilter in milliFarad//

+printf('\nvalue of the capacitance of shunt filter=C=%fmillifarads',C);

+L=(106*10^6)/(400*4*25*250*3.14^2);//inductance of filter in mHenry//

+printf('\nInductance of filter=L=%fmilliHenry',L);

+Q=50;//value of Q//

+W5=2*3.14*5*50;//angular frequency of 5th harmonic//

+R=(W5*L)/Q;//Resistance of filter in milliOhms//

+printf('\nResistance of filter=R=%fmilliOhms',R);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH8/EX8.2/8_2.sci b/371/CH8/EX8.2/8_2.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c6184b561
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH8/EX8.2/8_2.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//Harmonic and Powerfactor with the Converter system//

+//Example 8.2//

+printf('For six pulse converter most effective harmonic is 6th and for worst case a=90 degree\n');

+Wv=24.1;//voltage ripple in percentage//

+printf('voltage ripple=Wv=%fpercent',Wv);

+Id=200;

+I6=(5*Id)/100;//Harmonic current for 6th harmonic in amp//

+printf('\nHarmonic current for 6th harmonic=I6=%famp',I6);

+Edc=460;//dc voltage in volts//

+W=2*3.14*50;

+La=1;//inductance already present in the circuit in milliHenry//

+L=((Wv*Edc*10)/(I6*6*W))-La;//additional inductance required in milliHenry//

+L=5.93-1;

+printf('\nadditional inductance required=L=%fmilliHenry',L);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH8/EX8.3/8_3.sci b/371/CH8/EX8.3/8_3.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e0af86865
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH8/EX8.3/8_3.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+//Harmonic and Powerfactor with the Converter system//

+//Example 8.3//

+Id=200;//rated dc current in amperes//

+I2=0.817*Id;//AC line current in amperes//

+printf('AC line current of the thyristor=I2=%famperes',I2);

+E2=415;//AC line voltage in volts//

+Edc=400;//dc terminal voltage in volts//

+Xt=0.04*E2/I2;//effective reactance of the thyristor in ohms//

+printf('\neffective reactance of the thyristor=Xt=%fohms',Xt);

+C=1-((Id*Xt)/(E2*sqrt(3)));//cosine value of the commutational angle//

+printf('\ncosine value of the commutational angle=C=%f',C);

+CA=acos(C)*180/%pi;

+printf('\ncommutation angle=CA=%fdegrees',CA);

+F=Edc/(1.35*E2*(1+C)/2);//cosine value of the firing angle//

+printf('\ncosine value of the firing value=F=%f',F);

+FA=acos(F)*180/%pi;

+printf('\nfiring angle=FA=%fdegrees',FA);

+I2=0.817*Id;//AC line current in amps//

+printf('\nAC line current=I2=%famps',I2);

+Ied=0.58*Id;//current through each device in amps//

+printf('\nCurrent through each device=Ied=%famps',Ied);

+PF=F*(1+C)/2;//power factor//

+printf('\npower factor=PF=%f',PF);

+AP=sqrt(3)*E2*I2*PF;//active power drawn from the mains in Watts//

+printf('\nactive power drawn from the mains=AP=%fWatts',AP);

+RP=sqrt(3)*E2*I2*sqrt(1-PF^2);//reactive power in VAR//

+printf('\nReactive power drawn=RP=%fVAR',RP);//end of the program//

+

+

+

+

diff --git a/371/CH8/EX8.4/8_4.sci b/371/CH8/EX8.4/8_4.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c611fa43e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH8/EX8.4/8_4.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//Harmonic and Powerfactor with the Converter system//

+//Example 8.4//

+Id=100;//rated dc current in amperes//

+I2=0.817*Id;//AC line current in amperes//

+printf('AC line current of the thyristor=I2=%famperes',I2);

+E2=230;//AC line voltage in volts//

+Edc=200;//dc terminal voltage in volts//

+PF=cos(%pi/4)*(1+cos(%pi/10))/2;//power factor//

+printf('\npower factor=PF=%f',PF);

+RP=sqrt(3)*E2*I2*sqrt(1-PF^2);//reactive power to be supplied by shunt compensator in VAR//

+printf('\nReactive power to be supplied by shunt compensator=RP=%fVAR',RP);//end of the program//

+

+

+

+

diff --git a/371/CH8/EX8.5/8_5.sci b/371/CH8/EX8.5/8_5.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d55d01ace
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH8/EX8.5/8_5.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//Harmonic and Powerfactor with the Converter system//

+//Example 8.5//

+I11=400/11;//amplitude of 11th harmonic current in Amperes//

+V1= 11/(sqrt(3));//Input supply phase voltage in Kilo Volts//

+P=7;//supply power per phase of filter in MVAR//

+Pc=P+((V1^2*I11^2*10^-3)/(11*P));//AC Converter MVAR rating of the capacitor//

+printf('value of MVAR rating of the capacitor=Pc=%fMVAR',Pc);

+W=2*3.14*50;

+C=(Pc*10^6)/(V1^2*W);//capacitance of the ShuntFilter in microFarad//

+printf('\nvalue of the capacitance of shunt filter=C=%fmicrofarads',C);

+W11=11*W;

+L=10^8/(C*W11^2);//inductance of filter in mHenry//

+printf('\nInductance of filter=L=%fmilliHenry',L);

+Q=35;//value of Q//

+R=(W11*L)/Q;//Resistance of filter in milliOhms//

+printf('\nResistance of filter=R=%fmilliOhms',R);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH8/EX8.6/8_6.sci b/371/CH8/EX8.6/8_6.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d547dc673
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH8/EX8.6/8_6.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//Harmonic and Powerfactor with the Converter system//

+//Example 8.6//

+printf('For six pulse converter most effective harmonic is 6th and for worst case a=90 degree\n');

+h=6;

+Wv=24.1;//voltage ripple in percentage//

+printf('voltage ripple=Wv=%fpercent',Wv);

+Edc=460;//dc voltage in volts//

+W=2*3.14*50;

+Ldc=6;//total dc circuit inductance in milliHenry//

+I6=Wv*Edc*10/(Ldc*h*W);//Harmonic current for 6th harmonic in amp//

+printf('\nHarmonic current for 6th harmonic=I6=%famp',I6);

+Id=300;

+Wi=100*I6/Id;//maximum value of current ripple in percentage//

+printf('\nmax. value of current ripple=Wi=%fpercent',Wi);//end of program//

diff --git a/371/CH8/EX8.7/8_7.sci b/371/CH8/EX8.7/8_7.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e81289dd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH8/EX8.7/8_7.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//Harmonic and Powerfactor with the Converter system//

+//Example 8.7//

+A=%pi/4;

+h=6;

+Wv=sqrt(2)*sqrt(h^2-cos(A)^2*(h^2-1))*100/(h^2-1);

+printf('voltage ripple of the 6th harmonic=Wv=%fpercent',Wv);

+printf('\nFor six pulse converter most effective harmonic is 6th and for worst case A=90degrees\n');

+A=%pi/2;

+Wv6=sqrt(2)*sqrt(h^2-cos(A)^2*(h^2-1))*100/(h^2-1);//maximum voltage ripple in percentage//

+printf('\nmaximum voltage ripple=Wv6=%fpercent',Wv6);

+A=%pi/4;

+h=12;

+Wv=sqrt(2)*sqrt(h^2-cos(A)^2*(h^2-1))*100/(h^2-1);

+printf('\nvoltage ripple of the 12th harmonic=Wv=%fpercent',Wv);

+A=%pi/2;

+Wv12=sqrt(2)*sqrt(h^2-cos(A)^2*(h^2-1))*100/(h^2-1);//maximum voltage ripple in percentage//

+printf('\nmaximum voltage ripple=Wv12=%fpercent',Wv12);

+PR=(Wv6-Wv12)*100/Wv6;//percentage reduction in max. voltage ripple//

+printf('\npercentage reduction in max. voltage ripple=PR=%fpercent',PR);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/371/CH8/EX8.8/8_8.sci b/371/CH8/EX8.8/8_8.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d76b5d0b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH8/EX8.8/8_8.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+//Harmonic and Powerfactor with the Converter system//

+//Example 8.8//

+Wv=18.6;

+h=6;

+C=sqrt(h^2-(Wv^2*((h^2-1)^2)/2*10^4))*10^6/sqrt(h^2-1);//cosine of triggering angle//

+C=sqrt(14.68/35);

+printf('cosine of triggering angle=C=%f',C);

+A=acos(C)*180/%pi;

+printf('\ntriggering angle of the device=A=%fdegrees',A);//endof program//

diff --git a/371/CH8/EX8.9/8_9.sci b/371/CH8/EX8.9/8_9.sci
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..286fc50c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/371/CH8/EX8.9/8_9.sci
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//Harmonic and Powerfactor with the Converter system//

+//Example 8.9//

+E2=415;//AC line voltage in volts//

+Edc=380;//dc terminal voltage in volts//

+C=1.1*Edc/(1.35*E2);

+printf('cosine of the triggering angle=C=%f',C);

+A=acos(C)*180/%pi;

+printf('\ntriggering angle of the device=A=%fdegrees',A);

+PF=C*(1+cos(%pi/12))/2;//power factor//

+printf('\npower factor=PF=%f',PF);

+Id=200;

+I2=0.817*Id;

+RP=sqrt(3)*E2*I2*sqrt(1-PF^2)/1000;//reactive power to be supplied by shunt compensator in KVAR//

+printf('\nReactive power to be supplied by shuntcompensator=RP=%fKVAR',RP);//end of the program//

+

+

+

+