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+//Example 9.1, Page Number 449

+//The Function fpround(dependency) is used to round a floating point number x to n decimal places

+//Signal to Noise Ratio Calculation

+clc;

+//For Given P-I-N Diode

+q=0.6 //Quantam Efficiency

+l=1.3*(10**-6) //Wavelength in Meters

+i=3*(10**-9) //Reverse Bias Leakage Current in Ampere

+r=50 //Resistance in Ohm

+b=500*(10**6) //Bandwidth in Hertz

+P=10*(10**-6) //Optical Power in Watt

+e=1.6*(10**-19) //Charge of an Electron in Coulombs

+h=6.6*(10**-34) //Plancks Constant in meter square kilogram per second

+c=3*(10**8)  //Speed Of Light in meters per second

+k=1.38*(10**-23) //Boltzmann Constant in meter square kilogram per second square Kelvin

+c1=1*(10**-12) //Assumed Capacitance in Farad

+

+ip=(q*P*e*l)/(h*c)  //i is the Photogenerated current in Amperes

+disp(ip,"The Photogenereated Current in A is:");

+

+itotal=sqrt(2*(i+ip)*e*b) //itotal is the Total Shot Noise Current in Amperes

+disp(itotal," The Total shot noise Current in A is:");

+

+ij=sqrt(4*k*r*b*300)/r //ij is the Total Johnson Noise Current in Amperes

+disp(ij," The Total Johnson Noise Current in A is:");

+

+sn=(ip**2)/((itotal**2)+(ij**2)) //sn is the Signal to Noise Ratio in Decibel

+disp(sn," The Required Signal to Noise ratio in dB is:");

+

+rl=1/(2*%pi*c1*b) //rl is the optimum Load Resistance in ohms

+rl=fpround(rl,1)

+disp(rl," The Optimum Load Resistance in ohms:");

+

+ij2=sqrt(4*k*rl*b*300)/rl

+mprintf("\n  The Optimum Johnson Noise Current in A is reduced to:\n\n    %.2e\n",ij2)

+

+sn1=(ip**2)/((itotal**2)+(ij2**2))

+disp(sn1," The Signal to Noise Ratio increases to:");