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+//fiber optic communications by joseph c. palais
+//example 11.3
+//OS=Windows XP sp3
+//Scilab version 5.4.1
+//given
+clc
+clear all
+//given
+lambda=0.85e-6//wave length in um
+Pi=10*10^-3//led Power in W
+L=20//fiber cable loss in dB
+Row=0.5//respomsivity in A/W
+ID=2*10^-9//Detector dark current in A
+RL=50//load resistance in ohm
+BW=10*10^6//receiver's bandwidth in Hz
+Ta=300//temperature in Kelvin
+SCL=14//source coupling loss in dB
+CL=10//connector loss in dB
+e=1.6*10^-19//charge of electron in columbs
+k=1.38e-23//boltzman constant
+M=160//multiplication factor
+//to find
+TL=SCL+CL+L//total Loss in dB
+Tn=10^(-TL/10)//transmission efficiency
+PR=Pi*Tn//received power in W
+is=Row*PR//photo current in A
+PES=is^2*RL*M^2//Electrical signal power in W
+PNS=2*e*is*BW*RL*M^2//shot noise power in W
+PNT=4*k*Ta*BW//Thermal noise power in W
+SNR=PES/(PNT+PNS)//signal to noise ratio
+SNRdB=10*log10(SNR)//signal to noise ratio in dB
+SNRQL=is/(2*e*BW)//quantum limited SNR
+SNRQLdB=10*log10(SNRQL)//quantum limited SNR in dB
+//mprintf("Received power =%fx10^-8W",PR*10^8)//multiplication by 10^8 to convert the unit from W to x10^-8W
+//mprintf("\nPhoto current=%fnA",is*10^9)//multiplication by 10^9 to convert the unit from A to nA
+mprintf("\nElectrical signal power=%f*10^-8W",PES*10^8)//multiplication by 10^12 to convert the unit from W to x10^-8W
+mprintf("\nShot noise power=%f*10^-13W",PNS*10^13)//multiplication by 10^13 to convert the unit from W to x10^-13W
+mprintf("\nThermal noise power=%f*10^-13W",PNT*10^13)//multiplication by 10^13 to convert the unit from W to x10^-13W
+mprintf("\nSignal to noise ratio=%fdB",SNRdB)//The answers vary due to round off error
+mprintf("\nSignal to noise ratio quantum limited=%fdB",SNRQLdB)// The answers vary due to round off error