initial commit / add all books

34 files changed, 420 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/296/CH1/EX1.1/eg1_1.sce b/296/CH1/EX1.1/eg1_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..947def86d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH1/EX1.1/eg1_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+a = 5; // lattice constant 

+b = 0.5*sqrt(a^2 + a^2 +a^2); //separation between nearest atoms 

+r = 0.5*b; //radius of each atom

+V = 4/3*%pi*r*r*r; //Volume of each atom

+n = 1+8*0.125; //number of atoms per cube

+pf = V*n/(a*a*a); //packing fraction

+disp("1)")

+disp(a,"lattice constant (in armstrong)=")

+disp(r,"radius of atoms (in armstrong) =")

+disp(pf,"maximum packing fraction =")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH1/EX1.2/eg1_2.sce b/296/CH1/EX1.2/eg1_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a879d15c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH1/EX1.2/eg1_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+disp("The plane illustrated in Fig. 1-5 has intercepts at 2a, 4b and lc along the three crystal axes. Taking the reciprocals of these intercepts, we get 1/4, 1/2,and 1. These three fractions have the same relationship to each other as the integers 2,1, and 4 (obtained by multiplying each fraction by 4).Thus the plane can be referred to as a (214) plane. The only exception is if the intercept is a fraction of the lattice constant a. In that case, we do not reduce it to the lowest set of integers.")

+x = 0:0.05:2;

+y = 0:0.1:4;

+a=2;

+b=4;

+c=1;

+deff('[z]=fs(x,y)','z = (1-(0.5*x)-(0.25*y))');

+//z = (1-(0.5*x)-(0.25*y));

+fplot3d(x,y,fs);

+

diff --git a/296/CH1/EX1.3/eg1_3.sce b/296/CH1/EX1.3/eg1_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ad956ff42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH1/EX1.3/eg1_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+a = 5.43*10^-8; // lattice constant 

+d = (1+4*0.25)/(a*a); //areal density on (100) plane

+n = 2*(6*0.5+8*0.125); //number of atoms per cube

+V = n/(a*a*a); //volume density

+disp("3)")

+disp(a,"lattice constant (in cm)=")

+disp(d,"areal density on (100) plane (in per cm square) =")

+disp(V,"volume density (in per cm cube) =")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH1/EX1.4/eg1_4.sce b/296/CH1/EX1.4/eg1_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..19a3d9d40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH1/EX1.4/eg1_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+n = 10^16; // desired density of P atoms 

+k = 0.35;

+l = 5000; //initial load of Si in grams

+w =31;//atomic weight of P

+d = 2.33; //density of Si

+i = n/k; //initial concentration of P in melt, assuming C(S)=kC(L)

+V = l/d; //volume of Si

+N = i*V; //number of P atoms

+W = N*w/(6.02*10^23)

+disp("4.a)")

+disp(n,"desired density of P atoms (per cubic centimeter)=")

+disp(i,"initial concentration of P in melt (in per cubic cm )=")

+disp("4.b)")

+disp(V,"Volume of Si (in cubic cm) =")

+disp(N,"number of P atoms =")

+disp(W,"weight of phosphorus to be added(in grams) =")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH2/EX2.1/eg2_1.sce b/296/CH2/EX2.1/eg2_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d83d6b4bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH2/EX2.1/eg2_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+//j=complex(0,1);

+//psi = A*exp(j*k*x);

+disp("px = h_cross*k(x)");

+disp("If we try to evaluate these integrals directly, we run into the problem that both numerator and denominator tend to infinity, because an ideal plane wave is strictly not a normalizable wave function. The trick to use is to choose the limits of integration from, say, -L/2 to +L/2 in a region of length L.The factor L cancels out in the numerator and denominator. Then we can consider L approaches infinity. For wave functions that are normalizable, such a mathematical trickdoes not have to be used.")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH3/EX3.1/eg3_1.sce b/296/CH3/EX3.1/eg3_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..baa0da668
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH3/EX3.1/eg3_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+//j=complex(0,1);

+//psi = U*exp(j*k*x);

+disp("px = h_cross*k(x)");

+disp("With infinite limits of integration, both the numerator and denominator are infinite. For problems of this type, one integrates between the finite limits -LI2 and +L/2 and, in the final result, then assumes that L approaches infinity. This result implies that (E, k) diagrams can be considered plots of electron energy vs. momentum, with a scaling factor h_cross.")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH3/EX3.2/eg3_2.png b/296/CH3/EX3.2/eg3_2.png
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..99af937bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH3/EX3.2/eg3_2.png
diff --git a/296/CH3/EX3.2/eg3_2.sce b/296/CH3/EX3.2/eg3_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3c94cbc98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH3/EX3.2/eg3_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+//p = m*v

+//p = h*k; //electron momentum, where h is constant

+//E = 0.5*p*p/m

+//E = 0.5*h*k*k/m; //electron energy

+k = -10:0.01:10; //limits on wave vector k

+E = k^2; // E is proportional to square of wave vector

+plot(k,E)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH3/EX3.3/eg3_3.sce b/296/CH3/EX3.3/eg3_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e1fcdf665
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH3/EX3.3/eg3_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+n = 1;

+epsilonr = 11.8; //relative dielectric constant for silicon

+epsilon = 8.85*10^-12; //dielectric constant

+m = 9.11*10^-31; //mass of electron

+mn = 0.26*m; //for silicon

+h = 6.63*10^-34;

+q = 1.6*10^-19; //electronic charge

+r = 10^10*(epsilonr*epsilon*h*h)/(mn*q*q*%pi); //radius in armstrong

+disp(r,"radius of electron orbit around donor (in armstrong) =")

+disp("This is more than 4 lattice spacings a = 5.43 armstrong.")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH3/EX3.4/eg3_4.sce b/296/CH3/EX3.4/eg3_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1a85a4c45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH3/EX3.4/eg3_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+m = 9.11*10^-31; //mass of electron

+ml = 0.98*m; 

+ms = 0.19*m;

+mn = 6^(2/3)*(ml*ms*ms)^(1/3); //density of states effective mass calculation

+mn0 = mn/m;

+disp(mn,"density of states effective mass (in kilogram)=")

+disp(mn0,"density of states effective mass in proportion to mass of electron= ")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH3/EX3.5/eg3_5.sce b/296/CH3/EX3.5/eg3_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0f38190c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH3/EX3.5/eg3_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+n0 = 10^17; //concentration of electrons

+ni = 1.5*10^10; //intrinsic concentration

+T = 300; //(temperature in Kelvin)

+p0 = ni*ni/n0; // concentration of holes

+k = 0.0259; //Boltzmann's constant multiplied with T = 300

+E = k*log(n0/ni);

+disp(p0,"concentration of holes (in per cubic centimeter)=")

+disp(E,"Fermi level energy with respect to intrinsic level energy (in electron volt)=")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH3/EX3.6/eg3_6.sce b/296/CH3/EX3.6/eg3_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..071e10a6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH3/EX3.6/eg3_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+m = 9.11*10^-31; //mass of electron

+ml = 0.98*m;

+mt = 0.19*m;

+mninverse = (1/3) * ((1/ml)+(2/mt));

+mn = 1/mninverse; 

+mn0 = mn/m;

+disp(mn0,"Conductivity effective mass in proportion to mass of an electron =")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH3/EX3.7/eg3_7.sce b/296/CH3/EX3.7/eg3_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ae5719c89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH3/EX3.7/eg3_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+un= 700;

+q = 1.6*10^-19;

+n0 = 10^17;

+L = 0.1;

+A = 10^-6;

+V = 10;

+sigma = q*un*n0;

+rho = 1/sigma;

+R = rho*L/A;

+I = V/R;

+disp(sigma,"Conductivity (in per ohm-cm)=")

+disp(rho,"resistivity (in ohm-cm)=")

+disp(R,"resistance (in ohm)=")

+disp(I,"current (in ampere)=")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH3/EX3.8/eg3_8.sce b/296/CH3/EX3.8/eg3_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..531daf87b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH3/EX3.8/eg3_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+w = 0.01;

+w1 = w*10^-3

+t = 10^-3;

+L = 0.5;

+B = 10*10^-5; 

+I = 10^-3;

+Vab = -2 *10^-3;

+Vcd = 0.1; 

+q = 1.6*10^-19;

+q1 = q*10^-3

+n0 = I*B/(q1*-Vab);

+rho = (Vcd/I)/(L/w1);

+u = 1/(rho*q*n0);

+disp(n0,"electron concentration (in per cubic centimeter)=")

+disp(rho,"resisitivity (in ohm-cm)=")

+disp(u,"mobility (in square cm per volt-sec)=")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH4/EX4.1/eg4_1.sce b/296/CH4/EX4.1/eg4_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..526991062
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH4/EX4.1/eg4_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+t = 0.46 *10^-4;

+hv = 2;

+alpha = 5*10^4;

+I0 = 10^-2;

+It = I0*exp(-alpha*t);

+Pabs = I0 - It;

+f = (2-1.43)/2;

+P = f*Pabs;

+n = Pabs/(1.6*10^-19*hv);

+disp(Pabs,"total energy absorbed per second (in watt)=")

+disp(P,"amount of energy converted to heat per second (in watt)=")

+disp(n,"number of photons per second given off form recombination events =")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH4/EX4.2/eg4_2.png b/296/CH4/EX4.2/eg4_2.png
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6168978d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH4/EX4.2/eg4_2.png
diff --git a/296/CH4/EX4.2/eg4_2.sce b/296/CH4/EX4.2/eg4_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b38f9f8cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH4/EX4.2/eg4_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+p0 = 10^15;

+ni = 10^6;

+n0 = ni^2/p0;

+disp(n0,"Minority electron concentration (in per cubic centimeter)=" )

+dn = 10^14;

+dp = 10^14;

+tn = 10; //in nanoseconds

+tp = tn;

+t = 0:10:50;

+del_n = dn*exp(-t/tn);

+del_p = dp*exp(-t/tp);

+p = p0 + del_p;

+n = del_n; //since n0 is negligible

+subplot(121);

+plot(t,log(p));

+plot(t,log(n));

+subplot(122);

+plot(t,p);

+plot(t,n);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH4/EX4.2/eg4_2_log.png b/296/CH4/EX4.2/eg4_2_log.png
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..cf47561e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH4/EX4.2/eg4_2_log.png
diff --git a/296/CH4/EX4.3/eg4_3.sce b/296/CH4/EX4.3/eg4_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9da55f89b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH4/EX4.3/eg4_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+n0 = 10^14;

+ni = 1.5*10^10;

+Tn = 2 *10^-6;

+Tp = 2 *10^-6;

+p = 2*10^13;

+p0 = ni^2/n0;

+disp(p0,"hole concentration (per cubic centimeter)=")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH4/EX4.4/eg4_4.sce b/296/CH4/EX4.4/eg4_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1bb8d4982
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH4/EX4.4/eg4_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+n0 = 10^14;

+dn = 2*10^13;

+n = n0+dn;

+kT = 0.0259;

+ni = 1.5*10^10;

+Ei = kT*log(n0/ni);

+Fn = Ei + kT*log(n/ni);

+E = Fn-Ei;

+disp(n,"steady state electron concentration=")

+disp(Ei,"equilibrium Fermi level (in eV)=")

+disp(E,"electron quasi Fermi level position(in eV)=")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH4/EX4.5/eg4_5.sce b/296/CH4/EX4.5/eg4_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6fcf32355
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH4/EX4.5/eg4_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+A = 0.5;

+Na = 10^17;

+p0 = Na;

+ni = 1.5*10^10;

+dp = 5*10^16;

+x = 10^-5;

+up = 500;

+Tp = 10^-10;

+kT = 0.0259;

+q0 = 1;

+q = 1.6*10^-19;

+Dp = kT*up/q0;

+Lp = sqrt(Dp*Tp);

+p = p0 + dp*exp(-x/Lp);

+E = kT*log(p/ni);

+E0 = 1.1/2 + E;

+Ip = q*A*Dp*dp*exp(-x/Lp)/Lp;

+Qp = q*A*dp*Lp;

+Qp0 = Qp*10^6;

+disp(E0,"steady state separation between Fp and Ec (in eV)=")

+disp(Ip,"hole current (in ampere)=")

+disp(Qp,"excess stored hole charge (in coulomb)=")

+disp(Qp0,"excess stored hole charge (in micro-coulomb)=")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH4/EX4.6/eg4_6.sce b/296/CH4/EX4.6/eg4_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0ee3d1c66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH4/EX4.6/eg4_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+l = 1;

+d = 0.95;

+E0 = 2;

+t = 0.25*10^-3;

+dt = 117*10^-6;

+up = (d/t)/(E0/l);

+Dp = dt^2*d^2/(16*t^3);

+C = Dp/up;

+kT = 0.0259;

+disp(up,"hole mobility (in square cm per Volt-second)=")

+disp(Dp,"diffusion coefficient (in square cm per second)=")

+disp(C,"Diffisuion coefficient/Hole mobility (in volts) = ")

+disp("Verified according to Einstein Relation")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH5/EX5.1/eg5_1.sce b/296/CH5/EX5.1/eg5_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..44ad3afda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH5/EX5.1/eg5_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Na = 10^18;

+Nd = 5*10^15;

+ni = 1.5*10^10;

+kT = 0.0259;

+E1 = kT*log(Na/ni);

+E2 = kT*log(Nd/ni);

+qV1 = E1+E2;

+qV2 = kT*log(Na*Nd/ni^2);

+disp(E1,"Fermi level position in p region (in eV)=")

+disp(E2,"Fermi level position in n region (in eV)=")

+disp(qV1,"Contact potential (in eV)=")

+disp(qV2,"Contact potential (in eV)=")

+disp("Contact potential value verified")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH5/EX5.2/eg5_2.sce b/296/CH5/EX5.2/eg5_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c00ad2d16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH5/EX5.2/eg5_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+Na = 10^18;

+Nd = 5*10^15;

+ni = 1.5*10^10;

+kT = 0.0259;

+epsilon0 = 8.85*10^-14;

+epsilon = 11.8;

+q = 1.6*10^-19;

+E1 = kT*log(Na/ni);

+E2 = kT*log(Nd/ni);

+qV1 = E1+E2;

+qV2 = kT*log(Na*Nd/ni^2);

+d = 10*10^-4; //in centimetre

+A = %pi*d^2/4;

+W = sqrt(2*epsilon*epsilon0*qV1/q *(Na^-1 + Nd^-1));

+xn0 = W/(1+(Nd/Na));

+xp0 = W/(1+(Na/Nd)); 

+Q = q*A*xn0*Nd;

+E0 = -q*xn0*Nd/(epsilon*epsilon0);

+disp(W*10^4,"width of the transition region(in micron)=")

+disp(xn0*10^4,"penetration of the space charge region into the n material (in micron)=")

+disp(xp0*10^4,"penetration of the space charge region into the p material (in micron)=")

+disp(Q,"total uncompensated charge (in coulomb)=")

+disp(E0,"maximum electric field(in V per cm)=")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH5/EX5.4/eg5_4.sce b/296/CH5/EX5.4/eg5_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..7de5a544e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH5/EX5.4/eg5_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+A = 10^-4;

+kT = 0.0259;

+ni = 1.5*10^10;

+q = 1.6*10^-19;

+q0 = 1;

+Na = 10^17;

+Nd = 10^15;

+Tn = 10^-7;

+Tp = 10^-5;

+upp = 200;

+unn = 1300;

+unp = 700;

+upn = 450;

+V1 = 0.5;

+V2 = -0.5;

+pn =  ni^2/Nd;

+np = ni^2/Na;

+Dp = kT*upn/q0;

+Dn = kT*unp/q0;

+Lp = sqrt(Dp*Tp);

+Ln = sqrt(Dn*Tn);

+I1 = q*A*((Dp*pn/Lp)+(Dn*np/Ln))*(exp(q0*V1/kT)-1);

+I2 = -q*A*((Dp*pn/Lp)+(Dn*np/Ln));

+disp(pn,"hole concentration (per cubic centmeter)=")

+disp(np,"electron concentration (per cubic centmeter)=")

+disp(Dp,"diffusion coefficient on n side(in square centimter per second)=")

+disp(Dn,"diffusion coefficient on p side(in square centimter per second)=")

+disp(I1*10^6,"current at forward bias (in microampere)=")

+disp(I2*10^6,"current at reverse bias (in microampere)=")

diff --git a/296/CH5/EX5.6/eg5_6.sce b/296/CH5/EX5.6/eg5_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..19db12109
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH5/EX5.6/eg5_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+A = 10^-4;

+kT = 0.0259;

+ni = 1.5*10^10;

+q = 1.6*10^-19;

+Na = 10^17;

+Nd = 10^15;

+epsilon0 = 8.85*10^-14;

+epsilon = 11.8;

+E1 = kT*log(Na/ni);

+E2 = kT*log(Nd/ni);

+V0 = E1+E2;

+V = -4;

+Cj = sqrt(epsilon*epsilon0)*A*sqrt(q*Nd*Na/(2*(V0-V)*(Na+Nd)));

+disp(V0,"V0 (in volt)=")

+disp(Cj,"total depletion constant (in farad)=")

diff --git a/296/CH5/EX5.7/eg5_7.sce b/296/CH5/EX5.7/eg5_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..7c7c528a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH5/EX5.7/eg5_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+dEtg = 1.85;

+band_gap = 1.43; //for GaAs-AlGaAs system

+dEg = dEtg - band_gap;

+dEc = dEg*2/3;

+dEv = dEg/3;

+disp(dEc, "Conduction band offset(in eV) =")

+disp(dEv, "Valence band offset(in eV) =")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH6/EX6.1/eg6_1.sce b/296/CH6/EX6.1/eg6_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..737e5c9d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH6/EX6.1/eg6_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+kT = 0.0259;

+ni = 1.5*10^10;

+q = 1.6*10^-19;

+q0 = 1;

+epsilon0 = 8.85*10^-14;

+epsilon = 11.8;

+epsiloni = 3.9;

+Na = 5*10^15;

+d = 10^-6;

+Qi = 4*10^10*q;

+Vf = kT*log(Na/ni)/q0;

+Wm = 2*sqrt(epsilon*epsilon0*Vf/(q*Na));

+Vms = -0.95;

+Ci = epsiloni*epsilon0/d;

+Vfb = Vms -(Qi/Ci);

+Qd = -q*Na*Wm;

+Vt = Vfb-Qd/Ci+2*Vf;

+Cd = epsilon*epsilon0/Wm;

+Cmin = Ci*Cd/(Ci+Cd);

+disp(Vf,"Phi(F) (in eV)=")

+disp(Wm*10^4,"W(m) (in micron)=")

+disp(Qi,"effective interface charge (in coulomb per square cm)=")

+disp(Ci*10^6,"C(i) (in microfarad per square cm)=")

+disp(Vfb,"V(fb)(in V)=")

+disp(Qd,"Q(d)(in coulomb per square cm)=")

+disp(Vt,"V(T) (in V)=")

+disp(Cd*10^6,"C(d) (in microfarad per square cm)=")

+disp(Cmin,"C(min) (in farad per square cm)=")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH6/EX6.2/eg6_2.sce b/296/CH6/EX6.2/eg6_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..2011d528a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH6/EX6.2/eg6_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+kT = 0.0259;

+ni = 1.5*10^10;

+q = 1.6*10^-19;

+q0 = 1;

+epsilon0 = 8.85*10^-14;

+epsilon = 11.8;

+epsiloni = 3.9;

+Na = 5*10^15;

+d = 10^-6;

+Vt = 0.6;

+Z = 25*10^-4;

+L = 10^-4;

+Vg1 = 5;

+Vd1 = 0.1;

+Vg2=3;

+Vd2=5;

+Vdsat = Vg2-Vt;

+Vd3=7;

+un = 200;

+Ci = epsiloni*epsilon0/d;

+Id1 = (Z*un*Ci/L)*((Vg1-Vt)*Vd1-0.5*Vd1^2); //linear region

+Id2 = (Z*un*Ci/L)*((Vg2-Vt)*Vdsat-0.5*Vdsat^2); //saturation region

+disp(Ci*10^6,"C(i) (in microfarad per square cm)=")

+disp(Id1*10^3,"For V(G)=5V and V(D)=0.1V, we are in the linear region and drain current (in miliampere)=")

+disp(Id2*10^3,"For V(G)=3V and V(D)=5V, we are in the saturation region and drain current (in miliampere)=")

+disp("For VD = 7 V, ID will not increase, because we are in the saturation region.")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH6/EX6.3/eg6_3.sce b/296/CH6/EX6.3/eg6_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..39bf50c06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH6/EX6.3/eg6_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+q = 1.6*10^-19;

+q0 = 1;

+epsilon0 = 8.85*10^-14;

+epsilon = 11.8;

+epsiloni = 3.9;

+d = 10^-6;

+Vt1 = -1.1;

+Vt2 = -0.5;

+I = 10^-5;

+A = 650;

+Ci = epsiloni*epsilon0/d;

+Fb = (Vt2-Vt1)*Ci/q;

+t = Fb*q*A/I;

+disp(Ci*10^6,"C(i) (in microfarad per square cm)=")

+disp(Fb,"boron ion dose required (in per square cm)=")

+disp(t,"implant time (in second)=")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH7/EX7.1/eg7_1.sce b/296/CH7/EX7.1/eg7_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c9693895d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH7/EX7.1/eg7_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+tp = 10^-5;

+ts = 10^-7;

+ib = 10^-4;

+ic = 10^-2;

+Qn = ic*ts;

+Qp = ib*tp;

+disp(Qp,"steady state charge due to excess holes (in coulomb)=")

+disp(Qn,"steady state charge due to excess electrons (in coulomb)=")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH7/EX7.4/eg7_4.sce b/296/CH7/EX7.4/eg7_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ed9a96dca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH7/EX7.4/eg7_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+A=10^-4;

+q = 1.6*10^-19;

+kT = 0.0259;

+Wb = 10^-4;

+ni = 1.5*10^10;

+Na = 10^17;

+Tn = 10^-7;

+upe=200;

+une=700;

+Nd = 10^15;

+Tp=10^-5;

+unb=1300;

+upb=450;

+Veb = 0.3;

+Vcb = -40;

+pn = ni^2/Nd;

+Dp = upb*kT;

+Lp = sqrt(Dp*Tp);

+Ies = q*A*Dp*pn/Lp*(csch(Wb/Lp)+tanh(Wb/Lp));

+dpe = pn*exp(Veb/kT);

+Ib = q*A*Dp*dpe/Lp*tanh(Wb/2*Lp);

+Ib1 = q*A*Wb*dpe/(2*Tp);

+Dn = kT*une;

+Ln = sqrt(Dn*Tn);

+gamma1 = (1+((Dn*Lp*Nd)/(Dp*Ln*Na))*tanh(Wb/Lp))^-1;

+B = sech(Wb/Lp);

+alpha = B*gamma1;

+beta1 = alpha/(1-alpha);

+disp(pn,"hole concentration (in per cubic centimeter)=")

+disp(Dp,"Dp (in sqaure centimeter per second)=")

+disp(Lp*10,"Lp(in micrometer) =")

+disp(dpe,"dp(E)(in per cubic centimeter) =")

+disp(Ies,"I(ES) (in ampere)=")

+disp(Ib1,"I(B) (in ampere)=")

+disp(Dn,"Dn (in sqaure centimeter per second)=")

+disp(Ln*10,"Ln (in micrometer)=")

+disp(gamma1,"gamma =")

+disp(B,"B =")

+disp(alpha,"alpha =")

+disp(beta1,"beta =")

diff --git a/296/CH8/EX8.2/eg8_2.sce b/296/CH8/EX8.2/eg8_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b2f66d2e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH8/EX8.2/eg8_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Isc=100;

+Voc=0.8;

+ff = 0.7;

+Pmax = ff*Isc*Voc;

+disp(Pmax,"maximum power delivered(in miliwatt)=")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/296/CH8/EX8.3/eg8_3.sce b/296/CH8/EX8.3/eg8_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a54e81295
--- /dev/null
+++ b/296/CH8/EX8.3/eg8_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+wavelength = 0.68;

+Eg = 1.24/wavelength;

+disp(Eg,"band gap (in eV)=")

+disp("From Fig, 3-6, we get Al(0.32)Ga(0.68)As. From Fig. 8-11, we get GaAs(0.68)P(0.32)")
\ No newline at end of file