initial commit / add all books

15 files changed, 293 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/275/CH4/EX4.4.18/Ch4_4_18.sce b/275/CH4/EX4.4.18/Ch4_4_18.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a8bced337
--- /dev/null
+++ b/275/CH4/EX4.4.18/Ch4_4_18.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+clc

+disp("Example 4.18")

+printf("\n")

+disp("Calculate input voltage that turns SCR ON, & find supply voltage that turns SCR OFF if holding current is 10mA")

+printf("Given\n")

+printf("Resistance are in ohms \nCurrent are in Ampere \n Voltage sources are in volt\n")

+//gate trigger voltage

+Vgt=0.75

+//trigger current

+Igt=5*10^-3

+//gate resistance

+Rg=1000

+//load resistance

+RL=100

+//diode forward voltage

+Vf=0.7

+//holding current

+Ih=10*10^-3

+//minimum input voltage to trigger the SCR is

+Vin=Vgt+(Igt*Rg)

+//The supply voltage that turns OFF the SCR is

+VCC=Vf+(Ih*RL)

+printf("minimum input voltage to trigger the SCR is %f volt \n",Vin)

+printf("The supply voltage that turns OFF the SCR is %f volt \n",VCC)

diff --git a/275/CH4/EX4.4.28/Ch4_4_28.sce b/275/CH4/EX4.4.28/Ch4_4_28.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..538640f33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/275/CH4/EX4.4.28/Ch4_4_28.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+clc

+disp("Example 4.28")

+printf("\n")

+disp("Calculate suitable values of R1,Rp,R2 for SCR in circuit Fig 4.12")

+printf("Given\n")

+printf("Resistance are in ohms \nCurrent are in Ampere \n Voltage sources are in volt\n")

+//gate current

+Ig=250*10^-6

+//gate trigger voltage

+Vgt=0.75

+Vd=0.7

+//supply voltage

+Vs=40

+//peak value of supply voltage

+Vm=sqrt(2)*Vs

+//supply voltage at angle 10deg

+Vs1=Vm*sin(10*%pi/180)

+//supply voltage at angle 90deg

+Vs2=Vm*sin(90*%pi/180)

+Vt=Vd+Vgt

+//to trigger SCR at 10deg moving contact of Rp is at top

+//from circuit

+VR1=Vs1-Vt

+//choose I1min>>Ig

+I1min=1.5*10^-3

+R1=VR1/I1min

+//since Ig<<I1min, current through Rp & R2 is I1min

+RpPLUSR2=Vt/I1min

+//to trigger SCR at 90deg moving contact of Rp is at bottom

+VR2=Vt

+I1=Vs2/(R1+RpPLUSR2)

+R2=Vt/I1

+Rp=RpPLUSR2-R2

+printf("Resistance R1 is %f ohm \n",R1)

+printf("Resistance R2 is %f ohm \n",R2)

+printf("Resistance Rp is %f ohm \n",Rp)

+

+

diff --git a/275/CH4/EX4.4.29/Ch4_4_29.sce b/275/CH4/EX4.4.29/Ch4_4_29.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d961ab69f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/275/CH4/EX4.4.29/Ch4_4_29.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+clc

+disp("Example 4.29")

+printf("\n")

+disp("Calculate suitable values of R1,Rp,R2 for SCR in circuit Fig 4.12")

+printf("Given\n")

+printf("Resistance are in ohms \nCurrent are in Ampere \n Voltage sources are in volt\n")

+//gate current

+Ig=600*10^-6

+//gate trigger voltage

+Vg=0.7

+Vd=0.7

+//supply voltage

+Vs=230

+//peak value of supply voltage

+Vm=sqrt(2)*Vs

+//supply voltage at angle 8deg

+Vs1=Vm*sin(8*%pi/180)

+//supply voltage at angle 90deg

+Vs2=Vm*sin(90*%pi/180)

+//to trigger SCR at 10deg moving contact of Rp is at top

+//from circuit

+VR1=Vs1-Vg

+//choose I1min>>Ig

+I1min=6*10^-3

+R1=VR1/I1min

+//since Ig<<I1min, current through Rp & R2 is I1min

+RpPLUSR2=Vg/I1min

+//to trigger SCR at 90deg moving contact of Rp is at bottom

+VR2=Vt

+I1=Vs2/(R1+RpPLUSR2)

+R2=Vg/I1

+Rp=RpPLUSR2-R2

+printf("Resistance R1 is %f ohm \n",R1)

+printf("Resistance R2 is %f ohm \n",R2)

+printf("Resistance Rp is %f ohm \n",Rp)

diff --git a/275/CH4/EX4.4.40/Ch4_4_40.sce b/275/CH4/EX4.4.40/Ch4_4_40.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b86b1cae1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/275/CH4/EX4.4.40/Ch4_4_40.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+clc

+disp("Example 4.40")

+printf("\n")

+disp("Design the SCR crowbar circuit to protect the load from voltage levels greater than 12V")

+printf("Given\n")

+//gate trigger voltage

+Vgt=0.75

+//load voltage maximum

+VLmax=12

+//Zener voltage is

+Vz=VLmax-Vgt

+//assume zener current(mini) as

+Izmin=10^-3

+R=Vgt/Izmin

+printf("zener voltage \n%f volt\n",Vz)

+printf("Resistance \n%f ohm\n",R)

diff --git a/275/CH4/EX4.4.41/Ch4_4_41.sce b/275/CH4/EX4.4.41/Ch4_4_41.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6032f4100
--- /dev/null
+++ b/275/CH4/EX4.4.41/Ch4_4_41.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+clc

+disp("Example 4.41")

+printf("\n")

+disp("Design the SCR crowbar circuit to protect the load from voltage levels greater than 7.5V")

+printf("Given\n")

+//gate trigger voltage

+Vgt=0.7

+//load voltage maximum

+VLmax=7.5

+//Zener voltage is

+Vz=VLmax-Vgt

+//assume zener current(mini) as

+Izmin=10^-3

+R=Vgt/Izmin

+printf("zener voltage \n%f volt\n",Vz)

+printf("Resistance \n%f ohm\n",R)

diff --git a/275/CH4/EX4.4.49/Ch4_4_49.sce b/275/CH4/EX4.4.49/Ch4_4_49.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ad4489e25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/275/CH4/EX4.4.49/Ch4_4_49.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+clc

+disp("Example 4.49")

+printf("\n")

+disp("Determine the minimum & maximum triggering voltage for a UJT")

+printf("Given\n")

+Vbb=20

+//intrinsic ratios

+nmin=0.6

+nmax=0.8

+V=0.7

+//minimum triggering voltage is

+Vpmini=nmin*Vbb+Vd

+//maximum triggering voltage is

+Vpmax=nmax*Vbb+Vd

+printf("Minimum triggering Voltage \n%f volt\n",Vpmini)

+printf("Maximum triggering Voltage \n%f volt\n",Vpmax)

diff --git a/275/CH4/EX4.4.51/Ch4_4_51.sce b/275/CH4/EX4.4.51/Ch4_4_51.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3e1cc6d7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/275/CH4/EX4.4.51/Ch4_4_51.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+clc

+disp("Example 4.51")

+printf("\n")

+disp("Calculate minimum & maximum values of Re for the relaxation oscillator & also find maximum oscillating frequency")

+printf("Given\n")

+Vbb=15

+//the parameters of UJT

+Ip=10^-6

+Iv=2.5*10^-3

+Vv=2.5

+n=0.7

+PRe=20*10^3

+C=10^-6

+Vp=12

+Vd=0.7

+Vp1=(n*Vbb)+Vd

+//minimum Re

+Remin=(Vbb-Vv)/Iv

+//maximum Re

+Remax=(Vbb-Vp1)/Ip

+//to find maximum oscillating frequency

+T=PRe*C*log((Vbb-Vv)/(Vbb-Vp))

+f=1/T

+printf("maximum Re \n%f ohm\n",Remax)

+printf("minimum Re \n%f ohm\n",Remin)

+printf("maximum oscillating frequency \n%f hz \n",f)

diff --git a/275/CH4/EX4.4.52/Ch4_4_52.sce b/275/CH4/EX4.4.52/Ch4_4_52.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ce8e1966e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/275/CH4/EX4.4.52/Ch4_4_52.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+clc

+disp("Example 4.52")

+printf("\n")

+disp("Determine the minimum & maximum values of VEB1 for a UJT")

+printf("Given\n")

+Vbb=15

+//intrinsic ratios

+nmin=0.68

+nmax=0.82

+V=0.7

+//mini triggering voltage is

+Vpmini=nmin*Vbb+Vd

+//max triggering voltage is

+Vpmax=nmax*Vbb+Vd

+printf("minimum triggering voltage \n%f volt\n",Vpmini)

+printf("maximum triggering voltage \n%f volt\n",Vpmax)

diff --git a/275/CH4/EX4.4.53/Ch4_4_53.sce b/275/CH4/EX4.4.53/Ch4_4_53.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..651a8f419
--- /dev/null
+++ b/275/CH4/EX4.4.53/Ch4_4_53.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+clc

+disp("Example 4.53")

+printf("\n")

+disp("find maximum oscillating frequency")

+Vbb=20

+//the parameters of UJT

+Ip=10^-6

+Iv=10*10^-3

+Vv=3.5

+n=0.75

+PRe=4.7*10^3

+C=0.5*10^-6

+Vd=0.7

+Vp1=(n*Vbb)+Vd

+//to find maximum oscillating frequency

+T=PRe*C*log((Vbb-Vv)/(Vbb-Vp1))

+f=1/T

+printf("Oscillator frequency \n%f hz\n",f)

diff --git a/275/CH4/EX4.4.74/Ch4_4_74.sce b/275/CH4/EX4.4.74/Ch4_4_74.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1cc566fe6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/275/CH4/EX4.4.74/Ch4_4_74.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+clc

+disp("Example 4.74")

+printf("\n")

+disp("plot the drain characteristics of JFET")

+//given

+Vds=[0 1 2 2.5 3 4 6 8]

+Id=[0 2 4.5 5.3 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5]

+plot2d(Vds,Id)

+xlabel("Vds(V)")

+ylabel("Id(mA)")

+xtitle("Plot of Vds V/s Id")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/275/CH4/EX4.4.74/Ch4_74.png b/275/CH4/EX4.4.74/Ch4_74.png
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d70c5f67b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/275/CH4/EX4.4.74/Ch4_74.png
diff --git a/275/CH4/EX4.4.77/Ch4_4_77.sce b/275/CH4/EX4.4.77/Ch4_4_77.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8ab28c5e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/275/CH4/EX4.4.77/Ch4_4_77.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+clc

+disp("Example 4.77")

+printf("\n")

+disp("calculate Vds at these gate_source voltages & circuit voltage gain of JFET")

+printf("Given\n")

+//drain current

+Id=9*10^-3

+//gate to source voltage

+Vgs=(-2)

+//when Vgs is reduced to -1V then Id is 12mA

+Vgs1=-1

+Id1=12*10^-3

+//from circuit (fig 4.49)

+Rd=1.5*10^3

+Vdd=20

+//to find Vds

+//when Vgs=-2

+Vds=Vdd-(Id*Rd)

+//when Vgs=-1

+Vds1=Vdd-(Id1*Rd)

+//change in input voltage Vgs is

+delVi=Vgs1-Vgs

+//change in output voltage is

+delVo=Vds-Vds1

+//Voltage gain 

+Av=delVo/delVi

+printf("The value of Vds at gate-source voltages is \n%f volt\n",Vds)

+printf("The circuit voltage gain \n%f\n",Av)

diff --git a/275/CH4/EX4.4.78/Ch4_4_78.sce b/275/CH4/EX4.4.78/Ch4_4_78.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..11ca90ec5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/275/CH4/EX4.4.78/Ch4_4_78.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+clc

+disp("Example 4.78")

+printf("\n")

+disp("calculate the minimum & maximum variation in the drain source voltage Vds produced by a change of 0.1V & circuit voltage gain of JFET")

+printf("Given\n")

+//transconductance

+gmmax=5000*10^-6

+gmmin=1500*10^-6

+//change in gate to source voltage

+delVgs=0.1

+Rd=1.5*10^3

+//the maximum change in drain current

+delIdmax=gmmax*delVgs

+delVdsmax=delIdmax*Rd

+//voltage gain

+Av1=delVdsmax/delVgs

+//the minimum change in drain current

+delIdmin=gmmin*delVgs

+delVdsmin=delIdmin*Rd

+//voltage gain

+Av2=delVdsmin/delVgs

+printf("maximum change in drain voltage is %f volt\n",delVdsmax)

+printf("maximum voltage gain %f \n",Av1)

+printf("minimum change in drain voltage is %f volt\n",delVdsmin)

+printf("minimum voltage gain %f \n",Av2)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/275/CH4/EX4.4.79/Ch4_4_79.sce b/275/CH4/EX4.4.79/Ch4_4_79.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..67ad10588
--- /dev/null
+++ b/275/CH4/EX4.4.79/Ch4_4_79.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+clc

+disp("Example 4.79")

+printf("\n")

+disp("calculate transconductance of JFET")

+printf("Given\n")

+//voltage gain 

+Av=20

+//drain resistance

+Rd=3.3*10^3

+//transconductance

+gm=Av/Rd

+printf("Transconductance of JFET \n%f (1/ohm)\n",gm)

diff --git a/275/CH4/EX4.4.80/Ch4_4_80.sce b/275/CH4/EX4.4.80/Ch4_4_80.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1525c9ab2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/275/CH4/EX4.4.80/Ch4_4_80.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+clc

+disp("Example 4.80")

+printf("\n")

+disp("determine the suitable value of load resistor Rd of JFET")

+printf("Given\n")

+//voltage gain

+Av=10

+//transconductance

+gm=4500*10^-6

+//load resistance

+Rd=Av/gm

+printf("load resistance \n%f ohm \n",Rd)