initial commit / add all books

19 files changed, 238 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/2708/CH2/EX1.2/ex_2_2.sce b/2708/CH2/EX1.2/ex_2_2.sce
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index 000000000..660e22846
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2708/CH2/EX1.2/ex_2_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//Example 2.2 // Wavelength of light

+clc;

+clear;

+//given data :

+a=.2D-3;//slit width in m

+D=2;// screen is placed at distance in m

+x=5D-3;// first minima lies at distance to central maxima

+w=(a*x)/D;// wavelength of light in m

+w=w*1D10;// to convert in A

+disp(w,"wavelength of light used in A")

+

+

diff --git a/2708/CH2/EX2.1/ex_2_1.sce b/2708/CH2/EX2.1/ex_2_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..2d928a8e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2708/CH2/EX2.1/ex_2_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+//Example 2.1 // Half angular width of differation pattern

+clc;

+clear;

+//given data :

+w=6D-7;// wavelength of monochromatic light in m

+a=12D-7;// slit width in m

+theta=asin(w/a);//half angular width of central bright maxima

+theta=theta*180/%pi;// to convert in degree

+disp(theta,"Half angular width of central bright maxima in degree")

diff --git a/2708/CH2/EX2.10/ex_2_10.sce b/2708/CH2/EX2.10/ex_2_10.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..661a84cc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2708/CH2/EX2.10/ex_2_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+//Example 2.10 //Difference of wavelengths

+clc;

+clear;

+//given data

+d_theta=.01;// change of diffraction angle

+theta=%pi/6;// diffraction angle

+w=5000;// wavelength used in A

+dw=w*d_theta*cotg(theta)//change of wavelength in A

+disp(dw,"difference of wavelength in A")

diff --git a/2708/CH2/EX2.11/ex_2_11.sce b/2708/CH2/EX2.11/ex_2_11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a7122d492
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2708/CH2/EX2.11/ex_2_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+//Example 2.11 // Dispersive power

+clc;

+clear;

+//given data :

+c=1/4000;// grating element

+w=5D-5;// wavelength of light in cm

+n=3;// order of spectrum

+D=n/(c*sqrt(1-((n*w/c)^2)));//dispersive power in radian per cm

+disp(D,"Dispersive power in rad/sec")

+// in book there is calculation mistake

diff --git a/2708/CH2/EX2.12/ex_2_12.sce b/2708/CH2/EX2.12/ex_2_12.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3f41a9c26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2708/CH2/EX2.12/ex_2_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//Example 2.12 //Difference of wavelengths

+clc;

+clear;

+//part a

+l=5;// length of grating

+N=16000;// no. of lines per inch on the grating

+w=6000;// wavelength used in A

+n=2;// order of specrum

+T=N*l;//total no. of lines on grating

+R=T*n;// resolving power

+disp(R,"resolving power..")

+//part b

+dw=w/(T*n);// wavelength can be resolved in A

+disp(dw,"wavelength can be resolved in A")

diff --git a/2708/CH2/EX2.13/ex_2_14.sce b/2708/CH2/EX2.13/ex_2_14.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..22d6f0f5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2708/CH2/EX2.13/ex_2_14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//Example 2.14 //Resolving power

+clc;

+clear;

+//given data

+c=12.5D-5;// grating element in cm

+w=5D-5;// wavelength used in cm

+N=40000;//no. of lines on grating

+n=c/w;// order for maximum resolving power

+n=floor(n);//n should be integer

+P=n*N;// maximum resolving power

+disp(P,"Resolving power ")

diff --git a/2708/CH2/EX2.14/ex_2_14.sce b/2708/CH2/EX2.14/ex_2_14.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..22d6f0f5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2708/CH2/EX2.14/ex_2_14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//Example 2.14 //Resolving power

+clc;

+clear;

+//given data

+c=12.5D-5;// grating element in cm

+w=5D-5;// wavelength used in cm

+N=40000;//no. of lines on grating

+n=c/w;// order for maximum resolving power

+n=floor(n);//n should be integer

+P=n*N;// maximum resolving power

+disp(P,"Resolving power ")

diff --git a/2708/CH2/EX2.15/ex_2_15.sce b/2708/CH2/EX2.15/ex_2_15.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e09a3f468
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2708/CH2/EX2.15/ex_2_15.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+//Example 2.14 //Radius of half period element

+clc;

+clear;

+//given data

+f=50;//focal length of convex lens in cm

+w=5D-5;// wavelength used in cm

+n=1;// order of principal maxima

+r=sqrt(n*f*w);// radius of half period element

+disp(r,"Radius of half period element in cm")

diff --git a/2708/CH2/EX2.16/ex_2_16.sce b/2708/CH2/EX2.16/ex_2_16.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0f8c9b6ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2708/CH2/EX2.16/ex_2_16.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+//Example 2.16 //position of brightest spot

+clc;

+clear;

+//given data

+d=.2;// diameter of ring 

+n=1;//order of ring 

+w=5D-5;//wavelength used in cm

+r=d/2;// radius of ring

+f=(r^2)/(w*n);//position of brightest spot 

+disp(f,"position of brightest spot in cm")

diff --git a/2708/CH2/EX2.17/ex_2_17.sce b/2708/CH2/EX2.17/ex_2_17.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..23ea7547f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2708/CH2/EX2.17/ex_2_17.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//Example 2.17 //radii of transparent zone

+clc;

+clear;

+//given data

+f=1;//focal length in m

+n=1;//order of zone

+w=5893D-10;// wavelength used in m

+r=sqrt(n*f*w);//radius of transparent zone

+disp(r,"radius of tranparent in m")

+n=3;//next order

+r=sqrt(n*f*w);//radius of transparent zone

+disp(r,"radius of tranparent in m")

+n=5;//next order

+r=sqrt(n*f*w);//radius of transparent zone

+disp(r,"radius of tranparent in m")

diff --git a/2708/CH2/EX2.18/ex_2_18.sce b/2708/CH2/EX2.18/ex_2_18.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8c4426562
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2708/CH2/EX2.18/ex_2_18.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+//Example 2.18 // focal length of zone plate

+clc;

+clear;

+//given data :

+r=200;// radius of curvature in cm

+f=r;//principal focal length in cm

+disp(f,"principal focal length in cm") 

diff --git a/2708/CH2/EX2.19/ex_2_19.sce b/2708/CH2/EX2.19/ex_2_19.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..017e567a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2708/CH2/EX2.19/ex_2_19.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+//Example 2.19 //Angular sepration

+clc;

+clear;

+//given data

+n=1;// order of spectrum

+wi=.5;// width of grating in cm

+N=2500;//total no. of lines 

+c=wi/N;//grating element

+w1=589D-7;// first wavelength of sodium in cm

+//part a

+theta1=asin(n*w1/c)//angular width in radian

+theta1=theta1*180/%pi;//angular width in degree

+disp(theta1,"angular width in degree")

+w2=5896D-8;//second wavelength of sodium in cm

+//part b

+theta2=asin(n*w2/c)//angular width in radian

+theta2=theta2*180/%pi;//angular width in degree

+disp(theta2,"angular width in degree")

+theta=theta2-theta1;//angular sepration degree

+disp(theta,"angular sepration in degree")

+w=(w1+w2)/2;//mid wavelength

+dw=6D-8;// change of wavelength in cm

+n=1;//order of spectrum

+N=w/(n*dw);//no. of lines will appear

+N=floor(N);// N should be integer

+if(1/c>N)

+    disp(N,"No. of lines will appear")

+else

+    disp("they can not be seen differently ")

+end

diff --git a/2708/CH2/EX2.3/ex_2_3.sce b/2708/CH2/EX2.3/ex_2_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3ff619105
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2708/CH2/EX2.3/ex_2_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+//Example 2.3 // slit width

+clc;

+clear;

+//given data :

+w=6D-7;// wavelength of light used in m

+D=2;// screen is placed at distance in m

+x=5D-3;// first minima lies at distance to central maxima

+a=(w*D)/x;//slit width in m

+disp(a,"slit width in m")

diff --git a/2708/CH2/EX2.4/ex_2_4.sce b/2708/CH2/EX2.4/ex_2_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6950a3cfc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2708/CH2/EX2.4/ex_2_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//Example 2.4 // Angular width & linear width of central maxima

+clc;

+clear;

+//given data :

+w=589D-9;// wavelength of light used in m

+D=1;// screen is placed at distance in m

+a=.1D-3;//slit width in m

+theta=asin(w/a);//half angular width in radian

+angle=2*theta;// angular width in radian

+disp(angle,"Angular width of central maxima in radian")

+y=D*angle;// linear width of central maxima in m

+y=y*100;// to convert in cm

+disp(y,"linear width of central maxima in cm")

diff --git a/2708/CH2/EX2.5/ex_2_5.sce b/2708/CH2/EX2.5/ex_2_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e8600031a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2708/CH2/EX2.5/ex_2_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+//Example 2.5 // wavelength of light used

+clc;

+clear;

+//given data :

+c=1/5000;// grating element 

+theta=%pi/6;//spectral line deviated 

+n=2;//order of spectral line

+w=(c*sin(theta))/(n);//wavelength in cm

+w=w*1D8;//to convert in A

+disp(w,"wavelength of ligth used in A") 

diff --git a/2708/CH2/EX2.6/ex_2_6.sce b/2708/CH2/EX2.6/ex_2_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..671dea6ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2708/CH2/EX2.6/ex_2_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//Example 2.6 // minimum number of lines in grating

+clc;

+clear;

+//given data :

+w1=589D-9;//wavelength of one sodium line

+w2=5896D-10//wavelength of second line

+dw=w2-w1;//change of wavelength

+w=(w1+w2)/2;// mid wavelength

+n=1;//order of spectrum

+N=w/(n*dw);//number of lines in grating

+N=floor(N);//no. should be integer

+disp(N,"number of lines in grating")

diff --git a/2708/CH2/EX2.7/ex_2_7.sce b/2708/CH2/EX2.7/ex_2_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3de461cf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2708/CH2/EX2.7/ex_2_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//Example 2.7 // order of spectrum

+clc;

+clear;

+//given data :

+w=5D-5;//wavelength of light used in cm

+c=1/5000;//grating element

+n=c/w;//order of spectrum 

+disp(n,"order of spectrum")

diff --git a/2708/CH2/EX2.8/ex_2_8.sce b/2708/CH2/EX2.8/ex_2_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..60ac942c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2708/CH2/EX2.8/ex_2_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+//Example 2.8 //angular separtion

+clc;

+clear;

+//part a

+c=1/5000;//grating element

+w1=5890D-8;// in first case first wavelength used in cm

+n=2;//order of spectrum

+theta=asin((n*w1)/c);//angular separton in radian

+theta=theta*180/%pi;//to convert in degree

+disp(theta,"angular width in degree")

+//part b

+w2=5896D-8;// in second case second wavelength used in cm

+n=2;//order of spectrum

+theta1=asin((n*w2)/c);//angular separton in radian

+theta1=theta1*180/%pi;//to convert in degree

+disp(theta1,"angular width in degree")

+a=theta1-theta;//angular separation in degree

+disp(a,"angular separation in degree")

+//part c

+w=5893D-8;// mid wavelength

+dw=w2-w1;// change in wavelength

+n=2;//order of spectrum

+N=w/(dw*n);//no. of lines in grating

+N=floor(N);//N should be integer

+disp(N,"no. of lines in grating")

+

diff --git a/2708/CH2/EX2.9/ex_2_9.sce b/2708/CH2/EX2.9/ex_2_9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..af57e6c32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2708/CH2/EX2.9/ex_2_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//Example 2.9 //No. of lines in grating

+clc;

+clear;

+//given data

+w1=54D-6;// first wavelength used in cm

+w2=405D-7;// second wavelength used in cm

+//first wavelength  order superimposed on next higher order

+theta=%pi/6;//angle of diffraction in radian

+c=(w1*w2/(w1-w2))/sin(theta);//grating element

+N=1/c;// no. of lines per cm

+N=round(N);// N should be integer

+disp(N,"No. of lines in grating")

+