initial commit / add all books

18 files changed, 457 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/2609/CH9/EX9.10/Ex9_10.sce b/2609/CH9/EX9.10/Ex9_10.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3fac8b246
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2609/CH9/EX9.10/Ex9_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//Ex 9.10

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',5);

+f0=2;//kHz(Critical frequency)

+fH=f0;//kHz

+f_3dB=f0;//kHz

+//For Butterworth filter using sallen key

+alfa=1.414;klp=1;//constant

+Ap=3-alfa;// band pass gain

+RfBYRi=Ap-1;//ratio

+disp("Various design parameters are :-");

+C=0.05;//micro F//Chosen for the design

+disp(C,"Capacitance C(micro F)");

+format('v',4);

+R=1/(2*%pi*fH*10^3*C*10^-6)/1000;//kohm

+disp(R,"Resistance R(kohm)");

+//For offset minimization

+//2*R=Rf||Ri=Rf/(RfBYRi+1)

+Rf=2*R*(RfBYRi+1);//kohm

+disp(Rf,"Resistance Rf(kohm)");

+Ri=Rf/RfBYRi;//kohm

+disp(Ri,"Resistance Ri(kohm)");

+//Answer in the book is not accurate. Some calculation mistake is there while working for offset minimization.

diff --git a/2609/CH9/EX9.11/Ex9_11.sce b/2609/CH9/EX9.11/Ex9_11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5e484d486
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2609/CH9/EX9.11/Ex9_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+//Ex 9.11

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',5);

+f0=2;//kHz(Critical frequency)

+fH=f0;//kHz

+f_3dB=f0;//kHz

+//For Bessel filter of 2nd order

+alfa=1.73;klp=0.785;//constant

+Ap=3-alfa;// band pass gain

+RfBYRi=Ap-1;//ratio

+disp("Various design parameters are :-");

+C=0.05;//micro F//Chosen for the design

+disp(C,"Capacitance C(micro F)");

+format('v',4);

+R=klp/(2*%pi*fH*10^3*C*10^-6)/1000;//kohm

+disp(R,"Resistance R(kohm)");

+//For offset minimization

+//2*R=Rf||Ri=Rf/(RfBYRi+1)

+Rf=2*R*(RfBYRi+1);//kohm

+disp(Rf,"Resistance Rf(kohm)");

+Ri=Rf/RfBYRi;//kohm

+disp(Ri,"Resistance Ri(kohm)");

diff --git a/2609/CH9/EX9.12/Ex9_12.sce b/2609/CH9/EX9.12/Ex9_12.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..67673c461
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2609/CH9/EX9.12/Ex9_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+//Ex 9.12

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',5);

+f0=.12;//kHz(Cutoff frequency)

+fH=f0;//kHz

+//For Butterworth filter of 2nd order

+alfa=1.414;klp=1;//constant

+Ap=3-alfa;// band pass gain

+RfBYRi=Ap-1;//ratio

+disp("Various design parameters are :-");

+C=0.33;//micro F//Chosen for the design choosing between 0.01 & 1 micro F

+disp(C,"Capacitance C(micro F)");

+format('v',4);

+R=klp/(2*%pi*fH*10^3*C*10^-6)/1000;//kohm

+disp(R,"Resistance R(kohm)");

+disp("Use R=3.9 kohm");

+//For offset minimization

+//2*R=Rf||Ri=Rf/(RfBYRi+1)

+Rf=2*R*(RfBYRi+1);//kohm

+disp(Rf,"Resistance Rf(kohm)");

+Ri=Rf/RfBYRi;//kohm

+disp(Ri,"Resistance Ri(kohm)");

diff --git a/2609/CH9/EX9.13/Ex9_13.sce b/2609/CH9/EX9.13/Ex9_13.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..56c25b88d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2609/CH9/EX9.13/Ex9_13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//Ex 9.13

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',5);

+fL=20;//Hz(Cutoff frequency)

+//For Butterworth filter of 2nd order

+alfa=1.414;klp=1;//constant

+Ap=3-alfa;// band pass gain

+RfBYRi=Ap-1;//ratio

+disp("Various design parameters are :-");

+C=0.22;//micro F//Chosen for the design choosing between 0.01 & 1 micro F

+disp(C,"Capacitance C(micro F)");

+format('v',4);

+R=klp/(2*%pi*fL*C*10^-6)/1000;//kohm

+disp(R,"Resistance R(kohm)");

+//For offset minimization

+//R=Rf||Ri=Rf/(RfBYRi+1)

+Rf=R*(RfBYRi+1);//kohm

+disp(Rf,"Resistance Rf(kohm)");

+Ri=Rf/RfBYRi;//kohm

+Ri=floor(Ri);//kohm

+disp(Ri,"Resistance Ri(kohm)");

diff --git a/2609/CH9/EX9.14/Ex9_14.sce b/2609/CH9/EX9.14/Ex9_14.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d679266b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2609/CH9/EX9.14/Ex9_14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+//Ex 9.14

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',5);

+fH=2;//kHz(Cutoff frequency)

+Ap=4;//Pass band gain

+disp("Butterworth filter of 3rd order can be obtained by cascading of first and second order high pass filter.");

+//Butterworth polynomial is (s+1)*(s^2+s+1)

+alfa=1;//for sallen key

+Ap2=3-alfa;//gain for 2nd order filter

+Ap1=Ap/Ap2;//gain for 1st order filter

+//Design parameters for 1st order filter : 

+disp("Various design parameters for 1st order filter are :-");

+C=0.01;//micro F//Chosen for the design

+disp(C,"Capacitance C(micro F)");

+R=1/(2*%pi*fH*10^3*C*10^-6)/1000;//kohm

+disp(R,"Resistance R(kohm)");

+disp("Use R=8.2 kohm");

+R=8.2;//kohm

+//Ap1=Rf/Ri+1 ; with Ap1=2 we have Rf=Ri

+Rf=2*R;//kohm

+Ri=2*R;//kohm

+disp(Ri,Rf,"Resistance Rf & Ri(kohm)");

+format('v',6);

+//Design parameters for 2nd order filter : 

+kLp=1/alfa;//unitless

+//Ap2=Rfdash/Ridash+1 ; with Ap2=2 we have Rfdash=Ridash

+disp("Various design parameters for 2nd order filter are :-");

+C=0.033;//micro F//Chosen for the design

+disp(C,"Capacitance C(micro F)");

+format('v',4);

+R=kLp/(2*%pi*fH*10^3*C*10^-6)/1000;//kohm

+disp(R,"Resistance R(kohm)");

+Rf=2*R;//kohm

+Ri=2*R;//kohm

+disp(Ri,Rf,"Resistance Rfdash & Ridash(kohm)");

diff --git a/2609/CH9/EX9.15/Ex9_15.sce b/2609/CH9/EX9.15/Ex9_15.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..208ae6e16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2609/CH9/EX9.15/Ex9_15.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+//Ex 9.15

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',6);

+fL=200;//Hz

+fH=1; //kHz

+Ap=4;//Pass band gain

+fc=sqrt(fH*1000*fL);//Hz(Cutoff frequency)

+BW=fH*1000-fL;//Hz

+Q=fc/BW;//Quality Factor

+disp(Q,"Quality factor is ");

+disp("As Q<12, it is a wide band filter.");

+Ap1=2;//Pass band gain for high pass section

+disp("Various design parameters for high pass section are :-");

+C=0.033;//micro F//Chosen for the design

+disp(C,"Capacitance C(micro F)");

+format('v',4);

+R=1/(2*%pi*fL*C*10^-6)/1000;//kohm

+disp(R,"Resistance R(kohm)");

+//Ap1=Rf/Ri+1 ; with Ap1=2 we have Rf=Ri

+Rf=2*R;//kohm

+Ri=2*R;//kohm

+disp(Ri,Rf,"Resistance Rf & Ri(kohm)");

+Ap2=2;//Pass band gain for low pass section

+disp("Various design parameters for low pass section are :-");

+format('v',6);

+C=0.033;//micro F//Chosen for the design

+disp(C,"Capacitance C(micro F)");

+format('v',4);

+K=fL/(fH*1000);//unitless

+Rdash=K*R;//kohm

+disp(Rdash,"Resistance Rdash(kohm)");

+//Ap1=Rf/Ri+1 ; with Ap1=2 we have Rf=Ri

+Rf=2*Rdash;//kohm

+Ri=2*Rdash;//kohm

+disp(Ri,Rf,"Resistance Rf & Ri(kohm)");

+disp("Use Rf=Ri=10 kohm");

diff --git a/2609/CH9/EX9.16/Ex9_16.sce b/2609/CH9/EX9.16/Ex9_16.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d7c939382
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2609/CH9/EX9.16/Ex9_16.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+//Ex 9.16

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',5);

+disp("Part(a)");

+fc=1.2;//kHz

+Q=4;//Quality Factor

+Ap=10;//Pass band gain

+disp("Here 2*Q^2=32>AP=10, hence it can be designed using single op-amp.");

+disp("Various design parameters are :-");

+C=0.05;//micro F//Chosen for the design

+disp(C,"Capacitance C(micro F)");

+//fc/Q=1/(%pi*R2*C)

+R2=Q/(fc*1000)/%pi/(C*10^-6)/1000;//kohm

+disp(R2,"Resistance R2(kohm)");

+disp("Use R2=22 kohm");

+format('v',5);

+R1=R2/(2*Ap);//kohm

+disp(R1,"Resistance R1(kohm)");

+R3=R1*1000/(4*%pi^2*R1*1000*R2*1000*(C*10^-6)^2*(fc*1000)^2-1);//ohm

+disp(R3,"Resistance R3(ohm)");

+disp("Use R3=460 ohm");

+disp("Part(b)");

+R3=460;//ohm

+fc_new=1.5;//kHz

+fc_old=1.2;//kHz

+R3new=R3*(fc_old/fc_new)^2;//ohm

+disp("Resistance R3 should be changed from "+string(R3)+" ohm to "+string(R3new)+" ohm");

+///Answer for R3 is wrong in the book

diff --git a/2609/CH9/EX9.17/Ex9_17.sce b/2609/CH9/EX9.17/Ex9_17.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..78966f9db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2609/CH9/EX9.17/Ex9_17.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+//Ex 9.17

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',5);

+fL=3;//kHz

+fH=3.6;//kHz

+Ap=-6;//Pass band gain

+fc=sqrt(fH*fL)*1000;//Hz

+BW=(fH-fL)*1000;//Hz

+Q=fc/BW;//Quality factor

+disp(Q,"Quality factor is ");

+disp("Here 1<=Q<=12 criteria fulfills, hence it can be designed using single op-amp.");

+disp("Various design parameters are :-");

+C=0.01;//micro F//Chosen for the design

+disp(C,"Capacitance C(micro F)");

+//fc/Q=1/(%pi*R2*C)

+format('v',4);

+R2=1/%pi/(BW)/(C*10^-6)/1000;//kohm

+disp(R2,"Resistance R2(kohm)");

+format('v',5);

+R1=-R2/(2*Ap);//kohm

+disp(R1,"Resistance R1(kohm)");

+R3=R1*1000/(4*%pi^2*R1*1000*R2*1000*(C*10^-6)^2*(fc)^2-1);//ohm

+disp(R3,"Resistance R3(ohm)");

+disp("Design Verification : ");

+disp(2*Q^2>abs(Ap),"(i) Is 2*Q^2>|Ap| ?");

+disp("For op-amp 741, GBW=1 MHz");

+GBW=1;//MHz

+disp(GBW*10^6>20*Q^2*fc,"Is GBW*10^6>20*Q^2*fc ?");

+disp("2nd criteria failed. The op-amp should have higher GBW product. Use LF411");

diff --git a/2609/CH9/EX9.18/Ex9_18.sce b/2609/CH9/EX9.18/Ex9_18.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..891a73cf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2609/CH9/EX9.18/Ex9_18.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+//Ex 9.18

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',5);

+Ap=-10;//Pass band gain

+Q=22;//Quality factor

+fc=50;//Hz

+R=60;//dB/decade(Roll off rate)

+disp("Roll off rate of single op-amp=20 dB/decade. No. of stages will be 3. Desired design can be obtained by cascading three stages.");

+n=3;//no. of op-amps(as single op-amp has 20 dB/decade)

+fc1=fc;//Hz

+fc2=fc;//Hz

+fc3=fc;//Hz

+Q1=Q*sqrt(2^(1/n)-1);//Quality factor of each stage

+Q2=Q1;//Quality factor

+Q3=Q1;//Quality factor

+Ap1=-(-Ap)^(1/n);//Band pass gain of each stage

+Ap2=Ap1;//Band pass gain

+Ap3=Ap1;//Band pass gain

+//Design of a single op-amp

+C=0.1;//micro F//Chosen for the design

+disp("Various design parameters for a single stages are :");

+disp(C,"Capacitance C(micro F)");

+format('v',4);

+R2=Q1/%pi/(fc)/(C*10^-6)/1000;//kohm

+disp(R2,"Resistance R2(kohm)");

+format('v',5);

+R1=-R2/(2*Ap1);//kohm

+disp(R1,"Resistance R1(kohm)");

+format('v',4);

+R3=R1/(4*%pi^2*R1*1000*R2*1000*(C*10^-6)^2*(fc)^2-1);//kohm

+disp(R3,"Resistance R3(ohm)");

+//Answer for R2 is wrong in the book.

diff --git a/2609/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce b/2609/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6594521ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2609/CH9/EX9.2/Ex9_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//Ex 9.2

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',5);

+fH=1;//kHz

+Ap=2;//Pass band gain

+disp("Various design parameters are :-");

+C=0.05;//micro F//Chosen for the design

+disp(C,"Capacitance(micro F)");

+format('v',4);

+R=1/(2*%pi*fH*1000*C*10^-6)/1000;//kohm

+disp(R,"Resistance R(kohm)");

+//Ap=1+Rf/Ri

+RfBYRi=Ap-1;//Rf=Ri here

+//R=Rf||Ri

+Ri=2*R;//kohm

+Rf=Ri;//kohm

+disp(Ri,"Resistance Ri(kohm)");

+disp(Rf,"Resistance Rf(kohm)");

diff --git a/2609/CH9/EX9.20/Ex9_20.sce b/2609/CH9/EX9.20/Ex9_20.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d60afeeef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2609/CH9/EX9.20/Ex9_20.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//Ex 9.20

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',5);

+fNO=50;//Hz

+Q=20;//Quality Factor

+disp("Various design parameters are :-");

+C=1;//micro F//Chosen for the design

+disp(C,"Capacitance C(micro F)");

+R=1/(2*%pi*fNO)/(C*10^-6)/1000;//kohm

+disp(R,"Resistance R(kohm)");

+disp("Use R=3.2 kohm");

+//Q=(RA+RB)/4/RA

+RA=1;//kohm(chosen for the design)

+RB=Q*4*RA-RA;//kohm

+disp(RA,"Resistance RA(kohm)");

+disp(RB,"Resistance RB(kohm)");

diff --git a/2609/CH9/EX9.3/Ex9_3.sce b/2609/CH9/EX9.3/Ex9_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..cbc56fad2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2609/CH9/EX9.3/Ex9_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//Ex 9.3

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',5);

+f0=800;//Hz

+//For Butterworth filter : f0=fH=f_3dB

+fH=f0;//Hz

+f_3dB=f0;//Hz

+BW=fH;//Hz

+disp(BW,"Bandwidth(Hz)");

diff --git a/2609/CH9/EX9.4/Ex9_4.sce b/2609/CH9/EX9.4/Ex9_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d0d7a8691
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2609/CH9/EX9.4/Ex9_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//Ex 9.4

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',5);

+fH=2;//kHz(Cutoff frequency)

+Ap=1;//Pass band gain

+disp("Various design parameters are :-");

+C=0.05;//micro F//Chosen for the design between 0.01 & 1 micro F

+disp(C,"Capacitance(micro F)");

+format('v',4);

+R=1/(2*%pi*fH*1000*C*10^-6)/1000;//kohm

+disp(R,"Resistance R(kohm)");

+Rdash=R;///kohm(To eliminate the effect of offset)

+disp(Rdash,"Resistance R*(kohm)");

diff --git a/2609/CH9/EX9.5/Ex9_5.sce b/2609/CH9/EX9.5/Ex9_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..402ce6f66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2609/CH9/EX9.5/Ex9_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//Ex 9.5

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',4);

+f0=1;//kHz(Cutoff frequency)

+f0dash=1.5;//kHz(Cutoff frequency)

+disp("Various design parameters are :-");

+//For Butterworth filter

+fH=f0;//kHz

+fHdash=f0dash;//kHz

+K=f0/f0dash;//ratio

+R=3.2;//kohm

+Rdash=K*R;//kohm

+disp(Rdash,"Resistance Rdash(kohm)");

+disp("Use Rdash=2.2 kohm");

+format('v',5);

+C=0.05;//micro F//Chosen for the design

+disp(C,"Capacitance(micro F)");

+format('v',4);

+fHdash=1/(2*%pi*Rdash*1000*C*10^-6)/1000;//kHz

+disp(fHdash,"Cutoff frequency(kHz)");

diff --git a/2609/CH9/EX9.6/Ex9_6.sce b/2609/CH9/EX9.6/Ex9_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..343f0d1ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2609/CH9/EX9.6/Ex9_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//Ex 9.6

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',5);

+fL=400;//Hz

+Ap=2;//Pass band gain

+disp("Various design parameters are :-");

+C=0.05;//micro F//Chosen for the design between 0.01 & 1 micro F

+disp(C,"Capacitance(micro F)");

+R=1/(2*%pi*fL*C*10^-6)/1000;//kohm

+format('v',4);

+disp(R,"Resistance R(kohm)");

+disp("Use R=8.2 kohm");

+//Ap=1+Rf/Ri

+RfBYRi=Ap-1;//Rf=Ri here

+//R=Rf||Ri

+Ri=2*R;//kohm

+Rf=Ri;//kohm

+disp(Ri,"Resistance Ri(kohm)");

+disp(Rf,"Resistance Rf(kohm)");

diff --git a/2609/CH9/EX9.7/Ex9_7.sce b/2609/CH9/EX9.7/Ex9_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a4b609e9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2609/CH9/EX9.7/Ex9_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//Ex 9.7

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',5);

+fL=400;//Hz

+fLdash=800;//Hz

+K=fL/fLdash;//ratio

+disp("Various parameters for retuning are :-");

+R=8.2;//kohm

+Rdash=K*R;//kohm

+disp(Rdash,"Resistance Rdash(kohm)");

+disp("Use Rdash=4.2 kohm");

+Rf=2*Rdash;//kohm

+Ri=2*Rdash;//kohm

+disp(Ri,"Resistance Ri(kohm)");

+disp(Rf,"Resistance Rf(kohm)");

diff --git a/2609/CH9/EX9.8/Ex9_8.sce b/2609/CH9/EX9.8/Ex9_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..af35c2141
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2609/CH9/EX9.8/Ex9_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+//Ex 9.8

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',6);

+f0=3;//kHz(Critical frequency)

+Ap=4;//Pass band gain

+//For Butterworth filter using sallen key

+alfa=1.414;klp=1;//constant

+fH=f0;//kHz

+f_3dB=f0;//kHz

+disp("Various design parameters are :-");

+C1=0.01;//micro F//Chosen for the design

+disp(C1,"Capacitance C1(micro F)");

+C2=alfa^2*C1/4;//micro F

+disp(C2,"Capacitance C2(micro F)");

+disp("Use C2=0.004 micro F");

+C2=0.004;// micro F

+R=1/(2*%pi*fH*10^3*sqrt(C1*10^-6*C2*10^-6))/1000;//kohm

+format('v',4);

+disp(R,"Resistance R(kohm)");

+disp("Use R=8.2 kohm");

+R=8.2;//kohm

+//For offset minimization

+Rdash=2*R;//kohm

+disp(Rdash,"Resistance R*(kohm)");

+RfBYRi=Ap-1;//Rf=Ri here

+//Ri=10 kohm chosen for design

+Ri=10;//kohm

+Rf=RfBYRi*Ri;//kohm

+disp(Ri,"Resistance Ri(kohm)");

+disp(Rf,"Resistance Rf(kohm)");

diff --git a/2609/CH9/EX9.9/Ex9_9.sce b/2609/CH9/EX9.9/Ex9_9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..104630d40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2609/CH9/EX9.9/Ex9_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+//Ex 9.9

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',5);

+f0=2;//kHz(Critical frequency)

+Ap=5;//dc gain

+//For Butterworth filter using sallen key

+alfa=1.414;klp=1;//constant

+fH=f0;//kHz

+f_3dB=f0;//kHz

+Ap1=3-alfa;//gain

+RfBYRi=Ap1-1;//ratio

+disp("Various design parameters are :-");

+C=0.05;//micro F//Chosen for the design

+disp(C,"Capacitance C(micro F)");

+R=klp/(2*%pi*fH*10^3*C*10^-6)/1000;//kohm

+disp(R,"Resistance R(kohm)");

+disp("Use R=1.6 kohm");

+//For offset minimization

+//2*R=Rf||Ri=Rf/(RfBYRi+1)

+Rf=2*R*(RfBYRi+1);//kohm

+disp(Rf,"Resistance Rf(kohm)");

+Ri=Rf/RfBYRi;//kohm

+format('v',4);

+disp(Ri,"Resistance Ri(kohm)");

+//Ap=4;//dc gain in this case

+Ap=4;//dc gain

+Ap2=Ap/Ap1;//remainimg gain after 2nd order butterworth filter

+RfdashBYRidash=Ap2-1;//ratio

+//Ridash=10;//kohm chosen for design

+Ridash=10;//kohm

+disp(Ridash,"Resistance Ridash(kohm)");

+Rfdash=RfdashBYRidash*Ridash;//kohm

+disp(Rfdash,"Resistance Rfdash(kohm)");