initial commit / add all books

19 files changed, 336 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/2444/CH1/EX1.1/ex1_1.sce b/2444/CH1/EX1.1/ex1_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..18b12b3b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2444/CH1/EX1.1/ex1_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Exa 1.1

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',9);

+// Given data

+E_G = 0.72;// in eV

+E_F = (1/2)*E_G;// in eV

+k = 8.61*10^-5;// in eV/K

+T = 300;// in K 

+// The fraction of the total number of electrons 

+n_C_by_n = 1/( 1 + (%e^((E_G-E_F)/(k*T))) );

+disp(n_C_by_n,"The fraction of the total number of electrons is");

diff --git a/2444/CH1/EX1.10/ex1_10.sce b/2444/CH1/EX1.10/ex1_10.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f859ec851
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2444/CH1/EX1.10/ex1_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// Exa 1.10

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',10)

+// Given data

+rho_i = 0.47;// in ohm-m

+sigma_i = 1/rho_i;// in S/m

+miu_e = 0.39;// in m^2/V-s

+miu_h = 0.19;// in m^2/V-s

+e = 1.6*10^-19;// in C

+//sigma_i = n_i*e*(miu_e+miu_h);

+n_i = sigma_i/( e*(miu_e+miu_h) );// in /m^3

+disp(n_i,"The density of electrons per m^3 is");

+E = 10^4;

+v_n = miu_e*E;// in m/s

+disp(v_n,"The drift velocity for electrons in m/s is");

+v_h = miu_h*E;// in m/s

+disp(v_h,"The drift velocity for holes in m/s is");

diff --git a/2444/CH1/EX1.11/ex1_11.sce b/2444/CH1/EX1.11/ex1_11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b2c51490e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2444/CH1/EX1.11/ex1_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Exa 1.11

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',10)

+// Given data

+rho = 3000;// in ohm-m

+n = 1.1*10^6;// in /m^3

+e = 1.6*10^-19;// in C

+//miu_e = 3*miu_h   (i)

+// miu_e+miu_h = 1/(rho*e*n)    (ii)

+// From eq (i) and (ii)

+miu_h = (1/(rho*e*n))/4;// in m^2/V-s

+disp(miu_h,"The holes mobility in m^2/V-s is");

+miu_e = 3*miu_h;// in m^2/V-s

+disp(miu_e,"The electron mobility in m^2/V-s is");

+

+// Note: The calculated value of hole mobility is wrong .

diff --git a/2444/CH1/EX1.12/ex1_12.sce b/2444/CH1/EX1.12/ex1_12.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a882bd6e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2444/CH1/EX1.12/ex1_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// Exa 1.12

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',7)

+// Given data

+n_i = 2.5*10^13;// in /cm^3

+miu_e = 3800;//in cm^2/V-s

+miu_h = 1800;// in m^2/V-s

+e = 1.6*10^-19;// in C

+sigma_i = n_i*e*(miu_e+miu_h);// in (ohm-cm)^-1

+disp(sigma_i,"The intrinsic conductivity in (ohm-cm)^-1 is");

+n = 4.4*10^22;

+impurity = 10^-7;

+N_D = n*impurity;// in /cm^3

+n = N_D;// in /cm^3

+p = (n_i^2)/N_D;// in holes/cm^3

+sigma_n = e*N_D*miu_e;// in (ohm-cm)^-1

+disp(sigma_n,"The conductivity in N-type Ge semiconductor in (ohm-cm)^-1 is");

diff --git a/2444/CH1/EX1.13/ex1_13.sce b/2444/CH1/EX1.13/ex1_13.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6d167d9a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2444/CH1/EX1.13/ex1_13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// Exa 1.13

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',9)

+// Given data

+e = 1.6*10^-19;// in C

+miu_e = 0.38;// in m^2/V-s

+miu_h = 0.18;// in m^2/V-s

+V = 10;// in V

+l = 25;// in mm

+l = l * 10^-3;// in m

+w = 4;// in mm

+w = w * 10^-3;// in m

+t= 1.5*10^-3;// in m

+E = V/l;// in V/m

+v_e = miu_e*E;// in m/s

+disp(v_e,"The electron drift velocity in m/s is");

+v_h = miu_h*E;// in m/s

+disp(v_h,"The hole drift velocity in m/s is");

+n_i = 2.5*10^19;// in /m^2

+sigma_i = n_i*e*(miu_e+miu_h);// in (ohm-cm)^-1

+disp(sigma_i,"The interinsic conductivity of Ge in (ohm-cm)^-1 is");

+A = w*t;// in m^2

+I = sigma_i*E*A;// in A

+I = I * 10^3;// in mA

+disp(I,"The total current in mA is");

diff --git a/2444/CH1/EX1.14/ex1_14.sce b/2444/CH1/EX1.14/ex1_14.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..540fe9a1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2444/CH1/EX1.14/ex1_14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Exa 1.14

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',7)

+// Given data

+I_electrons = 3/4;

+I_holes= 1/4;

+v_h = 1;

+v_e = 3;

+ratio = (I_electrons/I_holes)*(v_h/v_e);

+disp(ratio,"Ratio of electrons to holes is");

diff --git a/2444/CH1/EX1.15/ex1_15.sce b/2444/CH1/EX1.15/ex1_15.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4c00e59be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2444/CH1/EX1.15/ex1_15.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Exa 1.15

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',6)

+// Given data

+miu_e = 0.17;// in m^2/V-s

+miu_h = 0.025;// in m^2/V-s

+e = 1.602*10^-19;// in C

+T = 27;// in degree C

+T = T + 273;// in K

+kdas = 1.38*10^-23;// in J/K

+De = miu_e*( (kdas*T)/e );// in m^-2/s

+De = De * 10^4;// in cm^2/s

+disp(De,"The diffusion coefficients of electrons in cm^2/s");

+Dh = miu_h*( (kdas*T)/e );// in m^2/s

+Dh = Dh * 10^4;// in cm^2/s

+disp(Dh,"The diffusion coefficients of holes in cm^2/s");

diff --git a/2444/CH1/EX1.16/ex1_16.sce b/2444/CH1/EX1.16/ex1_16.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a53137bc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2444/CH1/EX1.16/ex1_16.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Exa 1.16

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',9)

+// Given data

+N = 3*10^25;// in /m^3

+e = 1.602*10^-19;// in C

+E_G = 1.1;// in eV

+E_G = E_G*e;// in J

+kdas = 1.38*10^-23;// in J/K

+T = 300;// in K

+miu_e = 0.14;// in m^2/V-s

+miu_h = 0.05;// in m^2/V-s

+n_i = N*(%e^((-E_G)/(2*kdas*T)));// in /m^3

+disp(n_i,"The interinsic carrier concentration in /m^3 is");

+sigma = n_i*e*(miu_e+miu_h);// in S/m

+disp(sigma,"The conductivity of silicon in S/m is");

diff --git a/2444/CH1/EX1.17/ex1_17.sce b/2444/CH1/EX1.17/ex1_17.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..53154af96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2444/CH1/EX1.17/ex1_17.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Exa 1.17

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',7)

+// Given data

+Je = 360;// in A/cm^2

+T = 300;// in K

+d = 1.5;// in mm

+d = d * 10^-1;// in cm

+e = 1.6*10^-19;// in C

+del = 2*10^18-5*10^17;// assumed

+dnBYdx = del/d;

+De = Je/(e*dnBYdx);// in cm^2/s

+V_T = T/11600;

+miu_e = De/V_T;// in cm^2/V-s

+disp(miu_e,"The mobility of electrons in cm^2/V-s is");

diff --git a/2444/CH1/EX1.18/ex1_18.sce b/2444/CH1/EX1.18/ex1_18.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a61bcdfd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2444/CH1/EX1.18/ex1_18.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Exa 1.18

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',7)

+// Given data

+E_CminusE_F = 0.24;// in eV

+T = 300;// in K

+T1 = 350;// in K

+// E_CminusE_F = K*T*log(n_c/N_D) (i)

+// E_CminusE_F1 =K*T1*log(n_C/N_D) (ii)

+// From eq(i) and (ii)

+E_CminusE_F1 = E_CminusE_F*(T1/T);// in eV

+disp("The new position of the Fermi level lies "+string(E_CminusE_F1)+" eV below the conduction band")

+

diff --git a/2444/CH1/EX1.19/ex1_19.sce b/2444/CH1/EX1.19/ex1_19.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8f4847bb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2444/CH1/EX1.19/ex1_19.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Exa 1.19

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',5)

+// Given data

+E_FminusE_V = 0.39;// in eV

+kT = 0.026;// in ev

+//N_A1 = n_V * (%e^(-E_FminusE_V)/kT)       (i)

+// N_A2=3*N_A1=n_V * (%e^(-E_F2minusE_V)/kT)    (ii)

+//From eq(i) and (ii)

+E_F2minusE_V = kT*(15-log(3));// in eV

+disp(E_F2minusE_V,"The new position of fermi level in eV is");

diff --git a/2444/CH1/EX1.2/ex1_2.sce b/2444/CH1/EX1.2/ex1_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..932e193b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2444/CH1/EX1.2/ex1_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Exa 1.2

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',7)

+// Given data

+n_i = 1.4*10^18;// in /m^3

+N_D = 1.4*10^24;// in /m^3

+n = N_D;// in /m^3

+p = (n_i^2)/n;// in /m^3

+// Ratio of electron to hole concentation,

+ratio = n/p;

+disp(ratio,"Ratio of electron to hole concentration is");

diff --git a/2444/CH1/EX1.3/ex1_3.sce b/2444/CH1/EX1.3/ex1_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0e924a618
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2444/CH1/EX1.3/ex1_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Exa 1.3

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',10)

+// Given data

+e = 1.6*10^-19;// in C

+m = 9.1*10^-31;// in kg

+miu_e = 7.04 * 10^-3;// in m^2/V-s

+n = 5.8*10^28;// in /m^3

+torque = (miu_e/e)*m;// in sec

+disp(torque,"The relaxation time in sec is");

+sigma = n*e*miu_e;

+rho = 1/sigma ;// in ohm-m

+disp(rho,"The resistivity of conductor in ohm-m is");

diff --git a/2444/CH1/EX1.4/ex1_4.sce b/2444/CH1/EX1.4/ex1_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ebb8d1b27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2444/CH1/EX1.4/ex1_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Exa 1.4

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',10)

+// Given data

+e = 1.601*10^-19;// in C

+m = 9.107 * 10^-31;// in kg

+E = 100;// in V/m

+n = 6*10^28;// in /m^3

+rho = 1.5*10^-8;// in ohm-m

+sigma = 1/rho;

+torque = (sigma*m)/(n*(e^2));// in second

+disp(torque,"The relaxation time in second is");

+format('v',6)

+v = ((e*E)/m)*torque;// in m/s

+disp(v,"The drift velocity in m/s is");

diff --git a/2444/CH1/EX1.5/ex1_5.sce b/2444/CH1/EX1.5/ex1_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..dc6e3a2f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2444/CH1/EX1.5/ex1_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// Exa 1.5

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',10)

+// Given data

+d = 2;// in mm

+d = d * 10^-3;// in m

+sigma = 5.8*10^7;// in S/m

+miu_e = 0.0032;// in m^2/V-s

+E = 20;// in mV/m;

+E = E * 10^-3;// in V/m

+e = 1.6*10^-19;// in C

+n = sigma/(e*miu_e);// in /m^3

+disp(n,"The charge density of free electrons in /m^3 is");

+J = sigma*E;// in A/m^2

+disp(J,"The current density in A/m^2 is");

+format('v',6)

+I = J * ( (%pi*(d^2))/4 );// in A

+disp(I,"The current flowing in the wire in A is");

+format('v',9)

+v = miu_e*E;// in m/s

+disp(v,"The electron drift velocity in m/s is");

diff --git a/2444/CH1/EX1.6/ex1_6.sce b/2444/CH1/EX1.6/ex1_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e06fca00c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2444/CH1/EX1.6/ex1_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// Exa 1.6

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',9)

+// Given data

+l = 1;// in cm

+l = l * 10^-2;// in m

+A = 1;// in mm^2

+A = A * 10^-6;// in m^2

+R = 100;// in ohm

+rho = (R*A)/l;// in ohm-m

+sigma = 1/rho;

+e = 1.6*10^-19;// in C

+miu_e = 1350;// in cm^2/V-s

+miu_e = miu_e * 10^-4;// in m^2/V-s

+n = sigma/(e*miu_e);// in /m^3

+disp(n,"The dopant density in /m^3");

+

+// Note: The unit of the answer is wrong because 0.0463*10^23/m^3 = 4.63*10^21/m^3, not in /cm^3

diff --git a/2444/CH1/EX1.7/ex1_7.sce b/2444/CH1/EX1.7/ex1_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..30308290d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2444/CH1/EX1.7/ex1_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// Exa 1.7

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',9)

+// Given data

+R = 1;// in k ohm

+R = R * 10^3;// in ohm

+L = 400;// in µm

+L = L * 10^-6;// in m

+W = 20;// in µm

+W = W * 10^-6;// in m

+a = L*W;// in m^2

+l = 4;// in mm

+l = l * 10^-3;// in m

+rho_i = (R*a)/l;// in ohm-m

+sigma_i = 1/rho_i;// in S/m

+e = 1.6*10^-19;// in C

+miu_h = 480;// in cm^2/V-s

+miu_h = miu_h * 10^-4;// in m^2/V-s

+// sigma_i = p*e*miu_h;

+p = sigma_i/(e*miu_h);// in /m^3

+disp(p,"The concentration of acceptor atom in /m^3 is");

diff --git a/2444/CH1/EX1.8/ex1_8.sce b/2444/CH1/EX1.8/ex1_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e9ac7f5bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2444/CH1/EX1.8/ex1_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// Exa 1.8

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',8)

+// Given data

+rho = 0.5;// in ohm-m

+J = 100;// in A/m^2

+miu_e = 0.4;// in m^2/V-s

+e = 1.6*10^-19;// in C

+sigma = 1/rho;

+E = J/sigma;

+v = miu_e*E;// in m/s

+disp(v,"The drift velocity in m/s is");

+D = 10;// distance of travel in µm

+D = D * 10^-6;// in m

+// Time taken by electron

+t= D/v;// time taken in second 

+disp(t,"The time taken in second is");

diff --git a/2444/CH1/EX1.9/ex1_9.sce b/2444/CH1/EX1.9/ex1_9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9228d05ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2444/CH1/EX1.9/ex1_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Exa 1.9

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',9)

+// Given data

+rho = 0.039;// in ohm-cm

+sigma_n = 1/rho;// in mho/cm

+miu_e = 3600;// in cm^2/V-s

+e = 1.602*10^-19;// in C

+// sigma_n = n*e*miu_e = N_D*e*miu_e;

+N_D = sigma_n/(e*miu_e);// in /cm^3

+n = N_D;// in /cm^3

+disp(n,"The electrons density per cm^3 is");

+n_i = 2.5*10^13;// in /cm^3

+p = (n_i^2)/n;// in /cm^3

+disp(p,"The hole density per cm^3 is");