initial commit / add all books

8 files changed, 223 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/2372/CH2/EX2.1/ex1.sce b/2372/CH2/EX2.1/ex1.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..98bcadee0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2372/CH2/EX2.1/ex1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+clc;

+clear;

+vm=100;thetav=0; //voltage amplitude and phase angle

+z=1.25;gama=60; //impedance magnitude and phase angle

+thetai=thetav-gama; //curent phase angle in degree

+theta=(thetav-thetai)*%pi/180; 

+im=vm/z;

+wt=0:0.05:2*%pi;

+v=vm*cos(wt);//instantaneous voltage 

+i=im*cos(wt+thetai*%pi/180);//instantaneous current

+mprintf("instantaneous current,i(t)=%d cos(wt+(-%d))\n",im,thetai);

+p=v.*i;//instantaneous power

+mprintf("instantaneous power,p(t)=v(t)*i(t)=%d cos(wt)cos(wt+(%d))",vm*im,thetai);

+V=vm./sqrt(2);I=im/sqrt(2); //rms current and voltage

+P=V*I*cos(theta);//average power

+Q=V*I*sin(theta);//reactive power

+S=P+%i*Q;//complex power

+pr=P*(1+cos(2*(wt+thetav)));

+px=Q*sin(2*(wt+thetav));

+PP=P*ones(1,length(wt));//average power of length w for plot 

+xline=zeros(1,length(wt));//generates a 0 vector

+wt=180/%pi*wt;//converting radian to degree

+subplot(2,2,1),plot(wt,v,wt,i,wt,xline);

+title("v(t)=vm cos(wt),i(t)=im cos(wt-60)");

+xlabel("wt,degrees");

+subplot(2,2,2),plot(wt,p,wt,xline);

+title("p(t)=v(t)*i(t)");

+xlabel("wt,degree");

+subplot(2,2,3),plot(wt,pr,wt,PP,wt,xline);

+title("active power,pr(t)");

+xlabel("wt,degree");

+subplot(2,2,4),plot(wt,px,wt,xline);

+title("reactive power,px(t)");

+xlabel("wt,degree");

diff --git a/2372/CH2/EX2.2/ex2.sce b/2372/CH2/EX2.2/ex2.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..af08c39eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2372/CH2/EX2.2/ex2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+clc;

+clear;

+v=1200; thetav=0;

+z1=60;

+z2=6+12*%i;

+z3=30-30*%i;

+i1=v/z1;

+i2=v/z2;

+i3=v/z3;

+s1=v*i1';

+s2=v*i2';

+s3=v*i3';

+s=s1+s2+s3;

+mprintf("voltage=%d angle %d\n",v,thetav);

+mprintf("impedance1,Z1=%d+%dj ohms\n",real(z1),imag(z1));

+mprintf("impedance1,Z2=%d+%dj ohms\n",real(z2),imag(z2));

+mprintf("impedance1,Z3=%d+(%d)j ohms\n",real(z3),imag(z3));

+mprintf("current,i1=%d+%dj A\n",real(i1),imag(i1));

+mprintf("current,i2=%d+(%d)j A\n",real(i2),imag(i2));

+mprintf("current,i3=%d+%dj A\n",real(i3),imag(i3));

+mprintf("s1=v i1*=%d W+%dj var \n",real(s1),imag(s1));

+mprintf("s2=v i2*=%d W+%dj var \n",real(s2),imag(s2));

+mprintf("s3=v i3*=%d W+(%d)j var \n",real(s3),imag(s3));

+mprintf("total complex power,s=s1+s2+s3=%d W+%dj var \n",real(s),imag(s));

diff --git a/2372/CH2/EX2.3/ex3.sce b/2372/CH2/EX2.3/ex3.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..38b73c0cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2372/CH2/EX2.3/ex3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+clc;

+clear;

+z1=complex(100,0);

+z2=complex(10,20);

+v=200;

+mprintf("voltage,v=%d V\n",v);

+f=60;

+mprintf("frequence,f=%d Hz\n",f);

+i1=v/z1;

+mprintf("current,i1=%d+%dj A\n",real(i1),imag(i1));

+i2=v/z2;

+mprintf("current,i2=%d+(%d)j A\n",real(i2),imag(i2));

+s1=v*i1';

+s2=v*i2';

+s=s1+s2;

+mprintf("total complex power,s=s1+s2=%d W+%dj Var \n",real(s),imag(s));

+i=s'/v';

+mprintf("complex current,i=%d+(%d)j A\n",real(i),imag(i));

+pf=cos(atan(imag(i),real(i)));

+mprintf("power factor,pf=%2.1f lagging\n",pf);

+theta=acos(0.8);

+mprintf("required power factor angle,theta=%4.2f degrees\n",theta*180/%pi);

+p=real(s);

+mprintf("active power,p=%d W\n",p);

+qnew=p*tan(theta);

+qc=imag(s)-qnew;

+mprintf("capacitor reactive power,qc=%d var\n",qc);

+zc=v*v/qc/%i;

+mprintf("capacitive reactance,Zc=%4.2fj ohms\n",imag(zc));

+c=10^6/(2*%pi*f*abs(zc));

+mprintf("capacitance,c=%4.2f uF\n",c);

+snew=p+(qnew*%i);

+mprintf("total power,snew=%d + %dj =%d angle %4.2f\n",real(snew),imag(snew),abs(snew),atan(imag(snew),real(snew))*180/%pi);

+inew=snew'/v';

+mprintf("new current,inew=%2.1f angle -%4.2f\n",abs(inew),atan(imag(snew),real(snew))*180/%pi);

+

+mprintf("note reduction in the supply current from 10A to 7.5A\n");

diff --git a/2372/CH2/EX2.4/ex4.sce b/2372/CH2/EX2.4/ex4.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a70bff9fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2372/CH2/EX2.4/ex4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+clc;

+clear;

+v=1400;//rms voltage

+f=60;//frequency 

+kva1=125; pf1=0.28; //inductive load and lagging power factor

+kw2=10; kvar2=-40; //active and reactive power of a capacitive load

+kw3=15;//resistive load

+theta1=acos(pf1);

+s1=complex(125*cos(theta1),125*sin(theta1));

+s2=complex(kw2,kvar2);

+s3=complex(kw3,0);

+s=s1+s2+s3;//total apparent power

+mprintf("total apparent power,s=%d kW+%d kvar=%d angle%4.2f kVA \n",real(s),imag(s),abs(s),atan(imag(s),real(s))*180/%pi);

+i=s'*1000/v';//total current

+mprintf("total current,i=%4.2f angle %4.2f A\n",abs(i),atan(imag(i),real(i))*180/%pi);

+thetai=atan(imag(i),real(i));

+pf=cos(thetai);//lagging power factor

+mprintf("power factor,PF= %2.1f lagging\n",pf);

+p=real(s);//total active power

+q=imag(s);//total reactive power

+pfnew=0.8;//required power factor

+mprintf("required pf,pfnew=%2.1f lagging\n",pfnew);

+thetanew=acos(pfnew);

+qnew=p*tan(thetanew);

+qc=q-qnew;//capacitor kVar required

+mprintf("required capacitor kvar,qc=%d kvar\n",qc)

+xc=v*v/%i/qc/1000;

+c=10^6/(2*%pi*f*abs(xc));

+mprintf("capacitance,c=%4.2f uF\n",c);

+snew=complex(p,qnew);

+inew=snew'*1000/v';

+mprintf("new current, inew=%4.2f angle %4.2f A\n",abs(inew),atan(imag(inew),real(inew))*180/%pi);

+mprintf("note the reduction in supply current from 71.43 A to 53.57 A\n");

diff --git a/2372/CH2/EX2.5/ex5.sce b/2372/CH2/EX2.5/ex5.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f1255f9a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2372/CH2/EX2.5/ex5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+clc;

+clear;

+ang1=-5*%pi/180;

+v1=complex(120*cos(ang1),120*sin(ang1));

+v2=100;

+z=complex(1,7);//line impedance

+i12=(v1-v2)/z;

+i21=(v2-v1)/z;

+s12=v1*i12';

+s21=v2*i21';

+sl=s12+s21;//line loss

+mprintf("since p1 is negative and p2 is positive,source1 receives %3.1f W and source 2 generates %4.1f W and the real power loss in the line is %2.1f W. the real power loss in the line can be checked by:\n",abs(real(s12)),real(s21),real(sl));

+r=real(z);//resistance of line

+x=imag(z);//impedance of line

+pl=r*abs(i12)*abs(i12);

+mprintf("verifying active power loss in line,pl=%2.1f W\n",pl);

+mprintf("also q1 is positive and q2 is negative, source1 delivers %4.1f var and source2 receives %4.1f var, and reactive power loss in line is %3.1f var. the reactive power loss in the line can be checked by :\n",imag(s12),abs(imag(s21)),imag(sl));

+ql=x*abs(i12)*abs(i12);

+mprintf("verifying reactive power loss in line, ql=%3.1f var\n",ql);

diff --git a/2372/CH2/EX2.6/ex6.sce b/2372/CH2/EX2.6/ex6.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..be53f2564
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2372/CH2/EX2.6/ex6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+clc;

+clear;

+e1=input("source #1 voltage mag. =");

+a1=input("source #1 phase angle =");

+e2=input("source #2 voltage mag. =");

+a2=input("source #2 phase angle =");

+r=input("line resistance =");

+x=input("line reactance =");

+z=r+(%i*x);

+a1=((-30+a1):5:(30+a1))';

+a1r=a1*%pi/180;

+k=length(a1);

+a2=ones(k,1)*a2;

+a2r=a2*%pi/180;

+v1=e1.*cos(a1r)+%i*e1.*sin(a1r);

+v2=e2.*cos(a2r)+%i*e2.*sin(a2r);

+i12=(v1-v2)./z;

+i21=-i12;

+s1=v1.*conj(i12);p1=real(s1);q1=imag(s1);

+s2=v2.*conj(i21);p2=real(s2);q2=imag(s2);

+sl=s1+s2;pl=real(sl);ql=imag(sl);

+result1=[a1,p1,p2,pl];

+disp("delta 1   p-1     p-2     p-l");

+disp(result1);

+plot(a1,p1,a1,p2,a1,pl);

+xlabel("source #1 voltage phase angle");

+ylabel("P,watts");

+plotframe;

diff --git a/2372/CH2/EX2.7/ex7.sce b/2372/CH2/EX2.7/ex7.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..40cba3f0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2372/CH2/EX2.7/ex7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+clc;

+clear;

+z=complex(2,4);//line impedance

+zy=complex(30,40);//impedance per phase of Y connected load

+zdel=complex(60,-45);//impedance of delta connected load

+vl=207.85;//line voltage

+z2=zdel/3;//impedance per phase of equivalent Y network

+v1=vl/sqrt(3);//phase voltage

+mprintf("phase voltage,v1=%d V\n",v1);

+zt=z+(zy*z2/(zy+z2));//total impedance

+mprintf("total impedance,z=%d ohms\n",zt);

+i=v1/abs(zt);//current in phase a

+s=3*v1*i';//3 phase power supplied

+mprintf("three phase power supplied,s=%d W\n",s);

+v2=v1-(z*i);//load terminal voltage

+v2ab=complex(sqrt(3)*cos(%pi/6),sqrt(3)*sin(%pi/6))*v2;//line voltage at load terminal

+mprintf("line voltage at load terminal,v2ab=%5.2f angle %3.1f V\n",abs(v2ab),atan(imag(v2ab),real(v2ab))*180/%pi);

+i1=v2/zy;//current per phase in Y connected load

+i2=v2/z2;//current per phase in equivalent Y of the delta load

+iab=i2/complex(sqrt(3)*cos(-%pi/6),sqrt(3)*sin(-%pi/6));//phase current in original delta connected load

+mprintf("phase current in original delta connection,iab= %4.3f angle %4.2f A\n",abs(iab),atan(imag(iab),real(iab))*180/%pi);

+s1=3*v2*i1';

+s2=3*v2*i2';

+sl=3*z*abs(i)*abs(i);

+stotal=s1+s2+sl;

+mprintf("total power absorbed by loads plus power consumed at line losses,stotal=%d W + %dvar\n",real(stotal),imag(stotal));

+mprintf("it is clear that the sum of load powers and line losses is equal to the power delivered from the supply.\n");

diff --git a/2372/CH2/EX2.8/ex8.sce b/2372/CH2/EX2.8/ex8.sce
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..06e65d440
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2372/CH2/EX2.8/ex8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+clc;

+clear;

+z=complex(0.4,2.7);//line impedance

+r=real(z);

+x=imag(z);

+s1=560.1; pf1=0.707; ang1=acos(pf1);//load 1 lagging power factor

+s2=132;pf2=1;ang2=acos(pf2);//load 2 unity power factor

+v2l=3810.5;//line to line voltage at load end

+v2=v2l/sqrt(3);//phase voltage

+s3p=complex(s1*cos(ang1),s1*sin(ang1))+s2;//total complex power

+i=s3p'*1000/3/v2';//line current

+v1=v2+z*i;//sending end voltage

+v1l=sqrt(3)*abs(v1);

+mprintf("magnitude of line voltage at source end = %d V\n",v1l);

+sl3p=3*r*abs(i)*abs(i)+%i*3*x*abs(i)*abs(i);//3phase power loss in line

+mprintf("three phase power loss in line,sl3p=%d kW + j%d kvar\n",real(sl3p)/1000,imag(sl3p)/1000);

+ss3p=3*v1*i';

+mprintf("three phase sending end power,ss3p=%d kW+ j%d kvar\n",real(ss3p)/1000,imag(ss3p)/1000);

+st=s3p+(sl3p/1000);

+mprintf("total power consumed,st=%d kW+ %dkvar\n",real(st),imag(st));

+mprintf("it is clear that the sum of laod powers and the line losses is equal to the power delivered from the supply\n");