initial commit / add all books

20 files changed, 370 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.11.1.a/ex5_11_1a.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.11.1.a/ex5_11_1a.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5ae3cd1f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.11.1.a/ex5_11_1a.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Exa 5.11.1(a)

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+// Given data

+beta_dc = 90;

+I_C = 15;// in mA

+I_C = I_C * 10^-3;// in A

+I_B = I_C/beta_dc;// in A

+disp(I_B*10^6,"The base current in µA is");

+I_E = I_C + I_B;// in A

+I_E = I_E * 10^3;// in mA

+disp(I_E,"The Emitter current in mA is");

+alpha_dc = beta_dc/(1+beta_dc);

+disp(alpha_dc,"The value of alpha_dc is");

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.11.1/ex5_11_1.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.11.1/ex5_11_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8992808e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.11.1/ex5_11_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Exa 5.11.1

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+// Given data

+bita = 50;

+I_B= 20;// in µA

+I_B=I_B*10^-6;// in A

+I_C= bita*I_B;// in A

+I_E= I_C+I_B;// in A

+I_E = I_E * 10^3;// in mA

+disp(I_E,"The Emitter current in mA is");

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.11.3/ex5_11_3.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.11.3/ex5_11_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..187e65df3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.11.3/ex5_11_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Exa 5.11.3

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+// Given data

+del_ic = 1.8;// in mA

+del_ie = 1.89;// in mA

+alpha = del_ic / del_ie;

+bita = alpha/(1 - alpha);

+del_ib = del_ic/bita;// in mA

+del_ib = del_ib * 10^3;// in µA

+disp(del_ib,"The change in I_B in µA is"); 

+

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.11.4/ex5_11_4.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.11.4/ex5_11_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a123b8013
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.11.4/ex5_11_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+//Exa 5.11.4

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+// Given data

+V_CC = 10;// in V

+R_C = 3;// in k Ω

+R_C= R_C*10^3;// in Ω

+bita = 100;

+I_CO = 20;// in nA

+I_CO = I_CO * 10^-9;// in A

+V_BB = 5;// in V

+R_B = 200;// in kΩ

+R_B= R_B*10^3;// in Ω

+V_BE = 0.7;// in V

+// Applying KVL to the base circuit, V_BB= I_B*R_B+V_BE

+I_B = (V_BB - V_BE)/R_B;// in A

+disp(I_B*10^6,"The base current in µA is");

+I_C = (bita * I_B) + I_CO;// in A

+disp(I_C*10^3,"The collector current in mA is");

+I_E = I_C + I_B;// in A

+disp(I_E*10^3,"Emitter current in mA is");

+V_CE = V_CC - (I_C * R_C);// in V

+disp(V_CE,"Collector emitter voltage in V is");

+

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.11.5/ex5_11_5.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.11.5/ex5_11_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5debee0b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.11.5/ex5_11_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//Exa 5.11.5

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+// Given data

+bita = 100;

+I_CBO = 4;// in µA

+I_B = 40;// in µA

+I_C = (bita * I_B) + ((1+bita) * I_CBO);// in µA

+I_C = I_C * 10^-3;// in msA

+disp(I_C,"The collector current in mA is");

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.11.6/ex5_11_6.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.11.6/ex5_11_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..67beb34d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.11.6/ex5_11_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Exa 5.11.6

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+// Given data

+del_IC = 1 * 10^-3;// in A

+del_IB = 10 * 10^-6;// in A

+CurrentGain= del_IC/del_IB;

+disp(CurrentGain,"The current gain is");

+del_IC= del_IC*10^3;// in mA

+del_IB= del_IB*10^6;// in µA

+I_B=0:0.1:50;// in µA

+I_C= I_B/del_IB+del_IC;// in mA

+plot(I_B,I_C)

+xlabel("Base current in µA");

+ylabel("Collector current in mA")

+title("Transfer Characteristics ")

+disp("Transfer Characteristics is shown in figure")

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.11.7/ex5_11_7.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.11.7/ex5_11_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..34161649a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.11.7/ex5_11_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//Exa 5.11.7

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+//Given data

+I_CEo = 21;// in µA

+I_CBO = 1.1;// in µA

+beta_dc = (I_CEo/I_CBO) - 1;

+disp(beta_dc,"Value of beta_dc is");

+alpha_dc = beta_dc/(1 + beta_dc);

+disp(alpha_dc,"The value of alpha_dc is");

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.14.1/ex5_14_1.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.1/ex5_14_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e8c5c432f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.1/ex5_14_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Exa 5.14.1

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+// Given data

+I_CBO = 3;//in µA

+I_CBO= I_CBO*10^-3;// in mA 

+I_C= 15;// in mA

+// But it is given that I_C= 99.5% of I_E, SO

+I_E= I_C/99.5*100;// in mA

+alpha_dc= I_C/I_E;

+disp(alpha_dc,"The value of alpha_dc is : ")

+disp(I_E,"The value of I_E in mA is : ")

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.14.10/ex5_14_10.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.10/ex5_14_10.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8b7b2ffbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.10/ex5_14_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// Exa 5.14.10

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+// Given data

+V_ECsat= 0.2;// in V

+V_CC= 10;// in V

+V_EBsat= 0.8;// in V

+

+// Part (i)

+bita= 100;

+R_B= 220;// in kΩ

+// Applying KVL to collector circuit, V_CC= V_EC+ICRC

+ICRC= V_CC-V_ECsat;// in V

+// Applying KVL to input loop, V_CC= V_EBsat+I_B*R_B        (i)

+I_B= (V_CC-V_EBsat)/R_B;// in mA

+I_C= bita*I_B;// in mA

+R_Cmin= ICRC/I_C;// in kΩ

+disp(R_Cmin,"The minimum value of R_C in kΩ is :  ")

+// Part (ii)

+R_C= 1.2;// in kΩ

+I_Csat= ICRC/R_C;// in mA

+I_B= I_Csat/bita;// in mA

+// From eq (i)

+R_B= (V_CC-V_EBsat)/I_B;// in kΩ

+disp(R_B,"The maximum value of R_B in kΩ is : ")

+

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.14.11/ex5_14_11.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.11/ex5_14_11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..335bd52da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.11/ex5_14_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+//Exa 5.14.11

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+// Given data

+bita= 100;

+V_BEsat= 0.8;// in V

+V_CEsat= 0.2;// in V

+V_BEact= 0.7;// in V

+V_CC = 10;// in V

+R_E = 1;// in kΩ

+R_C = 2;// in kΩ

+R_B= 100;// in kΩ

+bita=100;

+alpha= bita/(1+bita);

+// Applying KVL to collector circuit

+// V_CC= I_Csat*R_C +V_CE +R_E*I_E

+// but I_E= alpha*I_Csat

+I_Csat= (V_CC-V_CEsat)/(R_C+R_E*alpha);// in mA

+I_Bmin= I_Csat/bita;// in mA

+// Applying KVL to base loop

+// V_CC= I_B*R_B +V_BEsat +I_E*R_E

+// but I_E= I_Csat+I_B

+I_B= (V_CC-V_BEsat-I_Csat*R_E)/(R_B+R_E);// in mA

+disp(I_B*10^3,"The value of I_B in µA is : ")

+disp(I_Bmin*10^3,"The minimum value of I_B in µA is : ")

+if I_B>I_Bmin then

+    disp("Since the value of I_B is greater than the value of I_Bmin, ")

+    disp("Hence the transistor is in saturation .")

+end

+I_E= (1+bita)*I_Bmin;// in mA

+R_E= (V_CC-V_BEact-I_Bmin*R_B)/I_E;// in kΩ

+disp(R_E,"The value of R_E in kΩ is : ")

+disp("So R_E should be greater than this value in order to bring the transistor just out of saturation ")

+

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.14.12/ex5_14_12.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.12/ex5_14_12.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..45f87f3bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.12/ex5_14_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Exa 5.14.12

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+// Given data

+V_CC = 9;// in V

+V_BE = 0.8;// in V

+V_CE = 0.2;// in V

+R_B = 50;// in kΩ

+R_C=2;// in kΩ

+R_E = 1;// in kΩ

+bita=70;

+// Applying KVL to input loop, V_CC= I_B*R_B +V_BE +I_E*R_E

+// V_CC- V_BE= (R_B+R_E)*I_B + R_E*I_C          (i)

+// Applying KVL to output loop, V_CC= R_C*I_C +V_CE +I_C*R_E +I_B*R_E

+//I_B = ((V_CC- V_CE)-(R_C+R_E)*I_C)/R_E         (ii)

+// From eq (i) and (ii)

+I_C= ( (V_CC- V_BE)-(R_B+R_E)* (V_CC- V_CE)/R_E)/(1-(R_B+R_E)*(R_C+R_E));// in mA

+I_B = ((V_CC- V_CE)-(R_C+R_E)*I_C)/R_E// in mA

+I_Bmin= I_C/bita;// in mA

+if I_B>I_Bmin then

+    disp("Since the value of I_B ("+string(I_B)+" mA) is greater than the value of I_Bmin ("+string(I_Bmin)+" mA)")

+    disp("So the transistor is in saturation ")

+end

+V_C= V_CC-I_C*R_C;// in V

+disp(V_C,"The value of collector voltage in volts is : ")

+bita= I_C/I_B;

+disp(bita,"The minimum value of bita that will change the state of the trasistor is : ")

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.14.2/ex5_14_2.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.2/ex5_14_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..db78c94e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.2/ex5_14_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//Exa 5.14.2

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+//Given data

+alpha_dc = 0.99;

+I_CBO = 10;// in µA

+I_CBO= I_CBO*10^-6;// in A

+I_E = 10;// in mA

+I_E= I_E*10^-3;// in A

+I_C = (alpha_dc * I_E) + I_CBO;// in A

+disp(I_C*10^3,"The value of I_C in mA is");

+I_B = I_E - I_C;// in A

+I_B = I_B * 10^6;// in µA

+disp(I_B,"The value of I_B in µA is");

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.14.3/ex5_14_3.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.3/ex5_14_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ecd6af474
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.3/ex5_14_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Exa 5.14.3

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+format('v',9)

+// Given data

+alpha_dc = 0.99;

+I_C = 6;// in mA

+I_C= I_C*10^-3;// in A

+I_CBO = 15;// in µA

+I_CBO= I_CBO*10^-6;// in A

+I_E = (I_C - I_CBO)/alpha_dc;// in A

+I_B = I_E - I_C;// in A 

+I_B= I_B*10^6;// in µA

+I_B= round(I_B)

+disp(I_B,"The value of I_B in µA is");

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.14.5/ex5_14_5.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.5/ex5_14_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..123bd2178
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.5/ex5_14_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//Exa 5.14.5

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+// Given data

+alpha_dc = 0.98;

+I_CBO = 12;// in µA

+I_CBO = I_CBO * 10^-6;// in A

+I_B = 120;// in µA

+I_B = I_B * 10^-6;// in A

+beta_dc = alpha_dc/(1-alpha_dc);

+I_E = ((1 + beta_dc) * I_B) + ((1 + beta_dc) * I_CBO);//in A

+I_E = I_E * 10^3;// in mA

+disp(I_E,"The value of I_E in mA is");

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.14.6/ex5_14_6.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.6/ex5_14_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a3b8dddac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.6/ex5_14_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+//Exa 5.14.6

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+// Given data

+bita= 100;

+V_BEsat= 0.8;// in V

+V_CEsat= 0.2;// in V

+V_BEact= 0.7;// in V

+V_CC = 10;// in V

+V_BB=5;// in V

+R_E = 2;// in kΩ

+R_C = 3;// in kΩ

+R_B= 50;// in kΩ

+// Applying KVL to collector loop

+// V_CC= I_Csat*R_C +V_CEsat +I_E*R_E and I_E= I_Csat+I_B, So

+//I_B= ((V_CC-V_CEsat)-(R_C+R_E)*I_Csat)/R_E;           (i)

+// Applying KVL to base loop

+// V_BB-I_B*R_B -V_BEsat-I_E*R_E =0 and I_E= I_Csat+I_B, So

+//V_BB-V_BEsat= R_E*I_Csat + (R_B+R_E)*I_B              (ii)

+// From eq (i) and (ii)

+I_B = ((V_BB-V_BEsat)*5- (V_CC-V_CEsat)*2) / ((R_B+R_E)*5 - R_E*2) ;// in mA

+I_Csat= ((V_CC-V_CEsat)-R_E*I_B)/(R_C+R_E);// in mA

+I_Bmin= I_Csat/bita;// in mA

+if I_B<I_Bmin then

+    disp("Since the value of I_B ("+string(I_B*10^3)+"µA) is less than the value of I_Bmin ("+string(I_Bmin*10^3)+"µA)");

+    disp("So the transistor is not in the saturation region. But it is conducting hence it can not be in cutoff.")

+    disp("Therefore the transistor is in the active region")

+end

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.14.7/ex5_14_7.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.7/ex5_14_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ffd3efb58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.7/ex5_14_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+//Exa 5.14.7

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+// Given data

+bita= 100;

+V_BEsat= 0.8;// in V

+V_CEsat= 0.2;// in V

+V_BEact= 0.7;// in V

+V_CC = 10;// in V

+V_BB=5;// in V

+R_E = 2;// in kΩ

+R_C = 3;// in kΩ

+R_B= 50;// in kΩ

+// Applying KVL to input loop

+// V_BB= I_B*R_B+(1+bita)*I_B*R_E+V_BEact or 

+I_B= (V_BB-V_BEact)/(R_B+(1+bita)*R_E);// in mA

+I_C= bita*I_B;// in mA

+// Applying KVL to collector circuit

+// V_CC= I_Csat*R_C +V_CEsat +(I_C+I_B)*R_E

+V_CEact= V_CC-I_B*R_E-I_C*(R_C+R_E);// in V

+disp(I_B*10^3,"The value of I_B in µA is : ")

+disp(I_C,"The value of I_C in mA is : ")

+disp(V_CEact,"The value of V_CE in volts is : ")

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.14.8/ex5_14_8.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.8/ex5_14_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c872e8692
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.8/ex5_14_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//Exa 5.14.8

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+//Given data

+bita = 100;

+V_CEsat = 0.2;// in V

+R_B = 150;// in kohm

+R_C = 2;// in kohm

+V_CC  = 10;// in V

+V_BEsat = 0.8;// in V

+I_B = (V_CC - V_BEsat)/R_B;// in mA

+I_C = (V_CC - V_CEsat)/R_C;// in mA

+I_Bmin = I_C/bita;// in mA

+if I_B>I_Bmin then

+    disp("Since the value of I_B ("+string(I_B*10^3)+"µA) is greater than the value of I_Bmin ("+string(I_Bmin*10^3)+"µA)");

+    disp("So the transistor is in the saturation region.")

+end

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.14.9/ex5_14_9.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.9/ex5_14_9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..db59be3c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.14.9/ex5_14_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//Exa 5.14.9

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+//Given data

+bita = 100;

+V_CE = 0.2;//in V

+V_BE = 0.8;// in V

+R_C= 500;// in Ω

+R_B= 44*10^3;// in Ω

+R_E= 1*10^3;// in Ω

+V_CC= 15;// in V

+V_GE= -15;// in V

+// Applying KVL to collector circuit

+// V_CC-V_GE - I_Csat*R_C-V_CE-I_E*R_E=0, but I_Csat= bita*I_Bmin and I_E= 1+bita

+I_Bmin= (V_CC-V_GE-V_CE)/(R_C*bita+(1+bita)*R_E);// in A

+// Applying KVL to the base emitter circuit

+// V_BB-I_Bmin*R_B-V_BE-I_E*R_E + V_CC=0

+V_BB= I_Bmin*R_B + V_BE + (1+bita)*I_Bmin*R_E-V_CC;// in V

+disp(I_Bmin*10^3,"The value of I_B(min) in mA is : ")

+disp(V_BB,"The value of V_BB in volts is : ")

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.9.1/ex5_9_1.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.9.1/ex5_9_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..68ae07a79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.9.1/ex5_9_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Exa 5.9.1

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+// Given data

+V_EE = 8;// in V

+V_BE = 0.7;// in V

+R_E = 1.5;// in k ohm

+I_E = (V_EE - V_BE)/R_E;// in mA

+I_C = I_E;// in mA

+disp(I_C,"The value of I_C in mA is");

+V_CC = 18;// in V

+R_C = 1.2;// in kΩ

+V_CB = V_CC - (I_C * R_C);// in V

+disp(V_CB,"The value of V_CB in V is");

diff --git a/2288/CH5/EX5.9.2/ex5_9_2.sce b/2288/CH5/EX5.9.2/ex5_9_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..39816c7c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2288/CH5/EX5.9.2/ex5_9_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// Exa 5.9.2

+clc;

+clear;

+close;

+// Given data

+alpha = 0.9;

+I_E = 1;// mA

+I_C = alpha * I_E;// in mA

+I_B = I_E - I_C;// in mA

+disp(I_B,"The value of base current in mA is");