initial commit / add all books

13 files changed, 447 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/2252/CH8/EX8.1/Ex8_1.sce b/2252/CH8/EX8.1/Ex8_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b23c308bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH8/EX8.1/Ex8_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+

+function[r,theta]=rect2pol(A)

+    x=real(A)

+    y=imag(A)

+    r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)

+    theta=atand(y/x)

+endfunction

+function[z]=pol2rect(r,theta)

+    x=r*cos(theta*%pi/180)

+    y=r*sin(theta*%pi/180)

+    z=x+y*%i

+endfunction

+function[r]=mag(A)

+    x=real(A)

+    y=imag(A)

+    r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)

+endfunction

+//calculating current in each branch and its angle of lag or lead

+V=230

+f=50

+//for branch A

+Ra=10//resistance

+L=.04//inductance

+Xl=2*%pi*f*L//inductive reactance

+Za=sqrt(Ra^2+Xl^2)//impedance

+Ia=V/Za

+phi_a=atand(Xl/Ra)

+//for branch B

+R=25//resistance

+Zb=R//impedance

+Ib=V/Zb

+phi_b=0

+mprintf("Current in branch A, Ia=%f A lagging the applied voltage by %f degrees\nCurrent in branch B, Ib=%f A in phase with applied voltage\n",Ia, phi_a,Ib)

+//calculating current drawn by the circuit

+Ia=pol2rect(Ia,phi_a)

+Ib=pol2rect(Ib,0)

+I=Ia+Ib

+mprintf("Total current drawn by the circuit=%f A\n", mag(I))

+phi=atand(imag(I)/real(I))

+mprintf("Phase angle of combination=%f degrees and power factor =%f lagging",phi,cos(phi*%pi/180))

diff --git a/2252/CH8/EX8.10/Ex8_10.sce b/2252/CH8/EX8.10/Ex8_10.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f4e72beb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH8/EX8.10/Ex8_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+

+function[r,theta]=rect2pol(A)

+    x=real(A)

+    y=imag(A)

+    r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)

+    theta=atand(y/x)

+endfunction

+function[z]=pol2rect(r,theta)

+    x=r*cos(theta*%pi/180)

+    y=r*sin(theta*%pi/180)

+    z=x+y*%i

+endfunction

+function[r]=mag(A)

+    x=real(A)

+    y=imag(A)

+    r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)

+endfunction

+j=%i

+//calculating impedance of overall circuit

+Za=2+0*j//impedance of branch A

+Zb=3+4*j//impedance of branch B

+Zab=Za*Zb/(Za+Zb)//equivalent impedances of branches A and B

+Zc=2-2*j

+Z1=Zab*Zc/(Zab+Zc)//equivalent impedance of parallel circuit

+Zd=1+1*j//impedance of branch D

+Z=Z1+Zd

+[Z theta]=rect2pol(Z)

+mprintf("Total impedance of overall circuit=%f ohm at angle %f degrees\n", Z,theta)

+//calculating current taken by overall circuit

+V=110//voltage applied to the overall circuit

+I=V/Z

+mprintf("Current taken by the overall circuit=%f A\n", I)

+//Calculating power consumed in each branch and total power consumed

+Id=I//current in the series branch

+Rd=1//resistance of branch D

+Pd=I^2*Rd//power consumed by branch D

+Ia=I*mag(Z1)/mag(Za)//current in branch A

+Ib=I*mag(Z1)/mag(Zb)//current in branch B

+Ic=I*mag(Z1)/mag(Zc)//current in branch C

+Ra=2

+Pa=Ia^2*Ra

+Rb=3

+Pb=Ib^2*Rb

+Rc=2

+Pc=Ic^2*Rc

+P=Pa+Pb+Pc+Pd

+mprintf("Power consumed by branch A=%f W,\nPower consumed by branch B=%f W,\nPower consumed by branch C=%f W,\nPower consumed by branch D=%f W,\nTotal power consumed=%f W",Pa,Pb,Pc,Pd,P)

+//The answers vary from the textbook due to round off error

diff --git a/2252/CH8/EX8.11/Ex8_11.sce b/2252/CH8/EX8.11/Ex8_11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..84e1df88b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH8/EX8.11/Ex8_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+

+function[r,theta]=rect2pol(A)

+    x=real(A)

+    y=imag(A)

+    r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)

+    theta=atand(y/x)

+endfunction

+function[r]=mag(A)

+    x=real(A)

+    y=imag(A)

+    r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)

+endfunction

+j=%i

+//using Maxwell's mesh analysis

+//refer Fig.8.14 in the textbook

+//considering mesh FDCEF, (18+8*j)*I1-(10+8*j)*I2=24

+//considering mesh ABCDA, (10+8*j)*I1-(14+10*j)*I2=0

+a=[18+8*j -(10+8*j);10+8*j -(14+10*j)]

+b=[24;0]

+x=inv(a)*b

+I1=x(1,1)

+I2=x(2,1)

+[I2 theta]=rect2pol(I2)

+mprintf("By Maxwell Mesh Analysis, current in branch AB of the circuit shown is %f A, lagging the applied voltage by %f degrees\n",I2, -theta)

+//using thevenin's theorem

+//refer Fig.8.14(a),(b) and (c)

+Zth=8*(10+8*j)/(8+10+8*j)+(-4*j)//thevenin's impedance

+//for calculating the equivalent Thevenin's voltage Vth, I1 be the current flowing in the branch CD

+I1=24/(8+10+8*j)

+Vth=I1*(10+8*j)//equivalent thevenin's voltage

+I=Vth/((4+6*j+Zth))

+[I theta]=rect2pol(I)

+mprintf("By Thevenin Theorem, current in the branch AB is %f A lagging the voltage by %f degrees\n",I,-theta)

diff --git a/2252/CH8/EX8.12/Ex8_12.sce b/2252/CH8/EX8.12/Ex8_12.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b95c37a56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH8/EX8.12/Ex8_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+

+function[r]=mag(A)

+    x=real(A)

+    y=imag(A)

+    r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)

+endfunction

+j=%i

+V=200

+//calculating supply frequency

+L=.1//inductance of branch A

+//Xa=2*%pi*f*.1

+Ra=10//resistance of branch A

+C=150D-6//capacitance of branch B

+//Xb=1/(2*%pi*f*150D-6)

+Rb=0//resistance of branch B

+//Zb=-Xb*j 

+//total current I=Ia+Ib, total current is in phase with voltage-->j component of I=0

+//on solving for f,

+f=sqrt((V*2*%pi*L)*(1/(2*%pi*C))/V-Ra^2)/(2*%pi*L)

+mprintf("Frequency of the supply which is also the resonant frequency, f=%f Hz\n", f)

+Xa=2*%pi*f*.1

+Za=Ra+Xa*j

+Ia=V/Za

+Xb=1/(2*%pi*f*150D-6)

+Zb=-Xb*j

+Ib=V/Zb

+I=Ia+Ib

+mprintf("Total current drawn by the circuit=%f A", mag(I))

+//The answers vary from the textbook due to round off error

diff --git a/2252/CH8/EX8.13/Ex8_13.sce b/2252/CH8/EX8.13/Ex8_13.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..cb2856476
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH8/EX8.13/Ex8_13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+

+function[r,theta]=rect2pol(A)

+    x=real(A)

+    y=imag(A)

+    r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)

+    theta=atand(y/x)

+endfunction

+function[r]=mag(A)

+    x=real(A)

+    y=imag(A)

+    r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)

+endfunction

+j=%i

+//calculating branch currents

+Z1=15+12*j//impedance of branch 1

+I1=200/Z1

+phi1=atand(12/15)

+Z2=25-17*j//impedance of branch 2

+I2=200/Z2

+phi2=atand(17/25)

+mprintf("I1=%f A at angle of %f degrees\nI2=%f A at angle of %f degrees\n",mag(I1),phi1,mag(I2),phi2)

+//calculating total current

+I=I1+I2

+[I phi]=rect2pol(I)

+mprintf("Total current drawn by the circuit I=%f A, angle of lag=%f degrees and power factor=%f lagging\n",I,-phi,cos(phi*%pi/180))

+//power factor is to be raised to unity-a capacitor has to be connected in parallel

+//at unity power factor, imaginary part of I must be zero

+Xc=-200/imag(I1+I2)

+f=40

+C=1/(2*%pi*f*Xc)

+mprintf("If power factor is to be raised to unity-a capacitor of %f microF has to be connected in parallel to given circuit", C*1D+6)

diff --git a/2252/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.sce b/2252/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d20d9c86c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH8/EX8.2/Ex8_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+

+function[r,theta]=rect2pol(A)

+    x=real(A)

+    y=imag(A)

+    r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)

+    theta=atand(y/x)

+endfunction

+function[z]=pol2rect(r,theta)

+    x=r*cos(theta*%pi/180)

+    y=r*sin(theta*%pi/180)

+    z=x+y*%i

+endfunction

+function[r]=mag(A)

+    x=real(A)

+    y=imag(A)

+    r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)

+endfunction

+//solving part (i)

+Xa=2*%pi*50*.1//inductive reactance of branch A

+Za=sqrt(50^2+Xa^2)

+Ia=230/Za

+phi_a=atand(Xa/50)//angle of lag of Ia w.r.t. applied voltage

+Ia=pol2rect(Ia,-phi_a)

+Xb=1/(2*%pi*50*100D-6)//capacitive reactance of branch B

+Zb=sqrt(45^2+Xb^2)

+Ib=230/Zb

+phi_b=atand(Xb/45)//angle of lead of Ib w.r.t. applied voltage

+Ib=pol2rect(Ib,phi_b)

+I=Ia+Ib

+mprintf("Current drawn by the circuit=%f A\n", mag(I))

+//calculating power factor

+phi=atan(imag(I)/real(I))//phase angle of the circuit

+pf=cos(phi)

+mprintf("Power factor of the circuit=%f(leading)\n",pf)

+//calculating power taken by the parallel circuit

+P=230*mag(I)*pf

+mprintf("Power taken by the parallel circuit=%d W", round(P))

+//The answers vary from the textbook due to round off error

diff --git a/2252/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.sce b/2252/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f55997510
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH8/EX8.3/Ex8_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+

+

+function[r,theta]=rect2pol(A)

+    x=real(A)

+    y=imag(A)

+    r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)

+    theta=atand(y/x)

+endfunction

+function[z]=pol2rect(r,theta)

+    x=r*cos(theta*%pi/180)

+    y=r*sin(theta*%pi/180)

+    z=x+y*%i

+endfunction

+function[r]=mag(A)

+    x=real(A)

+    y=imag(A)

+    r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)

+endfunction

+//calculating current in coil A

+Xa=2*%pi*50*.02//inductive reactance of coil A

+Za=sqrt(12^2+Xa^2)

+Ia=200/Za

+phi_a=atand(Xa/12)//angle of lag of Ia w.r.t. applied voltage

+mprintf("Ia=%f A, lagging the applied voltage by %f degrees\n", Ia, phi_a)

+//calculating current in coil B

+Xb=2*%pi*50*.03//inductive reactance of coil B

+Zb=sqrt(6^2+Xb^2)

+Ib=200/Zb

+phi_b=atand(Xb/6)//angle of lag of Ib w.r.t. applied voltage

+mprintf("Ib=%f A, lagging the applied voltage by %f degrees\n", Ib, phi_b)

+//calculating total current in the circuit

+Ia=pol2rect(Ia,-phi_a)

+Ib=pol2rect(Ib,-phi_b)

+I=Ia+Ib

+mprintf("Total current drawn by circuit=%f A lagging the applied voltage by %f degrees\n", mag(I),-atand(imag(I)/real(I)))

+//calculating total current when additional circuit is added

+Xc=1/(2*%pi*50*120D-6)//capacitive reactance

+Zc=sqrt(15^2+Xc^2)

+Ic=200/Zc

+phi_c=atand(Xc/15)//angle of lag of Ic w.r.t. applied voltage

+Ic=pol2rect(Ic,phi_c)

+I=Ia+Ib+Ic

+phi=atand(imag(I)/real(I))

+mprintf("For the new circuit, total current drawn=%f A lagging the applied voltage by %f degrees, i.e. pf=%f(lagging)", mag(I),-phi,cos(phi*%pi/180))

diff --git a/2252/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.sce b/2252/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8f48fa02f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH8/EX8.4/Ex8_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+

+function[r,theta]=rect2pol(A)

+    x=real(A)

+    y=imag(A)

+    r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)

+    theta=atand(y/x)

+endfunction

+function[z]=pol2rect(r,theta)

+    x=r*cos(theta*%pi/180)

+    y=r*sin(theta*%pi/180)

+    z=x+y*%i

+endfunction

+function[r]=mag(A)

+    x=real(A)

+    y=imag(A)

+    r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)

+endfunction

+//for coil A

+Ia=5//current taken

+Va=110//voltage applied

+Pa=300//power dissipated

+Ra=Pa/Ia^2

+Za=Va/Ia

+Xa=sqrt(Za^2-Ra^2)

+//for coil B

+Ib=5//current taken

+Vb=110//voltage applied

+Pb=400//power dissipated

+Rb=Pb/Ib^2

+Zb=Vb/Ib

+Xb=sqrt(Zb^2-Rb^2)

+//calculating current drawn and power factor when coils conected in series

+R=Ra+Rb

+Xl=Xa+Xb

+Z=sqrt(R^2+Xl^2)//impedance of series circuit

+I=Va/Z

+pf=R/Z

+mprintf("Current in the series circuit=%f A at pf=%f lagging\n", I,pf)

+//calculating current drawn and power factor when coils conected in parallel

+Ia=pol2rect(Ia,-acosd(Ra/Za))

+Ib=pol2rect(Ib,-acosd(Rb/Zb))

+I=Ia+Ib

+phi=atan(imag(I)/real(I))

+mprintf("Total current drawn by the parallel circuit=%f A at pf=%f(lagging)", mag(I),cos(phi))

+

+

+   

diff --git a/2252/CH8/EX8.5/Ex8_5.sce b/2252/CH8/EX8.5/Ex8_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a4933df80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH8/EX8.5/Ex8_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+

+function[r]=mag(A)

+    x=real(A)

+    y=imag(A)

+    r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)

+endfunction

+j=%i

+//solving part (i)

+//for coil 1

+Z1=5+2*%pi*50*.03*j//impedance

+Y1=1/Z1

+G1=real(Y1)

+B1=imag(Y1)

+mprintf("For coil 1,\nConductance=%f mho\nSuspectance=%f mho\nAdmittance=%f mho\n", G1,-B1,mag(Y1))

+//for coil 2

+Z2=3+2*%pi*50*.04*j//impedance

+Y2=1/Z2

+G2=real(Y2)

+B2=imag(Y2)

+mprintf("For coil 2,\nConductance=%f mho\nSuspectance=%f mho\nAdmittance=%f mho\n", G2,-B2,mag(Y2))

+//solving part(ii)

+Y=Y1+Y2//total admittance

+I=200*Y

+phi=atan(imag(I)/real(I))

+pf=cos(phi)

+mprintf("Total current drawn by the circuit=%f A at pf of %f(lagging)\n",mag(I),pf)

+//calculating power

+P=200*mag(I)*pf

+mprintf("Power absorbed by the circuit=%f W\n",P)

+//solving part(iv)

+Z=1/Y

+R=real(Z)

+Xl=imag(Z)

+L=Xl/(2*%pi*50)

+mprintf("R=%f ohm, L=%f H of single coil which will take the same current and power as taken by the original circuit",R,L)

+//answers vary from the textbook due to round off error

diff --git a/2252/CH8/EX8.6/Ex8_6.sce b/2252/CH8/EX8.6/Ex8_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..486ff171a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH8/EX8.6/Ex8_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+

+function[r]=mag(A)

+    x=real(A)

+    y=imag(A)

+    r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)

+endfunction

+j=%i

+//voltage V is taken as reference phasor

+Z1=5+10*j//impedance of inductive branch

+Z2=10-15*j//impedance of capacitive branch

+I=20//total current

+V=I/mag(1/Z1+1/Z2)

+mprintf("Applied voltage=%f V\n",V)

+//calculating power factor of total current

+I1=V/Z1

+I2=V/Z2

+I=I1+I2

+phi=atan(imag(I)/real(I))//angle of lag

+pf=cos(phi)

+mprintf("Power factor of the total circuit=%f(lagging)\n",pf)

+//calculating power taken by each branch

+R1=5//resistance of branch 1

+P1=mag(I1)^2*R1

+R2=10//resistance of branch 2

+P2=mag(I2)^2*R2

+mprintf("Power taken by inductive branch=%f W\nPower taken by capacitive branch=%f W", P1,P2)

+//answers vary from the textbook due to round off error

diff --git a/2252/CH8/EX8.7/Ex8_7.sce b/2252/CH8/EX8.7/Ex8_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..77e86860a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH8/EX8.7/Ex8_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+

+function[z]=pol2rect(r,theta)

+    x=r*cos(theta*%pi/180)

+    y=r*sin(theta*%pi/180)

+    z=x+y*%i

+endfunction

+function[r]=mag(A)

+    x=real(A)

+    y=imag(A)

+    r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)

+endfunction

+//for coil A

+Va=10//voltage applied

+Ia=2//current taken

+pf=.8//lagging power factor

+Ia=pol2rect(Ia,-acosd(pf))

+Za=Va/Ia//impedance

+//for coil B

+Vb=5//voltage applied

+Ib=2//current taken

+pf=.7//lagging power factor

+Ib=pol2rect(2,-acosd(pf))

+Zb=Vb/Ib//impedance

+//calculating voltage required to produce a current of 2 A with A and B in series

+I=2

+Z=Za+Zb//impedance of series circuit

+V=I*mag(Z)

+mprintf("Voltage required to produce a current of 2 A with A and B in series=%f V\n", V)

+//calculating voltage required to produce a current of 2 A with A and B in parallel

+Z=Za*Zb/(Za+Zb)//impedance of parallel circuit

+V=I*mag(Z)

+mprintf("Voltage required to produce a current of 2 A with A and B in parallel=%f V\n", V)

+//The answers vary from the textbook due to round off error

diff --git a/2252/CH8/EX8.8/Ex8_8.sce b/2252/CH8/EX8.8/Ex8_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8e2ee65eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH8/EX8.8/Ex8_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+

+//calculating value of unknown capacitance

+V=110//applied voltage

+R=30//resistance of resistive circuit

+Ir=V/R//Ohm's Law

+I=5//total current drawn

+Xc=V/sqrt(I^2-Ir^2)

+f=50//frequency of supply

+C=1/(2*%pi*f*Xc)

+mprintf("Capacitance=%f microF\n",C*10^6)

+//calculating unknown frequency

+I=4//total current drawn

+f=sqrt(I^2-Ir^2)/(V*2*%pi*C)

+mprintf("To decrease the total current to 4 A, the frequency of the supply should be adjusted to %f Hz",f)

+//The answers vary from the textbook due to round off error

diff --git a/2252/CH8/EX8.9/Ex8_9.sce b/2252/CH8/EX8.9/Ex8_9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b3664b036
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH8/EX8.9/Ex8_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+

+function[r]=mag(A)

+    x=real(A)

+    y=imag(A)

+    r=sqrt(x^2+y^2)

+endfunction

+

+j=%i

+R1=12//resistance of series circuit

+X1=2*%pi*50*.025//inductive reactance of the series circuit

+Z1=R1+X1*j

+pf1=R1/mag(Z1)//power factor of the series circuit(lagging)

+//the impedances and power factor of the parallel circuit are to be same as that of series circuit

+//on solving, we get, R*Xl/sqrt(R^2+Xl^2)=mag(Z1); Xl/(sqrt(R^2+Xl^2))=pf1

+R=mag(Z1)/pf1

+//solving for Xl

+Xl=pf1*R/sqrt(1-pf1^2)

+L=Xl/(2*%pi*50)

+mprintf("Resistance=%f ohm; Inductance=%f H\n",R,L)

+//calculating current in each case

+V=230//applied voltage

+I1=V/mag(Z1)

+mprintf("Current in series circuit=%f A\n",I1)

+I2=V/mag(Z1)

+mprintf("Current drawn by parallel circuit=%f A",I2)

+//The answers vary from the textbook due to round off error