initial commit / add all books

17 files changed, 306 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/2252/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.jpeg b/2252/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.jpeg
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4b24cd48e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.jpeg
diff --git a/2252/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.sce b/2252/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ec52e74ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH6/EX6.1/Ex6_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+

+//plotting graph for i1

+theta=linspace(0,2*%pi,100)

+i1=50*sin(theta)+50*sin(theta-%pi/4)

+plot(theta,i1)

+//plotting graph for i2

+theta=linspace(0,2*%pi,100)

+i2=50*cos(theta)+50*cos(theta+%pi/4)

+plot(theta,i2,"o")

+//plotting graph for i3

+i3=50*cos(theta)-20*sin(theta)

+plot(theta,i3,"-*")

+xtitle("Graphs of i1(-),i2(oo) and i3(-*)","theta","current")

+//round off error while plotting graphs

diff --git a/2252/CH6/EX6.10/Ex6_10.jpeg b/2252/CH6/EX6.10/Ex6_10.jpeg
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f42a7ddbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH6/EX6.10/Ex6_10.jpeg
diff --git a/2252/CH6/EX6.10/Ex6_10.sce b/2252/CH6/EX6.10/Ex6_10.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f0f56bd39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH6/EX6.10/Ex6_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+

+//the graph is drawn considering R=%pi

+R=%pi

+theta=linspace(-%pi,%pi,100)

+V=sqrt(R^2-theta^2)

+plot2d(theta,V)

+xtitle("Wave shape for example 6.10","theta","Voltage")

+theta=linspace(%pi,3*%pi,100)

+V=-sqrt(R^2-(theta-2*%pi)^2)

+plot2d(theta,V)

+

+Vrms=sqrt(integrate('(R^2-x^2)/(2*R)','x',-R,R))

+mprintf("RMS value of such a wave shape will be %f of its maximum voltage",Vrms/R)

diff --git a/2252/CH6/EX6.11/Ex6_11.sce b/2252/CH6/EX6.11/Ex6_11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e799a075b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH6/EX6.11/Ex6_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+

+//consider part (i)

+phi=%pi/12

+mprintf("For part (i)\nVoltage leads the current wave by %d degrees\n",round(phi*180/%pi))

+f=377.16/(2*%pi)

+mprintf("Frequency of the wave shape=%d Hz\n",f)

+//consider part (ii)

+phi=%pi/3

+mprintf("For part (ii)\nVoltage leads the current by %d degrees\n",round(phi*180/%pi))

+mprintf("Frequency of the wave shape=omega/(2*pi)\n")

+//consider part (iii)

+phi=0-(-%pi/2)

+mprintf("For part (iii)\nVoltage leads the current wave by %d degrees\n",round(phi*180/%pi))

+mprintf("Frequency of the wave shape=omega/pi\n")

+//consider part (iv)

+mprintf("For part (iv)\nCurrent wave lags the voltage by an angle=alpha+atan(x/R) and the frequency of this wave shape is omega/(2*pi)")

diff --git a/2252/CH6/EX6.13/Ex6_13.sce b/2252/CH6/EX6.13/Ex6_13.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..91df96886
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH6/EX6.13/Ex6_13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+

+V=230//applied voltage

+L=60D-3//inductance of coil

+f=50 //frequency of supply

+Xl=2*%pi*f*L

+I=230/Xl

+//if frequency is reduced to 20 Hz

+Xl=2*%pi*20*L

+I1=V/Xl

+mprintf("Current through the coil if frequency is reduced to 20 Hz=%f A\n",I1)

+//if frequency is increased to 60 Hz

+Xl=2*%pi*60*L

+I2=V/Xl

+mprintf("Current through the coil if frequency is increased to 60 Hz=%f A\n",I2)

+//if frequency is increased to 100 Hz

+Xl=2*%pi*100*L

+I3=V/Xl

+mprintf("Current through the coil if frequency is increased to 100 Hz=%f A\n",I3)

+

+

+

+

+

diff --git a/2252/CH6/EX6.14/Ex6_14.sce b/2252/CH6/EX6.14/Ex6_14.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ab057bb0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH6/EX6.14/Ex6_14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+

+//calculating reactance of capacitor

+C=100D-6

+Xc=1/(2*%pi*50*C)

+mprintf("Capacitive reactance,Xc=%f ohm\n",Xc)

+//calculating RMS value of current

+V=200

+Irms=V/Xc

+mprintf("RMS value of current=%f A\n",Irms)

+//calculating max current

+Imax=Irms*sqrt(2)

+mprintf("Maximum current=%f A",Imax)

diff --git a/2252/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce b/2252/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8a19c6e55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH6/EX6.2/Ex6_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+

+

+//i=Imax*sin(2*%pi*f*t)

+Imax=100//max value of current

+f=25//frequency in Hz

+//calculating time after which current becomes 20 A

+i=20

+t=asin(i/Imax)/(2*%pi*f)

+mprintf("Time after which current becomes 20 A=%f sec\n",t)

+//calculating time after which current becomes 50 A

+i=50

+t=asin(i/Imax)/(2*%pi*f)

+mprintf("Time after which current becomes 50 A=%f sec\n",t)

+//calculating time after which current becomes 100 A

+i=100

+t=asin(i/Imax)/(2*%pi*f)

+mprintf("Time after which current becomes 100 A=%f sec\n",t)

diff --git a/2252/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce b/2252/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1dff2465e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH6/EX6.3/Ex6_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+

+//calculating instantaneous voltage at .005 sec after the wave passes through zero in positive direction

+f=50//frequency

+Emax=350//max value of voltage

+t=.005

+e1=Emax*sin(2*%pi*f*t)

+mprintf("Voltage at .005 sec after the wave passes through zero in positive direction=%d V\n",e1)

+//calculating instantaneous voltage at .008 sec after the wave passes through zero in negative direction

+t=.008

+e2=-Emax*sin(2*%pi*f*t)

+mprintf("Voltage at .008 sec after the wave passes through zero in negative direction=%f V",e2)

+

diff --git a/2252/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.sce b/2252/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9b1d85eb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH6/EX6.4/Ex6_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+

+//e=100*sin(100*%pi*t)

+//calculating rate of change of voltage at t=.0025 sec

+t=.0025

+r1=10000*%pi*cos(100*%pi*t)

+mprintf("Rate of change of voltage at .0025 sec=%f V/sec\n",r1)

+//calculating rate of change of voltage at t=.005 sec

+t=.005

+r2=10000*%pi*cos(100*%pi*t)

+mprintf("Rate of change of voltage at .005 sec=%d V/sec\n",r2)

+//calculating rate of change of voltage at t=.01 sec

+t=.01

+r3=10000*%pi*cos(100*%pi*t)

+mprintf("Rate of change of voltage at .01 sec=%f V/sec\n",r3)

+//error in textbook answer in first and last case

diff --git a/2252/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce b/2252/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..89fde7293
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH6/EX6.5/Ex6_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+

+

+//calculating greatest rate of change of current

+//i=50*sin(100*%pi*t)

+mprintf("Greatest rate of change of current=%f A/sec\n",50*100*%pi)

+//calculating average value of current

+f=50//frequency of the wave

+T=1/f

+Imean=1/.01*integrate("50*sin(100*%pi*t)","t",0,T/2)

+mprintf("Average value of the given current=%f A\n",Imean)

+Irms=sqrt(integrate("(50*sin(theta))^2","theta",0,2*%pi)/(2*%pi))

+mprintf("RMS value of current=%f A\n",Irms)

+//calculating time interval between a maximum value and next zero value

+t=(%pi/2)/(100*%pi)

+mprintf("Time interval between a maximum value and the next zero value is %f sec to %f sec",t,2*t)

+//value of greatest rate of change of current is given wrong in the textbook due to approximation

diff --git a/2252/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.jpeg b/2252/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.jpeg
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f01531de8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.jpeg
diff --git a/2252/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.sce b/2252/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f6d351b2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH6/EX6.6/Ex6_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+

+i=linspace(0,0,2)

+t=linspace(0,1,2)

+plot2d(t,i)

+for j=0:3

+    i=linspace(40+20*j,40+20*j,2)

+    t=linspace(j+1,j+2,2)

+    plot2d(t,i)

+    if j==0 then

+        t=linspace(j+1,j+1,2)

+        i=linspace(0,40,2)

+        plot2d(t,i)

+    else 

+        t=linspace(j+1,j+1,2)

+        i=linspace(40+20*(j-1),40+20*j,2)

+        plot2d(t,i)

+    end

+end

+for j=1:3

+    i=linspace(100-20*j,100-20*j,2)

+    t=linspace(j+4,j+5,2)

+    plot2d(t,i)

+    i=linspace(100-20*(j-1),100-20*j,2)

+    t=linspace(j+4,j+4,2)

+    plot2d(t,i)

+end

+i=linspace(40,0,2)

+t=linspace(8,8,2)

+plot2d(t,i)

+i=linspace(0,0,2)

+t=linspace(8,9,2)

+plot2d(t,i)

+for j=0:3

+    i=linspace(-(40+20*j),-(40+20*j),2)

+    t=linspace(j+9,j+10,2)

+    plot2d(t,i)

+    if j==0 then

+        t=linspace(j+9,j+9,2)

+        i=linspace(0,-40,2)

+        plot2d(t,i)

+    else 

+        t=linspace(j+9,j+9,2)

+        i=linspace(-40-20*(j-1),-40-20*j,2)

+        plot2d(t,i)

+end

+end

+for j=1:3

+    i=linspace(-(100-20*j),-(100-20*j),2)

+    t=linspace(j+12,j+13,2)

+    plot2d(t,i)

+    i=linspace(-100+20*(j-1),-100+20*j,2)

+    t=linspace(j+12,j+12,2)

+    plot2d(t,i)

+end

+i=linspace(0,-40,2)

+t=linspace(16,16,2)

+plot2d(t,i)

+xtitle("Periodic current wave for example 6.6","time in seconds","current")

+

+//calculating average value for this wave shape

+Iavg=(0+40+60+80+100+80+60+40)/8

+mprintf("Average value of current of given wave shape=%f A\n",Iavg)

+//calculating RMS value for the given wave shape

+Irms=sqrt((0^2+40^2+60^2+80^2+100^2+80^2+60^2+40^2)/8)

+mprintf("RMS value of current of given wave shape=%f A\n",Irms)

+//calculating form factor

+x=Irms/Iavg

+mprintf("Form factor of given wave form=%f\n",x)

+//calculating peak factor

+Imax=100//maximum value of current wave

+y=Imax/Irms

+mprintf("Peak factor of given wave=%f\n",y)

+//calculating average and RMS value of current considering the wave to be sinusoidal having peak value of 100 A

+Iavg=integrate('100/%pi*sin(theta)','theta',0,%pi)

+mprintf("Average value of sine wave=%f A\n",Iavg)

+Irms=sqrt(integrate('(100*sin(theta))^2/%pi','theta',0,%pi))

+mprintf("RMS value of sine wave=%f A",Irms)

diff --git a/2252/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.jpeg b/2252/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.jpeg
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..88232775e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.jpeg
diff --git a/2252/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.sce b/2252/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..95d8b768f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH6/EX6.7/Ex6_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+

+theta=linspace(0,2*%pi,100)

+i=10+10*sin(theta)//expression for the resultant wave

+plot2d(theta,i)

+xtitle("Wave shape for example 6.7","theta","current")

+

+//calculating average value of the resultant wave

+Iavg=integrate('10+10*sin(theta)','theta',0,2*%pi)/(2*%pi)

+mprintf("Average value of the resultant current wave=%d A\n",Iavg) 

+//calculating RMS value of current of the resultant wave

+Irms=sqrt(integrate('(10+10*sin(theta))^2','theta',0,2*%pi)/(2*%pi))

+mprintf("RMS value of the resultant current wave=%f A",Irms)

diff --git a/2252/CH6/EX6.8/Ex6_8.sce b/2252/CH6/EX6.8/Ex6_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..8a8cd3ddd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH6/EX6.8/Ex6_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+

+theta=linspace(0,2*%pi,100)

+i=50*sin(theta)

+xset('window',0)

+plot2d(theta,i)

+xtitle("Current wave shape for example 6.8-->(a)","theta","current")

+

+xset('window',1)

+theta=linspace(0,%pi,100)

+i=50*sin(theta)

+plot2d(theta,i)

+theta=linspace(%pi,2*%pi,100)

+i=-50*sin(theta)

+plot2d(theta,i)

+xtitle("Current wave shape for example 6.8-->(b)","theta","current")

+

+xset('window',2)

+theta=linspace(0,0,2)

+i=linspace(0,50,2)

+plot2d(theta,i)

+theta=linspace(0,%pi,2)

+i=linspace(50,50,2)

+plot2d(theta,i)

+theta=linspace(%pi,%pi,2)

+i=linspace(50,-50,2)

+plot2d(theta,i)

+theta=linspace(%pi,2*%pi,2)

+i=linspace(-50,-50,2)

+plot2d(theta,i)

+i=linspace(-50,0,2)

+theta=linspace(2*%pi,2*%pi,2)

+plot2d(theta,i)

+xtitle("Current wave shape for example 6.8-->(c)","theta","current")

+

+xset('window',3)

+theta=linspace(0,%pi/2,2)

+i=linspace(0,50,2)

+plot2d(theta,i)

+theta=linspace(%pi/2,%pi,2)

+i=linspace(50,0,2)

+plot2d(theta,i)

+theta=linspace(%pi,3*%pi/2,2)

+i=linspace(0,-50,2)

+plot2d(theta,i)

+theta=linspace(3*%pi/2,2*%pi,2)

+i=linspace(-50,0,2)

+plot2d(theta,i)

+xtitle("Current wave shape for example 6.8-->(d)","theta","current")

+

+//consider wave shape (a)

+mprintf("For wave shape (a)\nAs the negative and positive parts of the wave are equal, reading of moving coil ammeter is zero\n")

+Irms=sqrt(integrate('(50*sin(theta))^2','theta',0,2*%pi)/(2*%pi))

+mprintf("Reading of moving iron ammeter=%f A\n",Irms)

+

+//consider wave shape (b)

+Iavg=integrate('50*sin(theta)','theta',0,%pi)/%pi

+mprintf("For wave shape (b)\nReading on the moving coil ammeter=%f A\n",Iavg)

+Irms=sqrt(integrate('(50*sin(theta))^2','theta',0,2*%pi)/(2*%pi))

+mprintf("Reading on moving iron ammeter=%f A\n",Irms)

+

+//consider case (c)

+mprintf("For wave shape (c)\nAverage value over one complete period is clearly zero. Thus reading on moving coil ammeter is zero. As the value of current remains constant at 50 A during various intervals, RMS value will be 50 A only. Hence, reading on moving iron ammeter=50 A\n")

+

+//consider case(d)

+Iavg=(0+10+20+30+40+50++40+30+20+10+0+(-10)+(-20)+(-30)+(-40)+(-50)+(-40)+(-30)+(-20)+(-10)+0)/20

+mprintf("For wave shape (d)\nReading on moving coil ammeter=%d\n",Iavg)

+Irms=sqrt((0^2+10^2+20^2+30^2+40^2+50^2+40^2+30^2+20^2+10^2+0^2+(-10)^2+(-20)^2+(-30)^2+(-40)^2+(-50)^2+(-40)^2+(-30)^2+(-20)^2+(-10)^2+0^2)/20)

+mprintf("Reading on moving iron ammeter=%f A\n",Irms)

diff --git a/2252/CH6/EX6.9/Ex6_9.sce b/2252/CH6/EX6.9/Ex6_9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..bf3f1b42a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2252/CH6/EX6.9/Ex6_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+

+//let us assume V=1 V, T=1 sec

+//e=V*t/T

+V=1

+T=1

+Erms=sqrt(integrate("(V*t/T)^2","t",0, T)/T)

+mprintf("RMS value of voltage is %f times maximum voltage\n",Erms/V)

+Emean=integrate("V*t/T","t",0,T)/T

+k=Erms/Emean

+mprintf("Form factor of this wave=%f",k)

+