initial commit / add all books

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diff --git a/213/CH15/EX15.11/15_11.sce b/213/CH15/EX15.11/15_11.sce
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+//To find force, load, thrust and speed

+clc

+//Given:

+D=100/1000, L=120/1000, r=L/2, l=250/1000 //m

+mR=1.1 //kg

+N=2000 //rpm

+theta=20 //degrees

+p=700 //kN/m^2

+//Solution:

+//Calculating the angular speed of the crank

+omega=2*%pi*N/60 //rad/s

+//Net force on the piston:

+//Calculating the force due to gas pressure

+FL=p*%pi/4*D^2 //kN

+//Calculating the ratio of lengths of the connecting rod and crank

+n=l/r

+//Calculating the inertia force on the piston

+FI=round(mR*omega^2*r*(cosd(theta)+cosd(2*theta)/n)) //N

+//Calculating the net force on the piston

+FP=(FL*1000)-FI+mR*9.81 //N

+//Resultant force on the gudgeon pin:

+//Calculating the angle of inclination of the connecting rod to the line of stroke

+phi=asind(sind(theta)/n) //degrees

+//Calculating the resultant load on the gudgeon pin

+FQ=round(FP/cosd(phi)) //N

+//Calculating the thrust on the cylinder walls

+FN=FP*tand(phi) //N

+//Speed, above which, the gudgeon pin load would be reversed in direction:

+//Calculating the minimum speed for FP to be negative

+omega1=sqrt((FL*1000+mR*9.81)/(mR*r*(cosd(theta)+cosd(2*theta)/n))) //rad/s

+//Calculating the corresponding speed in rpm

+N1=omega1*60/(2*%pi) //rpm

+//Results:

+printf("\n\n Net force on the piston, FP = %.1f N.\n\n",FP)

+printf(" Resultant load on the gudgeon pin, FQ = %d N.\n\n",FQ)

+printf(" Thrust on the cylinder walls, FN = %.1f N.\n\n",FN)

+printf(" Speed, above which, the gudgeon pin load would be reversed in direction, N1 > %d rpm.\n\n",N1)
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