initial commit / add all books

10 files changed, 247 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/1904/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.sce b/1904/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..7046b5874
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1904/CH4/EX4.1/4_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//To determine the constant K for 16kV feeder

+//Page 201

+clc;

+clear;

+

+//Conductor Pararmeters

+r=1.503;

+xa=0.609;

+xd=0.1366;

+pf=0.9;

+Vb=2400;

+Vr=Vb;

+x=xa+xd;

+Kc=0.01; //From the Curve

+

+K=((r*pf)+(x+sind(acosd(pf))))*(1000/3)*100/(Vr*Vb); // In Percent

+

+printf('\na) The Value of Constant K is %g percent VDpu per kVA mile\n',K)

+printf('b) From the precalculated per cent voltage drop Curve, It is found that the K is \n%g percent VDpu per kVA mile which is same as the answer obtained in part a\n',Kc)

diff --git a/1904/CH4/EX4.10/4_10.sce b/1904/CH4/EX4.10/4_10.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..34c34c120
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1904/CH4/EX4.10/4_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//To find the substation spacing and load on transformers

+//Page 217

+clc;

+clear;

+

+D=500; //Load Density in kVA per sq.miles

+Vl=12.47; //Line Voltage in kV

+N=2; //Feeders per substation

+//From Table A-5 Appendix A it Current Ampacity can be found

+

+Imax=340;

+

+S2=sqrt(3)*Vl*Imax; //Load Per Feeder

+

+l2=sqrt(S2/D); //Length of the feeder

+S=2*l2; //Substation Spacing

+TS2=S2*N; //Total Load on substation

+

+printf('\nThe Parts a,b and c of thhis question cannot be coded\n')

+printf('d) The substation size and spacing is %g kVA and %g miles\n',TS2,S)

+

+

diff --git a/1904/CH4/EX4.11/4_11.sce b/1904/CH4/EX4.11/4_11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..440827b63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1904/CH4/EX4.11/4_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+//To Compare the method of service area coverage with four feeders

+//Page 221

+clc;

+clear;

+

+Ts=1; //Assumed Load on station

+K=1; //Assumption Constant

+K2=K;

+K4=K;

+D=1;//Assumption Load Density

+//Number of feeders

+N2=2;

+N4=4;

+S2=Ts/N2; //Load per feeder //Two feeders

+S4=Ts/N4; //Load per feeder //4 feeders

+l=poly(0,'l'); //Variable Value of length

+L2eff=1*l/3;

+L4eff=2*l/3;

+

+deff('x=VD(y)','x=D*(l^2)*K*y') //Function to find VD

+

+VD2=VD(L2eff);

+VD4=VD(L4eff);

+RVD=VD2/VD4;

+X=l-RVD;

+RVD=1/roots(X(2)); //To find the ratio of (l2^3)/(l4^3)

+

+Rl=nthroot(RVD,3); //Ratio of length of feeder for 2 feeders two by length of feeder for 4 feeders

+

+//A is directly proportional to l^2

+RA=(Rl^2);

+

+//TSn is directly proportional to n and l^2

+RTS=(N2/N4)*(Rl^2);

+

+printf('\na) Ratio of substation spacings = 2l2/2l4 = %g\n',Rl)

+printf('b) Ratio of areas covered per feeder main = A2/A4 = %g\n',RA)

+printf('c) Ratio of substation loads = TS2/TS4 = %g\n',RTS)

diff --git a/1904/CH4/EX4.2/4_2.sce b/1904/CH4/EX4.2/4_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..afa20b8f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1904/CH4/EX4.2/4_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//To Calculate the percent voltage drop in the main for a lumped load

+//Page 202

+clc;

+clear;

+

+K=0.01; //Percentage Value

+Sn=500; //Load in kVA

+pf=0.9; //Lagging

+s=1; //Length of the feeder

+VD=s*K*Sn; //Voltage drop in percent

+

+printf('The Percent Voltage drop in the Main is %g percent\n',VD)

diff --git a/1904/CH4/EX4.3/4_3.sce b/1904/CH4/EX4.3/4_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f77e8f2e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1904/CH4/EX4.3/4_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//To Calculate percent voltage drop in the main for a uniformly distributed load

+//Page 203

+clc;

+clear;

+

+K=0.01; //Percentage Value

+Sn=500; //Load in kVA

+pf=0.9; //Lagging

+l=1; //Total Length of the feeder

+s=l/2; //effective Length of the feeder

+VD=s*K*Sn; //Voltage drop in percent

+

+printf('The Percent Voltage drop in the Main is %g percent\n',VD)

diff --git a/1904/CH4/EX4.4/4_4.sce b/1904/CH4/EX4.4/4_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..03e7bc1eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1904/CH4/EX4.4/4_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//To Calculate percent voltage drop in the main for a uniformly increasing load

+//Page 203

+clc;

+clear;

+

+K=0.01; //Percentage Value

+Sn=500; //Load in kVA

+pf=0.9; //Lagging

+l=1; //Total Length of the feeder

+s=l*2/3; //effective Length of the feeder

+VD=s*K*Sn; //Voltage drop in percent

+

+printf('The Percent Voltage drop in the Main is %g percent\n',VD)

diff --git a/1904/CH4/EX4.5/4_5.sce b/1904/CH4/EX4.5/4_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..99808961b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1904/CH4/EX4.5/4_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//To Compare the results the percent voltage drop ratio for different loading

+//Page 204

+clc;

+clear;

+

+//Voltage Drops in Percentage

+VDlumped=5; 

+VDuniform=2.5;

+VDincreasing=3.333;

+

+//Ratio of the percent voltage drops

+Rlu=VDlumped/VDuniform;

+Rli=VDlumped/VDincreasing;

+Riu=VDincreasing/VDuniform;

+

+printf('\na) Percent VDlumped = %g Percent VDuniform\n',Rlu)

+printf('b) Percent VDlumped = %g Percent VDincreasing\n',Rli)

+printf('c) Percent VDincreasing = %g Percent VDuniform\n',Riu)

diff --git a/1904/CH4/EX4.6/4_6.sce b/1904/CH4/EX4.6/4_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c1f8fc273
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1904/CH4/EX4.6/4_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+//To determine the substation parameters for various Load densities

+//Page 208

+clc;

+clear;

+

+D=[500,500,2000,2000,10000,10000,2000,2000]; //Load Densities in kVA/sq.miles

+TAn=[6,6,3,3,1,1,15,15]; //Substation Area in sq.miles

+VD=[3,6,3,6,3,6,3,6]; //Maximum Total Primary Feeder Voltage drops in percentage

+Vll=[4.16,4.16,4.16,4.16,4.16,4.16,13.2,13.2]; //Base Feeder Voltage in kV

+

+TSn=D.*TAn; //Susbstation Load

+//From the Graphs of feeders vs load desity in the textbook; The Number of feeders are found to be

+

+n=[4,2,5,3,5,4,6,5]; //No of feeders

+

+//Also from the graph, The characteristic or the feeder is determined

+//1-5, 7 are VDL feeders

+//6 and 8 are TL feeders

+

+Sn=TSn./n; //Load Per Feeder

+//To Determine the Load Current

+Il=Sn./(sqrt(3).*Vll); 

+

+printf('\na)')

+printf('\nThe Substation Size is\n')

+disp(TSn)

+printf('\nThe Number of Feeders from the Curve is\n')

+disp(n)

+printf('\nAlso From the Curve, 1,2,3,4,5,7 cases are VDL but 6 and 8 case are TL\n')

+printf('\na)')

+printf('\nThe Load Current for 6th Case is %g A, which is less than the ampacities of the main but \nmore than that of the lateral, Hence it is thermally limited but not the main feeder\n',Il(6))

+printf('\nThe Load Current for 8th Case is %g A, which is less than the ampacities of the main but \nmore than that of the lateral, Hence it is thermally limited but not the main feeder\n',Il(8))

diff --git a/1904/CH4/EX4.7/4_7.sce b/1904/CH4/EX4.7/4_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c08f52226
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1904/CH4/EX4.7/4_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+//To Find feeder properties of TL and VDL

+//Page 211

+clc;

+clear;

+

+D=1000; //Load Density in kVA per sq miles

+Vll=4.16; //Line to Lien voltage in kV

+//From The Tables and Curves from the Theory

+K=0.007;

+//For TL

+TLImax=230; //Maximum Feeder Current

+TLSn=sqrt(3)*Vll*TLImax; //Maximum Load Per Feeder

+TLn=4; //No of Feeders

+TLTSn=TLn*TLSn; //Substation Load

+TLl4=sqrt(TLSn/D); //Feeder Length

+TLS=2*TLl4; //Total Spacing

+

+TLVDn=2*K*D*(TLl4^3)/3; //TotalVoltageDrop in the main

+

+//For VDL

+VDLVDn=3; //Percent Voltage Drop

+VDLl4=nthroot((3*VDLVDn/(2*K*D)),3); //Feeder Length

+VDLS=2*VDLl4; //Station size

+VDLSn=D*(VDLl4^2); //Maximum Load Per Feeder

+VDLn=TLn; //Number Of Feeders

+VDLTSn=VDLn*VDLSn; //Susbtation Load

+VDLImax=VDLSn/(sqrt(3)*Vll); //Ampere Rating of the Main

+R=VDLImax/TLImax; //Ampere Loading

+

+printf('\na) For Thermally Limited \n')

+printf('i) The Substation Size = %g kVA\n',TLTSn)

+printf('ii) Substation Spacing = %g miles\n',TLS)

+printf('iii) Maximum Load Per Feeder = %g kVA\n',TLSn)

+printf('iv) The Voltage Drop is %g percent\n',TLVDn)

+

+printf('\nb) For Voltage Drop Limited \n')

+printf('i) The Substation Size = %g kVA\n',VDLTSn)

+printf('ii) Substation Spacing = %g miles\n',VDLS)

+printf('iii) Maximum Load Per Feeder = %g kVA\n',VDLSn)

+printf('iv) Ampere Loading of the Main is %g pu\n',R)

+

+//Note The Approximation to 750 kVA

diff --git a/1904/CH4/EX4.8/4_8.sce b/1904/CH4/EX4.8/4_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..34d1e9a7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1904/CH4/EX4.8/4_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+//To determine the better susbstation site

+//Page 213

+clc;

+clear;

+DivF=1.2; //Diversity Factor

+DemF=0.6; //Demand Factor

+CL=2000; //Connected Load Density in kVA per sq.miles

+

+DD=DemF*CL/DivF; //Diversified Demand

+A=4; //Area of the Substation

+

+TSn=DD*A; //Peak Loads of A and B

+Sm=TSn; //Peak Loads

+

+//Constants for different conductors

+Km=0.0004;

+Kl=0.00095;

+//Number of Laterals

+Na=16; //Site A 

+Nb=32; //Site B

+

+//Length of the Main

+La=2;

+Lb=3;

+//length of laterals

+Lla=2;

+Llb=1;

+//Length of expres Load

+Le=1;

+Leffb=Le+((Lb-Le)/2); //Effective Length of the feeder in site B

+//Voltage drops

+VDa=(La*Km*Sm/2)+(Lla*Kl*Sm/(Na*2));

+VDb=(Leffb*Km*Sm)+(Llb*Kl*Sm/(Nb*2));

+

+printf('\nThe Voltage drop in Site A is %g percent\n',VDa)

+printf('The Voltage drop in Site B is %g percent\n',VDb)

+printf('Comparing the results we find Site A suitable due to its less percent voltage drop\n')

+VDb=(La*Km*Sm/2)+(Lla*Kl*Sm/Na);