initial commit / add all books

26 files changed, 351 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.1/Ch04Ex1.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.1/Ch04Ex1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c014233b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.1/Ch04Ex1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.1:: Page-4.5 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+ip = 60;    // Polarizing angle, degrees

+mu = tand(ip);  // Refractive index of the material from Brewster's law 

+printf("\nThe refractive index of the material = %5.3f", mu);

+

+// Result 

+// The refractive index of the material = 1.732 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.10/Ch04Ex10.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.10/Ch04Ex10.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..58716a7da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.10/Ch04Ex10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.10:: Page-4.23 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+mu_o = 1.658;   // Refractive index of ordinary wave

+mu_e = 1.486;   // Refractive index of extraordinary wave

+lambda = 5893e-008; // Wavelength of light used, m

+// As (mu_o - mu_e)*t = lambda/4, solving for t

+t = lambda/(4*(mu_o - mu_e));   // Thickness of quarter-wave plate, cm

+

+printf("\nThe thickness of quarter-wave plate = %3.1e cm", t);

+

+// Result 

+// The thickness of quarter-wave plate = 8.6e-005 cm 

+

+ 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.11/Ch04Ex11.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.11/Ch04Ex11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6b9f86d16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.11/Ch04Ex11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.11:: Page-4.23 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+mu_o = 1.5442;   // Refractive index of ordinary wave

+mu_e = 1.5533;   // Refractive index of extraordinary wave

+lambda = 5000e-008; // Wavelength of light used, m

+// As (mu_o - mu_e)*t = lambda/4, solving for t

+t = lambda/(4*(mu_e - mu_o));   // Least thickness of plate for which emergent beam is plane polarised, cm

+

+printf("\nThe least thickness of plate for which emergent beam is plane polarised = %4.2e cm", t);

+

+// Result 

+// The least thickness of plate for which emergent beam is plane polarised = 1.37e-003 cm 

+

+ 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.12/Ch04Ex12.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.12/Ch04Ex12.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ff5f86759
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.12/Ch04Ex12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.12:: Page-4.23 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+lambda = 5893e-008; // Wavelength of light used, m

+t = 0.005;   // Thickness of the crystal, cm

+// As for quarter wave plate, mu_diff*t = (mu_o - mu_e)*t = lambda/4, solving for mu_diff

+mu_diff = lambda/(4*t);     // The difference in refractive indices of rays, cm

+printf("\nThe least thickness of plate for which emergent beam is plane polarised = %4.2e cm", mu_diff);

+

+// Result 

+// The least thickness of plate for which emergent beam is plane polarised = 2.95e-003 cm 

+

+ 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.13/Ch04Ex13.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.13/Ch04Ex13.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..05828c751
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.13/Ch04Ex13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.13:: Page-4.24 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+mu_o = 1.54;   // Refractive index of ordinary wave

+mu_e = 1.45;   // Refractive index of extraordinary wave

+lambda = 5500e-008; // Wavelength of light used, m

+// As for a half wave plate, (mu_o - mu_e)*t = lambda/4, solving for t

+t = lambda/(2*(mu_o - mu_e));   // The thickness of a half wave plate for wavelength, cm

+

+printf("\nThe thickness of a half wave plate for wavelength = %4.2e cm", t);

+

+// Result 

+// The thickness of a half wave plate for wavelength = 3.06e-004 cm 

+

+ 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.14/Ch04Ex14.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.14/Ch04Ex14.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..20fa4ac64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.14/Ch04Ex14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.14:: Page-4.24 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+mu_o = 1.55;   // Refractive index of ordinary wave

+mu_e = 1.52;   // Refractive index of extraordinary wave

+lambda = 5500e-008; // Wavelength of light used, m

+// As for a half wave plate, (mu_o - mu_e)*t = lambda/4, solving for t

+t = lambda/(4*(mu_o - mu_e));   // The thickness of a quarter wave plate for wavelength, cm

+

+printf("\nThe thickness of a quarter wave plate for wavelength = %4.2e cm", t);

+

+// Result 

+// The thickness of a quarter wave plate for wavelength = 4.58e-004 cm 

+

+ 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.15/Ch04Ex15.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.15/Ch04Ex15.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3d44e42b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.15/Ch04Ex15.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.15:: Page-4.24 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+mu_o = 1.51;   // Refractive index of ordinary wave

+mu_e = 1.55;   // Refractive index of extraordinary wave

+lambda = 6000e-008; // Wavelength of light used, m

+// As for a half wave plate, (mu_o - mu_e)*t = lambda/4, solving for t

+t = lambda/(2*(mu_e - mu_o));   // The thickness of a quarter wave plate for wavelength, cm

+

+printf("\nThe thickness of a half wave plate quartz = %4.2e cm", t);

+

+// Result 

+// The thickness of a half wave plate quartz = 7.50e-004 cm 

+

+ 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.16/Ch04Ex16.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.16/Ch04Ex16.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..84d9dee7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.16/Ch04Ex16.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.16:: Page-4.24 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+lambda = 5890e-008; // Wavelength of light used, m

+t = 7.5e-004;   // Thickness of the crystal, cm

+// As for quarter wave plate, mu_diff*t = (mu_e - mu_o)*t = lambda/4, solving for mu_diff

+mu_diff = lambda/(4*t);     // The difference in refractive indices of rays, cm

+printf("\nThe difference between refractive indices = %6.4f cm", mu_diff);

+

+// Result 

+// The difference between refractive indices = 0.0196 cm 

+

+ 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.17/Ch04Ex17.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.17/Ch04Ex17.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5125e4282
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.17/Ch04Ex17.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.17:: Page-4.34 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+theta = 15.2;   // Angle through which plane of polarization is rotated, degrees

+c = 0.2;    // Concentration of sugar, g/cc

+l = 25;     // Length of sugar, cm

+S = 10*theta/(l*c);     // Specific rotation of superposition, degrees

+

+printf("\nThe specific rotation of superposition = %4.1f cm", S);

+

+// Result 

+// The specific rotation of superposition = 30.4 cm 

+

+ 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.18/Ch04Ex18.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.18/Ch04Ex18.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..2a46ccc3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.18/Ch04Ex18.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.18: : Page-4.34 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+theta = 15.2;   // Angle through which plane of polarization is rotated, degrees

+S = 65;     // Specific rotation of sugar solution, degrees

+l = 15;     // Length of sugar, cm

+// As S = 10*theta/(l*c), solving for c

+c = 10*theta/(l*S);     // Concentration of sugar, g/cc

+

+printf("\nThe strength of sugar solution = %4.2f g/cc", c);

+

+// Result 

+// The strength of sugar solution = 0.16 g/cc 

+

+ 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.19/Ch04Ex19.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.19/Ch04Ex19.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4f468f6a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.19/Ch04Ex19.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.19:: Page-4.34 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+theta = 15;   // Angle through which plane of polarization is rotated, degrees

+S = 69;     // Specific rotation of sugar solution, degrees

+l = 10;     // Length of sugar, cm

+V = 50;     // Volume of the tube, cc

+// As S = 10*theta/(l*c), solving for c

+c = 10*theta/(l*S);     // Concentration of sugar, g/cc

+M = c*V;    // Mass of sugar in solution, g

+

+printf("\nThe quantity of sugar contained in the tube in the form of solution = %5.2f g", M);

+

+// Result 

+// The quantity of sugar contained in the tube in the form of solution = 10.87 g 

+

+ 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.2/Ch04Ex2.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.2/Ch04Ex2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4db57a79b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.2/Ch04Ex2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.2:: Page-4.6 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+ip = 57;    // Polarizing angle, degrees

+mu = tand(ip);  // Refractive index of the material from Brewster's law 

+printf("\nThe refractive index of the material = %4.2f", mu);

+

+// Result 

+// The refractive index of the material = 1.54 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.20/Ch04Ex20.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.20/Ch04Ex20.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..da6261d32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.20/Ch04Ex20.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.20:: Page-4.35 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+theta = 8;   // Angle through which plane of polarization is rotated, degrees

+M = 10;     // Amount of sugar, g

+l = 14;     // Length of the tube, cm

+V = 44;     // Volume of sugar solution, cc

+c = M/V;     // Concentration of sugar, g/cc

+S = 10*theta/(l*c); // Specific rotation of sugar solution from the given data, degrees

+

+printf("\nThe specific rotation of sugar solution from the given data = %4.1f degrees", S);

+

+// Result 

+// The specific rotation of sugar solution from the given data = 25.1 degrees 

+

+ 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.21/Ch04Ex21.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.21/Ch04Ex21.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d20d8b815
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.21/Ch04Ex21.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.21:: Page-4.35 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+m = 15;     // Amount of sugar, g

+S = 66; // Specific rotation of sugar solution from the given data, degrees

+l = 20;     // Length of the tube, cm

+V = 100;     // Volume of sugar solution, cc

+c = m/V;     // Concentration of sugar, g/cc

+// As S = 10*theta/(l*c), solving for theta

+theta = S*l*c/10;       // Angle of rotation of the plane of polarization, degrees

+

+printf("\nThe angle of rotation of the plane of polarization = %4.1f degrees", theta);

+

+// Result 

+// The angle of rotation of the plane of polarization = 19.8 degrees 

+

+ 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.22/Ch04Ex22.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.22/Ch04Ex22.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f3da649ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.22/Ch04Ex22.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.22: : Page-4.35 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+l = 5;     // Length of the tube, dm

+m = 50;     // Amount of sugar, g

+S = 50; // Specific rotation of sugar solution, degrees

+V = 150;     // Volume of sugar solution, cc

+c = m/V;     // Concentration of sugar, g/cc

+// As S = theta/(l*c), solving for theta

+theta = S*l*c;       // Angle of rotation of the optically active solution

+

+printf("\nThe angle of rotation of the optically active solution = %4.1f degrees", theta);

+

+// Result 

+// The angle of rotation of the optically active solution = 83.3 degrees 

+

+ 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.23/Ch04Ex23.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.23/Ch04Ex23.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0cb4e71fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.23/Ch04Ex23.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.23:: Page-4.35 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+l = 3;     // Length of the tube, dm

+theta = 17.0;       // Angle of rotation of the plane of polarization, degrees

+c = 1.0;      // For simplicity assume concentration of solution to be unity, g/cc

+l_prime = 2.5;   // New length of the tube, dm

+c_prime = 1.25*c;  // Concentration of solution with 25 cm length of tube, g/cc

+theta_prime = theta*l_prime*c_prime/(l*c);  // Angle of rotation in a tube of new length

+

+

+printf("\nThe angle of rotation in a tube of new length of %3.1f cm = %4.1f degrees", l_prime, theta_prime);

+

+// Result 

+// The angle of rotation in a tube of new length of 2.5 cm = 17.7 degrees 

+

+ 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.24/Ch04Ex24.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.24/Ch04Ex24.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ec8935fbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.24/Ch04Ex24.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.24:: Page-4.36 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+l = 17;     // Length of the tube, cm

+V = 37;     // Volume of sugar solution, cc

+theta = 15;       // Angle of rotation of the plane of polarization, degrees

+S = 68;         // Specific rotation of sugar solution, degrees

+// As S = 10*theta/(l*c), solving for c

+c = 10*theta/(l*S);     // Concentration of sugar solution, g/cc

+m = c*V;        // Mass of sugar in the solution contained in the tube, g

+

+printf("\nThe mass of sugar in the solution contained in the tube = %3.1f g", m);

+

+// Result 

+// The mass of sugar in the solution contained in the tube = 4.8 g 

+

+ 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.25/Ch04Ex25.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.25/Ch04Ex25.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..645e56193
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.25/Ch04Ex25.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.25:: Page-4.36 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+m = 80;        // Mass of sugar in the solution, g

+theta = 9.9;       // Angle of rotation of the plane of polarization, degrees

+l = 20;     // Length of the tube, cm

+S_pure = 66;         // Specific rotation of pure sugar solution, degrees per dm per (g/cc)

+c = 0.08;     // Concentration of sugar solution, g/cc

+S = 10*theta/(l*c);  // calculated specific rotation of sugar solution, degrees per dm per (g/cc)

+percent_purity = S/S_pure*100;      // Percentage purity of sugar sample, percent

+

+printf("\nThe percentage purity of the sugar sample = %5.2f percent", percent_purity);

+

+// Result 

+// The percentage purity of the sugar sample = 93.75 percent 

+

+ 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.26/Ch04Ex26.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.26/Ch04Ex26.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..2c2ecda1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.26/Ch04Ex26.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.26:: Page-4.42 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+lambda = 6600e-010;     // Wavelength of circularly polarized light, cm

+mu_R = 1.53914;         // Refractive index of right-handed circularly polarized light

+mu_L = 1.53920;         // Refractive index of left-handed circularly polarized light

+t = 0.0005;   // Thickness of polarimeter plate, m

+theta = %pi/lambda*(mu_L-mu_R)*t;   // Angle of rotation produced by the polarimeter plate, radian

+

+printf("\nThe angle of rotation produced by the polarimeter plate = %4.2f degrees", theta*180/%pi);

+

+// Result 

+// The angle of rotation produced by the polarimeter plate = 8.18 degrees 

+

+ 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.3/Ch04Ex3.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.3/Ch04Ex3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..57facf757
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.3/Ch04Ex3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.3:: Page-4.6 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+mu = 1.53;  // Refractive index of the material from Brewster's law 

+// As mu = tand(ip), solving for ip

+ip = atand(mu);     // Polarizing angle, degrees

+// But mu = sind(ip)/sind(r), solving for r

+r = asind(sind(ip)/mu);     // Angle of refraction, degrees

+

+printf("\nThe angle of refraction of the ray = %4.1f degrees", r);

+

+// Result 

+// The angle of refraction of the ray = 33.2 degrees 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.4/Ch04Ex4.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.4/Ch04Ex4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..fbfe47889
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.4/Ch04Ex4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.4:: Page-4.6 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+ip = 60;     // Polarizing angle, degrees

+A = 60;     // Angle of equilateral prism, degrees

+mu = tand(ip);  // Refractive index of the material from Brewster's law 

+// For angle of minimum deviation in prism, delta_m, refractive index

+// mu = sind((A+delta_m)/2)/sind(A/2), solving for delta_m

+delta_m = 2*asind(mu*sind(A/2))-A;      // Angle of minimum deviation, degrees

+

+printf("\nThe angle of minimum deviation for green light = %2d degrees", ceil(delta_m));

+

+// Result 

+// The angle of minimum deviation for green light = 60 degrees 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.5/Ch04Ex5.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.5/Ch04Ex5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..3b427e1dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.5/Ch04Ex5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.5:: Page-4.7 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+mu = [1.33 1.65 1.55];      // Refractive indices of the material

+// As mu = tand(ip), solving for ip

+ip = atand(mu);     // Brewster's law gives polarizing angle, degrees

+for i =1:1:3    

+printf("\nmu = %4.2f, ip = %4.1f degrees", mu(i), ip(i));

+end

+

+// Result 

+// mu = 1.33, ip = 53.1 degrees

+// mu = 1.65, ip = 58.8 degrees

+// mu = 1.55, ip = 57.2 degrees  

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.6/Ch04Ex6.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.6/Ch04Ex6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..913f0b27c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.6/Ch04Ex6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.6:: Page-4.8 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+E0 = 1;     // For simplicity assume maximum intensity through polarizer and analyser to be unity, unit

+E = 1/6*E0; // One-sixth of the maximum intensity, unit

+// From Malus law, E = E0*cosd(theta)^2, solving for theta

+theta = acosd(sqrt(E));   // Angle through which analyser should be rotated, degrees

+printf("\nThe angle of rotation of analyser = %4.1f degrees", theta);

+

+// Result 

+// The angle of rotation of analyser = 65.9 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.7/Ch04Ex7.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.7/Ch04Ex7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6c556b9fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.7/Ch04Ex7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.7:: Page-4.8 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+E0 = 1;     // For simplicity assume maximum intensity through polarizer and analyser to be unity, unit

+light_fraction = [0.25 0.45 0.65 0.75 0.0];

+for i = 1:1:5

+E = light_fraction(i)*E0; // Light fraction of the maximum intensity, unit

+// From Malus law, E = E0*cosd(theta)^2, solving for theta

+theta = acosd(sqrt(E));   // Angle through which analyser should be rotated, degrees

+printf("\nE = %4.2fE0, theta = %4.1f degrees", light_fraction(i), theta);

+end

+

+// Result 

+// E = 0.25E0, theta = 60.0 degrees

+// E = 0.45E0, theta = 47.9 degrees

+// E = 0.65E0, theta = 36.3 degrees

+// E = 0.75E0, theta = 30.0 degrees

+// E = 0.00E0, theta = 90.0 degrees 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.8/Ch04Ex8.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.8/Ch04Ex8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..27a99a461
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.8/Ch04Ex8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.8:: Page-4.9 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+ip = 60;        // Polarizing angle, degrees

+mu = tand(ip);  // Brewster's law giving refractive index

+A = 60;     // Angle of prism, degrees

+d = (mu - 1)*A; // Angle of minimum deviation for green light, degrees

+

+printf("\nThe angle of minimum deviation for green light = %5.2f degrees", d);

+

+// Result 

+// The angle of minimum deviation for green light = 43.92 degrees 

+ 

diff --git a/1847/CH4/EX4.9/Ch04Ex9.sce b/1847/CH4/EX4.9/Ch04Ex9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..679814534
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1847/CH4/EX4.9/Ch04Ex9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// Scilab Code Ex4.9:: Page-4.9 (2009)

+clc; clear;

+theta = 30;     // Angle which the plane of vibration makes with the incident beam, degrees

+// As intensity of ordinary and extraordinary ray are

+// E_E = A^2*cosd(theta)^2 and E_O = A^2*sind(theta)^2, solving for E_E/E_O

+EE_ratio_EO = cotd(30)^2;    // Ratio of ordinary and extraordinary ray intensities 

+

+printf("\nThe ratio of ordinary to extraordinary ray intensities = %d", EE_ratio_EO);

+

+// Result 

+// The ratio of ordinary to extraordinary ray intensities = 3 

+