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authorpriyanka2015-06-24 15:03:17 +0530
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treeab291cffc65280e58ac82470ba63fbcca7805165 /1592/CH7
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diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.1/Example_7_1.sce b/1592/CH7/EX7.1/Example_7_1.sce
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+//Scilab Code for Example 7.1 of Signals and systems by
+//P.Ramakrishna Rao
+clc;
+clear;
+a0=2;
+a1=2;
+a2=4;
+x1=[1,3,5,7];
+x2=[2,4,6,8];
+for t=1:4
+ y1(1,t)=a0+a1*x1(t)+a2*(x1(t))^2;
+ y2(1,t)=a0+a1*x2(t)+a2*(x2(t))^2;
+end
+b1=2;
+b2=3;
+x=b1*x1+b2*x2;
+disp('y(n) does not depend on past inputs');
+disp('Hence the system is Static');
+disp(x,'The input to the system is:');
+for t=1:4
+ q(1,t)=a0+a1*x(t)+a2*(x(t))^2;
+end
+disp(q,'This input gives the output:');
+y=b1*y1+b2*y2;
+disp(y,'For the system to be linear the output should be:');
+disp('Hence the system is not linear');
diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.10/Example_7_10.sce b/1592/CH7/EX7.10/Example_7_10.sce
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+//Scilab Code for Example 7.10 of Signals and systems by
+//P.Ramakrishna Rao
+clear;
+clc;
+disp('h(t)=e^-2*t.u(t)');
+for w=1:100
+ y(1,w)=integrate('exp(-2*t)','t',0,w);
+end
+w=1:100;
+plot(w,y)
+title('Output Signal y(t)');
+xlabel('Time');
+ylabel('Amplitude');
diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.10/Fig7_10.jpg b/1592/CH7/EX7.10/Fig7_10.jpg
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diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.11/Example_7_11.sce b/1592/CH7/EX7.11/Example_7_11.sce
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+//Scilab Code for Example 7.11 of Signals and systems by
+//P.Ramakrishna Rao
+clear;
+clc;
+clear x y n;
+x=[0,0,2,0,0];
+y=[0,0,1,1,0];
+n=-2:2;
+c = gca();
+c.y_location = "origin";
+c.x_location = "origin";
+plot2d2(n,x,2);
+title('x(t)')
+xlabel('t')
+figure(1);
+n=-2:2;
+c = gca();
+c.y_location = "origin";
+c.x_location = "origin";
+plot2d2(n,y,5);
+title('y(t)')
+xlabel('t')
+z=conv(x,y);
+figure(2);
+n=-3:5;
+c = gca();
+c.y_location = "origin";
+c.x_location = "origin";
+plot(n,z,2);
+title('Convoluted signal z(t)')
+xlabel('t')
diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.11/Fig7_11_3.jpg b/1592/CH7/EX7.11/Fig7_11_3.jpg
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diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.14/Example_7_14.sce b/1592/CH7/EX7.14/Example_7_14.sce
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+//Scilab Code for Example 7.14 of Signals and systems by
+//P.Ramakrishna Rao
+//Plotting the impulse and step responses
+clc;
+clear;
+syms s t R C;
+Y1=(1/(R*C))/(s+1/(R*C));
+disp(Y1,'Laplace Transform Of differential Equation is:')
+y11=ilaplace(Y1,s,t);
+disp(y11,'The Impulse Response of the System is:');
+for k=0:10;
+ y1(k+1)=exp(-k);
+end
+k=0:10;
+plot(k,y1);
+title('System Response to impulse input');
+Y2=(1/(R*C))/(s^2+s/(R*C));
+disp(Y2,'Laplace Transform Of differential Equation is:')
+y22=ilaplace(Y2,s,t);
+disp(y22,'The Step Response of the System is:');
+for k=0:10;
+ y2(k+1)=1-exp(-k);
+end
+figure(1);
+k=0:10;
+plot(k,y2);
+title('System Response to Step input');
diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.14/Fig7_14_1.jpg b/1592/CH7/EX7.14/Fig7_14_1.jpg
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diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.15/Example_7_15.sce b/1592/CH7/EX7.15/Example_7_15.sce
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+//Scilab Code for Example 7.15 of Signals and systems by
+//P.Ramakrishna Rao
+//Plotting the impulse and step responses
+clc;
+clear;
+syms s t R L;
+Y1=(1/s)-(1/(s+(R/L)));
+disp(Y1,'Laplace Transform Of differential Equation is:')
+y1=ilaplace(Y1,s,t);
+disp(y1,'The Step Response of the System is:');
+//Taking R/L=1;
+for k=0:10;
+ y1(k+1)=1-exp(-k);
+end
+k=0:10;
+plot(k,y1);
+title('System Response to Step input');
+Y2=(1/(s+(R/L)));
+disp(Y2,'Laplace Transform Of differential Equation is:')
+y2=ilaplace(Y2,s,t);
+disp(y2,'The Impulse Response of the System is:');
+for k=0:10;
+ y2(k+1)=exp(-k);
+end
+figure(1);
+k=0:10;
+plot(k,y2);
+title('System Response to impulse input');
diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.15/Fig7_15_1.jpg b/1592/CH7/EX7.15/Fig7_15_1.jpg
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diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.19/Example_7_19.sce b/1592/CH7/EX7.19/Example_7_19.sce
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+//Scilab Code for Example 7.19 of Signals and systems by
+//P.Ramakrishna Rao
+//Convolution of two signals
+clc;
+clear;
+clear x y n;
+x=[2,-1,1,0,2];
+y=[1,0,-1,2];
+n=-1:3;
+c = gca();
+c.y_location = "origin";
+c.x_location = "origin";
+plot2d3(n,x,-5);
+title('x(k)')
+xlabel('k')
+figure(1);
+n=0:3;
+c = gca();
+c.y_location = "origin";
+c.x_location = "origin";
+plot2d3(n,y,-5);
+title('y(k)')
+xlabel('k')
+z=conv(x,y);
+figure(2);
+n=-1:6;
+c = gca();
+c.y_location = "origin";
+c.x_location = "origin";
+plot2d3(n,z,-5);
+title('Convoluted signal z(t)')
+xlabel('t')
diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.19/Fig7_19_3.jpg b/1592/CH7/EX7.19/Fig7_19_3.jpg
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diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.22/Example_7_22.sce b/1592/CH7/EX7.22/Example_7_22.sce
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+//Scilab Code for Example 7.22 of Signals and systems by
+//P.Ramakrishna Rao
+//Convolution of two signals
+clc;
+clear;
+clear x y n;
+for n=0:10;
+ x(n+1)=(3/4)^n*u(n);
+end
+c = gca();
+c.y_location = "origin";
+c.x_location = "origin";
+n=0:10;
+plot2d3(n,x,-4);
+title('x(n)')
+xlabel('n')
+for n=0:10;
+ y(n+1)=u(n);
+end
+figure(1);
+n=0:10;
+c = gca();
+c.y_location = "origin";
+c.x_location = "origin";
+plot2d3(n,y,-4);
+title('y(k)')
+xlabel('k')
+z=conv(x,y);
+figure(2);
+n=0:20;
+c = gca();
+c.y_location = "origin";
+c.x_location = "origin";
+plot2d3(n,z,-4);
+title('Convoluted signal w(t)');
+xlabel('t');
+disp(z(1),'z(0)',z(4),'z(3)',z(6),'z(5)',z(11),'z(10)');
diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.22/Fig7_22_3.jpg b/1592/CH7/EX7.22/Fig7_22_3.jpg
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diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.23/Example_7_23.sce b/1592/CH7/EX7.23/Example_7_23.sce
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+//Scilab Code for Example 7.23 of Signals and systems by
+//P.Ramakrishna Rao
+//Convolution of two signals
+clc;
+clear;
+clear x y n;
+for n=0:10;
+ x(n+1)=(0.5)^n*u(n-2);
+end
+c = gca();
+c.y_location = "origin";
+c.x_location = "origin";
+n=0:10;
+plot2d3(n,x,-4);
+title('x(n)')
+xlabel('n')
+for n=0:10;
+ y(n+1)=u(n);
+end
+figure(1);
+n=0:10;
+c = gca();
+c.y_location = "origin";
+c.x_location = "origin";
+plot2d3(n,y,-4);
+title('y(k)')
+xlabel('k')
+z=conv(x,y);
+figure(2);
+n=0:20;
+c = gca();
+c.y_location = "origin";
+c.x_location = "origin";
+plot2d3(n,z,-4);
+title('Convoluted signal z(t)')
+xlabel('t')
diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.23/Fig7_23_3.jpg b/1592/CH7/EX7.23/Fig7_23_3.jpg
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diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.24/Example_7_24.sce b/1592/CH7/EX7.24/Example_7_24.sce
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+//Scilab Code for Example 7.24 of Signals and systems by
+//P.Ramakrishna Rao
+//Plotting the step response
+clc;
+clear;
+syms z n;
+y1=2*(1-0.5^n);
+disp(y1*'u(n)','The step Response of the System is:');
+for n=0:10;
+ q(n+1)=2*(1-0.5^n);
+end
+n=0:10;
+plot(n,q);
+title('Step Response g(n)');
+xlabel('n-->');
diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.24/Fig7_24.jpg b/1592/CH7/EX7.24/Fig7_24.jpg
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diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.25/Example_7_25.sce b/1592/CH7/EX7.25/Example_7_25.sce
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+//Scilab Code for Example 7.25 of Signals and systems by
+//P.Ramakrishna Rao
+//Plotting the impulse and step responses
+clc;
+clear;
+syms z a n;
+Y1=(2*z/(z-a));
+disp(Y1,'Z Transform Of differential Equation is:')
+y12=2*a^n;
+disp(y12,'The Unit Sample Response of the System is:');
+y2=2*(a^n-1)/(a-1);
+disp(y2,'The Step Response of the System is:');
+q=1;
+a=0.5;
+for k=0:0.1:5;
+y2(q)=2*((a^k-1)/(a-1));
+q=q+1;
+end
+k=0:0.1:5;
+plot(k,y2);
+
diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.25/Fig7_25.jpg b/1592/CH7/EX7.25/Fig7_25.jpg
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diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.3/Example_7_3.sce b/1592/CH7/EX7.3/Example_7_3.sce
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+//Scilab Code for Example 7.3 of Signals and systems by
+//P.Ramakrishna Rao
+clc;
+clear x y1 y y2 q t n;
+clear;
+//y(n)=x(n)-x(n-1);
+disp('y(n) depends upon past inputs also');
+disp('Output at n=2 depends upon value of x at n=1');
+disp('Hence the system is Dynamic');
+x1=[1,3,5,7,2];
+x2=[2,4,6,8,3];
+for n=2:5
+ y1(1,n)=x1(n)-x1(n-1)
+ y2(1,n)=x2(n)-x2(n-1)
+end
+b1=2;
+b2=3;
+x=b1*x1+b2*x2
+disp(x,'The input to the system is:');
+for n=2:5
+ q(1,n)=x(n)-x(n-1);
+end
+y=b1*y1+b2*y2;
+disp(q,'This input gives the output:');
+disp(y,'For the system to be linear the output should be:');
+disp('Hence the system is linear');
+
diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.33/Example_7_33.sce b/1592/CH7/EX7.33/Example_7_33.sce
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+//Scilab Code for Example 7.33 of Signals and systems by
+//P.Ramakrishna Rao
+//Plotting the magnitude and phase responses
+clc;
+clear;
+T=1;
+n=1;
+for w=0:0.1:20;
+ hmag(n)=2*sin(w*T/2);
+ n=n+1;
+end
+n=1;
+for w=0:0.1:20;
+ hphase(n)=%pi/2-(w*T/2);
+ n=n+1;
+end
+//Magnitude plot
+w=0:0.1:20;
+plot(w,hmag);
+title('Magnitude Plot');
+xlabel('w');
+ylabel('|H(e^jw)|');
+figure(1);
+//Phase Plot
+w=0:0.1:20;
+plot(w,hphase);
+title('Phase Plot');
+xlabel('w');
+ylabel('theta(wT)');
diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.33/Fig7_33_1.jpg b/1592/CH7/EX7.33/Fig7_33_1.jpg
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diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.4/Example_7_4.sce b/1592/CH7/EX7.4/Example_7_4.sce
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+//Scilab Code for Example 7.4 of Signals and systems by
+//P.Ramakrishna Rao
+clc;
+clear x y1 y y2 q t n;
+clear;
+//y(t)=x(2*t)
+disp('y(t) depends upon past inputs for t<0');
+disp('y(t) depends upon future inputs for t>0');
+disp('Hence the system is Dynamic');
+x1=[1,3,5,7,2,5,3,9];//Random Variable
+x2=[2,4,6,8,2,4,2,1];
+for t=1:4
+ y1(1,t)=x1(2*t);
+ y2(1,t)=x2(2*t);
+end
+b1=2;
+b2=3;
+x=b1*x1+b2*x2;
+disp(x,'The input to the system is:');
+for t=1:4
+ q(1,t)=x(2*t);
+end
+disp(q,'This input gives the output:');
+y=b1*y1+b2*y2;
+disp(y,'For the system to be linear the output should be:');
+disp('Hence the system is linear');
+disp('For a delay (T) of 2 seconds');
+disp('At t=3 seconds:');
+t=3;
+a=x(1,2*t-2);
+b=y(1,t-2);
+c=x(1,2*t-4);
+disp(a,'x(2t-T):');
+disp(b,'is not equal to y(2t-T):');
+disp(c,'while x(2t-2*T):');
+disp('Hence the system is Time variant');
diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.5/Example_7_5.sce b/1592/CH7/EX7.5/Example_7_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..2df5f0f7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1592/CH7/EX7.5/Example_7_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+//Scilab Code for Example 7.5 of Signals and systems by
+//P.Ramakrishna Rao
+clc;
+clear x y1 y y2 q t n;
+clear;
+//y(t)=x(2*n)
+disp('y(n) depends upon past inputs for n<0');
+disp('y(n) depends upon future inputs for n>0');
+disp('Hence the system is Dynamic');
+x1=[1,3,5,3,2,5,3,9];//random variable
+x2=[2,4,6,4,2,4,2,1];
+for n=1:4
+ y1(1,n)=x1(2*n);
+ y2(1,n)=x2(2*n);
+end
+b1=2;
+b2=3;
+x=b1*x1+b2*x2;
+disp(x,'The input to the system is:');
+for n=1:4
+ q(1,n)=x(2*n);
+end
+disp(q,'This input gives the output:');
+y=b1*y1+b2*y2;
+disp(y,'For the system to be linear the output should be:');
+disp('Hence the system is linear');
+disp('For a delay (n0) of 2 seconds');
+disp('At n=3 seconds:');
+t=3;
+a=x(1,2*n-2);
+b=y(1,n-2);
+c=x(1,2*n-4);
+disp(a,'x(2n-n0):');
+disp(b,'is not equal to y(2n-n0):');
+disp(c,'while x(2n-2*n0):');
+disp('Hence the system is Time variant');
diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.6/Example_7_6.sce b/1592/CH7/EX7.6/Example_7_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..754c5deff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1592/CH7/EX7.6/Example_7_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//Scilab Code for Example 7.6 of Signals and systems by
+//P.Ramakrishna Rao
+clc;
+clear x y1 y y2 q t n;
+clear;
+//y(n)=x(n)-x(n-1);
+x=[2,4,3,6,7]
+for n=2:5
+ y(1,n)=x(n)-x(n-1);
+end
+disp(y,'This input gives the output:');
+disp('For a shift (n0) of 2 seconds');
+disp('At n=3 seconds:');
+n=5;
+b=y(n-2);
+a=x(n-2)-x(n-2-1);
+disp(a,'x(n-2):');
+disp(b,'is equal to y(n-2):');
+disp('Hence the system is Shift invariant/fixed');
+
diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.7/Example_7_7.sce b/1592/CH7/EX7.7/Example_7_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1a302133c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1592/CH7/EX7.7/Example_7_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+//Scilab Code for Example 7.7 of Signals and systems by
+//P.Ramakrishna Rao
+clc;
+clear x y1 y y2 q t n;
+clear;
+//y(t)=n*x(n)
+disp('y(n) depends only upon present inputs');
+disp('(i) Hence the system is Dynamic');
+x1=[1,3,5,3,2,5,3,9];//random variable
+x2=[2,4,6,4,2,4,2,1];
+for n=1:4
+ y1(1,n)=n*x1(n);
+ y2(1,n)=n*x2(n);
+end
+b1=2;
+b2=3;
+x=b1*x1+b2*x2;
+disp(x,'The input to the system is:');
+for n=1:4
+ q(1,n)=n*x(n);
+end
+disp(q,'This input gives the output:');
+y=b1*y1+b2*y2;
+disp(y,'For the system to be linear the output should be:');
+disp('(ii) Hence the system is linear');
+disp('For a delay (n0) of 2 seconds');
+disp('At n=3 seconds:');
+t=3;
+a=x(1,n-2);
+b=y(1,n-2);
+c=2*x(1,n-2);
+disp(a,'x(n-n0):');
+disp(b,'is not equal to y(n-n0):');
+disp(c,'while (n-n0)*x(n-n0):');
+disp('(iii) Hence the system is Time variant');
diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.8/Example_7_8.sce b/1592/CH7/EX7.8/Example_7_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c5ef468b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1592/CH7/EX7.8/Example_7_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+//Scilab Code for Example 7.8 of Signals and systems by
+//P.Ramakrishna Rao
+clc;
+clear x y1 y y2 q t n;
+clear;
+//y(t)=sum(x(n)),n-2<=n=<n+2
+x1=[1,3,5,3,0,0,0,0,0,0];//random variable
+x2=[2,4,6,4,0,0,0,0,0,0];
+for n=1:4
+ y1(1,n)=x1(n)+x1(n+1)+x1(n+2)+x1(n+3)+x1(n+4);
+ y2(1,n)=x2(n)+x2(n+1)+x2(n+2)+x2(n+3)+x2(n+4);
+end
+b1=2;
+b2=3;
+x=b1*x1+b2*x2;
+disp(x,'The input to the system is:');
+for n=1:4
+ q(1,n)=x(n)+x(n+1)+x(n+2)+x(n+3)+x(n+4);
+end
+disp(q,'This input gives the output:');
+y=b1*y1+b2*y2;
+disp(y,'For the system to be linear the output should be:');
+disp('(i) Hence the system is linear');
diff --git a/1592/CH7/EX7.9/Example_7_9.sce b/1592/CH7/EX7.9/Example_7_9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c804243cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1592/CH7/EX7.9/Example_7_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+//Scilab Code for Example 7.9 of Signals and systems by
+//P.Ramakrishna Rao
+clc;
+clear x y1 y y2 q t n;
+clear;
+//y(t)=exp|x(n)|
+x1=[1,3,5,3];//random variable
+x2=[2,4,6,4];
+for n=1:4
+ y1(1,n)=exp(abs(x1(n)));
+ y2(1,n)=exp(abs(x2(n)));
+end
+b1=2;
+b2=3;
+x=b1*x1+b2*x2;
+disp(x,'The input to the system is:');
+for n=1:4
+ q(1,n)=exp(abs(b1*(x1(n))+b2*(x2(n))));
+end
+disp(q,'This input gives the output:');
+y=b1*y1+b2*y2;
+disp(y,'For the system to be linear the output should be:');
+disp('(ii) Hence the system is not linear');
+disp('For a delay (n0) of 2 seconds');
+disp('At n=3 seconds:');
+n=4;
+a=exp(abs(x1(n-2)));
+b=y1(1,n-2);
+disp(a,'e^x(n-n0):');
+disp(b,'is equal to y(n-n0):');
+disp('(iii) Hence the system is Time invariant');