initial commit / add all books

12 files changed, 108 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/1586/CH5/EX5.2/EXP5_2.jpg b/1586/CH5/EX5.2/EXP5_2.jpg
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diff --git a/1586/CH5/EX5.2/EXP5_2.sce b/1586/CH5/EX5.2/EXP5_2.sce
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+clc;funcprot(0);//EXAMPLE 5.2

+// Initialisation of Variables

+R1=5*10^8;.........//The rate of moement of interstitial atoms in jumps/s 500 degree celsius

+R2=8*10^10;.........//The rate of moement of interstitial atoms in jumps/s 800 degree celsius

+T1=500;..........//Temperature at first jump in Degree celsius

+T2=800;..........//Temperature at second jump in Degree  celsius

+R=1.987;..........//Gas constant in cal/mol-K

+//CALCULATIONS

+Q=log(R2/R1)/(exp(1/(R*(T1+273)))-exp(1/(R*(T2+273))));.....//Activation Energy for Interstitial    Atoms in cal/mol

+disp(Q,"Activation Energy for Interstitial Atoms in cal/mol:")

diff --git a/1586/CH5/EX5.3/EXP5_3.jpg b/1586/CH5/EX5.3/EXP5_3.jpg
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diff --git a/1586/CH5/EX5.3/EXP5_3.sce b/1586/CH5/EX5.3/EXP5_3.sce
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+clc;funcprot(0);//EXAMPLE 5.3

+// Initialisation of Variables

+X=0.1;.......//Thickness of SIlicon Wafer in cm

+n=8;.......//No. of atoms in silicon per cell

+ni=1;..........//No of phosphorous atoms present for every 10^7 Si atoms

+ns=400;.......//No of phosphorous atoms present for every 10^7 Si atoms

+ci1=(ni/10^7)*100;..........//Initial compositions in atomic percent

+cs1=(ns/10^7)*100;...........//Surface compositions in atomic percent

+G1=(ci1-cs1)/X;.....//concentration gradient in percent/cm

+a0=1.6*10^-22;........//The lattice parameter of silicon

+v=(10^7/n)*a0;......//volume of the unit cell in cm^3

+ci2=ni/v;..........//The compositions in atoms/cm^3

+cs2=ns/v;..........//The compositions in atoms/cm^3

+G2=(ci2-cs2)/X;.....//concentration gradient in percent/cm^3.cm

+disp(G1,"concentration gradient in percent/cm:")

+disp(G2,"concentration gradient in percent/cm^3.cm:")

diff --git a/1586/CH5/EX5.4/EXP5_4.jpg b/1586/CH5/EX5.4/EXP5_4.jpg
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diff --git a/1586/CH5/EX5.4/EXP5_4.sce b/1586/CH5/EX5.4/EXP5_4.sce
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+clc;funcprot(0);//EXAMPLE 5.3

+// Initialisation of Variables

+s=(-17415.7);.........//Slope value

+R1=8.314;........//Gas constan value in Joules/K-mol

+R2=1.987;........//Gas constan value in cal/K-mol

+Q1=(-1)*(s)*R1;......//The value of activation energy in KJ/mol

+Q2=(-1)*(s)*R2;......//The value of activation energy in Kcal/mol

+disp(Q1*10^-3,"The value of activation energy in KJ/mol")

+disp(Q2*10^-3,"The value of activation energy in Kcal/mol")

diff --git a/1586/CH5/EX5.5/EXP5_5.jpg b/1586/CH5/EX5.5/EXP5_5.jpg
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diff --git a/1586/CH5/EX5.5/EXP5_5.sce b/1586/CH5/EX5.5/EXP5_5.sce
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+clc;funcprot(0);//EXAMPLE 5.5

+// Initialisation of Variables

+N=1;..........//N0. of atoms on one side of iron bar

+H=1;..........//No. of atoms onother side of iron bar

+d=3;.......//Diameter of an impermeable cylinder in cm

+l=10;.....//Length of an impermeable cylinder in cm

+A1=50*10^18*N;..........// No. of gaseous Atoms per cm^3 on one side 

+A2=50*10^18*H;..........//No. of gaseous Atom per cm^3 on one  side

+B1=1*10^18*N;...........//No. of gaseous atoms per cm^3 on another side

+B2=1*10^18*H;..........//No. of gaseous atoms per cm^3 on another side

+t=973;...........//The di¤usion coefficient of nitrogen in BCC iron at 700 degree celsius in K

+Q=18300;.........//The activation energy for di¤usion of Ceramic

+Do=0.0047;.......//The pre-exponential term of ceramic

+R=1.987;.........//Gas constant in cal/mol.K

+//CALCULATIONS

+T=A1*(%pi/4)*d^2*l;....//The total number of nitrogen atoms in the container in N atoms

+LN=0.01*T/3600;......//The maximum number of atoms to be lost per second in N atoms per Second

+JN=LN/((%pi/4)*d^2);.........//The Flux of ceramic in Natoms per cm^2. sec.

+Dn=Do*exp(-Q/(R*t));........//The di¤usion coefficient of Ceramic in cm^2/Sec

+deltaX=Dn*(A1-B1)/JN;.........//minimum thickness of the membrane in cm

+LH=0.90*T/3600;........//Hydrogen atom loss per sec.

+JH=LH/((%pi/4)*d^2);.........//The Flux of ceramic in Hatoms per cm^2. sec.

+Dh=Do*exp(-Q/(R*t));........//The di¤usion coeficient of Ceramic in cm^2/Sec

+deltaX2=((1.86*10^-4)*(A2-B2))/JH;.......//Minimum thickness of  the membrane in cm

+disp(deltaX,"Minimum thickness of  the membrane of Natoms in cm")

+disp(deltaX2,"Minimum thickness of  the membrane of Hatoms in cm")

diff --git a/1586/CH5/EX5.6/EXP5_6.jpg b/1586/CH5/EX5.6/EXP5_6.jpg
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diff --git a/1586/CH5/EX5.6/EXP5_6.sce b/1586/CH5/EX5.6/EXP5_6.sce
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+clc;funcprot(0);//EXAMPLE 5.6

+// Initialisation of Variables

+n=2;..........//no of atoms/ cell in BCC Tungsten

+a0=3.165;..........//The lattice parameter of BCC tungsten in Angstromes

+W=n/(a0*10^-8)^3;.........//The number of tungsten atoms per cm^3

+Cth=0.01*W;......//The number of thorium atoms per cm^3

+Cg=-Cth/0.01;.......//The concentration gradient of Tungsten in atoms/cm^3.cm

+Q=120000;.........//The activation energy for diffusion of Tungsten

+Q2=90000;.........//The activation energy for diffusion of Tungsten

+Q3=66400;.........//The activation energy for diffusion of Tungsten

+Do=1.0;.......//The pre-exponential term of Tungsten

+Do2=0.74;.......//The pre-exponential term of Tungsten

+Do3=0.47;.......//The pre-exponential term of Tungsten

+R=1.987;.........//Gas constant in cal/mol.K

+t=2273;..........//The diffusion coefficient of nitrogen in BCC iron at 2000 degree celsius in K

+//CALCULATIONS

+D1=Do*exp(-Q/(R*t));........//The diffusion coeficient  of Tungsten in cm^2/Sec

+J1=-D1*Cg;............//Volume Diffusion in Th atoms/cm^2.sec.

+D2=Do2*exp(-Q2/(R*t));........//The diffusion coeficient  of Tungsten in cm^2/Sec

+J2=-D2*Cg;............//Grain boundary Diffusion in Th atoms/cm^2.sec.

+D3=0.47*exp(-66400/(1.987*2273));........//The diffusion coeficient  of Tungsten in cm^2/Sec

+J3=-D3*Cg;............//Surfae Diffusion in Th atoms/cm^2.sec.

+

+disp(W,"The number of tungsten atoms per cm^3:")

+disp(Cth,"The number of thorium atoms per cm^3:")

+disp(Cg,"The concentration gradient of Tungsten in atoms/cm^3.cm:")

+disp(D1,"The diffusion coeficient  of Tungsten in cm^2/Sec:")

+disp(J1,"Volume Diffusion in Th atoms/cm^2.sec.:")

+disp(D2,"The diffusion coeficient  of Tungsten in cm^2/Sec:")

+disp(J2,"Grain boundry Diffusion in Th atoms/cm^2.sec.:")

+disp(D3*10^7,"The Surface diffusion coeficient of Tungsten in cm^2/Sec:")

+disp(J3,"Surface Diffusion in Th atoms/cm^2.sec.:")

diff --git a/1586/CH5/EX5.8/EXP5_8.jpg b/1586/CH5/EX5.8/EXP5_8.jpg
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diff --git a/1586/CH5/EX5.8/EXP5_8.sce b/1586/CH5/EX5.8/EXP5_8.sce
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+clc;funcprot(0);//EXAMPLE 5.8

+// Initialisation of Variables

+H=10;.......//Required time to successfully carburize a batch of 500 steel gears

+t1=1173;......//Temperature at carburizing a batch of   500 steel gears in K

+t2=1273;.......//Temperature at carburizing a batch of   500 steel gears in K

+Q=32900;.........//The activation energy for diffusion  of BCC steel

+R=1.987;.........//Gas constant in cal/mol.K

+c1=1000;......//cost per hour to operate the carburizing furnace at 900degree centigrades

+c2=1500;......//Cost per hour to operate the carburizing furnace at 1000 degree centigrade

+H2=(exp(-Q /(R*t1))*H*3600)/exp(-Q /(R*t2));.......// Time requried to  successfully carburize a batch of 500 steel gears at 1000 degree centigrade

+Cp1=c1*H/500;.......//The cost per Part of steel rods  at 900 degree centigrade

+Cv=(c2*3.299)/500;.......//The cost per Part of steel rods  at 1000 degree centigrade

+disp(H2/3600,"Time requried to  successfully carburize a batch of 500 steel gears at 1000 degree centigrade:")

+disp(Cp1,"The cost of carburizing per Part of steel rods  at 900 degree centigrade")

+disp(Cv,"The cost of carburizing per Part of steel rods  at 1000 degree centigrade")