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diff --git a/1430/CH9/EX9.1/exa9_1.jpg b/1430/CH9/EX9.1/exa9_1.jpg
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diff --git a/1430/CH9/EX9.1/exa9_1.sce b/1430/CH9/EX9.1/exa9_1.sce
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+// Example 9.1

+// Zero-Input Response of an RL circuit

+// From figure 9.5

+L=60*10^-3;

+R_eq=40+10;// Equivalent resistance

+tau=L/R_eq; // Time constant

+// Let us denote y(0^-) by y_bef and y(0^+) by y_aft

+i_bef= 25/10; // t<0 , under steady state conditions

+// form the continuity equation of inductor current we get

+i_aft=i_bef;

+v_bef=25;

+t=0:0.0001:0.01;

+i=i_aft*%e^(-t/tau); // t>0

+v=-40*i; // t>0

+subplot(2,1,1)

+plot(t,i,'r');

+xlabel('t')

+ylabel('i(t)')

+title('Current Waveform of inductor')

+subplot(2,1,2)

+plot(t,v,'-g')

+xlabel('t')

+ylabel('v(t)')

+title('Voltage Waveform across 40-Ohm resistance')

+

diff --git a/1430/CH9/EX9.11/exa9_11.jpg b/1430/CH9/EX9.11/exa9_11.jpg
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diff --git a/1430/CH9/EX9.11/exa9_11.sce b/1430/CH9/EX9.11/exa9_11.sce
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+//Example 9.11  

+// Underdamped Zero-Input Response

+// form figure 9.25

+L=0.1;

+R=5;

+C=1/640;

+alpha=R/(2*L);

+omega_0=sqrt(1/(L*C));

+//Characteristic  Values

+p1=-alpha+sqrt(alpha^2-omega_0^2);

+omega_d=sqrt(omega_0^2-alpha^2);

+p2=p1'; // Complex conjugate

+V_s1=30; // t<0

+V_s2=0;//t>0

+// using initial conditions we find

+i_L_aft=0;// i(0^+)=0

+i_L_aft_d=-30/L; // i'(0^+)=0

+I_ss= 0; // when capacitor becomes fully charge before t<0

+//Using complex matrix equation

+P=[1,1;p1,p2];

+I=[i_L_aft-I_ss;i_L_aft_d]

+A=P\I

+A_1=A(1);

+A_1_m=abs(A_1);

+phase_A_1=atan(imag(A_1),real(A_1))*(180/%pi);

+t=0:0.001:0.5

+i_L=2*A_1_m*exp(-alpha*t).*cos(omega_d*t+phase_A_1);

+plot(t,i_L)

+xlabel('t')

+ylabel('i_L(t)')

+title('Current Waveform')

+

diff --git a/1430/CH9/EX9.12/exa9_12.jpg b/1430/CH9/EX9.12/exa9_12.jpg
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diff --git a/1430/CH9/EX9.12/exa9_12.sce b/1430/CH9/EX9.12/exa9_12.sce
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+// Example 9.12

+// Step Response with variable damping

+V_s1=0; // Voltage source value for t<0

+V_s2=30;//Voltage source value for t>0 

+L=0.1;

+C=1/640;

+omega_0=sqrt(1/(L*C));

+v_C_aft=0; // v_C(0^+)=0;

+v_C_aft_d=0; // v_C'(0^+)=0;

+V_ss=30;

+// for Overdamped Response

+// Let

+R=34;

+alpha=R/(2*L);

+p1=-alpha+sqrt(alpha^2-omega_0^2)

+p2=-alpha-sqrt(alpha^2-omega_0^2)

+P=[1,1;p1,p2];// coefficients of A's matrix

+V=[v_C_aft-V_ss;v_C_aft_d];// initial conditions and excitations

+A=P\V;

+A_1=A(1);

+A_2=A(2);

+t=0:0.001:0.5

+v_C=V_ss+A_1*exp(p1*t)+A_2*exp(p2*t);// t>0

+// for Underdamped Response

+// Let

+R1=5;

+alpha1=R1/(2*L);

+p3=-alpha1+sqrt(alpha1^2-omega_0^2);

+p4=-alpha1-sqrt(alpha1^2-omega_0^2);

+omega_d=sqrt(omega_0^2-alpha1^2);

+P1=[1,1;p3,p4];

+V1=[v_C_aft-V_ss;v_C_aft_d];

+A1=P1\V1

+A_3=A1(1);

+v_C1=V_ss+2*abs(A_3)*exp(-alpha1*t).*cos(omega_d*t+atan(imag(A_3),real(A_3)));

+// for Critically Damped Response

+R2=sqrt(6400/25);

+alpha2=R2/(2*L);

+A_4=v_C_aft-V_ss;

+A_5=v_C_aft_d+alpha2*A_4;

+v_C2=V_ss+A_4*exp(-alpha2*t)+A_5*t.*exp(-alpha2*t);

+plot(t,v_C,t,v_C1,t,v_C2)

+xlabel('t')

+ylabel('v_c(t)')

+title('Step Response with variable damping')

+h1=legend(['Overdamped';'Underdamped';'Critically damped'])

diff --git a/1430/CH9/EX9.2/exa9_2.jpg b/1430/CH9/EX9.2/exa9_2.jpg
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diff --git a/1430/CH9/EX9.2/exa9_2.sce b/1430/CH9/EX9.2/exa9_2.sce
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+// Example 9.2

+// Step response of an RC circuit

+C=50*10^-6;

+R_eq=(3000*6000)/(3000+6000); // From figure 9.10(a)

+v_oc=(6*12)/(3+6);

+tau=R_eq*C;

+t=0:0.0001:1

+v=v_oc*(1-exp(-t/tau)); // t>0

+i=(v_oc-v)/(R_eq); // t>0

+subplot(2,1,1)

+plot(t,v,)

+xlabel('t')

+ylabel('v(t)')

+title('Voltage waveform across capacitor')

+subplot(2,1,2)

+plot(t,i)

+xlabel('t')

+ylabel('i(t)')

+title('Current waveform across capacitor')

diff --git a/1430/CH9/EX9.3/exa9_3.jpg b/1430/CH9/EX9.3/exa9_3.jpg
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diff --git a/1430/CH9/EX9.3/exa9_3.sce b/1430/CH9/EX9.3/exa9_3.sce
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+// Example 9.3

+// Analysis of a Relay Driver

+R_eq=10+15; // from figure 9.13(a)

+L=400*10^-3;

+tau=L/R_eq;

+V=5; // DC voltage source

+I_ss=5/25; // steady state value of current in the circuit

+t=0:10^-3:30*10^-3;

+i_L1=I_ss*(1-%e^(-t/tau)); // 0<t<=30*10^-3;

+// the relay closes at time t1 when i_L1(t1)=150*10^-3;

+// Solving equation 200*(1-%e^(-t1/16))=150;

+t1= -tau*log(1-150/200);

+i_L2_peak= I_ss*(1-exp(-30/16)); // Value of current at the end of the pulse

+// After the pulse is over,the exponential decay of the current becomes

+t3=0.030:0.001:0.05

+i_L2=i_L2_peak*exp(-(t3-30*10^-3)/tau);

+// the relay then opens at t2 when i_L2(t2)=40*10^-3;

+// solving equation 169*exp(-t2/16)=40;

+t2= (30*10^-3)-tau*log(40/169)

+t_int=t2-t1;

+plot(t,i_L1,t3,i_L2)

+xlabel('t')

+ylabel('i_L(t)')

+title('Current Waveform')

+disp(t_int,"Relay remains closed over the interval(sec)=");

diff --git a/1430/CH9/EX9.4/exa9_4.jpg b/1430/CH9/EX9.4/exa9_4.jpg
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diff --git a/1430/CH9/EX9.4/exa9_4.sce b/1430/CH9/EX9.4/exa9_4.sce
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+//Example 9.4

+// Sequential switched transients

+// form figure 9.14(a)

+// using symbols y(0^-)=y_bef and y(0^+)=y_aft

+v_bef=0;

+i_bef=0;

+C=100*10^-6; // Farad 

+V_0=0; // voltage continuity of capacitor

+I_0= (-16-V_0)/(8000); // using KVL in figure 9.14(b)

+// By DC steady-state analysis,v(t) and i(t) head for the values,

+V_ss=(24*(-16))/(8+24);

+I_ss=-(16*10^-3)/(8+24);

+// supressing the 16V source 

+R_eq=(8000*24000)/(8000+24000);

+tau=R_eq*C // Time constant

+t=0:0.0001:1

+v=V_ss+(V_0-V_ss)*exp(-t/tau);      // 0<t<=1s

+i=I_ss+(I_0-I_ss)*exp(-t/tau);      // 0<t<=1s

+t1=1; // for t= 1 

+v_1=V_ss+(V_0-V_ss)*exp(-t1/tau);  

+i_1=I_ss+(I_0-I_ss)*exp(-t1/tau); 

+// Now the circuit is driven by two dc sources

+// Equivalent circuit is shown in figure 9.14(c)

+V_0_n=v_1; // Voltage continuity of capacitor

+I_0_n=(14.4 -V_0_n)/(4.8*10^3);

+V_ss_n=(24*14.4)/(4.8+24);

+I_ss_n=14.4/((4.8+24)*10^3);

+R_eq_n=((4.8*24)*10^3)/(4.8+24);

+tau_n=R_eq_n*C; // New time constant

+t2=1:0.0001:3

+v_n=V_ss_n+(V_0_n-V_ss_n)*exp(-(t2-1)/0.4);

+i_n=I_ss_n+(I_0_n-I_ss_n)*exp(-(t2-1)/0.4);

+subplot(2,1,1)

+plot(t,v,'-g',t2,v_n,'-g')

+xlabel('t')

+ylabel('v(t)')

+title('Voltage Waveform')

+subplot(2,1,2)

+plot(t,i,'-r',t2,i_n,'-r')

+xlabel('t')

+ylabel('i(t)')

+title('Current Waveform')

+

diff --git a/1430/CH9/EX9.5/exa9_5.jpg b/1430/CH9/EX9.5/exa9_5.jpg
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diff --git a/1430/CH9/EX9.5/exa9_5.sce b/1430/CH9/EX9.5/exa9_5.sce
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+// Example 9.5

+// Transients in an AM Radio signal

+// From figure 9.16(a)

+omega=15;

+L=1;

+R=26;

+Z_L=%i*omega*L

+V_s1=complex(6,0); // Voltage source phasor t<0

+V_s2=complex(12,0); // Voltage source phasor t>0

+I=V_s1/(R+Z_L); // Current phasor for t<0

+V=Z_L*I; // Voltage phasor for t<0

+I_m=abs(I); // current phasor magnitude

+phase_I= atan(imag(I),real(I))*(180/%pi);

+V_m=abs(V);

+phase_V=atan(imag(V),real(V))*(180/%pi);

+// since current has continuity

+I_0=I_m*cos(atan(imag(I),real(I)));

+// the initial value of v(t)

+V_0=V_s2-R*I_0; // KVL 

+// Phasor analysis for t>0

+I_F=I*2;

+V_F=V*2;

+tau=L/R; // time constant

+I_F_0=abs(I_F)*cos(atan(imag(I_F),real(I_F))); // initial condition

+V_F_0=abs(V_F)*cos(atan(imag(V_F),real(V_F))); // initial condition

+A_I= I_0-I_F_0;

+A_V=V_0-V_F_0;

+t=0:0.01:10;

+i=abs(I_F)*cos(omega*t+atan(imag(I),real(I)))+A_I*exp(-t/tau);

+v=abs(V_F)*cos(omega*t+atan(imag(V),real(V)))+A_V*exp(-t/tau);

+subplot(2,1,1)

+plot(t,i,'-g')

+xlabel('t')

+ylabel('i(t)')

+title('Current waveform')

+subplot(2,1,2)

+plot(t,v,'-r')

+xlabel('t')

+ylabel('v(t)')

+title('Voltage waveform')

diff --git a/1430/CH9/EX9.8/exa9_8.jpg b/1430/CH9/EX9.8/exa9_8.jpg
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diff --git a/1430/CH9/EX9.8/exa9_8.sce b/1430/CH9/EX9.8/exa9_8.sce
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+//Example 9.8

+// Natural Response of a Series LRC Circuit

+// From figure 9.17

+L=0.1;

+R=14;

+C=1/400;

+// Since Excitation is zero by definition of natural response ,we set v_s'=0 in standard 2nd order diffrential equation

+// homogeneneous differential equation will be

+// i_L''+(R/L)*i_L'+(1/(L*C))*i_L=0

+s=%s;

+p=s^2+(R/L)*s+(1/(L*C)); // characteristic equation

+//comparing this equation with standard 2nd order diffrential equation we get

+alpha=R/(2*L);

+omega=sqrt(1/(L*C));

+r=roots(p); // roots of characteristic equation

+// Let us assume values for A's

+A_1= -5;

+A_2= 7;

+t=0:0.001:0.1;

+i_l=A_1*exp(r(2)*t)+A_2*exp(r(1)*t);

+plot(t,i_l) // typical plot of Overdamped Response

+xlabel('t')

+ylabel('i_l(t)')

+title("Overdamped Response of series LRC circuit")

+

diff --git a/1430/CH9/EX9.9/exa9_9.jpg b/1430/CH9/EX9.9/exa9_9.jpg
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diff --git a/1430/CH9/EX9.9/exa9_9.sce b/1430/CH9/EX9.9/exa9_9.sce
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+//Example 9.9

+// Natural response of a Phase-Shift Oscillator

+// Continued from textbook example 9.7

+C=2*10^-6;

+R=100;

+L=10*10^-3;

+K=poly(0,'K'); // Variable gain K

+alpha=(R/(2*L))*(L/(R^2*C)+1-K);

+omega_0=sqrt(2/(L*C));

+K=roots(alpha);

+alpha=horner(alpha,K)

+// Since this is the case of underdamped response

+//Assume value for A_1 for illustration

+A1=complex(0,1.974)

+A1_m=abs(A1);

+phase_A1=atan(imag(A1),real(A1));

+t=0:0.01:1

+t1=0:0.0001:0.02

+v_out1=2*A1_m*cos(omega_0*t+phase_A1) // Underdamped response case1

+K1=1; // New value of gain

+alpha1=(R/(2*L))*(L/(R^2*C)+1-K1);

+omega_d1=sqrt(omega_0^2-alpha1^2);

+v_out2=2*A1_m*%e^(-alpha1*t1).*cos(omega_d1*t1+phase_A1);

+K2=2;

+alpha2=(R/(2*L))*(L/(R^2*C)+1-K2);

+omega_d2=sqrt(omega_0^2-alpha2^2)

+v_out3=2*A1_m*%e^(-alpha2*t1).*cos(omega_d2*t1+phase_A1)

+subplot(3,1,1)

+plot(t,v_out1)

+xlabel('t')

+ylabel('v_out1(t)')

+title('Underdamped case 1')

+subplot(3,1,2)

+plot(t1,v_out2)

+xlabel('t')

+ylabel('v_out1(t)')

+title('Underdamped case 2')

+subplot(3,1,3)

+plot(t1,v_out3)

+xlabel('t')

+ylabel('v_out1(t)')

+title('Underdamped case 3')