initial commit / add all books

18 files changed, 244 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/1397/CH6/EX6.1/6_1.sce b/1397/CH6/EX6.1/6_1.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..98afebd3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1397/CH6/EX6.1/6_1.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+//clc();

+clear;

+//To determine density

+n=8;                //number of atoms per unit cell

+a=5.6*10^-10;       //lattice constant in m

+M=710.59;           //atomic weight of Germanium in a.m.u

+N=6.02*10^26;       //avagadro number in kg/mol

+rho=(n*M)/(N*a^3);

+printf("density in kg/m^3 is ");

+disp(rho);

diff --git a/1397/CH6/EX6.10/6_10.sce b/1397/CH6/EX6.10/6_10.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a03008e29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1397/CH6/EX6.10/6_10.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+//clc();

+clear;

+//To calculate the angle at which third order reflection can occur

+n=3;      //diffraction order

+lambda=0.79*10^-10;      //wavelength in m

+d=3.04*10^-10;          //spacing in m

+theta=asind((n*lambda)/(2*d));

+printf("braggs angle in degrees is");

+disp(theta);

diff --git a/1397/CH6/EX6.11/6_11.sce b/1397/CH6/EX6.11/6_11.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..9b4bddc8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1397/CH6/EX6.11/6_11.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//clc();

+clear;

+//To calculate the glancing angle

+lambda=0.071*10^-9;        //wavelength in m

+//miller indices of diffraction plane

+h=1;

+k=1;

+l=0;

+a=0.28*10^-9;         //lattice constant in m

+n=2;

+d=a/sqrt((h^2)+(k^2)+(l^2));

+disp(d);

+theta=asind((n*lambda)/(2*d));

+printf("glancing angle in degrees is");

+disp(theta);

diff --git a/1397/CH6/EX6.12/6_12.sce b/1397/CH6/EX6.12/6_12.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b7a7c3af8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1397/CH6/EX6.12/6_12.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//clc();

+clear;

+//To calculate the space of the reflecting plane and volume

+lambda=3*10^-10;      //wavelength in m

+h=1;

+k=0;

+l=0;

+theta=40;          //glancing angle in degrees

+n=1;             //diffraction order

+d=(n*lambda)/(2*sind(theta));

+printf("space of the reflecting plane in m is");

+disp(d);

+x=sqrt(h^2+k^2+l^2);

+a=d*x;

+V=a^3;

+printf("volume of unit cell in m^3 is");

+disp(V);

diff --git a/1397/CH6/EX6.13/6_13.sce b/1397/CH6/EX6.13/6_13.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..7ae4989d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1397/CH6/EX6.13/6_13.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//clc();

+clear;

+//To calculate miller indices of reflecting planes

+lambda=0.82;       //wavelength in Angstrom

+theta=75.86;              //glancing angle in degrees

+n=1;        //diffraction order

+a=3;        //lattice constant in Angstrom

+d=(n*lambda)/(2*sind(theta));

+disp(d);

+//but d!=a

+//answer in book is wrong

diff --git a/1397/CH6/EX6.14/6_14.sce b/1397/CH6/EX6.14/6_14.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..05a9c0141
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1397/CH6/EX6.14/6_14.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//clc();

+clear;

+//To calculate the inter planar spacing of reflection planes

+KE=3.76*10^-17;         //kinetic energy of electron in J

+n=1;

+//theta=9.12'.25"

+theta=9.20694;         //by converting to degrees

+h=6.625*10^-34;

+m=9.1*10^-31;

+a=sqrt(2*m*KE);

+lambda=h/a;

+lambda=lambda*10^10;     //converting from metres to angstrom

+disp(lambda);

+d=(n*lambda)/(2*sind(theta));

+printf("inter planar spacing in Angstrom is");

+disp(d);

diff --git a/1397/CH6/EX6.15/6_15.sce b/1397/CH6/EX6.15/6_15.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..14311dcb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1397/CH6/EX6.15/6_15.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//clc();

+clear;

+//To calculate the wavelength and energy of X-ray beam

+theta=27.5;      //diffraction angle in degrees

+n=1;           //diffracted order

+h=1;

+k=1;

+l=1;

+H=6.625*10^-34;      //plancks constant

+c=3*10^10;           //velocity of light

+a=5.63*10^-10;         //lattice constant in m

+d=a/(sqrt(h^2+k^2+l^2));

+lambda=(2*d*sind(theta))/n;

+printf("wavelength in metres is");

+disp(lambda);

+E=(H*c)/lambda;

+E=E/(1.6*10^-19);         //converting from J to eV

+printf("energy of X-ray beam in eV is");

+disp(E);

+

+//answer in book is wrong

diff --git a/1397/CH6/EX6.16/6_16.sce b/1397/CH6/EX6.16/6_16.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5836a7c69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1397/CH6/EX6.16/6_16.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//clc();

+clear;

+//To calculate the spacing of the crystal

+V=854;        //accelerated voltage in V

+theta=56;       //glancing angle in degrees

+n=1;

+h=6.625*10^-34;

+m=9.1*10^-31;

+e=1.6*10^-19;

+lambda=h/(sqrt(2*m*e*V));

+disp(lambda);       //wavelength in m

+d=(n*lambda)/(2*sind(theta));

+printf("spacing of crystal in metres is");

+disp(d);

diff --git a/1397/CH6/EX6.17/6_17.sce b/1397/CH6/EX6.17/6_17.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..33c65adf8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1397/CH6/EX6.17/6_17.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//clc();

+clear;

+//To calculate the lattice parameter of lead

+lambda=1.5*10^-10;

+h=2;

+k=0;

+l=2;

+theta=34;     //bragg angle in degrees

+n=1;

+d=(n*lambda)/(2*sind(theta));

+disp(d);

+a=d*(sqrt(h^2+k^2+l^2));

+a=a*10^10;      //converting from metres into angstrom

+printf("lattice parameter in angstrom is");

+disp(a);

diff --git a/1397/CH6/EX6.18/6_18.sce b/1397/CH6/EX6.18/6_18.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..bf63a5e69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1397/CH6/EX6.18/6_18.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//clc();

+clear;

+//To calculate braggs angle for first order of reflection

+V=5000;        //potential difference in V

+n=1;

+h=1;

+k=1;

+l=1;

+d=0.204*10^-9;     //inter planar spacing in m

+H=6.625*10^-34;     //plancks constant in J

+m=9.1*10^-31;

+e=1.6*10^-19;

+lambda=H/(sqrt(2*m*e*V));

+disp(lambda);

+a=(n*lambda)/(2*d);

+theta=asind(a);

+printf("bragg angle in degrees is");

+disp(theta);

diff --git a/1397/CH6/EX6.2/6_2.sce b/1397/CH6/EX6.2/6_2.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..66bd17260
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1397/CH6/EX6.2/6_2.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+//clc();

+clear;

+//To determine the lattice constant

+n=2;                //number of atoms per unit cell

+M=55.85;           //atomic weight in a.m.u

+N=6.02*10^26;      //avagadro number in kg/mol

+rho=7860;          //density in kg/m^3; 

+a=((n*M)/(N*rho))^(1/3);

+printf("lattice constant in m is ");

+disp(a);

+

+//answer in book is wrong

diff --git a/1397/CH6/EX6.3/6_3.sce b/1397/CH6/EX6.3/6_3.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ce6a95a25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1397/CH6/EX6.3/6_3.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//clc();

+clear;

+//To determine the lattice constant

+n=2;                //number of atoms per unit cell

+M=6.94;           //atomic weight in a.m.u

+N=6.02*10^26;      //avagadro number in kg/mol

+rho=530;          //density in kg/m^3; 

+a0=((n*M)/(N*rho))^(1/3);

+a=a0*10^10;

+printf("lattice constant in Armstrong is ");

+disp(a);

diff --git a/1397/CH6/EX6.4/6_4.sce b/1397/CH6/EX6.4/6_4.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..174cf96b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1397/CH6/EX6.4/6_4.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+//clc();

+clear;

+//To calculate the number of atoms per unit cell

+a=2.9*10^-10;      //lattice parameter in m

+M=55.85;           //molecular weight in kg/m^3

+N=6.02*10^26;      //avagadro number in kg/mol

+rho=7870;          //density in kg/m^3; 

+n=(rho*N*(a^3))/M;

+printf("number of atoms is ");

+disp(n);

diff --git a/1397/CH6/EX6.5/6_5.sce b/1397/CH6/EX6.5/6_5.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a0cc69cc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1397/CH6/EX6.5/6_5.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+//clc();

+clear;

+//To calculate the density

+r=0.1278*10^-9;     //atomic radius in m

+n=4;                //number of atoms per unit volume

+M=63.5;           //atomic weight in a.m.u

+N=6.02*10^26;      //avagadro number in kg/mol

+a=sqrt(8)*r;

+rho=(n*M)/(N*(a^3));

+printf("density in kg/m^3 is ");

+disp(rho);

diff --git a/1397/CH6/EX6.6/6_6.sce b/1397/CH6/EX6.6/6_6.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..6097006ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1397/CH6/EX6.6/6_6.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//clc();

+clear;

+//To calculate the percentage of volume change

+T=910;         //temperature in C

+r1=1.258;      //initial atomic radius in Armstrong

+r2=1.292;      //latter atomic radius in Armstrong

+a1=(4*r1)/sqrt(3);    //lattice constant in BCC structure

+Vu1=a1^3;    //volume of unit cell of BCC

+n1=2;

+V1=Vu1/n1;

+disp(V1);

+a2=2*sqrt(2)*r2;    //lattice constant in FCC structure

+Vu2=a2^3;    //volume of unit cell of FCC

+n2=4;

+V2=Vu2/n2;

+disp(V2);

+PV=(V1-V2)*100/V2;

+printf("percentage volume change is")

+disp(PV);

diff --git a/1397/CH6/EX6.7/6_7.sce b/1397/CH6/EX6.7/6_7.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5c5b9d037
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1397/CH6/EX6.7/6_7.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+//clc();

+clear;

+//To calculate the maximum radius of sphere

+//for FCC structure a=(4*r)/sqrt(2)

+//R=(a/2)-r

+//hence R=0.414*r on simplification

diff --git a/1397/CH6/EX6.8/6_8.sce b/1397/CH6/EX6.8/6_8.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..705395fe4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1397/CH6/EX6.8/6_8.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//clc();

+clear;

+//To calculate the distance between two adjacent atoms

+MW=23+35.5;     //Molecular weight of NaCl

+N=6.023*10^23;

+M=MW/N;        //mass of NaCl molecule in gm

+m=2.18;        //mass of unit volume of NaCl in gm

+Nm=m/M;

+disp(Nm);

+Na=2*Nm;       //number of atoms per unit volume

+V=1;          //volume of unit cube in cm^3

+//V=n^3*a^3

+//n^3=Na

+a=(1/Na)^(1/3);

+printf("distance between two adjacent atoms in cm is ")

+disp(a);

diff --git a/1397/CH6/EX6.9/6_9.sce b/1397/CH6/EX6.9/6_9.sce
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..4757fbe66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/1397/CH6/EX6.9/6_9.sce
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//clc();

+clear;

+//To calculate the wavelength of X-rays and maximum order of diffraction

+d=0.282*10^-9;          //lattice spacing in m

+theta1=8.58333;     //glancing angle in degrees

+n1=1;

+lambda=(2*d*sind(theta1))/n1;

+printf("wavelength in Armstrong is ");

+disp(lambda);

+theta=90;          //bragg's angle for maximum order of diffraction

+n=(2*d*sind(theta))/lambda;

+printf("maximum order of diffraction possible is ");

+disp(n);