path: root/_Programming_With_C/chapter7.ipynb

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 "worksheets": [
  {
   "cells": [
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "<h1>Chapter 7: Functions<h1>"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "<h3>Example 7.1, Page number: 7.2<h3>"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# lowercase to uppercase character conversion\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "def lower_to_upper(c1):\n",
      "\n",
      "    if c1>='a' and c1<='z':\n",
      "        c2=chr(ord('A')+ord(c1)-ord('a'))\n",
      "\n",
      "    else:\n",
      "        c2=c1\n",
      "\n",
      "    return c2\n",
      "\n",
      "lower='g'\n",
      "upper=lower_to_upper(lower)\n",
      "print \"the upper case equivalent is : \",upper\n",
      "\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "the upper case equivalent is :  G\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 5
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "<h3>Example 7.3, Page number: 7.5<h3>"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# a variation to the function appeared in example 7.1\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "def lower_to_upper(c1):\n",
      "\n",
      "    if c1>='a' and c1<='z':\n",
      "        return (chr(ord('A')+ord(c1)-ord('a')))\n",
      "    else:\n",
      "        return c1\n",
      "\n",
      "lower='g'\n",
      "upper=lower_to_upper(lower)\n",
      "print \"The uppercase equivalent is : \",upper\n",
      "\n",
      "\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "The uppercase equivalent is :  G\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 6
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "<h3>Example 7.4, Page number: 7.5<h3> "
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# determine the larger of the two integer quantities\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "def maximum(x,y):\n",
      "    if x>=y:\n",
      "        z=x\n",
      "    else:\n",
      "        z=y\n",
      "\n",
      "    print \"Maximum value is : \",z\n",
      "\n",
      "    return\n",
      "\n",
      "maximum(5,6)\n",
      "maximum(6,5)\n",
      "maximum(5,5)\n",
      "\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Maximum value is :  6\n",
        "Maximum value is :  6\n",
        "Maximum value is :  5\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 7
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "<h3>Example 7.5, Page number: 7.5<h3>"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# calculates the factorial of n\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "def factorial(n):\n",
      "    prod=1\n",
      "    if n>1:\n",
      "        for i in range(2,n+1):\n",
      "            prod=prod*i\n",
      "\n",
      "    return prod\n",
      "\n",
      "fact=factorial(6)\n",
      "print \"Its factorial is : \",fact\n",
      "\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Its factorial is :  720\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 8
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "<h3>Example 7.7, Page number: 7.7<h3>"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# finds max\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "def maximum(x,y):\n",
      "\n",
      "    if x>=y:\n",
      "        z=x\n",
      "    else:\n",
      "        z=y\n",
      "\n",
      "    print 'Maximum value is = ',z\n",
      "    return\n",
      "\n",
      "maximum(5,9)\n",
      "maximum(8,3)\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Maximum value is =  9\n",
        "Maximum value is =  8\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 9
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "<h3>Example 7.9, Page number: 7.8<h3>"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# Largest of the three quantities\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "def maximum(x,y):\n",
      "    if x>=y:\n",
      "        z=x\n",
      "    else:\n",
      "        z=y\n",
      "\n",
      "    return z\n",
      "\n",
      "a=5\n",
      "b=4\n",
      "c=7\n",
      "\n",
      "d=maximum(a,b)\n",
      "print \"Maximum = \",maximum(c,d)\n",
      "\n",
      "\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Maximum =  7\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 10
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "<h3>Example 7.10, Page number: 7.10<h3>"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# calculates the factorial of n\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "def factorial(n):\n",
      "    prod=1\n",
      "    if n>1:\n",
      "        for i in range(2,n+1):\n",
      "            prod=prod*i\n",
      "\n",
      "    return prod\n",
      "\n",
      "n=7\n",
      "fact=factorial(n)\n",
      "print \"Its factorial is : \",fact\n",
      "\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Its factorial is :  5040\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 11
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "<h3>Example 7.11, Page number: 7.12<h3>"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# Simulation of a game of chance (shooting craps)\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "def play():\n",
      "    print \"Throwing the dice....\"\n",
      "    score1=throw()\n",
      "    print \"%2d\" %(score1)\n",
      "\n",
      "    if score1==7 or score1==11:\n",
      "        print \"Congratulations!! you WIN on the first throw\"\n",
      "\n",
      "    elif score1==2 or score1==3 or score1==12:\n",
      "        print \"sorry!! you LOSE on the first throw\"\n",
      "\n",
      "    else:\n",
      "        while(True):\n",
      "            print \"Throwing the dice again...\"\n",
      "            score2=throw()\n",
      "            print \"%2d\" %(score2)\n",
      "            if score2==score1 or score2==7:\n",
      "                break\n",
      "\n",
      "        if score2==score1:\n",
      "            print \"You WIN by matching your first score\"\n",
      "        else:\n",
      "            print \"You LOSE by failing to match your first score\"\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "    return\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "def throw():\n",
      "\n",
      "    n1=random.randrange(1,7)\n",
      "    n2=random.randrange(1,7)\n",
      "    return n1+n2\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "import random\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Welcome to the Game of Craps \\n\\n\"\n",
      "random.seed(2365)\n",
      "play()\n",
      "\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Welcome to the Game of Craps \n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "Throwing the dice....\n",
        " 9\n",
        "Throwing the dice again...\n",
        " 4\n",
        "Throwing the dice again...\n",
        "11\n",
        "Throwing the dice again...\n",
        " 9\n",
        "You WIN by matching your first score\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 12
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "<h3>Example 7.12, Page number: 7.18<h3>"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# function that alters the value of the argument\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "def modify(a):\n",
      "    a=a*3\n",
      "    print \"a= %d (from the function, after being modified)\" %(a)\n",
      "    return\n",
      "\n",
      "a=2\n",
      "print \"a=%d (from main, before calling the function)\" %(a)\n",
      "modify(a)\n",
      "print \"a=%d (from main, after calling the function)\" %(a)\n",
      "\n",
      "\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "a=2 (from main, before calling the function)\n",
        "a= 6 (from the function, after being modified)\n",
        "a=2 (from main, after calling the function)\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 13
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "<h3>Example 7.13, Page number: 7.19<h3>"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# calculating depreciation\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "def sl(val,n):\n",
      "    deprec=val/n\n",
      "    print \"in \",n\n",
      "    \n",
      "    for year in range(1,n+1):\n",
      "        val=val-deprec\n",
      "        writeoutput(year,deprec,val)\n",
      "\n",
      "    return\n",
      "\n",
      "def ddb(val,n):\n",
      "    for year in range(1,n+1):\n",
      "        deprec=2*val/n\n",
      "        val=val-deprec\n",
      "        writeoutput(year,deprec,val)\n",
      "\n",
      "    return\n",
      "\n",
      "def syd(val,n):\n",
      "    tag=val\n",
      "    for year in range(1,n+1):\n",
      "        deprec=(n-year+1)*tag/(n*(n+1)/2)\n",
      "        val=val-deprec\n",
      "        writeoutput(year,deprec,val)\n",
      "\n",
      "    return\n",
      "\n",
      "def writeoutput(year,depreciation,value):\n",
      "    print \"End of the year %2d  Depreciation: %7.2f  Current Value: %8.2f\" %(year,depreciation,value)\n",
      "\n",
      "    return\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "def main(choice,val,n):\n",
      "    \n",
      "    print \"Original value : \",val\n",
      "    val=float(val)\n",
      "    print \"Number of years : \",n\n",
      "\n",
      "    if choice==1:\n",
      "        print \"Straight-Line Method\\n\\n\"\n",
      "        sl(val,n)\n",
      "    elif choice==2:\n",
      "        print \"Double-Declining-Balance Method \\n\\n\"\n",
      "        ddb(val,n)\n",
      "    elif choice==3:\n",
      "        print \"Sum-Of-The-Years'-Digits Method\"\n",
      "        syd(val,n)\n",
      "\n",
      "    return\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"\\n\\nMethod: (1-SL 2-DDB 3-SYD)\"\n",
      "main(1,8000,10)\n",
      "print \"\\n\\nMethod: (1-SL 2-DDB 3-SYD)\"\n",
      "main(2,8000,10)\n",
      "print \"\\n\\nMethod: (1-SL 2-DDB 3-SYD)\"\n",
      "main(3,8000,10)\n",
      "print \"\\n\\nMethod: (1-SL 2-DDB 3-SYD)\"\n",
      "main(1,5000,4)\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "    \n",
      "    \n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "Method: (1-SL 2-DDB 3-SYD)\n",
        "Original value :  8000\n",
        "Number of years :  10\n",
        "Straight-Line Method\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "in  10\n",
        "End of the year  1  Depreciation:  800.00  Current Value:  7200.00\n",
        "End of the year  2  Depreciation:  800.00  Current Value:  6400.00\n",
        "End of the year  3  Depreciation:  800.00  Current Value:  5600.00\n",
        "End of the year  4  Depreciation:  800.00  Current Value:  4800.00\n",
        "End of the year  5  Depreciation:  800.00  Current Value:  4000.00\n",
        "End of the year  6  Depreciation:  800.00  Current Value:  3200.00\n",
        "End of the year  7  Depreciation:  800.00  Current Value:  2400.00\n",
        "End of the year  8  Depreciation:  800.00  Current Value:  1600.00\n",
        "End of the year  9  Depreciation:  800.00  Current Value:   800.00\n",
        "End of the year 10  Depreciation:  800.00  Current Value:     0.00\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "Method: (1-SL 2-DDB 3-SYD)\n",
        "Original value :  8000\n",
        "Number of years :  10\n",
        "Double-Declining-Balance Method \n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "End of the year  1  Depreciation: 1600.00  Current Value:  6400.00\n",
        "End of the year  2  Depreciation: 1280.00  Current Value:  5120.00\n",
        "End of the year  3  Depreciation: 1024.00  Current Value:  4096.00\n",
        "End of the year  4  Depreciation:  819.20  Current Value:  3276.80\n",
        "End of the year  5  Depreciation:  655.36  Current Value:  2621.44\n",
        "End of the year  6  Depreciation:  524.29  Current Value:  2097.15\n",
        "End of the year  7  Depreciation:  419.43  Current Value:  1677.72\n",
        "End of the year  8  Depreciation:  335.54  Current Value:  1342.18\n",
        "End of the year  9  Depreciation:  268.44  Current Value:  1073.74\n",
        "End of the year 10  Depreciation:  214.75  Current Value:   858.99\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "Method: (1-SL 2-DDB 3-SYD)\n",
        "Original value :  8000\n",
        "Number of years :  10\n",
        "Sum-Of-The-Years'-Digits Method\n",
        "End of the year  1  Depreciation: 1454.55  Current Value:  6545.45\n",
        "End of the year  2  Depreciation: 1309.09  Current Value:  5236.36\n",
        "End of the year  3  Depreciation: 1163.64  Current Value:  4072.73\n",
        "End of the year  4  Depreciation: 1018.18  Current Value:  3054.55\n",
        "End of the year  5  Depreciation:  872.73  Current Value:  2181.82\n",
        "End of the year  6  Depreciation:  727.27  Current Value:  1454.55\n",
        "End of the year  7  Depreciation:  581.82  Current Value:   872.73\n",
        "End of the year  8  Depreciation:  436.36  Current Value:   436.36\n",
        "End of the year  9  Depreciation:  290.91  Current Value:   145.45\n",
        "End of the year 10  Depreciation:  145.45  Current Value:     0.00\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "Method: (1-SL 2-DDB 3-SYD)\n",
        "Original value :  5000\n",
        "Number of years :  4\n",
        "Straight-Line Method\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "in  4\n",
        "End of the year  1  Depreciation: 1250.00  Current Value:  3750.00\n",
        "End of the year  2  Depreciation: 1250.00  Current Value:  2500.00\n",
        "End of the year  3  Depreciation: 1250.00  Current Value:  1250.00\n",
        "End of the year  4  Depreciation: 1250.00  Current Value:     0.00\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 14
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "<h3>Example 7.14, Page number: 7.24<h3>"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# calculating factorials in recursive way\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "def factorial(n):\n",
      "\n",
      "    if n<=1:\n",
      "        return 1\n",
      "\n",
      "    else:\n",
      "        return (n*factorial(n-1))\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "n=10\n",
      "fact=factorial(n)\n",
      "print \"Its factorial is \",fact\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Its factorial is  3628800\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 15
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "<h3>Example 7.15, Page number: 7.26<h3>"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# Printing Backwards: (recrsive)\n",
      "\n",
      "def reverse(text,n):\n",
      "\n",
      "    if n<0:\n",
      "        return\n",
      "    else:\n",
      "        print text[n],\n",
      "        reverse(text,n-1)\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "text='Now is the time for all good men to come to tje aid of their country!'\n",
      "n=len(text)\n",
      "reverse(text,n-1)\n",
      "    \n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "! y r t n u o c   r i e h t   f o   d i a   e j t   o t   e m o c   o t   n e m   d o o g   l l a   r o f   e m i t   e h t   s i   w o N\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 16
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "<h3>Example 7.16, Page number: 7.16<h3>"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "# the Towers of Hanoi - using recursion\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "def transfer(n,From,to,temp):\n",
      "\n",
      "    if n>0:\n",
      "        transfer(n-1,From,temp,to)\n",
      "        print \"Move disk %d from %c to %c\" %(n,From,to)\n",
      "        transfer(n-1,temp,to,From)\n",
      "\n",
      "    return\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Welcome to the TOWERS OF HANOI \\n\\n\"\n",
      "transfer(3,'L','R','C')"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Welcome to the TOWERS OF HANOI \n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "Move disk 1 from L to R\n",
        "Move disk 2 from L to C\n",
        "Move disk 1 from R to C\n",
        "Move disk 3 from L to R\n",
        "Move disk 1 from C to L\n",
        "Move disk 2 from C to R\n",
        "Move disk 1 from L to R\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 17
    }
   ],
   "metadata": {}
  }
 ]
}