path: root/Principles_of_Power_System/chapter3.ipynb

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  {
   "cells": [
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 1,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Chapter 3: Principles of Power System"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.1, Page Number: 50"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "#Variable declaration:\n",
      "M = 100                          #Maximum demand on power station(MW)\n",
      "L = 0.40                         #annual load factor\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculation:\n",
      "E = M*L*8760*10**6              #Energy generated in a year(kWh)\n",
      "\n",
      "#Results:\n",
      "print \"Energy generated in a year is (\",E/10**8,\"* 10^5) kWh\" "
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Energy generated in a year is ( 3504.0 * 10^5) kWh\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 1
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.2, Page Number: 50"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from __future__ import division\n",
      "\n",
      "#Variable declaration:\n",
      "L = 43                      #connected load(MW)\n",
      "M = 20                      #Maximum demand(MW)\n",
      "E = 61.5*10**6              #Units genearted per annum(kWh)\n",
      "\n",
      "#calculation:\n",
      "DF = M/L                    #demand factor\n",
      "LF = E/(M*8760*1000)          #load factor\n",
      "\n",
      "#Results:\n",
      "print \"The demand factor is\",round(DF,3)\n",
      "print \"Load factor is \",round(LF*100,1),\"%\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "The demand factor is 0.465\n",
        "Load factor is  35.1 %\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 2
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.3, Page Number: 50"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from __future__ import division\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#variable declaration:\n",
      "\n",
      "#power station delivers 100 MW for 2 hours, \n",
      "#50 MW for 6 hours and is shut down for the rest\n",
      "#of each day.\n",
      "M = 100                       #Maximum capacity of station(MW)\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculation:\n",
      "E1 = 100*2+50*6                #Energy supplied per day(MWh)\n",
      "n = 365-45                     #No.of working days\n",
      "LF = E1*320/(M*n*24)               #load factor\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Annual load factor is\",round(LF*100,1),\"%\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Annual load factor is 20.8 %\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 3
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.4, Page Number: 50"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from __future__ import division\n",
      "\n",
      "#Variable declaration:\n",
      "M = 25                      #Maximum demand(MW)\n",
      "LF = 0.60                   #Load factor\n",
      "PCF = 0.50                  #plant capacity factor\n",
      "PUF = 0.72                  #plant use factor\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculations:\n",
      "L = LF*M                    #Average load(MW)\n",
      "PC = L/PCF                  #Plant gapacity(MW)\n",
      "R = PC-M                    #Reserve capacity(MW)\n",
      "E = L*24                    #daily energy produced(MWh)\n",
      "ME = E/PUF                  #Maximum energy produced(MWh/day)\n",
      "\n",
      "#Results:\n",
      "print \"Reserve capacity is \",R,\"MW\"\n",
      "print \"Daily energy produced is\",E,\"MWh\"\n",
      "print \"Maximum energy that could be produced dauly is \",ME,\"MWh/day\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Reserve capacity is  5.0 MW\n",
        "Daily energy produced is 360.0 MWh\n",
        "Maximum energy that could be produced dauly is  500.0 MWh/day\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 4
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.5, Page Number: 51"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from __future__ import division\n",
      "\n",
      "#Variable declaration:\n",
      "M = 2500                 #Maximum demand(kW)\n",
      "E = 45*10**5             #kWh/year\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculation:\n",
      "D = (1500+750+100+450)/M    #diversity factor\n",
      "LF = E/(M*8760)              #Annual load factor\n",
      "\n",
      "#Results:\n",
      "print \"Diversity factor is\",D\n",
      "print \"Annual load factor is\",round(LF*100,1),\"%\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Diversity factor is 1.12\n",
        "Annual load factor is 20.5 %\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 5
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.6, Page Number: 51"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from __future__ import division\n",
      "\n",
      "#Variable declaration:\n",
      "M = 15000              #Max demand(kW)\n",
      "LF = 0.50              #Annual load factor\n",
      "PCF = 0.4              #Plant capacity factor\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculations:\n",
      "L = LF*M               #load factor(kW)\n",
      "PC = L/PCF             #plant capacity(kW)\n",
      "R = PC-M               #Reserve capacity(kW)\n",
      "\n",
      "#Results:\n",
      "print \"The reserve capacity is \",R,\"kW\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "The reserve capacity is  3750.0 kW\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 6
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.7, Page Number: 51"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from __future__ import division\n",
      "\n",
      "#Variable declaration:\n",
      "DFo = 1.35              #Overall diversity factor of system\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculations:\n",
      "M = (1500+2000+10000)/DFo    #max demand(kW)\n",
      "#for domestic load:\n",
      "CL1 = (1500*1.2)/0.8          #kW\n",
      "\n",
      "#for Commercial load:\n",
      "CL2 = 2000*1.1/0.9             #kW\n",
      "\n",
      "#for Industrial load:\n",
      "CL3 = 10000*1.25/1             #kW\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Results:\n",
      "print \"Maximum demand is \",M,\"kW\"\n",
      "print \"Connected loads for each type are:\"\n",
      "print CL1,\"kW \",round(CL2),\"kW \",CL3,\"kW\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Maximum demand is  10000.0 kW\n",
        "Connected loads for each type are:\n",
        "2250.0 kW  2444.0 kW  12500.0 kW\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 7
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.8, Page Number: 52"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "#Variable declaration:\n",
      "Dt = 1.3             #Diversity among transformers\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculation:\n",
      "#for transformer 1:\n",
      "M1 = (10*0.65)/1.5            #Max demand (kW)\n",
      "\n",
      "#for transformer 2:\n",
      "M2 = (12*0.6)/3.5            #max demand(kW)\n",
      "\n",
      "#for transformer:\n",
      "M3 = (15*0.7)/1.5             #max demand(kW)\n",
      "\n",
      "Mf = (M1+M2+M3)/Dt           #Maximum demand on feeder(kW)\n",
      "\n",
      "#Results:\n",
      "print \"Maximum load on the feeder is \",round(Mf,1),\"kW\"\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Maximum load on the feeder is  10.3 kW\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 8
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.9, Page Number: 52"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "#Variable declaration:\n",
      "n1 = 1000               #No of houses\n",
      "CL1 = 1.5               #Avg connected load in each house(kW)\n",
      "DF1 = 0.4                #Demand factor\n",
      "DvF = 2.5               #Diversity factor\n",
      "\n",
      "n2 = 10                  #no. of factories\n",
      "M2 = 90                 #factory overall max demand(kW)\n",
      "\n",
      "n3 = 7                  #no of tubewells\n",
      "C3 = 7                  #capacity of tubewells(kW)\n",
      "\n",
      "DF = 1.2                #Diversity factor among above types of consumers\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculations:\n",
      "Ms = ((DF1*n1*CL1)/DvF)+M2+n3*C3      #Sum of maximum demand on the station(kW)\n",
      "M = Ms/DF                             #maximum demand on the station(kW)\n",
      "\n",
      "#Results:\n",
      "print \"Minimum capacity on the power station is\",round(M),\"kW\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Minimum capacity on the power station is 316.0 kW\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 9
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.10, Page Number: 53"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from __future__ import division\n",
      "%matplotlib inline\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculations:\n",
      "M = 70.0                      #Max demand, from load curve(MW)\n",
      "E = 40*6+50*4+60*2+50*4+70*4+40*4        #Units generated per day(MWh)\n",
      "L = E/24                     #Avg load(MW)\n",
      "LF = L/M                     #Load factor\n",
      "\n",
      "n1 = linspace(0,6,10);\n",
      "M1 = linspace(40,40,10);\n",
      "plot(n1,M1);\n",
      "hold(True);\n",
      "\n",
      "n2 = linspace(6,10,10);\n",
      "M2 = linspace(50,50,10);\n",
      "plot(n2,M2,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "n3 = linspace(10,12,10);\n",
      "M3 = linspace(60,60,10);\n",
      "plot(n3,M3,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "n4 = linspace(12,16,10);\n",
      "M4 = linspace(50,50,10);\n",
      "plot(n4,M4,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "n5 = linspace(16,20,10);\n",
      "M5 = linspace(70,70,10);\n",
      "plot(n5,M5,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "n6 = linspace(20,24,10);\n",
      "M6 = linspace(40,40,10);\n",
      "plot(n6,M6,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "ylim(0,100);\n",
      "xlim(0,24);\n",
      "grid(1,linewidth=0.5);\n",
      "ylabel(\"Load in MW  ------>\");\n",
      "xlabel(\"Time in hours   ----->\");\n",
      "title(\"Daily Load Curve\")\n",
      "\n",
      "#Results:\n",
      "print \"Maximum demand is \",M,\"MW\"\n",
      "print \"Units generated per day is (\",E/100,\"* 10^5)  kWh\"\n",
      "print \"Average load is\",L*1000,\"kW\"\n",
      "print \"Load factor is \",round(LF*100,1),\"%\"\n",
      "print \"The Daily load curve is shown below:\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Populating the interactive namespace from numpy and matplotlib\n",
        "Maximum demand is "
       ]
      },
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        " 70.0 MW\n",
        "Units generated per day is ( 12.0 * 10^5)  kWh\n",
        "Average load is 50000.0 kW\n",
        "Load factor is  71.4 %\n",
        "The Daily load curve is shown below:\n"
       ]
      },
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "display_data",
       "png": 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cXGztEmwSc1HGXPSJnInNNIHc3Fw0b95ct+3r64vc3FwrVkREZP9spglIkmTt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\n",
       "text": [
        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x4a7dfb0>"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 31
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.11, Page Number: 54"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from __future__ import division\n",
      "%matplotlib inline\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculation:\n",
      "M = 350.0                             #Maximum demand(kW)\n",
      "DF = (200+100+50+100)/M        #Diversity factor\n",
      "E = 100*6+(100+50)*2+(200+100+50)*2+(200+100)*8+100*6    #kWh/day\n",
      "LF = E/(24*M)                           #load factor\n",
      "\n",
      "n1 = linspace(0,6,10);\n",
      "M1 = linspace(100,100,10);\n",
      "plot(n1,M1);\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "hold(True);\n",
      "\n",
      "n2 = linspace(6,8,10);\n",
      "M2 = linspace(150,150,10);\n",
      "plot(n2,M2,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "n3 = linspace(8,10,10);\n",
      "M3 = linspace(350,350,10);\n",
      "plot(n3,M3,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "n4 = linspace(10,18,10);\n",
      "M4 = linspace(300,300,10);\n",
      "plot(n4,M4,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "n5 = linspace(18,24,10);\n",
      "M5 = linspace(100,100,10);\n",
      "plot(n5,M5,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "ylim(0,400);\n",
      "xlim(0,24);\n",
      "grid(linewidth=0.5);\n",
      "ylabel(\"Load in kW  ------>\");\n",
      "xlabel(\"Time in hours   ----->\");\n",
      "title(\"Daily Load Curve\")\n",
      "\n",
      "#Results:\n",
      "print \"Diversity factor is \",round(DF,3)\n",
      "print \"Unis generated per day is \",E,\"kWh\"\n",
      "print \"Load factor is \",round(LF*100,1),\"%\"\n",
      "print \"The daily load curve is shown below:\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Populating the interactive namespace from numpy and matplotlib\n",
        "Diversity factor is "
       ]
      },
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        " 1.286\n",
        "Unis generated per day is  4600 kWh\n",
        "Load factor is  54.8 %\n",
        "The daily load curve is shown below:\n"
       ]
      },
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "display_data",
       "png": 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8kszMTNq3b09CQoLb72Px4sXMmzeP4OBgIiMjXc40fK1jx44sW7as\nyW1gxXx0GWoREZPTsFhExORUCERETE6FQETE5FQIRERMToVARMTkVAhERExOhUBExORUCERETO7/\nAV3udrfsY+WJAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
       "text": [
        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x49b18b0>"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 30
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.12, Page Number: 54"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from __future__ import division\n",
      "%matplotlib inline\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculation:\n",
      "M1 = 800                     #max demand of consumer 1(Watts)\n",
      "M2 = 1000                    #max demand of consumer 2(Watts)\n",
      "M3 = 1200                    #max demand of consumer 3(Watts)\n",
      "\n",
      "n1 = linspace(0,8,10);\n",
      "m1 = linspace(200,200,10);\n",
      "plot(n1,m1);\n",
      "\n",
      "hold(True);\n",
      "n2 = linspace(8,14,10);\n",
      "m2 = linspace(800,800,10);\n",
      "plot(n2,m2,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "n3 = linspace(14,16,10);\n",
      "m3 = linspace(2400,2400,10);\n",
      "plot(n3,m3,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "n4 = linspace(16,22,10);\n",
      "m4 = linspace(800,800,10);\n",
      "plot(n4,m4,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "n5 = linspace(22,24,10);\n",
      "m5 = linspace(400,400,10);\n",
      "plot(n5,m5,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "ylim(0,2500);\n",
      "xlim(0,24);\n",
      "grid(linewidth=0.5);\n",
      "ylabel(\"Load in Watts  ------>\");\n",
      "xlabel(\"Time in hours   ----->\");\n",
      "title(\"Daily Load Curve\");\n",
      "annotate(\"(Midnight)\",xy=(0,0));\n",
      "annotate(\"(Midnight)\",xy=(24,0));\n",
      "annotate(\"(Noon)\",xy=(12,0));\n",
      "\n",
      "#load factors of each consumers:\n",
      "LF1 = (600*6+200*2+800*6)/(24*M1)\n",
      "LF2 = (200*8+1000*2+200*2)/(24*M2)\n",
      "LF3 = (200*6+1200*2+200*2)/(24*M3)\n",
      "#The simultaneous maximum demand on the station is 200 + 1000 + 1200 = 2400 W\n",
      "#and occurs from 2 P.M. to 4 P.M.\n",
      "DF = (M1+M2+M3)/2400.0           #Diversity factor\n",
      "LF = (200*8+800*6+2400*2+800*6+400*2)/(24*2400.0)         #load factor\n",
      "\n",
      "#Results:\n",
      "print \"(i)  The maximum demand of individual consumers are:\"\n",
      "print \"\\tConsumer 1 =\",M1,\"W, Consumer 2 =\",M2,\"W, Consumer 3 =\",M3,\"W\"\n",
      "print \"\\n(ii)Load Factors of individual consumers are:\"\n",
      "print \"\\tConsumer 1 =\",round(LF1*100,1),\"%, Consumer 2 =\",round(LF2*100,1),\"\"\"%,\n",
      "\\tConsumer 3 =\"\"\",round(LF3*100,1),\"%\"\n",
      "print \"\\n(iii)Diversity factor is \",DF\n",
      "print \"\\n(iv) Load factor of the station is\",round(LF*100,1),\"%\"\n",
      "print \"\\n   The load curve is shown below:\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Populating the interactive namespace from numpy and matplotlib\n",
        "(i)  The maximum demand of individual consumers are:"
       ]
      },
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "\n",
        "\tConsumer 1 = 800 W, Consumer 2 = 1000 W, Consumer 3 = 1200 W\n",
        "\n",
        "(ii)Load Factors of individual consumers are:\n",
        "\tConsumer 1 = 45.8 %, Consumer 2 = 16.7 %,\n",
        "\tConsumer 3 = 13.9 %\n",
        "\n",
        "(iii)Diversity factor is  1.25\n",
        "\n",
        "(iv) Load factor of the station is 29.2 %\n",
        "\n",
        "   The load curve is shown below:\n"
       ]
      },
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "display_data",
       "png": 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mJg2KjIfXAMljXgwxJ/KYF8tX44dRMjIyEBYWJvXlHB0dsW7dugY3q1NDQ5WI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\n/wAb/9x823/nZQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
       "text": [
        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x49b1ed0>"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 29
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.13, Page Number: 55"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from __future__ import division\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Variable declaration:\n",
      "A = 12                     #Area of load curve(cm**2)\n",
      "Lo = 1000                  #load under 1cm length(kW)\n",
      "To = 2                     #time under 1cm length(hr)\n",
      "M = 3000                   #maximum demand(kW)\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculation:\n",
      "L = Lo*To*A/24             #Average load(kW)\n",
      "LF = L/M                   #load factor\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Results:\n",
      "print \"Load factor is\",round(LF*100,1),\"%\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Load factor is 33.3 %\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 13
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.14, Page Number: 56"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from __future__ import division\n",
      "\n",
      "#Variable declaration:\n",
      "C = 75                      #Capacity of each generator(MW)\n",
      "n = 4                       #No. of generators\n",
      "CV = 10000                  #Calorific value of oil used(kcal/kg)\n",
      "H = 2860                    #Avg heat rate(kcal/kWh)\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculation:\n",
      "E = (260*6+200*8+160*4+100*6)            #Units generated per day(MWh)\n",
      "L = E/24                    #Avg load(MW)\n",
      "LF  =L/260                  #Load factor\n",
      "PCF = L/(n*C)               #Plant capacity\n",
      "TH = H*E*10**3              #heat generated per day(kcal)\n",
      "w = TH/CV                   #daily fuel requirement(kg)\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Daily load factor is\",round(LF*100,1),\"%\"\n",
      "print \"Plant capacity factor is\",round(PCF*100,1),\"%\"\n",
      "print \"Daily fuel requirement is (\",w/1000,\"* 10^3)  kg\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Daily load factor is 70.5 %\n",
        "Plant capacity factor is 61.1 %\n",
        "Daily fuel requirement is ( 1258.4 * 10^3)  kg\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 14
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.15, Page Number: 56"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from __future__ import division\n",
      "%matplotlib inline\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculations:\n",
      "E = 20*2+40*4+60*4+20*4+50*4+20*6    #Units generated per day(MWh)\n",
      "\n",
      "#1st plot\n",
      "subplot(1,3,1)\n",
      "n1 = linspace(0,8,10);\n",
      "m1 = linspace(20,20,10);\n",
      "plot(n1,m1);\n",
      "\n",
      "hold(True);\n",
      "n2 = linspace(8,12,10);\n",
      "m2 = linspace(40,40,10);\n",
      "plot(n2,m2,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "n3 = linspace(12,16,10);\n",
      "m3 = linspace(60,60,10);\n",
      "plot(n3,m3,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "n4 = linspace(16,20,10);\n",
      "m4 = linspace(20,20,10);\n",
      "plot(n4,m4,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "n5 = linspace(20,24,10);\n",
      "m5 = linspace(40,40,10);\n",
      "plot(n5,m5,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "ylim(0,100);\n",
      "xlim(0,24);\n",
      "grid(linewidth=0.5);\n",
      "ylabel(\"Load in MW  ------>\");\n",
      "xlabel(\"Time in hours   ----->\");\n",
      "title(\"$(i)$ Daily Load Curve\");\n",
      "\n",
      "#next plot\n",
      "subplot(1,3,3)\n",
      "n1 = linspace(0,4,10);\n",
      "m1 = linspace(60,60,10);\n",
      "plot(n1,m1);\n",
      "\n",
      "hold(True);\n",
      "n2 = linspace(4,8,10);\n",
      "m2 = linspace(50,50,10);\n",
      "plot(n2,m2,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "n3 = linspace(8,12,10);\n",
      "m3 = linspace(40,40,10);\n",
      "plot(n3,m3,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "n4 = linspace(12,24,10);\n",
      "m4 = linspace(20,20,10);\n",
      "plot(n4,m4,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "ylim(0,100);\n",
      "xlim(0,24);\n",
      "grid(linewidth=0.5);\n",
      "ylabel(\"Load in MW  ------>\");\n",
      "xlabel(\"Hours duration  ----->\");\n",
      "title(\"$(ii)$ Load Duration Curve\");\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Results:\n",
      "print \"Energy generated per day is (\",E,\"* 10^3)  kWh\"\n",
      "print \"\\nThe daily load curve and load duration curves are shown below:\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Populating the interactive namespace from numpy and matplotlib\n",
        "Energy generated per day is ("
       ]
      },
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        " 840 * 10^3)  kWh\n",
        "\n",
        "The daily load curve and load duration curves are shown below:\n"
       ]
      },
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "display_data",
       "png": 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qiFFOtc7JJCQk4MqVK9i6dSv69OmDgoICju8SKRhzlpSk1uGyiIgI5OTkICws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\nyBARkWT+H5YlVY/jFClJAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n",
       "text": [
        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x49c3450>"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 28
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.16, Page Number: 57"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from __future__ import division\n",
      "\n",
      "#Variable declaration:\n",
      "c1 = 10                  #Capacity of each of 2 generators(MW)\n",
      "c2 = 5                   #Capacity of 3rd generator(MW)\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculation:\n",
      "C = 2*c1+c2              #Installed capacity(MW)\n",
      "A = (1/2)*(20+4)         #Avg load, seen from the curve(MW)\n",
      "PF = A/C                  #plant factor\n",
      "E = 8760*A               #Units generated per annum(MWh)\n",
      "LF = A/20                #Load factor\n",
      "PUF = 20/C               #Plant capacity factor\n",
      "\n",
      "#Results:\n",
      "print \"(i) Installed capacity is \",C,\"MW\"\n",
      "print \"(ii) Plant factor is \",round(PF*100,1),\"%\"\n",
      "print \"(iii) Units generated per annum is \",(E/1000),\"* 10^3  kWh\"\n",
      "print \"(iv) Load factor is \",round(LF*100,1),\"%\"\n",
      "print \"(V) Utilisation factor is \",round(PUF*100,1),\"%\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "(i) Installed capacity is  25 MW\n",
        "(ii) Plant factor is  48.0 %\n",
        "(iii) Units generated per annum is  105.12 * 10^3  kWh\n",
        "(iv) Load factor is  60.0 %\n",
        "(V) Utilisation factor is  80.0 %\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 16
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.17, Page Number: 57 "
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "#Variable declaration:\n",
      "n = 0.72                      #efficiency of the load\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculation:\n",
      "Ma = (10*0.746/0.72)* 0.65 + 5 * 0.60       #kW\n",
      "Mb = (7.5*0.746/0.72)*0.75+4*0.60           #kW\n",
      "Mc = (15*0.746/0.72)*0.65                    #kW\n",
      "Md = (5*0.746/0.72)*0.75+2*0.60              #kW\n",
      "\n",
      "SM = Ma+Mb+Mc+Md                            #Sum of maximum demands(kW)\n",
      "\n",
      "#The diversity factor between consumers of this type of service is 1\u00b75 from above table.\n",
      "M1 = SM/1.5                                  #Maximum demand on transformer 1(kW)\n",
      "\n",
      "#In a similar manner, the other transformer loads are determined to be\n",
      "#                Total       Simultaneous\n",
      "#Transformer 2   26 kW        7\u00b743 kW\n",
      "#Transformer 3   29\u00b713 kW    19\u00b740 kW\n",
      "\n",
      "#The diversity factor between transformers is 1\u00b73\n",
      "M2 = 7.43; M3 = 19.40\n",
      "MF = (M1+M2+M3)/1.3                     #Maximum load on feeder(kW)\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Results:\n",
      "print \"The maximum load on the feeder is \",round(MF,2),\"kW\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "The maximum load on the feeder is  37.64 kW\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 1
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.18, Page Number: 61"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from __future__ import division\n",
      "%matplotlib inline\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculation:\n",
      "E = 10**3*(20*2+40*3+50*5+35*3+70*3+40*2+20*6)       #Units generated per day(kWh)\n",
      "A = E/24                                 #Average load(kW)\n",
      "LF = A/(70*10**3)                        #Load factor\n",
      "\n",
      "n1 = linspace(0,8,10);\n",
      "m1 = linspace(20,20,10);\n",
      "plot(n1,m1);\n",
      "\n",
      "hold(True);\n",
      "n2 = linspace(8,11,10);\n",
      "m2 = linspace(40,40,10);\n",
      "plot(n2,m2,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "n3 = linspace(11,16,10);\n",
      "m3 = linspace(50,50,10);\n",
      "plot(n3,m3,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "n4 = linspace(16,19,10);\n",
      "m4 = linspace(35,35,10);\n",
      "plot(n4,m4,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "n5 = linspace(19,22,10);\n",
      "m5 = linspace(70,70,10);\n",
      "plot(n5,m5,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "n6 = linspace(22,24,10);\n",
      "m6 = linspace(40,40,10);\n",
      "plot(n6,m6,'b');\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "ylim(0,100);\n",
      "xlim(0,24);\n",
      "grid(linewidth=0.5);\n",
      "ylabel(\"Load in MW  ------>\");\n",
      "xlabel(\"Time in hours   ----->\");\n",
      "title(\"Daily Load Curve\");\n",
      "\n",
      "#Results:\n",
      "print \"Load factor is \",round(LF*100,2),\"%\"\n",
      "print \"\"\"\\nOperational schedule: Referring to the load curve shown\n",
      "below, the operational schedule will be as under :\n",
      " (i)  Set No. 1 will run for 24 hours.\n",
      " (ii) Set No. 2 will run from 8.00 hours to midnight.\n",
      " (iii)Set No. 3 will run from 11.00 hours to 16 hours and \n",
      "      again from 19 hours to 22 hours.\"\"\"\n",
      "print \"\\nThe Load curve is shown below:\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Populating the interactive namespace from numpy and matplotlib\n",
        "Load factor is "
       ]
      },
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        " 55.06 %\n",
        "\n",
        "Operational schedule: Referring to the load curve shown\n",
        "below, the operational schedule will be as under :\n",
        " (i)  Set No. 1 will run for 24 hours.\n",
        " (ii) Set No. 2 will run from 8.00 hours to midnight.\n",
        " (iii)Set No. 3 will run from 11.00 hours to 16 hours and \n",
        "      again from 19 hours to 22 hours.\n",
        "\n",
        "The Load curve is shown below:\n"
       ]
      },
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stderr",
       "text": [
        "WARNING: pylab import has clobbered these variables: ['tri', 'axes', 'legend', 'stackplot', 'figure', 'rc_context', 'quiver', 'streamplot', 'rc', 'text', 'colors', 'contour', 'axis', 'colorbar', 'test', 'rcdefaults', 'table']\n",
        "`%pylab --no-import-all` prevents importing * from pylab and numpy\n"
       ]
      },
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "display_data",
       "png": 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jI8aNG4ctW7ZYu6x6obi42Nol2CTmooy56BM5E5tpArm5uWjZsqVu29fXF7m5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\nAABJRU5ErkJggg==\n",
       "text": [
        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x4c39f30>"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 27
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      " Example 3.19, Page Number: 61"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "#Variable declaration:\n",
      "#peak loads(MW) are:\n",
      "P1 = 10\n",
      "P2 = 5\n",
      "P3 = 8\n",
      "P4 = 7\n",
      "\n",
      "DF = 1.5                   #Diversity factor\n",
      "LF = 0.60                  #Avg annual load factor\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculation:\n",
      "M = (P1+P2+P3+P4)/DF        #Max demand on the station(MW)\n",
      "E = (LF*M)*8760             #Annual energy supplied(MWh)\n",
      "#the installed capacity should be 15% to 20% more than the\n",
      "#maximum demand to meet the future needs.\n",
      "#Taking Installed capacity to be 20% more than the maximum demand,\n",
      "IC = 1.2*M                  #MW\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Results:\n",
      "print \"(i)  The maximum demand on the station is\",M,\"MW\"\n",
      "print \"(ii) Annual energy supplied by the station is (\",E/1000,\"* 10^6)  kWh\"\n",
      "print \"(iii)Installed capacity is\",IC,\"MW\"\n",
      "print \"     Suitable unit sizes are 4, each of 6 MW capacity.\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "(i)  The maximum demand on the station is 20.0 MW\n",
        "(ii) Annual energy supplied by the station is ( 105.12 * 10^6)  kWh\n",
        "(iii)Installed capacity is 24.0 MW\n",
        "     Suitable unit sizes are 4, each of 6 MW capacity.\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 2
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.20, Page Number: 64"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from __future__ import division\n",
      "\n",
      "#Variable declaration:\n",
      "c1 = 20                   #capacity of standby station(MW)\n",
      "c2 = 18                   #Capacity of base load station(MW)\n",
      "E1 = 7.35*10**6            #Annual standby output(kWh)\n",
      "E2 = 101.35*10**6          #Annual base load station output(kWh)\n",
      "P3 = 12                     #peak load on standby station(MW)\n",
      "t = 2190                  #hours of use by standby station/year\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculation:\n",
      "LF1 = E1/(t*P3*10**3)          #Annual load factor of standby station\n",
      "PCF1 = E1/(8760*c1*10**3)      #Plant capacity factor of standby station\n",
      "LF2 = E2/(8760*c2*10**3)        #Annual load factor of base load station\n",
      "#for base load station,\n",
      "PCF2 = LF2                      #Plant capacity factor of base load station\n",
      "\n",
      "#Results:\n",
      "print \"Annual load factor of standby station is\",round(LF1*100,1),\"%\"\n",
      "print \"Plant capacity factor of standby station is\",round(PCF1*100,1),\"%\"\n",
      "print \"Annual load factor of base load station is\",round(LF2*100,1),\"%\"\n",
      "print \"Plant capacity factor of base load station is\",round(PCF2*100,1),\"%\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Annual load factor of standby station is 28.0 %\n",
        "Plant capacity factor of standby station is 4.2 %\n",
        "Annual load factor of base load station is 64.3 %\n",
        "Plant capacity factor of base load station is 64.3 %\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 20
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.21, Page Number: 64"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from sympy import *\n",
      "\n",
      "#Variable declaration:\n",
      "M = 60000                   #maximum load of hydro plant(kW)\n",
      "m = 20000                   #minimum load of hydro pland(kW)\n",
      "P = 50000                    #peak load of plant per day(kW)\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculation:\n",
      "#Let OE = Capacity of steam plant\n",
      "#EC = Capacity of hydro plant\n",
      "x,y = symbols('x,y')            #two variables as indicated in given curve\n",
      "# As steam electric conversion is 60%,\n",
      "#\u2234 Area HEFI = 0\u00b76 \u00d7 Area FGB                            ... (i)\n",
      "#But Area HEFI = Area CFE \u2212 Area CHI\n",
      "#              = 1/2*(x*y-50000)\n",
      "#  Now Area FGB = 1/2*(FG*GB) = 1/2*(24-x)*(40000-y)\n",
      "#  or 0.2*x*y + 12000*x + 7.2*y \u2212 338000 = 0\n",
      "#Also from similar triangles CEF and CDB, we get,\n",
      "#     y/40000 = x/24\n",
      "y = x/24*40000\n",
      "x1 = round(solve(0.2*x*y + 12000*x + 7.2*y-338000,x)[1])\n",
      "y1 = x1/24*40000\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Result:\n",
      "print \"Capacity of the hydro plant is\",y1,\"kW\"\n",
      "print \"Capacity of the steam plant is\",60000-y1,\"kW\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Capacity of the hydro plant is 20000.0 kW\n",
        "Capacity of the steam plant is 40000.0 kW\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 32
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 3.22, Page Number: 65"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "from __future__ import division\n",
      "from sympy import *\n",
      "\n",
      "#Variable declaration:\n",
      "#Suppose the maximum demand of reservoir plant is y MW and it \n",
      "#operates for x hours\n",
      "x,y = symbols('x y')\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculation:\n",
      "E = 10**3*(1/2*(320+160)*8760)            #Units generated/annum\n",
      "#As the steam plant, run-of-river plant and hydro plant generate \n",
      "#units in the ratio of 7 : 4 : 1, so, units generated by \n",
      "#each plant are:\n",
      "\n",
      "E1 = E*7/12                    #by steam plant\n",
      "E2 = E*4/12                    #by run-of-river plant\n",
      "E3 = E/1/12                    #by reservoir plant\n",
      "\n",
      "#(i) Maximum demand on run-of-river plant = Area OEBA/OA\n",
      "M2 = 700.8*10**6/8760           #kW\n",
      "\n",
      "#Now,\n",
      "x = 8760*y/160\n",
      "E33 = 10**3*1/2*(x*y)\n",
      "#But the units generated by reservoir plant are E3 kWh\n",
      "y1 = solve(E33-E3,y)[1]\n",
      "M3 = y1                    #maximum demand on reservoir station(MW)\n",
      "M1 = 320-80-M2/1000              #Maximum demand on steam station(MW)\n",
      "LF2 = 100            #load factor of river plant(%), because it acts \n",
      "                        #as a base station.\n",
      "\n",
      "LF1 = E1*100/(M1*1000*8760)         #load factor of of run-of-river plant(%)\n",
      "LF3 = E3*100/(M3*1000*8760)           #load factor of reservoir plant(%)\n",
      "\n",
      "    \n",
      "\n",
      "#Result:\n",
      "print \"(i)Maximum demand on run-of-river plant is\",round(M1),\"MW\"\n",
      "print \"   Maximum demand on steam station is\",round(M2),\"MW\"\n",
      "print \"   Maximum demand on reservoir station is\",round(y1),\"MW\"\n",
      "print \"\\n(ii)Load factor of steam plant plant is\",LF1,\"%\"\n",
      "print \"    Load factor of of run-of-river plant is\",LF2,\"%\"\n",
      "print \"    Load factor of of reservoir plant is\",round(LF3),\"%\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "(i)Maximum demand on run-of-river plant is 160.0 MW\n",
        "   Maximum demand on steam station is 80000.0 MW\n",
        "   Maximum demand on reservoir station is 80.0 MW\n",
        "\n",
        "(ii)Load factor of steam plant plant is 87.5 %\n",
        "    Load factor of of run-of-river plant is 100 %\n",
        "    Load factor of of reservoir plant is 25.0 %\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 5
    }
   ],
   "metadata": {}
  }
 ]
}