path: root/Fundamentals_of_Fluid_Mechanics/Ch_2.ipynb

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  {
   "cells": [
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 1,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Chapter No.2 :FLUID STATICS"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 2.1 Page no.44"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\n",
      "sg=0.68                      #specific gravity of gasoline\n",
      "htg=17                       #ft (height of gasoline)\n",
      "htw=3                       #ft (height of water)\n",
      "#pressure p= (gamma*h)+atmp\n",
      "\n",
      "#calculation\n",
      "#pressure at water- gasoline interface p1 =sg*g*htg+atmp\n",
      "p1=sg*62.4*htg         #atmp=0 , p1 is in lb/ft**2\n",
      "pr1=p1/144               #lb/in**2\n",
      "#pressure head as feet of water H\n",
      "H= p1/62.4               #ft\n",
      "#similarly pressure p2 at tank bottom\n",
      "p2=62.4*htw+p1          #lb/ft**2\n",
      "pr2 = p2/144                #lb/in**2\n",
      "#pressure head as ft of water H1\n",
      "H1=p2/62.4                  #ft\n",
      "\n",
      "#Result\n",
      "print \"pressure at interface=\",round(p1,1),\"lb/ft**2\"\n",
      "print \"pressure head at interface in feet of water =\",round(H,1),\"ft\"\n",
      "print \"pressure at bottom=\",round(p2,1),\"lb/ft**2\"\n",
      "print \"pressure head at bottom in feet of water =\",round(H1,1),\"ft\"\n",
      "\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "pressure at interface= 721.3 lb/ft**2\n",
        "pressure head at interface in feet of water = 11.6 ft\n",
        "pressure at bottom= 908.5 lb/ft**2\n",
        "pressure head at bottom in feet of water = 14.6 ft\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 1
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 2.2 Page no.46"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "%matplotlib inline"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "\n",
        "Welcome to pylab, a matplotlib-based Python environment [backend: module://IPython.zmq.pylab.backend_inline].\n",
        "For more information, type 'help(pylab)'.\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 1
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\n",
      "h=1250                     #ft , height\n",
      "T=59                        #degree farenheit, Temprature\n",
      "p=14.7                     #psi (abs), pressure\n",
      "sw=0.0765               #lb/ft**3, (specific weight of air at p)\n",
      "\n",
      "#considering air to be compressible\n",
      "#calculation\n",
      "import math\n",
      "#p1/p2=math. exp(-(g*(z1-z2))/(R*T))\n",
      "ratp=math.exp(-(32.2*h)/(1716*(59+460)))\n",
      "print \"ratio of pressure at the top to that at the base considering air to be compressible=\",round(ratp,3)\n",
      "\n",
      "#considering air to be incompressible\n",
      "#p2=p1-(sw*(z2-z1))\n",
      "ratp1=1-((sw*h)/(p*144))\n",
      "print \"ratio of pressure at the top to that at the base considering air to be incompressible=\",round(ratp1,3)\n",
      "\n",
      "#Plot\n",
      "z=[0,1250,5000]\n",
      "p=[1,0.955,0.82]\n",
      "a=plot(z,p)\n",
      "\n",
      "z1=[0,1250,5000]\n",
      "p1=[1,0.956,0.84]\n",
      "a1=plot(z1,p1)\n",
      "xlabel(\"(Z2-Z1)(ft)\") \n",
      "ylabel(\"(p2-p1)\") \n",
      "show(a)\n",
      "show(a1)"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "ratio of pressure at the top to that at the base considering air to be compressible= 0.956\n",
        "ratio of pressure at the top to that at the base considering air to be incompressible= 0.955\n"
       ]
      },
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "display_data",
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9vJXhScNZtW8Vr7d8nb5N+lLWvazlD+REdE5EROzOFhEXQOOajfniH1/wTY9v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\niIgUm5qIiIgUm5qIiIgUm5qIiIgU2/8Bf2dYlrsM/5QAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text": [
        "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x812aa90>"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 3
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 2.3 Page no.49"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\n",
      "#Given \n",
      "T=10                     #degree C, Temprature\n",
      "dmax=40               #m, maximum diameter\n",
      "p=598                   #mm Hg, pressure\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculate\n",
      "#pressure in lake at any depth h is given by p=gamma*h + local barometric pressure 'pbar'\n",
      "#pbar/(gamma Hg)=598 mm= .598 m  (gamma Hg) = 133kN/m**3\n",
      "pbar=0.598*133         #kN/m**2\n",
      "#(gamma water)=9.804 kN/m**3 at 10 dergree C\n",
      "p=(9.804*40)+pbar    #kN/m**2\n",
      "\n",
      "#Result\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"The absolute pressure at a depth of 40 m in the lake=\",round(p,0),\"kPa(psi)\"\n",
      " "
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "The absolute pressure at a depth of 40 m in the lake= 472.0 kPa(psi)\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 2
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 2.4 Page no.52"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\n",
      "sg1=0.90            #specific gravity of oil\n",
      "sg2=13.6            #specific gravity of Hg\n",
      "#height of column at different section\n",
      "h1=36.0                  #inches, \n",
      "h2=6.0                    #inches\n",
      "h3=9.0                    #inches\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculation\n",
      "#pressure equation: airp+h1*sg1*(gamma water)+h2*sg1*(gamma water)-h3*sg2*(gamma water)=0\n",
      "airp=-(sg1*62.4*((h1/12)+(h2/12)))+(sg2*62.4*(h3/12))              #lb/ft**2\n",
      "#gage pressure = airp\n",
      "pgage=airp/144\n",
      "\n",
      "#Result\n",
      "\n",
      "print \"Gage pressure=\",pgage,\"psi\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "Gage pressure= 3.055 psi\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 3
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 2.5 Page no.53"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\n",
      "gamma1=9.8                 #kN/m**3, specific wt of gage \n",
      "gamma2=15.6               #kN/m**3\n",
      "h1=1                            #m, height\n",
      "h2=0.5                         #m\n",
      "#pA-(gamma1)*h1-h2*(gamma2)+(gamma1)*(h1+h2)=pB\n",
      "#pA-pB=diffp\n",
      "diffp=((gamma1)*h1+h2*(gamma2)-(gamma1)*(h1+h2))\n",
      "\n",
      "#Result\n",
      "print \"The difference in pressures at A and B =\",diffp,\"kpa\"\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "The difference in pressures at A and B = 2.9 kpa\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 4
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 2.6 Page no.61"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\n",
      "dia=4                              #m, diameter\n",
      "sw=9.8                           #kN/m**3 specific weight of water\n",
      "hc=10                            #m, height\n",
      "ang=60                          #degrees, amgle\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculation\n",
      "import math\n",
      "A=math.pi*(dia**2)/4\n",
      "fres=sw*hc*A\n",
      "#for the coordinate system shown xc=xres=0\n",
      "Ixc=math.pi*((dia/2)**4)/4\n",
      "yc=hc/(math.sin (ang*math.pi/180))\n",
      "yres= (Ixc/(yc*A))+yc\n",
      "ydist=yres-yc\n",
      "\n",
      "#Result\n",
      "print \"The resultant force acting on the gate of the reservoir =\",round(fres*10**-3,2,),\"kN\"\n",
      "print \"The resultant force acts through a point along the diameter of the gate at a distance of \",round(ydist,2),\"m\"\n",
      "y=[2,5,10,30]\n",
      "hc=[0.44,0.18,0.0886,0.04]\n",
      "a1=plot(y,hc)\n",
      "xlabel(\"(hc) m\") \n",
      "ylabel(\"(Yr-Ym) m\") \n",
      "show(a1)\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "The resultant force acting on the gate of the reservoir = 1.23 kN\n",
        "The resultant force acts through a point along the diameter of the gate at a distance of  0.09 m\n"
       ]
      },
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "display_data",
       "png": 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91pUrzrqJu6XBba8HDep6qmv06P5VN/H2t3OQvwJpbGwEIDMzE4Ds7GyqqqrI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\nAElFTkSuQmCC\n"
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 5
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 2.7 Page no.62"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\n",
      "sw=64                   #lb/ft**3 specific weight of water\n",
      "h=10                     #ft, depth\n",
      "a=3                       #ft, distance from horizontal axis\n",
      "b=3                      #ft    distance from vertical axis\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculation\n",
      "#shape is triangular, hence hc=h-(a/3)\n",
      "hc=h-(a/3)\n",
      "A=(0.5*a*b)         #ft**3 area of the right angled triangle\n",
      "fres=sw*hc*A       #lb\n",
      "Ixc=b*(a**3)/36\n",
      "Ixyc=b*(a**2)*(b)/72\n",
      "#according to the coordinate system taken yc=hc and xc=0\n",
      "yres=(Ixc/(hc*A))+hc\n",
      "xres=(Ixyc/(hc*A))\n",
      "ydist=yres-hc\n",
      "\n",
      "#Result\n",
      "print \"The resultant force on the area shown is=\",round(fres,3),\"lb\"\n",
      "print \"yR=\",round(yres,1),\"ft\"\n",
      "print \"xR=\",round(xres,3),\"ft\"\n"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "The resultant force on the area shown is= 2592.0 lb\n",
        "yR= 9.0 ft\n",
        "xR= 0.025 ft\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 6
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 2.8 Page no.66"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\n",
      "sg=0.9                 # specific gravity of oil\n",
      "a=0.6                  #m, length of square\n",
      "pgage=50               #kPa, gage pressure\n",
      "h1=2                   #m; height 1\n",
      "h2=2.6                 #m  height 2\n",
      "\n",
      "#the force on the trapezoid is the sum of the force on the rectangle f1 and force on triangle f2\n",
      "f1=((pgage*1000)+(sg*1000*9.81*h1))*(a**2)    #N\n",
      "f2=sg*1000*9.81*(h2-h1)*(a**2)/2              #N\n",
      "fres=f1+f2                                                          #N\n",
      "#to find vertical location of fres fres*yres=(f1*(a/2))+(f2*(h1-h2))\n",
      "yres=((f1*(a/2))+(f2*(a/3)))/fres                          #m\n",
      "\n",
      "#Result\n",
      "print \"The resultant force on the plate is=\",round((fres/1000),3),\"kN\"\n",
      "print \"The force acts at a distance of \",round(yres,3), \"m \" \"\\n above the bottom plate alond the vertical line of symmetry\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "The resultant force on the plate is= 25.31 kN\n",
        "The force acts at a distance of  0.296 m \n",
        " above the bottom plate alond the vertical line of symmetry\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 7
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 2.9 Page no.68"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "#Given\n",
      "dia=6.0                     #ft, diameter\n",
      "l=1                         #ft, length\n",
      "#horizontal force f1=sw*hc*A\n",
      "hc=dia/4                    #ft\n",
      "sw=62.4                     #lb/ft**3, specific wt\n",
      "A=(dia/2.0)*l               #ft**2, area\n",
      "f1=sw*hc*A                  #lb\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculation\n",
      "#this force f1 acts at a height of radius/3 ft above the bottom\n",
      "ht=(dia/2)/3          #ft\n",
      "#weight w = sw*volume\n",
      "import math\n",
      "w=sw*((dia/2)**2)*math.pi/4*l    #lb\n",
      "#this force acts through centre of gravity which is 4*radius/(3*%pi) right of the centre of conduit\n",
      "dist=(4*dia/2)/(3*math.pi)                #ft\n",
      "#horizontal force that tank exerts on fluid = f1\n",
      "#vertical force that tank exerts on fluid = w\n",
      "#resultant force fres =((f1)**2+(w)**2)**0.5\n",
      "fres =((f1)**2+(w)**2)**0.5          #lb\n",
      "\n",
      "#Result\n",
      "print \"The resultant force exerted by the tank on the fluid=\",round(fres,1),\"lb\"\n",
      "print \"The force acts at a distance of\",round(dist,3),\"ft\" "
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "The resultant force exerted by the tank on the fluid= 522.9 lb\n",
        "The force acts at a distance of 1.273 ft\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 8
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 2.10 Page no.71"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\n",
      "dia=1.5           #m\n",
      "wt=8.5            #kN\n",
      "#tension in cable T=bouyant force(Fb)-wt\n",
      "#fluid is water\n",
      "import math\n",
      "sw=10.1                #kN/m**3\n",
      "\n",
      "#Calculaton\n",
      "vol=math.pi*dia**3/6   #m**3\n",
      "Fb=sw*vol              #kN\n",
      "T=Fb-wt                #kN\n",
      "\n",
      "#Result\n",
      "print \"The tension in the cable =\",round(T,2),\"kN\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "The tension in the cable = 9.35 kN\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 9
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Example 2.11 Page no.75"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\n",
      "sg=0.65             #specific gravity of fuel\n",
      "l1=0.75              #ft, horizontal distance\n",
      "l2=0.5               #ft  verticle distance\n",
      "#0.5 ft =z1(max)\n",
      "#0.5=0.75*(ay(max)/g)\n",
      "aymax=(0.5*32.2)/0.75            #ft/s**2\n",
      "\n",
      "#Result\n",
      "print \"The max acceleration that can occur before the fuel level drops \\n below the transducer=\",round(aymax,1),\"ft/s**2\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "The max acceleration that can occur before the fuel level drops \n",
        " below the transducer= 21.5 ft/s**2\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 10
    }
   ],
   "metadata": {}
  }
 ]
}