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{
"metadata": {
"name": ""
},
"nbformat": 3,
"nbformat_minor": 0,
"worksheets": [
{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"CHAPTER 10 VOLTAGE AMPLIFIERS"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 10-1, Page 322"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Example 10.1.py\n",
"#What is the voltage gain & output voltage across the load resistor? \n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"re=22.7 #Ac resistance as per example 9-5(Ohm)\n",
"RC=3.6 #Collector Resistance(KOhm)\n",
"RL=10 #Load Resistance(KOhm)\n",
"Vin=2 #Input voltage(mV)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"rc=RC*RL/(RC+RL) #AC collector resistance(Ohm)\n",
"Av=(rc/re)*1000 #Voltage gain\n",
"Vout=Av*Vin #Output voltage(mV)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print 'Voltage gain Av = ',round(Av,2)\n",
"print 'Output voltage Vout = ',round(Vout,2),'mV'"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Voltage gain Av = 116.61\n",
"Output voltage Vout = 233.22 mV\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 1
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 10-2, Page 323"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Example 10.2.py\n",
"#What is the voltage gain & output voltage across the load resistor?\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"RC=3.6 #Collector Resistance(KOhm)\n",
"RL=2.2 #Load Resistance(KOhm)\n",
"Vin=5 #Input voltage(mV)\n",
"VEE=9 #collector voltage(V)\n",
"RE=10 #Emitter resistance(KOhm)\n",
"VBE=0.7 #Base-emitter voltage drop(V)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"rc=RC*RL/(RC+RL) #AC collector resistance(Ohm)\n",
"IE=(VEE-VBE)/RE #emitter current(mA)\n",
"re=25/IE #AC resistance(Ohm)\n",
"Av=(rc/re)*1000 #Voltage gain\n",
"Vout=Av*Vin #Output voltage(mV)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print 'Emitter current IE = ',IE,'mA'\n",
"print 'Voltage gain Av = ',round(Av,2)\n",
"print 'Output voltage Vout = ',round(Vout,2),'mV'"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Emitter current IE = 0.83 mA\n",
"Voltage gain Av = 45.34\n",
"Output voltage Vout = 226.68 mV\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 2
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 10-3, Page 325"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Example 10.3.py\n",
"#In figure 10-4, Rs = 600 Ohm. find output voltage for B=300.\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"re=22.7 #Ac resistance as per example 9-5(Ohm)\n",
"B=300 #current gain\n",
"R1=10 #Base resistance1 (KOhm)\n",
"R2=2.2 #Base resistance2 (KOhm)\n",
"Rs=0.6 #internal resistance of source(KOhm)\n",
"Av=117 #Voltage gain as per example 10-1\n",
"Vs=2 #ac voltage supply(mV)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"Zin_base=B*re/1000 #input impedance of base(KOhm)\n",
"Zin_stage=((R1**-1)+(Zin_base**-1)+(R2**-1))**-1 #input impedance of stage(KOhm)\n",
"Vin=(Zin_stage/(Rs+Zin_stage))*Vs #input voltage(mV)\n",
"Vout=Av*Vin #output voltage(mV)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print 'input impedance of stage Zin(stage) = ',round(Zin_stage,2),'KOhm'\n",
"print 'Output volatge Vout = ',round(Vout,2),'mV'"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"input impedance of stage Zin(stage) = 1.43 KOhm\n",
"Output volatge Vout = 164.69 mV\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 3
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 10-4, Page 325"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Example 10.4.py\n",
"#Repeat preceding example for B=50.\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"re=22.7 #Ac resistance as per example 9-5(Ohm)\n",
"B=50 #current gain\n",
"R1=10 #Base resistance1 (KOhm)\n",
"R2=2.2 #Base resistance2 (KOhm)\n",
"Rs=0.6 #internal resistance of source(KOhm)\n",
"Av=117 #Voltage gain as per example 10-1\n",
"Vs=2 #ac voltage supply(mV)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"Zin_base=B*re/1000 #input impedance of base(KOhm)\n",
"Zin_stage=((R1**-1)+(Zin_base**-1)+(R2**-1))**-1 #input impedance of stage(KOhm)\n",
"Vin=(Zin_stage/(Rs+Zin_stage))*Vs #input voltage(mV)\n",
"Vout=Av*Vin #output voltage(mV)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print 'input impedance of stage Zin(stage) = ',round(Zin_stage,2),'KOhm'\n",
"print 'Output volatge Vout = ',round(Vout,2),'mV'"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"input impedance of stage Zin(stage) = 0.7 KOhm\n",
"Output volatge Vout = 125.71 mV\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 4
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 10-5, Page 327"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Example 10.5.py\n",
"#Find ac collector voltage & output voltage across the load resistor in first stage. \n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"re=22.7 #Ac resistance as per example 9-5(Ohm)\n",
"B=100 #current gain\n",
"R1=10 #Base resistance1 (KOhm)\n",
"R2=2.2 #Base resistance2 (KOhm)\n",
"Rs=0.6 #internal resistance of source(KOhm)\n",
"RC=3.6 #colletcor resistance (KOhm)\n",
"Vs=1 #ac voltage supply(mV)\n",
"RL=10 #Load resistance(KOhm)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"Zin_base=B*re/1000 #input impedance of base(KOhm)\n",
"Zin_stage1=((R1**-1)+(Zin_base**-1)+(R2**-1))**-1 #input impedance of stage1(KOhm)\n",
"Vin=(Zin_stage1/(Rs+Zin_stage1))*Vs #input voltage(mV)\n",
"Zin_stage2=((R1**-1)+(Zin_base**-1)+(R2**-1))**-1 #input impedance of stage2(KOhm)\n",
"rc1=(RC*Zin_stage2)/(RC+Zin_stage2) #AC collector resistance of stage1(KOhm)\n",
"Av1=rc1/re #Voltage gain of stage 1\n",
"vc=Av1*Vin #AC collector voltage of stage 1(V)\n",
"rc2=(RC*RL)/(RC+RL) #AC collector resistance of stage2(KOhm)\n",
"Av2=rc2/re #Voltage gain of stage 2\n",
"Vout=Av2*vc #output voltage(mV)\n",
"Av=Av1*Av2 #Overall voltage gain\n",
"Voutf=Av*Vin #AC output voltage across RL(V)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print 'AC collector voltage of first stage vc = ',round(vc*1000,2),'mV'\n",
"print 'AC output voltage across load resistor Vout = ',round(Voutf*1000,2),'V'"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"AC collector voltage of first stage vc = 21.67 mV\n",
"AC output voltage across load resistor Vout = 2.53 V\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 5
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 10-6, Page 331"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Example 10.6.py\n",
"#What is the output voltage across RL if B=200? Ignore re'. \n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"VCC=10 #collector voltage(V)\n",
"RC=3.6 #Collector resistance (KOhm)\n",
"re=0.18 #Emitter resistance (KOhm)\n",
"R1=10 #Base resistance1 (KOhm)\n",
"R2=2.2 #Base resistance2 (KOhm)\n",
"Rs=0.6 #internal resistance of source(KOhm)\n",
"VBE=0.7 #Base-emitter voltage drop(V)\n",
"Vs=50 #ac voltage supply(mV)\n",
"RL=10 #Load resistance(KOhm)\n",
"B=200 #current gain \n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"Zin_base=B*re #input impedance of base(KOhm)\n",
"Zin_stage=((R1**-1)+(Zin_base**-1)+(R2**-1))**-1 #input impedance of stage(KOhm)\n",
"Vin=(Zin_stage/(Rs+Zin_stage))*Vs #input voltage(mV)\n",
"rc=(RC*RL)/(RC+RL) #AC collector resistance of stage(KOhm)\n",
"Av=rc/re #Voltage gain of stage\n",
"Vout=Av*Vin #output voltage(mV)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print 'input impedance of stage Zin(stage) = ',round(Zin_stage,2),'KOhm'\n",
"print 'Output volatge Vout = ',round(Vout,2),'mV'"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"input impedance of stage Zin(stage) = 1.72 KOhm\n",
"Output volatge Vout = 544.91 mV\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 6
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 10-7, Page 332"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Example 10.7.py\n",
"#Repeat preceding example, but this time include re' in calculations.\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"VCC=10 #collector voltage(V)\n",
"RC=3.6 #Collector resistance (KOhm)\n",
"re=0.18 #Emitter resistance (KOhm)\n",
"re1=0.0227 #Ac resistance as per example 9-5(KOhm)\n",
"R1=10 #Base resistance1 (KOhm)\n",
"R2=2.2 #Base resistance2 (KOhm)\n",
"Rs=0.6 #internal resistance of source(KOhm)\n",
"VBE=0.7 #Base-emitter voltage drop(V)\n",
"Vs=50 #ac voltage supply(mV)\n",
"RL=10 #Load resistance(KOhm)\n",
"B=200 #current gain \n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"Zin_base=B*(re+re1) #input impedance of base(KOhm)\n",
"Zin_stage=((R1**-1)+(Zin_base**-1)+(R2**-1))**-1 #input impedance of stage(KOhm)\n",
"Vin=(Zin_stage/(Rs+Zin_stage))*Vs #input voltage(mV)\n",
"rc=(RC*RL)/(RC+RL) #AC collector resistance of stage(KOhm)\n",
"Av=rc/(re+re1) #Voltage gain of stage\n",
"Vout=Av*Vin #output voltage(mV)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print 'input impedance of stage Zin(stage) = ',round(Zin_stage,2),'KOhm'\n",
"print 'Output volatge Vout = ',round(Vout,2),'mV'"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"input impedance of stage Zin(stage) = 1.73 KOhm\n",
"Output volatge Vout = 484.55 mV\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 7
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 10-8, Page 333"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Example 10.8.py\n",
"#What is the output voltage in figure 10-9 if B=200? Ignore re'. \n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"re=0.18 #emitter reistance(Ohm)\n",
"B=200 #current gain\n",
"R1=10 #Base resistance1 (KOhm)\n",
"R2=2.2 #Base resistance2 (KOhm)\n",
"Rs=0.6 #internal resistance of source(KOhm)\n",
"RC=3.6 #colletcor resistance (KOhm)\n",
"Vs=1 #ac voltage supply(mV)\n",
"RL=10 #Load resistance(KOhm)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"Zin_base=B*re #input impedance of base(KOhm)\n",
"Zin_stage1=((R1**-1)+(Zin_base**-1)+(R2**-1))**-1 #input impedance of stage1(KOhm)\n",
"Vin=(Zin_stage1/(Rs+Zin_stage1))*Vs #input voltage(mV)\n",
"Zin_stage2=((R1**-1)+(Zin_base**-1)+(R2**-1))**-1 #input impedance of stage2(KOhm)\n",
"rc1=(RC*Zin_stage2)/(RC+Zin_stage2) #AC collector resistance of stage1(KOhm)\n",
"Av1=rc1/re #Voltage gain of stage 1\n",
"vc=Av1*Vin #AC collector voltage of stage 1(V)\n",
"rc2=(RC*RL)/(RC+RL) #AC collector resistance of stage2(KOhm)\n",
"Av2=rc2/re #Voltage gain of stage 2\n",
"Vout=Av2*vc #output voltage(mV)\n",
"Av=Av1*Av2 #Overall voltage gain\n",
"Voutf=Av*Vin #AC output voltage across RL(V)\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print 'AC collector voltage of first stage vc = ',round(vc,2),'mV'\n",
"print 'AC output voltage across load resistor Vout = ',round(Voutf,2),'mV'"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"AC collector voltage of first stage vc = 4.79 mV\n",
"AC output voltage across load resistor Vout = 70.39 mV\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 8
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 2,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 10-9, Page 335"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"#Example 10.9.py\n",
"#A resistor can be varied from 0 to 10 KOhm. then What is the min & max voltage gain of the two-stage amplifier?\n",
"\n",
"#Variable declaration\n",
"RV_min=0 #minimum variable resistance (KOhm)\n",
"RV_max=10 #maximum variable resistance (KOhm)\n",
"re=0.1 #Emitter resistance (KOhm)\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"rf_min=RV_min+1 #minimum feedback resistance(KOhm)\n",
"rf_max=RV_max+1 #maximum feedback resistance(KOhm)\n",
"Av_min=rf_min/re #minimum voltage gain\n",
"Av_max=rf_max/re #maximum voltage gain\n",
"\n",
"#Result\n",
"print 'minimum voltage gain Av(min)= ',Av_min\n",
"print 'minimum voltage gain Av(max)= ',Av_max"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"minimum voltage gain Av(min)= 10.0\n",
"minimum voltage gain Av(max)= 110.0\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 44
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": []
}
],
"metadata": {}
}
]
}
|
