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|
{
"metadata": {
"name": "",
"signature": "sha256:fb72fb6e3e7bfcc92ab695858992d86597c1a24269bab39240e9f25a8dff8c2d"
},
"nbformat": 3,
"nbformat_minor": 0,
"worksheets": [
{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 1,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Chapter 5: Transistors"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 3,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 5.1 Page No 134"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"alpha=0.98 #alpha(dc), current gain\n",
"Ico=1*10**(-6) #Ampere, collector leakage current\n",
"Ie=1*10**(-3) # Ampere, emitter current\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"Ic=alpha*Ie+Ico #Collector Current\n",
"Ib=Ie-Ic #Base Current \n",
"#result\n",
"print \" The Collector Current is Ic= \",Ic*1000,\"mA\"\n",
"print \" The Base Current is Ib= \",Ib*10**6,\"microA\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
" The Collector Current is Ic= 0.981 mA\n",
" The Base Current is Ib= 19.0 microA\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 1
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 3,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 5.2 Page No 141"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"dIe=(0.7-0.3)*10**(-3) #A, change in emitter current\n",
"dVeb=(0.7-0.62) #V, change in emitter base voltage\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"ri=dVeb/dIe #Dynamic Input Resistance at Vcb= -10 V \n",
"#Result\n",
"print \" The Dynamic Input Resistance is ri= \",ri,\"ohm\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
" The Dynamic Input Resistance is ri= 200.0 ohm\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 7
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 3,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 5.3 Page No 144"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"dIe=1*10**(-3) #A, change in emitter current\n",
"dIc=0.99*10**(-3) #A, change in the collector current\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"hfb=dIc/dIe #Short Circuit Current Gain\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \"The Short Circuit Current Gain is alpha or hfb= \",hfb"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 3,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 5.4 Page No 147 "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"dIe=1*10**(-3) #A, change in emitter current\n",
"dIc=0.995*10**(-3) #A, change in collector current\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"alpha=dIc/dIe #Common Base Short Circuit Current Gain\n",
"#Result\n",
"print \" The Common Base Short Circuit Current Gain is alpha= \",alpha\n",
"\n",
"#(b)\n",
"beeta=alpha/(1-alpha) #Common Emitter Short Circuit Current Gain\n",
"# Result\n",
"print \" The Common Emitter Short Circuit Current Gain is beeta= \",beeta\n"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
" The Common Base Short Circuit Current Gain is alpha= 0.995\n",
" The Common Emitter Short Circuit Current Gain is beeta= 199.0\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 6
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 3,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 5.5 Page No 147 "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"Beeta=100.0 #dc current gain\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"Alpha=Beeta/(Beeta+1) #DC Current Gain in Common Base Configuration\n",
"# Result\n",
"print \" The DC Current Gain in Common Base Configuration is Alpha= \",round(Alpha,2)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
" The DC Current Gain in Common Base Configuration is Alpha= 0.99\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 5
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 3,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 5.6 Page No 150"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"Vce=10 #V, collector emitter voltage\n",
"Ib=30*10**(-6) #A, base current\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation from Given Output Characteristics at Ib = 30uA\n",
"dVce=(12.5-7.5) #V, change in collector emitter voltage\n",
"dic=(3.7-3.5)*10**(-3) #A, change in collector current\n",
"Ic=3.6*10**(-3) #A, collector current at operating point \n",
"ro=dVce/dic # Dynamic Output Resistance\n",
"Beeta_dc=Ic/Ib # DC Current Gain\n",
"Beeta_ac=((4.7-3.6)*10**(-3))/((40-30)*10**(-6)) #AC Current Gain, From Graph, Bac=delta(ic)/delta(ib) for given Vce\n",
"\n",
"# Result\n",
"print \"Dynamic Output Resistance ,ro = \",ro/10**(3),\"kohm\"\n",
"print \" DC Current Gain ,Bdc = \",Beeta_dc\n",
"print \" AC Current Gain ,Bac = \",Beeta_ac"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Dynamic Output Resistance ,ro = 25.0 kohm\n",
" DC Current Gain ,Bdc = 120.0\n",
" AC Current Gain ,Bac = 110.0\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 4
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 3,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 5.7 Page No 159"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
" \n",
"Vcc=12 #V, collector bias juncyion voltage\n",
"Rc=1000.0 #Ohms, collector resistance\n",
"Vbb=10.7 #V. base bias junction voltage\n",
"Rb=200000.0 #Ohms, base resistance\n",
"Vbe=0.7 #V, base emitter voltage\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"Ib=(Vbb-Vbe)/Rb # base current\n",
"#Value of Ib comes out to be 50uA. A dotted Curve is drawn for \n",
"#Ib=40uA and Ib=60uA. At the Point of Intersection:\n",
"Vce=6 #V, collector emitter voltage\n",
"Ic=6*10**(-3) #A, collector current\n",
"# Result\n",
"print \" Q point: Ib = \",Ib/10**(-6),\"microA\"\n",
"print \" Vce = \",Vce,\"V\"\n",
"print \" Ic = \",Ic/10**(-3),\"mA\"\n",
"#Plot\n",
"\n",
"#DC Load LIne AT Ib=50 microA\n",
"Vce1=[0,12]\n",
"Ic1=[12,0]\n",
"a1=plot(Vce1,Ic1)\n",
"xlim(0,14)\n",
"ylim(0,17)\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"# AT Ib=20 microA\n",
"Vce2=[0,1,12]\n",
"Ic2=[0,1.5,3]\n",
"a2=plot(Vce2,Ic2)\n",
"\n",
"# AT Ib=40 microA\n",
"Vce3=[0,1,12]\n",
"Ic3=[0,4,5]\n",
"a3=plot(Vce3,Ic3)\n",
"\n",
"#At IB=50\n",
"Vcex=[3.2,9]\n",
"Icx=[5.5,6]\n",
"ax=plot(Vcex,Icx,linestyle='--')\n",
"qx=plot(6.1,5.9,marker='o',label='$Q point$')\n",
"legend()\n",
"\n",
"# AT Ib=60 microA\n",
"Vce4=[0,1,12]\n",
"Ic4=[0,6.5,8]\n",
"a4=plot(Vce4,Ic4)\n",
"\n",
"# AT Ib=80 microA\n",
"Vce5=[0,1,12]\n",
"Ic5=[0,9,10]\n",
"a5=plot(Vce5,Ic5)\n",
"\n",
"# AT Ib=100 microA\n",
"Vce6=[0,1,12]\n",
"Ic6=[0,12,12.5]\n",
"a6=plot(Vce6,Ic6)\n",
"\n",
"# AT Ib=120 microA\n",
"Vce7=[0,1,12]\n",
"Ic7=[0,14.2,15]\n",
"a7=plot(Vce7,Ic7)\n",
"xlabel(\"$Vce(volt)$\")\n",
"ylabel(\"$Ic(mA)$\")\n",
"show(a1)\n",
"show(ax)\n",
"show(qx)\n",
"show(a2)\n",
"show(a3)\n",
"show(a4)\n",
"show(a5)\n",
"show(a6)\n",
"show(a7)\n"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
" Q point: Ib = 50.0 microA\n",
" Vce = 6 V\n",
" Ic = 6.0 mA\n"
]
},
{
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "display_data",
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FsmXL2LFjB4888kidBlgbhiwDfWP7kvJT5amqsn7B/mJiYPly+O039a7h7bfV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\nI4lBCCGEGUkMQgghzPx/TjiQ+AqbBlQAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n"
}
],
"prompt_number": 15
},
{
"cell_type": "heading",
"level": 3,
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Example 5.8 Page No 173"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\n",
"u=80.0 # Amplification Factor\n",
"gm=200*10**(-6) # S, Transconductance\n",
"\n",
"#Calculation\n",
"rd=u/gm #Dynamic Drain Resistance\n",
"# Result\n",
"print \" The Dynamic Drain Resistance of JFET is rd= \",rd/10**(3),\"kohm\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
" The Dynamic Drain Resistance of JFET is rd= 400.0 kohm\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 3
}
],
"metadata": {}
}
]
}
|
