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{"nbformat_minor": 0, "cells": [{"source": "# Chapter 7 : Microwave Antennas", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"source": "## Example 7.1,Page Number 337", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 1, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\n\n\n#variable declaration\nD = 2 # Diameter of paraboloid reflector in m\nc = 3*10**8 # speed of light in m/s\nf = 5 # frequency in GHz\nf = 5*10**9 # frequency in Hz\n\n#calculations\nlamda = c/f # wavelength in m\nBWFN = 140*(lamda/D) # null-to-null beamwidth in degrees\nHPBW = 70*(lamda/D) # half power beamwidth in degrees\n\n#result\nprint \"null-to-null beamwidth in degrees:\",round(BWFN,3)\nprint \"half power beamwidth in degrees:\",round(HPBW,3)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "null-to-null beamwidth in degrees: 4.2\nhalf power beamwidth in degrees: 2.1\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "## Example 7.2,Page Number 337", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 2, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\nfrom math import log10\n\n#variable declaration\nD = 2 # mouth diameter of paraboloid reflector in m\nc = 3*10**8 # speed of light in m/s\nf = 5 # frequency in GHz\nf = 5*10**9 # frequency in Hz\n\n#calculations\nlamda = c/f # wavelength in m\nG = 6.4*(D/lamda)**2 # power gain of paraboloid\nG_p = 10*log10(G) #power gain in dB\n\n#result\nprint \"power gain in dB:\",round(G_p,3)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "power gain in dB: 38.519\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "## Example 7.3,Page Number 337", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 3, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\nfrom math import log10\n\n#variable declaration\n\nD_a = 0.15 # mouth Diameter of paraboloid in m\nc = 3*10**8 # speed of light in m/s\nf = 10 # frequency in GHz\nf = 10*10**9 # frequency in Hz\n\n#calculations\nlamda = c/f # wavelength in m\nBWFN = 140*(lamda/D_a) # null-to-null beamwidth in degrees\nHPBW = 70*(lamda/D_a) # half power beamwidth in degrees\nG_p = 6.4*(D_a/lamda)**2 # power gain of paraboloid\nG_p = 10*log10(G_p) # power gain in dB\n\n#result\nprint \"null-to-null beamwidth in degrees:\",round(BWFN,3)\nprint \"half power beamwidth in degrees:\",round(HPBW,3)\nprint \"power gain in dB:\",round(G_p,3)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "null-to-null beamwidth in degrees: 28.0\nhalf power beamwidth in degrees: 14.0\npower gain in dB: 22.041\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "## Example 7.4,Page Number 338", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 4, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\nfrom math import log10\n\n#variable declaration\nD_a = 1.8 #mouth diameter of paraboloid reflector in m\nc = 3*10**8 # speed of light in m/s\nf = 2 # frequency in GHz\nf = 2*10**9 # frequency in Hz\n\n#calculations\nlamda = c/f # wavelength in m\nG_p = 6.4*(D_a/lamda)**2 # power gain of paraboloid\nG_p = 10*log10(G_p) # power gain in dB\n\n\n#result\nprint \"power gain in dB:\",round(G_p,3)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "power gain in dB: 29.645\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "## Example 7.5,Page Number 338", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 5, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\nfrom math import log10\n\n#variable declaration\nc = 3*10**8 # speed of light in m/s\nf = 5 # frequency in GHz\nf = 5*10**9 # frequency in Hz\nlamda = c/f # wavelength in m\nBWFN = 10 # null-to-null beamwidth in degrees\n\n#calculations\n# formula: BWFN = 140*(lamda/D_a)\nD_a = 140*lamda/BWFN # mouth Diameter of paraboloid reflector in m\nHPBW = 70*(lamda/D_a) # half power beamwidth in degrees\nG_p = 6.4*(D_a/lamda)**2 # power gain of paraboloid\n\n#result\nprint \"half power beamwidth in degrees:\",round(HPBW,3)\nprint \"mouth Diameter of paraboloid reflector in m:\",round(D_a,3)\nprint \"power gain of paraboloid:\",round(G_p,3)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "half power beamwidth in degrees: 5.0\nmouth Diameter of paraboloid reflector in m: 0.84\npower gain of paraboloid: 1254.4\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "## Example 7.6,Page Number 339", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 6, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\nfrom math import log10,pi\n\n#variable declaration\nb = 0.65 # illumination efficiency\nD_a = 6 # mouth diameter of paraboloid reflector in m\nc = 3*10**8 # speed of light in m/s\nf = 10 # frequency in GHz\nf = 10*10**9 # frequency in Hz\n\n#calculations\nlamda = c/f # wavelength in m\nA = pi*(D_a)**2/4 # Actual area in m**2\nA_c = 0.65*A # capture area in m**2\nD = 6.4*(D_a/lamda)**2 # directivity\nD = 10*log10(D) # directivity in dB\nphi = 70*(lamda/D_a) # half power beam width in degrees\nphi_not = 2*phi # null-to-null main beam width in degrees\n\n#result\nprint \"directivity in dB:\",round(D,3)\nprint \"half power beam width in degrees:\",round(phi,3)\nprint \"null-to-null main beam width in degrees:\",round(phi_not,3)\nprint \"capture area in m**2:\",round(A_c,3)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "directivity in dB: 54.082\nhalf power beam width in degrees: 0.35\nnull-to-null main beam width in degrees: 0.7\ncapture area in m**2: 18.378\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "## Example 7.7,Page Number 339", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 7, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\n\n#variable declaration\nD_a = 6 # Diameter of paraboloid reflector in m\nc = 3*10**8 # speed of light in m/s\nf = 4 # frequency in GHz\nf = 4*10**9 # frequency in Hz\n\n#calculations\nlamda = c/f # wavelength in m\nr = (2*D_a**2)/lamda # required minimum distance between two antennae in m\n\n\n#result\nprint \"required minimum distance between two antennae in m:\",round(r,3) \n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "required minimum distance between two antennae in m: 960.0\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "## Example 7.8,Page Number 340", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 8, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\nfrom math import sqrt\n\n#variable declaration\nG_p = 1000 # gain\nc = 3*10**8 # speed of light in m/s\nf = 3 # frequency in GHz\nf = 3*10**9 # frequency in Hz\nlamda = c/f # wavelength in m\n\n#calculations\n# formula : G_p = 6.4*(D_a/lambda)**2 # power gain\nD_a = lamda*(sqrt(G_p/6.4)) # mouth Diameter of paraboloid in m\nBWFN = 140*(lamda/D_a) # null-to-null beamwidth in degrees\nHPBW = 70*(lamda/D_a) # half power beamwidth in degrees\n\n#result\nprint \"mouth Diameter of paraboloid in m\",round(D_a,3)\nprint \"null-to-null beamwidth in degrees:\",round(BWFN,3)\nprint \"half power beamwidth in degrees:\",round(HPBW,3)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "mouth Diameter of paraboloid in m 1.25\nnull-to-null beamwidth in degrees: 11.2\nhalf power beamwidth in degrees: 5.6\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "## Example 7.9,Page Number 340", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 9, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\nfrom math import sqrt,pi\n\n#variable declaration\nc = 3*10**8 # speed of light in m/s\nf = 10 # frequency in GHz\nf = 10*10**9 # frequency in Hz\nlamda = c/f # wavelength in m\nG_p = 75 # power gain in dB\n\n#calculations\n\n# formula : G_p = 10*log10(G_p) # power gain in dB\nG = 10**(G_p/10) # simple power gain\n# formula : G = 6.4*(D_a/lamda)**2 # power gain\nD_a = lamda*(sqrt(G/6.4)) # mouth Diameter of paraboloid in m\nA = pi*(D_a)**2/4 # Actual area in m**2\nA_c = 0.65*A # capture area in m**2\nBWFN = 140*(lamda/D_a) # null-to-null beamwidth in degrees\nHPBW = 70*(lamda/D_a) # half power beamwidth in degrees\n\n\n#result\nprint \"null-to-null beamwidth in degrees:\",round(BWFN,3)\nprint \"half power beamwidth in degrees:\",round(HPBW,3)\nprint \"capture area in m**2:\",round(A_c,3)\n\n#answer of capture area is slightly more as compare to the book\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "null-to-null beamwidth in degrees: 0.063\nhalf power beamwidth in degrees: 0.031\ncapture area in m**2: 2270.209\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "## Example 7.10,Page Number 341", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 10, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\nfrom math import log10,pi\n\n#variable declaration\nD_a = 60 # mouth diameter of paraboloid reflector in m\nc = 3*10**8 # speed of light in m/s\nf = 2 # frequency in GHz\nf = 2*10**9 # frequency in Hz\n\n#calculations\nlamda = c/f # wavelength in m\nphi = 70*(lamda/D_a) # half power beam width in degrees\nphi_not = 140*(lamda/D_a) # null-to-null main beam width in degrees\nG_p = 6.4*(D_a/lamda)**2 # power gain of paraboloid\nG_p = 10*log10(G_p) #power gain in dB\n\n#result\nprint \"half power beam width in degrees:\",round(phi,3)\nprint \"null-to-null main beam width in degrees:\",round(phi_not,3)\nprint \"power gain in dB:\",round(G_p,3)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "half power beam width in degrees: 0.175\nnull-to-null main beam width in degrees: 0.35\npower gain in dB: 60.103\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "## Example 7.11,Page Number 342", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 11, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\nfrom math import log10\n\n#variable declaration\nD = 22 # mouth diameter of paraboloid reflector in m\nc = 3*10**8 # speed of light in m/s\nf = 5 # frequency in GHz\nf = 5*10**9 # frequency in Hz\nlamda = c/f # wavelength in m\nb = 0.6 # illumination efficiency\n\n\n#calculations\nG_p = b*(D/lamda)**2 # power gain of paraboloid\nG_p = 10*log10(G_p) #power gain in dB\n\n#result\nprint \"power gain in dB:\",round(G_p,3)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "power gain in dB: 49.067\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "## Example 7.12,Page Number 342", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 12, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\nfrom math import pi\n\n#variable declaration\nc = 3*10**8 # speed of light in m/s\nf = 2 # frequency in GHz\nf = 2*10**9 # frequency in Hz\nlamda = c/f # wavelength in m\nBWFN = 12 # null-to-null main beam width in degrees\n\n#calculalations\n# formula : BWFN = 140*(lamda/D_a)\nD_a = 140*lamda/BWFN # mouth diameter of paraboloid reflector in m\nA = pi*(D_a)**2/4 # Actual area in m**2\nA_c = 0.65*A # capture area in m**2\n\n#result\nprint \"mouth diameter of paraboloid reflector in m:\",round(D_a,3)\nprint \"capture area in m**2:\",round(A_c,4)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "mouth diameter of paraboloid reflector in m: 1.75\ncapture area in m**2: 1.5634\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "## Example 7.13,Page Number 343", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 13, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\nfrom math import log10\n\n#variable declaration\nc=3*10**8 # speed of light in m/s\nf=2.5 # frequency in GHz\nf=2.5*10**9 # frequency in Hz\nlamda=c/f # wavelength in m\nBWFN=3 # null-to-null main beam width in degrees\n\n#calculations\n# formula : BWFN=140*(lamda/D_a)\nD_a=140*lamda/BWFN # mouth diameter of paraboloid reflector in m\nG=6.4*(D_a/lamda)**2 # power gain of paraboloid\nG_p=10*log10(G) #power gain in dB\n\n#calculations\nprint \"power gain in dB:\",round(G_p,3)\nprint \"mouth diameter of paraboloid reflector in m:\",round(D_a,3)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "power gain in dB: 41.442\nmouth diameter of paraboloid reflector in m: 5.6\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "## Example 7.14,Page Number 343", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 14, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\nfrom math import log10\nfrom sympy import Symbol\n\n#variable declaration\nphi = 5 # HPBW,half power beam width in Degrees\nphi_not = 2*phi # BWFN, null-to-null beam width in degrees\nLm = Symbol('Lm') # defining Lm as lambda\n\n#calculations\n# formula : phi = 70*(Lm/D_a) # where Lm is wavelength in m and D_a is mouth diameter in m\nD_a = (70*Lm)/phi\nG_p = 6.4*(D_a/Lm)**2\nG_p = 10*log10(G_p) # power gain in dB\n\n#result\nprint \"BWFN, null-to-null beam width in degrees:\",round(phi_not,3)\nprint \"power gain in dB:\",round(G_p,3)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "BWFN, null-to-null beam width in degrees: 10.0\npower gain in dB: 30.984\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "## Example 7.15,Page Number 344", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 15, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\nfrom math import log10\nfrom sympy import Symbol\n\n#variable declaration\nLm = Symbol('Lm')# defining Lm as lambda\nD_a = 8*Lm # where D_a is mouth diameter in m and Lm is wavelength in m\n\n#calculations\n# formula : G_p = 6.4*(D/lambda)**2\nG_p = 6.4*(D_a/Lm)**2 #power gain\nG_p = 10*log10(G_p) # power gain in dB \n\n#result\nprint \"power gain in dB:\",round(G_p,3)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "power gain in dB: 26.124\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "## Example 7.16,Page Number 344", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 16, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\nfrom sympy import Symbol\n\n#variable declaration\nLm = Symbol('Lm') # defining Lm as lamda\nD_a = 6*Lm # where D_a is mouth diameter in m and Lm is wavelength\n\n#calculations\n# formula : HPBW = phi = 70*(lamda/D_a)\nphi = 70*(Lm/D_a) # half power beam width in degrees\nphi_not = 2*phi # null-to-null beam width in degrees\n# formula : D = 6.4*(D_a/lambda)**2\nD = 6.4*(D_a/Lm)**2\n\n#result\nprint \"Directivity:\",round(D,3)\nprint \"half power beam width in degrees:\",round(phi,3)\nprint \"null-to-null beam width in degrees:\",round(phi_not,3)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "Directivity: 230.4\nhalf power beam width in degrees: 11.667\nnull-to-null beam width in degrees: 23.333\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "## Example 7.17,Page Number 344", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 17, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\nfrom math import log10\n\n#variable declaration\nf = 6 # frequency in GHz\nf = 6*10**9 # frequency in Hz\nc = 3*10**8 # speed of light in m/s\nlamda = c/f # wavelength in m\nd = 12 # aperture length in cm\nd = 12*10**-2 # aperture length in m\nw = 6 # aperture width in cm\nw = 6*10**-2 # aperture width in m\n\n#calculations\nphi_E = 56*(lamda/d) # half power beam width for aperture length d in Degrees\nphi_H = 67*(lamda/w) # half power beam width for aperture width w in Degrees\nG_p = (4.5*w*d)/(lamda)**2 # power gain\nG_p = 10*log10(G_p) # power gain in dB\nD =(7.5*w*d)/(lamda)**2 # Directivity\n\n#result\nprint \"half power beam width for aperture length d in Degrees:\",round(phi_E,3)\nprint \"half power beam width for aperture width w in Degrees:\",round(phi_H,3)\nprint \"power gain in dB:\",round(G_p,2)\nprint \"Directivity:\",round(D,3)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "half power beam width for aperture length d in Degrees: 23.333\nhalf power beam width for aperture width w in Degrees: 55.833\npower gain in dB: 11.13\nDirectivity: 21.6\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "## Example 7.18,Page Number 345", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 18, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\nfrom math import log10\nfrom sympy import Symbol\n\n#variable declaration\nLm = Symbol('Lm') # defining Lm as lambda\nd = 8*Lm # where d is aperture length and Lm is wavelength\nw = 8*Lm # where w is aperture width\n\n#calculations\n#formula : G_p = (4.5*w*d)/lambda**2\nG_p = (4.5*w*d)/Lm**2 # power gain \nG_p = 10*log10(G_p) # power gain in dB\n\n#result\nprint \"power gain in dB:\",round(G_p,3)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "power gain in dB: 24.594\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "## Example 7.19,Page Number 345", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 19, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\nfrom math import log10\n\n#variable declaration\nf = 6 # frequency in GHz\nf = 6*10**9 # frequency in Hz\nc = 3*10**8 # speed of light in m/s\nlamda = c/f # wavelength in m\nd = 10 # aperture length in cm\nd = 10*10**-2 # aperture length in m\nw = 5 # aperture width in cm\nw = 5*10**-2 # aperture width in m\n\n#calculations\nG_p = (4.5*w*d)/(lamda)**2 # power gain\nG_p = 10*log10(G_p) # power gain in dB\nD = (7.5*w*d)/(lamda)**2 # Directivity\nD = 10*log10(D) # directivity in dB\n\n#result\nprint \"power gain in dB:\",round(G_p,3)\nprint \"Directivity in dB:\",round(D,3)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "power gain in dB: 9.542\nDirectivity in dB: 11.761\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}, {"source": "## Example 7.20,Page Number 345", "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}}, {"execution_count": 21, "cell_type": "code", "source": "from __future__ import division\nimport numpy as np\n\neta_0 = 377 #intrinsic impedance in ohm\nprint \"when Zd = 73+42.5j\" \nZd = 73+42.5j # dipole impedance\n# formula : zs*zd = (eta_0)**2/4\nZs = eta_0**2/(4*Zd) # slot impedance in ohm\nprint \"complementary slot impedance in ohm:\",np.around(Zs,2)\n\nprint \"when Zd = 67+0j\"\nZd = 67+0j # dipole impedance\n# formula : zs*zd = (eta_0)**2/4\nZs = eta_0**2/(4*Zd) # slot impedance in ohm\nprint \"complementary slot impedance in ohm:\",np.around(Zs,2)\n\nprint \"when Zd = 710+0j\"\nZd = 710+0j # dipole impedance\n# formula : zs*zd = (eta_0)**2/4\nZs = eta_0**2/(4*Zd) # slot impedance in ohm\nprint \"complementary slot impedance in ohm:\",np.around(Zs,2)\n\n\nprint \"when Zd = 500+0j\"\nZd = 500+0j # dipole impedance\n# formula : zs*zd = (eta_0)**2/4\nZs = eta_0**2/(4*Zd) # slot impedance in ohm\nprint \"complementary slot impedance in ohm:\",np.around(Zs,2)\n\n\nprint \"when Zd = 50+20j\"\nZd = 50+20j # dipole impedance\n# formula : zs*zd = (eta_0)**2/4\nZs = eta_0**2/(4*Zd) # slot impedance in ohm\nprint \"complementary slot impedance in ohm:\",np.around(Zs,2)\n\n\nprint \"when Zd = 50-25j\"\nZd = 50-25j # dipole impedance\n# formula : zs*zd = (eta_0)**2/4\nZs = eta_0**2/(4*Zd) # slot impedance in ohm\nprint \"complementary slot impedance in ohm:\",np.around(Zs,2)\n\n\nprint \"when Zd = 300+0j\"\nZd = 300+0j # dipole impedance\n# formula : zs*zd = (eta_0)**2/4\nZs = eta_0**2/(4*Zd) # slot impedance in ohm\nprint \"complementary slot impedance in ohm:\",np.around(Zs,2)\n", "outputs": [{"output_type": "stream", "name": "stdout", "text": "when Zd = 73+42.5j\ncomplementary slot impedance in ohm: (363.53-211.64j)\nwhen Zd = 67+0j\ncomplementary slot impedance in ohm: (530.33+0j)\nwhen Zd = 710+0j\ncomplementary slot impedance in ohm: (50.05+0j)\nwhen Zd = 500+0j\ncomplementary slot impedance in ohm: (71.06+0j)\nwhen Zd = 50+20j\ncomplementary slot impedance in ohm: (612.62-245.05j)\nwhen Zd = 50-25j\ncomplementary slot impedance in ohm: (568.52+284.26j)\nwhen Zd = 300+0j\ncomplementary slot impedance in ohm: (118.44+0j)\n"}], "metadata": {"collapsed": false, "trusted": true}}], "nbformat": 4, "metadata": {"kernelspec": {"display_name": "Python 2", "name": "python2", "language": "python"}, "language_info": {"mimetype": "text/x-python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "version": "2.7.8", "name": "python", "file_extension": ".py", "pygments_lexer": "ipython2", "codemirror_mode": {"version": 2, "name": "ipython"}}}}
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