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-{
- "metadata": {
- "name": "",
- "signature": "sha256:74a00fabf3de3a229499fd336c46d9a546ea42ad7cb4fbe98a92a6ea72f21fa8"
- },
- "nbformat": 3,
- "nbformat_minor": 0,
- "worksheets": [
- {
- "cells": [
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 1,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Chapter 2: Bonding in Solids"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 2.1,Page number 62"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Given Data\n",
- "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
- "e = 1.6*10**-19; # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
- "r = 3.147*10**-10; # Nearest neighbour distance for KCl, m\n",
- "n = 9.1; # Repulsive exponent of KCl\n",
- "A = 1.748; # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
- "E = A*e**2/(4*math.pi*epsilon_0*r)*(n-1)/n/e; # Binding energy of KCl, eV\n",
- "print\"The binding energy of KCl = \",round(E,4),\"eV\";\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The binding energy of KCl = 7.10982502818 eV\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 5
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 2.2,Page number 62"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Given Data\n",
- "\n",
- "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
- "N = 6.023*10**23; # Avogadro's number\n",
- "e = 1.6*10**-19; # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
- "a0 = 5.63*10**-10; # Lattice parameter of NaCl, m\n",
- "r0 = a0/2; # Nearest neighbour distance for NaCl, m\n",
- "n = 8.4; # Repulsive exponent of NaCl\n",
- "A = 1.748; # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
- "E = A*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n/e; # Binding energy of NaCl, eV\n",
- "print\"The binding energy of NaCl = \",round(E*N*e/(4.186*1000),4),\"kcal/mol\" ;\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The binding energy of NaCl = 181.1005 kcal/mol\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 7
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 2.3,Page number 62"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Given Data\n",
- "\n",
- "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
- "N = 6.023*10**23; # Avogadro's number\n",
- "e = 1.6*10**-19; # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
- "E = 162.9*10**3; # Binding energy of KCl, cal/mol\n",
- "n = 8.6; # Repulsive exponent of KCl\n",
- "A = 1.747; # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
- "# As lattice binding energy, E = A*e**2/(4*%pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n, solving for r0\n",
- "r0 = A*N*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*E*4.186)*(n-1)/n; # Nearest neighbour distance of KCl, m\n",
- "print\"The nearest neighbour distance of KCl = \",round(r0*10**10,4),\"angstorm\";\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The nearest neighbour distance of KCl = 3.1376 angstorm\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 12
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 2.4,Page number 63"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Given Data\n",
- "\n",
- "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
- "N = 6.023*10**23; # Avogadro's number\n",
- "e = 1.6*10**-19; # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
- "E = 152*10**3; # Binding energy of CsCl, cal/mol\n",
- "n = 10.6; # Repulsive exponent of CsCl\n",
- "A = 1.763; # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
- "\n",
- "# As lattice binding energy, E = A*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n, solving for r0\n",
- "r0 = A*N*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*E*4.186)*(n-1)/n; # Nearest neighbour distance of CsCl, m\n",
- "print\"The nearest neighbour distance of CsCl = \",round(r0*10**10,4),\"angstrom\";\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The nearest neighbour distance of CsCl = 3.4776 angstrom\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 13
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 2.5,Page number 63"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Given Data\n",
- "\n",
- "epsilon_0 = 8.854*10**-12; # Absolute electrical permittivity of free space, F/m\n",
- "N = 6.023*10**23; # Avogadro's number\n",
- "e = 1.6*10**-19; # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
- "r0 = 6.46*10**-10; # Nearest neighbour distance of NaI\n",
- "E = 157.1*10**3; # Binding energy of NaI, cal/mol\n",
- "A = 1.747; # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
- "\n",
- "# As lattice binding energy, E = -A*e**2/(4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)*(n-1)/n, solving for n\n",
- "n = 1/(1+(4.186*E*4*pi*epsilon_0*r0)/(N*A*e**2)); # Repulsive exponent of NaI\n",
- "print\"\\nThe repulsive exponent of NaI = \",round(n,4);"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "\n",
- "The repulsive exponent of NaI = 0.363\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 15
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 2.6,Page number 63"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Given Data\n",
- "\n",
- "e = 1.6*10**-19; # Energy equivalent of 1 eV, eV/J\n",
- "a0 = 2.8158*10**-10; # Nearest neighbour distance of solid\n",
- "A = 1.747; # Madelung constant for lattice binding energy\n",
- "n = 8.6; # The repulsive exponent of solid\n",
- "c = 2; # Structural factor for rocksalt\n",
- "# As n = 1 + (9*c*a0**4)/(K0*e**2*A), solving for K0\n",
- "K0 = 9*c*a0**4/((n-1)*e**2*A); # Compressibility of solid, metre square per newton\n",
- "print\"The compressibility of the solid = \", \"{0:.3e}\".format(K0),\"metre square per newton\";"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The compressibility of the solid = 3.329e-01 metre square per newton\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 18
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 2.7,Page number 69"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Given Data\n",
- "\n",
- "chi_diff = 1; # Electronegativity difference between the constituent of elements of solid\n",
- "percent_ion = 100*(1-math.e**(-(0.25*chi_diff**2))); # Percentage ionic character present in solid given by Pauling\n",
- "print\"The percentage ionic character present in solid = \",round(percent_ion,2),\"percent \";\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The percentage ionic character present in solid = 22.12 percent \n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 20
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "heading",
- "level": 2,
- "metadata": {},
- "source": [
- "Example 2.8,Page number 69"
- ]
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [
- "import math\n",
- "\n",
- "#Given Data\n",
- "\n",
- "Eh_GaAs = 4.3; # Homopolar gap of GaAs compound, eV\n",
- "C_GaAs = 2.90; # Ionic gap of GaAs compound, eV\n",
- "Eh_CdTe = 3.08; # Homopolar gap of CdTe compound, eV\n",
- "C_CdTe = 4.90; # Ionic gap of CdTe compound, eV\n",
- "\n",
- "fi_GaAs = C_GaAs**2/(Eh_GaAs**2 + C_GaAs**2);\n",
- "fi_CdTe = C_CdTe**2/(Eh_CdTe**2 + C_CdTe**2);\n",
- "print\"The fractional ionicity of GaAs = \",round(fi_GaAs,4);\n",
- "print\"The fractional ionicity of CdTe = \",round(fi_CdTe,4);\n"
- ],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": [
- {
- "output_type": "stream",
- "stream": "stdout",
- "text": [
- "The fractional ionicity of GaAs = 0.3126\n",
- "The fractional ionicity of CdTe = 0.7168\n"
- ]
- }
- ],
- "prompt_number": 3
- },
- {
- "cell_type": "code",
- "collapsed": false,
- "input": [],
- "language": "python",
- "metadata": {},
- "outputs": []
- }
- ],
- "metadata": {}
- }
- ]
-} \ No newline at end of file
generated by cgit (git 2.34.1) at 2025-01-10 13:37:52 +0000